Test 5

INSIGHTS MOCK TEST SERIES 2015: TEST – 5 SOLUTIONS
1. Solution: d)
This discrimination was the result of majoritarianism in SL.
The relation between the Sinhalese and Sri-Lankan Tamils has been strained since Sri Lanka gained
independence from Britain in 1948, which ensued at the time when the nation‘s constitution was being drawn.
The introduction of the Sinhala-only act in 1956 triggered riots in Sri Lanka. Further discrimination against the
Tamil population in Sri Lanka in cultural, political, economic areas led to some Tamils harboring resentment
against the Sinhalese groups and the Government.
Militant groups demanding independence for Tamils known as TNT and later as Liberation Tigers of Tamil
Eelam (LTTE) formed in 1972. Since then, many Sinhalese and Tamils have been caught in this conflict and
killed. The start of the civil war is said to have been in the July of 1983 with a deadly attack by LTTE on the Sri
Lankan army. Many peace talks failed between the government and LTTE. From 1983 till the end of the civil
war in 2009, there continued many offensive attacks both by LTTE and the Sri Lankan army. Attack by suicide
bombers had become a trademark of the LTTE. This war forced many Tamils to find new homes in other
countries like Canada and Australia.
In 2009, the Sri Lankan government mounted a concerted effort to use armed forces to eliminate the LTTE and
their terrorism. While they were successful, there have been several allegations of human rights abuses by the
Sri Lankan government. The war also resulted in thousands of Tamils being displaced from their homes and
pushed into refugee camps in other regions. The rights of Tamils (refugees and otherwise) continues to be an
important diplomatic issue the Sri Lankan government is dealing with.
2. Solution: c)
Europium has no significant biological role and is relatively non-toxic compared to other heavy metals. Most
applications of europium exploit the phosphorescence of europium compounds.
Europium is all around us, sprinkled inside billions of fluorescent sources around the world. Fluorescent
lamps are coated with a variety of phosphor compounds, including europium, and filled with a mercury
vapor. Electric current excites the mercury, and the energy is released again as ultraviolet light. When this
ultraviolet light strikes the phosphor compound coated on the inside of the lamp, it glows with a unique color.
http://insightsonindia.com INSIGHTS Page 1

Fluorescent lamps are coated inside with a variety of phosphor compounds, including europium, and filled
with a mercury vapor. They glow when struck by ultraviolet light
Europium emits bright reds and blues that really stand out. Another element, terbium, gives out greens. By
combining the reds, greens and blues from different compounds, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) can emit
white light, and run for hundreds of hours longer than incandescent bulbs. The same europium ions also
enable bright reds and blues on a wide variety of display screens, from televisions to smart tablets and phones.
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/unpacking-europium-mainstay-lighting-industry
3. Solution: d)
The nations which practice federalism. No need to remember all. Only those with which India has a close
relationship or neighbourhood.
4. Solution: d)
Scientists have found out what imparts iridescence to wings of insects and scales of fish. Researchers have
revealed that disordered layers of crystals give a silvery sheen to fish and a coloured, iridescence to insect
wings. These crystal layers are the ―universal explanation‖ for the colourful reflections of many creatures, say
the researchers at the University of Bristol and University of Western Australia.
The study was published in the journal Interface this week.

These creatures have evolved nano-scale structures that exploit light. The scales of these organisms are made
up of microscopic layers of crystals that have a range of different thicknesses. As these crystals are arranged in
a disorderly manner, they prevent light waves from propagating through a material. The light waves "bounce
around inside the layers" and are eventually reflected back. These surfaces reflect more light than many man-
made structures, producing colourful metallic iridescence or dazzling silver shine that we see in the natural
world.
This phenomenon can be copied by humans to produce hyper-reflective surfaces like reflectors to make LED
lights more efficient, says a news report in BBC.
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/scientists-find-what-imparts-sparkle-fish-scales-and-insect-wings
5. Solution: d)
The western coast and northeastern India receive over about 400 cm of rainfall annualy. However, it is less
than 60 cm in western Rajasthan and adjoining parts of Gujarat, Haryana and Punjab. Rainfall is equally low in
the interior of the Deccan plateau, and east of the Sahyadris. Why do these regions receive low rainfall? A third
area of low precipitation is around Leh in Jammu and Kashmir. The rest of the country receives moderate
rainfall. Snowfall is restricted to the Himalayan region.
6. Solution: a)
This has been explained in the previous question. One of the examples can be the recent cyclone Hudhudh
which devastated the Andhra Pradesh coasts.
7. Solution: d)
Refer to the section 11.6.1 for the description of all phenomena connected with the refraction of light.
8. Solution: c)

9. Solution: b)
Federations are contrasted with unitary governments.
Under the unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the
central government. The central government can pass on orders to the provincial or the local government. But
in a federal system, the central government cannot order the state government to do something. State
government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the central government. Both these
governments are separately answerable to the people.
10. Solution: d)
Drainage patterns as shown in the image with description
11. Solution: b)
A rectangular drainage pattern develops on a strongly jointed rocky terrain. The radial pattern develops when
streams flow in different directions from a central peak or dome like structure. A combination of several
patterns may be found in the same drainage basin.

Since the Himalayan rivers are perennial; flow through large distances and great height, they are deeper and
longer than the peninsular rivers.
12. Solution: a)
Some of the key features of federalism :
1 There are two or more levels (or tiers) of government.
2 Different tiers of government govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own JURISDICTION in specific
matters of legislation, taxation and administration.
3 The jurisdictions of the respective levels or tiers of government are specified in the constitution. So the
existence and authority of each tier of government is constitutionally guaranteed.
4 The fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level of government.
Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government.
5 Courts have the power to interpret the constitution and the powers of different levels of government. The
highest court acts as an umpire if disputes arise between different levels of government in the exercise of their
respective powers.
6 Sources of revenue for each level of government are clearly specified to ensure its financial autonomy.
7. The federal system thus has dual objectives: to safeguard and promote unity of the country, while at the
same time accommodate regional diversity.
Therefore, two aspects are crucial for the institutions and practice of federalism. Governments at different
levels should agree to some rules of power-sharing. They should also trust that each would abide by its part of
the agreement. An ideal federal system has both aspects : mutual trust and agreement to live together.
Panchayati Raj fits this description.
13. Solution: c)
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/steep-decline-predatory-fish-population-past-40-years-says-study

14. Solution: d)
Defence and currency are in the realm of the CG, hence directions can be given. Naxalism comes under law
and order, which is in state list. So, no directions can be forced on the state governments.
15. Solution: c)
Increasing consumption of anti-depressants by humans is affecting bird populations, according to a recent

study. The drugs find their way into the food chain of other species through sewage and effluent.
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/prozac-has-negative-effect-bird-population-finds-study
16. Solution: d)
Social differences unite and well as divide. It depends on how a society reacts to it. If there is mutual respect
and recognition of the uniqueness of each social class, it leads to greater cohesion and harmony.
Multi-cultural countries may or may not have social divisions. In societies where social differences tend to
match with economic or other stark differences, experience social divisions. For e.g. blacks in America were
socially different as well as economically very weak. And hence were discriminated against.
17. Solution: c)
Social divisions can be best accommodated in a democracy because every community has a say in the final
outcome of a policy, law, rule, division of resources. Besides, it is all done through thoughtful, transparent and
broad-based political negotiation.
While it is true that the politics of the day reflects these social divisions, it by no way means that it also
exacerbates it. It can actually act as a binder and bring cohesion in divided social interests by acting as a bridge
between them.
18. Solution: a)
Germany and Denmark have emerged as the top two green performers of 2014 (based on perception),
according to the fourth edition of the Global Green Economy Index (GGEI). Sweden and Norway, on the other
hand, have scored the highest based on performance.
The report applauds the countries‘ performance in both economic and environmental categories of the index
and recognises their role as global green leaders.
The GGEI, produced by a private US-based consultancy called Dual Citizen LLC, releases a ranking of
countries based on their performance in the global green economy as evaluated by expert practitioners. The
report says it serves as an important communications tool for policy makers, international organisations and
the private sector to evaluate green performance of countries.

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) defines green economy as one that results in improved
human well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities.
Such an economy is low carbon, resource efficient and socially inclusive.
For More: http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/germany-and-denmark-are-top-green-performers-

according-global-green-economy-index
19. Solution: a)
After detecting a stimulus, organisms must provide a response in order to account for the change. A tropism is
a response that an organism makes to a stimulus. An example of a common tropism in plants
is phototropism(light response). Plants grow towards light sources, and if the direction of light is changed, the
plant will also change its direction of growth to accommodate for survival.
Another example would be geotropism (response to gravity). Jellyfish, which are marine organisms, swim
based on gravity, and when the force of gravity is changed in their environment, they also change their
swimming activity to accommodate. Likewise, humans have gravity receptors in our balance, or vestibular,
systems, and we use this to adjust to gravity during our daily activities.
Hydrotropism (hydro- "water"; tropism "involuntary orientation by an organism, that involves turning or
curving as a positive or negative response to a stimulus") is a plant's growth response in which the direction of
growth is determined by a stimulus or gradient in water concentration.
20. Solution: d)
21. Solution: d)
Existence of stark social divisions, coupled with very high economic inequality and heavy politicization of the
same, may threaten democracy.

Mere existence of social differences or economic inequality does not threaten democracy. They are in fact part
and parcel of any democratic nation‘s life. In fact, political expressions of social divisions like gender etc. help
fight such divisions collectively.
22. Solution: b)
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/india-finally-get-national-air-quality-index
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution#Pollutants
23. Solution: c)
The eddy covariance (EC) system is widely favoured by scientists across the world to measure the exchange of
carbon dioxide, water vapour, methane, various other gases, and energy between the surface of earth and the
atmosphere in different ecosystems. Advanced versions are increasingly being used by rice scientists to arrive
at a fairer measure of emissions in rice ecosystems which have for long been targeted as major villains in
pushing up agricultural GHGs.
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/rice-fields-carbon-sinks
24. Solution: d)
Having several religions with their own approach to living is fine in a multi-cultural nation. The problem
begins when religion is seen as the basis of the nation. The example of Northern Ireland shows the dangers of
such an approach to nationalism. The problem becomes more acute when religion is expressed in politics in
exclusive and partisan terms, when one religion and its followers are pitted against another. This happens
when beliefs of one religion are presented as superior to those of other religions, when the demands of one
religious group are formed in opposition to another and when state power is used to establish domination of
one religious group over the rest. This manner of using religion in politics is communal politics.
Communal politics is based on the dea that religion is the principal basis of social community. Communalism
involves thinking along the following lines. The followers of a particular religion must belong to one
community. Their fundamental interests are the same. Any difference that they may have is irrelevant or
trivial for community life
In its extreme form communalism leads to the belief that people belonging to different religions cannot live as
equal citizens within one nation. Either, one of them has to dominate the rest or they have to form different
nations.

25. Solution: d)
Secular state
Communalism was and continues to be one of the major challenges to democracy in our country. The makers
of our Constitution were aware of this challenge. That is why they chose the model of a secular state. This
choice was reflected in several constitutional provisions.
 There is no official religion for the Indian state. Unlike the status of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, that of
Islam in Pakistan and that of Christianity in England, our Constitution does not give a special status to
any religion.
 The Constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practice and
propagate any religion, or not to follow any.
 The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
 At the same time, the Constitution allows the state to intervene in the matters of religion in order to
ensure equality within religious communities. For example, it bans untouchability. Understood in this
sense, secularism is not just an ideology of some parties or persons. This idea constitutes one of the
foundations of our country.
Communalism should not be seen as a threat to some people in India. It threatens the very idea of India. That
is why communalism needs to be combated. A secular Constitution like ours is necessary but not sufficient to
combat communalism.
26. Solution: a)
MICROORGANISMS WHICH dwell on millions of tonnes of plastic pieces floating in oceans are turning out
to be a huge help in cleaning the ocean surface. They not only break down the pollutant by eating it, but also
make it sink. Analysis of over 1,000 images of plastic material drifting along Australian coastline has shown
that diatom was the most common algae which kept on collecting on plastic pieces till they sank. There could
be other complex creatures which feed on microbes and toxins. The observations can help explain why plastic
pollution on ocean surfaces is not growing at the rate scientists feared it would. It could also give clues to new
and improved waste disposal mechanisms on land.
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/science-technology-briefs-0
27. Solution: a)
Sri Paramhansa was more into spiritual and devotional matters. His disciple swami Vivekananda was into
opposing casteism and establishing a casteless society.
Other personalities like Gandhi, Ambedkar are well known.

28. Solution: d)
Partly due to their efforts and partly due to other socio-economic changes, castes and caste system in modern
India have undergone great changes. With economic development, large scale URBANISATION, growth of
literacy and education, OCCUPATIONAL MOBILITY and the weakening of the position of landlords in the
villages, the old notions of CASTE HIERARCHY are breaking down. The landlords often belonged to upper
castes and sought to perpetuate the discrimination meted out to the lower castes. Since they were powerful in
the villages, the domination over the lower castes was also adhered to by other villagers.
Now, most of the times, in urban areas it does not matter much who is walking along next to us on a street or
eating at the next table in a restaurant. The Constitution of India prohibited any caste-based discrimination
and laid the foundations of policies to reverse the injustices of the caste system.
29. Solution: b)
Gender divisions are based on gender roles. A gender role is a theoretical construct in the social
sciences and humanities that refers to a set of social and behavioral norms that, within a specific culture, are
widely considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex. Socially accepted gender roles
differ widely between different cultures. Proponents of gender role theory assert that observed gender
differences in behavior and personality characteristics are, at least in part, socially constructed, and therefore,
the product of socialization experiences; this contrasts with other models of gender that assert that gender
differences are "essential" to biological sex. Gender differences exist in almost all societies. With differences in
the norms adopted, this suggests that gender differences are, at least partly, influenced by culture.
30. Solution: b)
National Commission for Women composition
(a) A Chairperson, committed to the cause of women, to be nominated by the Central Government.
(b) Five Members to be nominated by the Central Government from amongst persons of ability, integrity and
standing who have had experience in law or legislation, trade unionism, management of an industry potential
of women, women‘ s voluntary organisations ( including women activist ), administration, economic
development, health, education or social welfare; Provided that at least one Member each shall be from
amongst persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes respectively;
(c) A Member-Secretary to be nominated by the Central Government
National Commission for protection of Child rights does not have any reservation for women.
Child Welfare Committees
As per the provisions of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2000 (amended in 2006)
State governments are required to establish a CWC or two in ever district. Each CWC should consist of a

chairperson and four members. The chairperson should be a person well versed in child welfare issues and at
least one member of the board should be a woman. The CWC has the same powers as a metropolitan
magistrate or a judicial magistrate of the first class. A child can be brought before the committee (or a member
of the committee if necessary) by a police officer, any public servant, CHILDLINE personnel, any social worker
or public spirited citizen, or by the child himself/herself.
31. Solution: c)
Aircraft CAN significantly reduce their role in global warming by choosing the correct flight route. When an
aircraft passes through a region in the sky where the air is extremely cold and moist, a condensation trail
(contrail) gets formed and stays for hours. Like normal clouds, contrails prevent heat from escaping the planet.
Such cold and moist air in the sky is found around high pressure systems. If aircraft can avoid such regions,
they can prevent formation of contrail. Studies have shown that global warming caused by contrails could be
as large as that caused by carbon dioxide emissions from aircraft.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrail#Contrails_and_climate
32. Solution: c)
Chipko movement is important this year for both Prelims and coming mains.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipko_movement
Kittiko-Hachchiko movement - In 1984, the Karnataka government set up a company called Karnataka
Pulpwood Limited. About 30,000 hectares of land was given virtually free to this company for 40 years. Much
of this land was used by local farmers as grazing land for their cattle. However the company began to plant
eucalyptus trees on this land, which could be used for making paper pulp. In 1987, a movement called Kittiko-
Hachchiko (meaning, pluck and plant) started a non-violent protest, where people plucked the eucalyptus
plants and planted saplings of trees that were useful to the people.
33. Solution: d)
Pressure groups are meant to raise political issues. A political issue is any issue that affects the power
distribution in a society. The means can be giving speeches, mobilizing people, meeting the political executive
putting up their demands etc. For e.g. the Student Unions which fight for rights of the students raise
essentially political issues.
But, these organizations do not seek for themselves a share in institutional political power (legislature,
executive etc.).

34. Solution: b)
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/combing-operation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitosan
35. Solution: d)
The Election commission offers special facilities for large, established and thus recognized parties. They are
rebate on land, tax exemption, a publicity slot on all-India radio, a unique election symbol etc.
A party that has government in a state can also be recognized as a national party like BSP. The criteria is that it
should get more than 6% of total votes in the general election in at least four states.
36. Solution: d)
Over the last three decades, the number and strength of these parties has expanded. This made the Parliament
of India politically more and more diverse. No one national party is able to secure on its own a majority in Lok
Sabha (except the last general elections 2014). As a result, the national parties are compelled to form alliances
with State parties. Since 1996, nearly every one of the State parties has got an opportunity to be a part of one or
the other national level coalition government. This has contributed to the strengthening of federalism and
democracy in our country.
37. Solution: b)
The ECI only implements whatever directives re framed. It does not have the power to issue such powerful
directives. This directive came out in a SC judgement.
38. Solution: a)
Refer to http://adamcap.com/schoolwork/what-makes-democracy-work/ for a comprehensive evaluation of

democracy. It‘s a good article.
39. Solution: d)
Evidence across history and countries, shows that democracies have generally have lower rates of economic
growth than dictatorships. This is because of their collective decision-making structures and the number of
filters, and tests that these decisions have to pass. Moreover, democracies often follow a middle path between
the road to economic growth and environmental sustainability. This is to achieve economic equity and mete
out justice to all sections of society.

40. Solution: a)
An example of this can be Sri Lanka. Even though it is a democratic state, the majoritarianism by the Sinhalese
community has been threatening the very existence of a total integrated SL state. The SL tamils have been
raising their voice both violently and non-violently for a long period of time. This has also resulted in a civil
war. If they will be always denied a share in political power, SL can no longer be called a democracy.
41. Solution: b)
The STRENGTHof a material decreases with its density. But it is possible to construct a super strong structure
using a material of very low density by arranging vertical, diagonal and horizontal beams in a way that the
weight load gets distributed. This geometric concept has been known for decades, but it is for the first time
actual models of polymer, ceramic and metals have been created which are unusually strong for their
densities. The design could be used for constructing structures deployed in the space as carrying heavy load
increases the cost of the launch.
42. Solution: d)
A democracy needs to deepen and widen in order to a) include more left out groups in decision-making
process; and b) devolve more power to self-govern via decentralization of decision-making process. These two
ensure greater democracy in the country. And this is the challenge most successful democracies will face in the
coming years including India and U.S.
Extension of the federal principle means nothing but giving the local government similar autonomy and
authority as that of the state governments in India.
43. Solution: b)
A salt-water lake separated from the sea by the sandbars and spits is called lagoon. Lagoons are commonly
divided into coastal lagoons and a toll lagoons. They have also been identified as occurring on mixed-sand and
gravel coastlines. There is an overlap between bodies of water classified as coastal lagoons and bodies of water
classified as estuaries. Lagoons are common coastal features around the world.
44. Solution: b)
Education and forests come in the concurrent list. Banking is in the Union list. Rest fall in the state list as these
matters need to be sensitive to local needs. No national uniformity is required whether in laws or policies as
far as the state list subjects are concerned.

45. Solution: d)
A country can not be federal just because it has several provinces. Even Britain has provinces for that matter,
but is not federal. The conditions for being a federation has already been explained in the previous
explanations.
46. Solution: a)
Lesser Himalayas -While the Pir Panjal range forms the longest and the most important range, the Dhaula Dhar
and the Mahabharat ranges are also prominent ones. The famous valley of Kashmir, the Kangra and Kullu
Valley are located in Himachal Pradesh. This region is well known for its hill stations.
47. Solution: b)
In the lower course, due to gentle slope, the velocity of the river decreases which results in the formation of
riverine islands. Majuli, in the Brahmaputra River is the largest inhabited riverine island in the world.
The rivers in their lower course split into numerous channels due to the deposition of silt. These channels are
known as distributaries.
These phenomena can be seen in the Northern Plains.
48. Solution: c)
A SMALL,PORTABLE and inexpensive device to detect nuclear radiation has been created for public use. The
device was developed following the nuclear accident in Fukushima in 2011 as people in Japan were unsure of
radiation levels in their homes, food, water and environment. The instrument is a gamma ray spectrometer
and can also measure radiations other than nuclear which everyone is exposed to in day-to-day life. The device
can even give information about the intensity of the radiation and identify the type of radionuclide (atom with
unstable nucleus) emitting it. It can also tell if the radiation levels are dangerous. The radiation detector is not
yet commercially available, but is expected to be priced at less than $150.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray_spectrometer#Planetary_gamma-ray_spectrometers
49. Solution: a)
According to the variations in relief features, the Northern plains can be divided into four regions. The rivers,
after descending from the mountains deposit pebbles in a narrow belt of about 8 to 16 km in width lying
parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks. It is known as bhabar. All the streams disappear in this bhabar belt. South
of this belt, the streams and rivers re-emerge and create a wet, swampy and marshy region known as terai. This

was a thickly forested region full of wildlife. The forests have been cleared to create agricultural land and to
settle migrants from Pakistan after partition.
The Terai is the most productive region in Nepal with the majority of the country's industries. Agriculture is
the basis of the economy. Major crops include rice, wheat , pulses , sugarcane , jute , tobacco, and maize. In the
eastern districts from Parsa to Jhapa they support agro-based industries: jute factories, sugar mills, rice mills
and tobacco factories.
You may refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terai
50. Solution: c)
Rising carbon dioxide levels are lowering the nutritional quality of food crops. For the first time, it has been
shown through a field study that elevated carbon dioxide levels curb plants‘ ability to convert nitrates into
proteins.
The study used wheat samples grown in Phoenix, Arizona, US, under carbon dioxide levels expected in the
next few decades. Three different test on the plant leaf showed a fall in nitrate assimilation. On an average, the
increased carbon dioxide levels caused a decline of 8 per cent in protein concentration of the crop. The study
was published in Nature Climate Change on April 6.
Proteins are vital for human nutrition and wheat accounts for one-fourth of protein in human diet globally. In
previous studies, food crops such as rice and barley have also shown a similar fall in protein content due to
high carbon dioxide levels. Researchers estimate that the increase in carbon dioxide levels could lead to a 3 per
cent reduction in protein content in the human diet.
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/crops-losing-protein
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/05/140507-crops-nutrition-climate-change-carbon-dioxide-
science/
51. Solution: c)
Shevroy hills are a detached portion of the Eastern ghats; and Javadi hills are extension of the Eastern Ghats.
Refer to http://westernghat.org/
52. Solution: a)
SLEEPING WITH the light switched on at night is very harmful for breast cancer patients undergoing
treatment. Exposure to light stops the production of melatonin, a hormone produced in the body only during
night-time. Melatonin is vital to the success of tamoxifen, a widely used breast cancer drug. In absence of
melatonin, tumours become resistant to the drug. Even extremely weak light, comparable to that coming from
beneath the door, is enough to impact melatonin production. Analysis of rats implanted with human breast
cancer cells showed that melatonin on its own delays tumour formation and brings down their growth rate.
The study could make exposure to light a new variable in cancer research. It also has implications for people
who work late in the night, or sit for long hours in front of television or computer screen
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin#Plants
53. Solution: d)
http://www.defenders.org/coral-reef/basic-facts
54. Solution: d)
A river starts meandering only when it has become slow and bed erosion has reduced or become almost zero.
At such points the tendency for bank erosion is high.

55. Solution: d)
Main features of the Himalayan Rivers :
i. Himalayan rivers have large basins.
ii. Many of them make spectacular gorges.
iii. They are perennial in nature.
iv. They perform intensive erosional activities upstream and carry large amount of load of sand and silt.
v. In plains they iluw forming large meanders due to gentle scope.
vi. They form numerous depositional features like flood plain, river bluffs and levees.
A levee, embankment, floodbank or stopbank is an elongated naturally occurring ridge or artificially

constructed fill or wall, which regulates water levels. It is usually earthen and often parallel to the course of
a river in its floodplain or along low-lying coastlines
56. Solution: d)
Indian Space Research Organisation, fresh from the success of its Mars mission, has unveiled its next mundane
campaign starting with the launch of the third regional navigation satellite on Oct. 10.
IRNSS-1C will be the third piece in the Indian navigation fleet dubbed the ―Indian GPS‖.

It will be flown on the indigenous PSLV-C26 rocket from Sriharikota at 1.56 a.m., according to an ISRO update
on Wednesday.
The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System is a seven-satellite fleet. It is being put up to ensure precise
information on location and time for civil and military users on land, sea and air.
It will also help manage transport fleet, provide aid for hikers and travellers, in disaster management, cell
phone applications, mapping and driving. It can also support operations within a radius of 1,500 km in the
sub-continent. The navigation fleet forms the troika of Indian satellites along with communication and earth
observation (remote sensing) satellites. IRNSS-1A was sent to space in July 2013 and 1B in April this year.
ISRO plans to complete the navigation ring within two years.
57. Solution: a)
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/lockheed-makes-breakthrough-in-nuclear-
fusion/article6505488.ece
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tritium
58. Solution: c)
In Tibet the Brahmputra carries a smaller volume of water and less silt as it is a cold and a dry area. In India it
passes through a region of high rainfall.
Here the river carries a large volume of water and considerable amount of silt. The Brahmaputra has a braided
channel in its entire length in Assam and forms many riverine islands. Every year during the rainy season, the
river overflows its banks, causing widespread devastation due to floods in Assam and Bangladesh. Unlike
other north Indian rivers the Brahmaputra is marked by huge deposits of silt on its bed causing the river bed
to rise. The river also shifts its channel frequently.
Moreover, it meets several tributaries in India like Lohit, Dihang etc. due to which the overall discharge of the
river increases considerably.
59. Solution: b)
The IMPACT of exposure to pesticide methoxychlor stays for generations and can cause diseases related to the
kidney and ovaries. Methoxychlor was introduced in 1948 as a safer alternative to DDT. However, it is known
to disrupt the endocrine system. Scientists suspect that the transgenerational impact of methoxychloris due to
its ability to control how genes are turned on and off, even though it does not have an impact on the DNA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methoxychlor
60. Solution: d)
The main water divide in Peninsular India is formed by the Western Ghats, which runs from north to south
close to the western coast. Most of the major rivers of the Peninsula such as the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the
Krishna and the Kaveri flow eastwards and drain into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers make deltas at their
mouths. There are numerous small streams flowing west of the Western Ghats. The Narmada and the Tapi are
the only long rivers, which flow west and make esturies. The drainage basins of the peninsular rivers are
comparitevely small in size.
The Narmada Basin
The Narmada rises in the Amarkantak hills in Madhya Pradesh. It flows towards the west in a rift valley
formed due to faulting. On its way to the sea, the Narmada creates many picturesque locations. The ‗Marble
rocks‘, near Jabalpur where the Narmada flows through a deep gorge, and the ‗Dhuadhar falls‘ where the river
plunges over steep rocks, are some of the notable ones.
61. Solution: d)
Healthy lakes and their shores not only provide us with a number of environmental benefits but they influence
our quality of life and they strengthen our economy.
Proper lake function can ease the impact of floods and droughts by storing large amounts of water and
releasing it during shortages. Lakes also work to replenish groundwater, positively influence water quality of
downstream watercourses, and preserve the biodiversity and habitat of the area. When the ecological puzzle
pieces of a lake come together and the lake is able to work as it should, the big picture is clear, we all stand to
benefit from this important resource.
Lakes can provide us with prime opportunities for recreation, tourism, and cottage or residential living. They
are also respected by many people for their historical and traditional values and may be a source of raw
drinking water for a municipality. Lakes can also be used as a water supply for industry and an irrigation
source for agriculture.
So you see lakes are more than just a simple body of water used by many people to enjoy recreational
activities. They are important ecosystems that, when respected and cared for, can sustain a healthy balance of
aquatic life, provide us with much enjoyment, and help support our socio-economic needs. It is our
responsibility to continue to practice stewardship in our lakes by keeping them healthy for all, especially those
who depend on them.

62. Solution: d)
63. Solution: d)
The Himalayas harbour a hardy range of animals, which survive in extreme cold. Ladhak‘s freezing high
altitudes are a home to yak, the shaggy horned wild ox weighing around one tonne, the Tibetan antelope, the
bharal (blue sheep), wild sheep, and the kiang (Tibetan wild ass). Furhtermore, the ibex, bear, snow-leopard
and very rare red panda are found in certain pockets.
64. Solution: c)
Solar CELLS can reach a temperature of 130o Celcius under normal operating conditions and for every degree
rise in temperature, their efficiency decreases by about half a per cent. But the problem of overheating can be
overcome by covering the cell with an extremely thin layer of silica glass embedded with microscopic
pyramidical structures. By controlling the shape of the pyramids the infrared light of the sun, which is the
primary carrier of heat, can be radiated back into the atmosphere.
65. Solution: a)
Explanation for this and the next question are same.

66. Solution: d)
Explanation in the map below. The Map shows wildlife reserves of India.
67. Solution: d)
Project Tiger, Project Rhino, Project Great Indian Bustard and many other eco-developmental projects have
been introduced.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_Lion_Reintroduction_Project
68. Solution: c)
Land boundary – around 7,000 Kms
Coastline (including Andaman, Nicobar and Lakshadweep ) – more than 15,000 Kms

India has the largest border with Bangladesh not Pakistan or China.
Bangladesh = 4,053 km
Burma = 1,463 km
Bhutan = 605 km
China = 3,380 km
Pakistan = 2,912 km
69. Solution: d)
Himalayas are fold mountains formed by the collision of the Indian plate with the European plate. As they are
fairly young, all the features associated with young mountains having soft rocks are seen in Himalayas.
Therefore, Himalayan mountains form an unstable zone.
Refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas#Geology for understanding it better through several

diagrams and explanations.
70. Solution: a)
The general physiographic divisions from south to north are:
1. The outer Himalayas (Shivalik)
2. The lesser Himalayas (central zone)
3. The Great Himalayas (northern zone)
The Shivalik range consists of lower hills (elevation — 600 m above sea level). The hills of the region are
composed of highly unconsolidated deposits which results in a high rate of erosion and deforestation.
The lesser Himalayas are spotted by a gradual elevation towards the Dhauladhar and the Pir Panjal ranges.
The rise is more rapid in the Shimla hills, to the south of which is the high peak of church — Chandni (3647 m).
North of the river Sutlej, the rise is steady.
The Kangra valley is a longitudinal trough which is at the foot of the Dhauladhar range. Dhauladhar (which
means the The White Peak) has a mean elevation of nearly 4,550 meters. It has a rapid rise of 3,600 m above
the Kangra valley. The largest of the lesser Himalayan ranges, the Pir Panjal, branches off from the
Greater Himalayan range near the bank of the Sutlej. A number of glaciers exist and several passes lie across
the Pir Panjal. The Rohtang Pass (3,978 m) is one of these.
The Great Himalayan range (5,000 to 6,000 meters) runs along the eastern boundary and is slashed across by
the Sutlej. Some of the famous passes in this range are Kangla (5,248 m), Bara Lacha (4,512 m), Parang (5,548 m)
and Pin Parbati (4,802 m).
The Zaskar Range, the easternmost range, separates Kinnaur and Spiti from Tibet. It has peaks rising over an
elevation up to 6,500 m. Some of the well-known peaks are Shilla (7,026 m) and Riwo Phargyul (6,791 m); these

are among the highest peaks in this range. There are many glaciers over the Zaskar and the Great Himalayan
ranges.
71. Solution: b)
http://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/populations/ctypopls.htm
Use the arrows (adobe flash) to sort the list increasing or decreasing by every criteria mentioned.
For e.g. you will find that India has the 19th highest population density!!!
72. Solution: a)
More than 130 delegates comprising top policymakers, leading scientists and representatives from stakeholder
groups gathered in Berlin on October 23 for the Global Intergovernmental and Multi-stakeholder meeting of
the sixth Global Environment Outlook (GEO6) report.An initiative of the United Nations Environment
Programme, GEO assesses the state, trends and outlook of the world‘s environment.
The fifth edition of the report, which was launched in 2012 during Rio+20 Summit, revealed that out of the 90
most significant environmental goals, progress had been made on only four. Building on that information,
GEO6, expected to be launched in mid-2017, will take into account regional assessment processes and attempt
to analyse policies that will help attain these unfinished goals, states a UNEP press release.
The delegates advocated the use of innovative technologies, capacity-building, incorporation of indigenous
knowledge and state-of-the-art technical analysis. They hope GEO6 will provide a more inclusive assessment
of the environment. The underlying approach of this platform will be the perspective that the environment is
inextricably linked to sustainable development.
GEO is a series of reports on the state of the global environment that is released periodically by UNEP. Five
reports have been published so far—from GEO1 in 1997 to GEO5 in 2012. Geo6 will provide scientific evidence
and future-looking environmental policy perspectives to contribute to UNEP‘s mission to enhance
development.
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/un-prepares-launch-global-environment-outlook-report
73. Solution: d)
The information on literacy was collected in all censuses. The definition of literacy had been 'both ability to
read and write in any language. In all the censuses besides data on literacy, additional information was also
collected. In 1872 the information about 'youths upto age 20 attending school, college or under private tuition'
was recorded. In 1881 Census, the information was collected whether the individuals were under instruction
or not, if not, whether they were able to read and write. In 1891 Census, besides the information regarding the
language in which the person was literate the foreign language known (if any) was also recorded. From 1901 to
1941 censuses, there was an additional question whether the literate knew English or not. Information on the
standard of education was collected for the first time in 1941 census and after that it was asked in every
subsequent censuses. In 1971 the information on Literacy and Educational level was collected from each
individual.
74. Solution: d)
http://populationcommission.nic.in/PublicationDetails/11_984_1.aspx
75. Solution: d)
There are six major controls of the climate of any place. They are: latitude, altitude, pressure and wind
system, distance from the sea (continentality), ocean currents and relief features.
Due to the curvature of the earth, the amount of solar energy received varies according to latitude. As a result,
air temperature decreases from the equator towards the poles. As one goes from the surface of the earth to
higher altitudes, the atmosphere becomes less dense and temperature decreases. The hills are therefore cooler
during summers. The pressure and wind system of any area depend on the latitude and altitude of the place.
Thus it influences the temperature and rainfall pattern. The sea exerts a moderating influence on climate: As
the distance from the sea increases, its moderating influence decreases and the people experience extreme
weather conditions. This condition is known as continentality (i.e. very hot during summers and very cold
during winters). Ocean currents along with onshore winds affect the climate of the coastal areas, For example,
any coastal area with warm or cold currents flowing past it, will be warmed or cooled if the winds are onshore.
76. Solution: a)
Particle pollution (also known as "particulate matter") in the air includes a mixture of solids and liquid
droplets. Some particles are emitted directly; others are formed in the atmosphere when other pollutants react.
Particles come in a wide range of sizes. Those less than 10 micrometers in diameter (PM10) are so small that
they can get into the lungs, potentially causing serious health problems. Ten micrometers is smaller than the
width of a single human hair.
 Fine particles (PM2.5). Particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter are called "fine" particles. These
particles are so small they can be detected only with an electron microscope. Sources of fine particles
include all types of combustion, including motor vehicles, power plants, residential wood burning,
forest fires, agricultural burning, and some industrial processes.
 Coarse dust particles. Particles between 2.5 and 10 micrometers in diameter are referred to as "coarse."
Sources of coarse particles include crushing or grinding operations, and dust stirred up by vehicles
traveling on roads.

77. Solution: c)
India has mountains to the north, which have an average height of about 6,000 metres. India also has a vast
coastal area where the maximum elevation is about 30 metres. The Himalayas prevent the cold winds from
Central Asia from entering the subcontinent. It is because of these mountains that this subcontinent
experiences comparatively milder winters as compared to central Asia.
78. Solution: b)
http://geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/a/coriolis.htm
79. Solution: a)
The monsoons are experienced in the tropical area roughly between 20° N and 20° S. To understand the
mechanism of the monsoons, the following facts are important.
(a) The differential heating and cooling of land and water creates low pressure on the landmass of India
while the seas around experience comparatively high pressure.
(b) The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in summer, over the Ganga plain
(this is the equatorial trough normally positioned about 5°N of the equator – also known as the
monsoontrough during the monsoon season).
(c) The presence of the high-pressure area, east of Madagascar, approximately at 20°S over the Indian Ocean.
The intensity and position of this high-pressure area affects the Indian Monsoon.
(d) The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during summer, which results in strong vertical air currents
and the formation of high pressure over the plateau at about 9 km above sea level.
(e) The movement of the westerly jet stream to the north of the Himalayas and the presence of the tropical
easterly jet stream over the Indian peninsula during summer.
80. Solution: a)
The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ,) is a broad trough of low pressure in equatorial latitudes. This is
where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge. This convergence zone lies more or less parallel
to the equator but moves north or south with the apparent movement of the sun.
81. Solution: a)
El Nino: This is a name given to the periodic development of a warm ocean current along the coast of Peru as a
temporary replacement of the cold Peruvian current. ‗El Nino‘ is a Spanish word meaning ‗the child‘, and

refers to the baby Christ, as this current starts flowing during Christmas. The presence of the El Nino leads to
an increase in sea-surface temperatures and weakening of the trade winds in the region.
82. Solution: d)
First two question statements are Self-explanatory.
Third statement explanation: The low-pressure conditions, over northwestern India, get transferred to the Bay
of Bengal by early November. This shift is associated with the occurrence of cyclonic depressions, which
originate over the Andaman Sea. These cyclones generally cross the eastern coasts of India cause heavy and
widespread rain. These tropical cyclones are often very destructive.
83. Solution: a)
The molecules of air and other fine particles in the atmosphere have size smaller than the wavelength of visible
light. These are more effective in scattering light of shorter wavelengths at the blue end than light of longer
wavelengths at the red end. The red light has a wavelength about 1.8 times greater than blue light. Thus, when
sunlight passes through the atmosphere, the fine particles in air scatter the blue colour (shorter wavelengths)
more strongly than red. The scattered blue light enters our eyes. If the earth had no atmosphere, there would
not have been any scattering. Then, the sky would have looked dark. The sky appears dark to passengers
flying at very high altitudes, as scattering is not prominent at such heights. You might have observed that
‗danger‘ signal lights are red in colour. Do you know why? The red is least scattered by fog or smoke.
Therefore, it can be seen in the same colour at a distance.
84. Solution: d)
Already explained in the previous question.
85. Solution: d)

More than 75 per cent infants in India suffer from anaemia or iron deficiency, says a National Family Health
Survey conducted in 2006. The problem can be reduced substantially if doctors wait for two to three minutes
before cutting the umbilical cord during childbirth. Unfortunately, most doctors prefer not to wait before they
clamp the cord.
The umbilical cord provides nutrition and blood to the baby from the mother. For many years, researchers
have pointed out that delaying cutting of the umbilical cord is good for the health of the baby. If the cord is cut
at least two minutes after the birth of the child, the baby can take in more blood from the placenta, which
makes the infant stronger. This delay also helps the baby fight iron deficiency (see ‗Especially good for babies
of anaemic mothers‘).
According to the World Health Organization guidelines, doctors should wait till the ―cord is flat and
pulseless.‖ That happens two to three minutes after birth. Even the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
recommends delayed cord clamping (DCC) in the current national guidelines for the care of newborn and has
incorporated the practice in all its training modules in the past two years. Despite clear guidelines, most
doctors do not practise DCC.
One of the reasons behind the non-compliance has been the assumption that the baby has to be held in the
introitus position (at the level of vagina) for DCC because gravity affects the volume of placental transfusion
through the umbilical cord. This is often cited by doctors as a difficult posture to strike, especially with a
slippery baby in gloved hands. But a new study by Nestor E Vain and his colleagues from School of Medicine,
University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, provides a solution.
86. Solution: a)
87. Solution: c)
Electric fuse is an important component of all domestic circuits. A fuse in a circuit prevents damage to the
appliances and the circuit due to overloading. Overloading can occur when the live wire and the neutral wire
come into direct contact. (This occurs when the insulation of wires is damaged or there is a fault in the
appliance.) In such a situation, the current in the circuit abruptly increases. This is called short-circuiting. The
use of an electric fuse prevents the electric circuit and the appliance from a possible damage by stopping the
flow of unduly high electric current.

88. Solution: b)
India is yet to implement Air Quality Index. In October 2014 it released a draft policy regarding this:
Key highlights of the proposed index:
 Pollutants to be monitored: The AQI has been developed for eight pollutants – PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen
oxides, sulphur dioxide, ozone, and carbon monoxide. The ministry has also taken additional steps to
include lead and ammonia, that also have harmful effects over time.
 Colour coded warning: AQI has been developed in relation to the Ambient Air Quality Standards and
air quality has been classified into six bands and described simply as good, satisfactory, moderately
polluted, poor, very poor, and severe. Each band has cut points of concentration with a colour code to
visually express the level of severity that people can understand easily. This recognises the principle
that from a public health standpoint, even air quality standards that are the regulatory targets to push
action are not good enough. From that perspective, air quality is classified as good if the pollution
levels are at least 50 per cent below the regulatory standards. This will be reported daily by the state
pollution control boards.
 Health advisory to raise public awareness: The government will now issue health alerts to people
based on air quality index. Possible health consequences of each air quality band will be indicated
separately to alert the vulnerable—especially the elderly, children, and those already predisposed
towards heart and respiratory problems. This will also indicate health consequences for general public
during severe smoggy episodes. For instance, good air quality days will have minimal impact. On days
that are satisfactory, it may cause minor breathing discomfort to sensitive people. On severely polluted
days there may be respiratory impacts even on healthy people, and serious health impacts with lung
and heart disease and so on.
 National implementation: AQI will be implemented nationally in cities with million plus population
first and then the next rung in the next phase.
http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/india-finally-get-national-air-quality-index
http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-10-25/news/55422072_1_cpcb-air-quality-index-
monitoring
89. Solution: a)

90. Solution: a)
There are some units of the Indian Union which enjoy very little power. These are areas which are too small to
become an independent State but which could not be merged with any of the existing States. These areas, like
Chandigarh, or Lakshadweep or the capital city of Delhi, are called Union Territories. These territories do not
have the powers of a State. The Central Government has special powers in running these areas. Therefore,
option 3 has no connection with the Principle of federalism.
Rest two options ensure that the state government is not subordinated by the Union government.
91. Solution: b)
DNA cage for drugs
DNA complexes can help deliver cancer drugs only to affected cells

CANCER TREATMENT has serious side-effects because drugs, apart from attacking cancerous tissues, also
expose non-target tissues to chemicals. To overcome this problem, researchers often look for methods to
deliver the drug only to the affected areas. Now, liposomes, artificially prepared structures having lipid
bilayers around them, are being tested for this. The therapy uses two sets of liposomes, one containing
adenosine-5-triphosphate (ATP, or the energy molecule) and the other containing an anti-cancer drug
embedded in a complex of DNA. The liposomes target the cancerous cells. Once absorbed into a cancer cell,
the liposomes are sealed off from the rest of the cell in a special structure called endosome. In the acidic
environment inside the endosome, the two types of liposomes fuse together and with the wall of the
endosome. When the DNA molecules come into contact with ATP, they unfold using the energy from ATP and
release the drug from its DNA cage in the cell, killing it
92. Solution: c)
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/comet-siding-spring-isro-repositions-its-mars-
orbiter/article6505153.ece
93. Solution: d)
Sugarcane plants are one of the most efficient convertors of sunlight into chemical energy. Sugarcane juice can
be used to prepare molasses which is fermented to give alcohol (ethanol). Some countries now use alcohol as
an additive in petrol since it is a cleaner fuel which gives rise to only carbon dioxide and water on burning in
sufficient air (oxygen).
http://www.plasmaneem.com/neem-alternative-biofuel.html
94. Solution: d)
Refer to the section on Power sharing in the 1st chapter 10th Polity NCERT. The explanation is very long and it
is suitable to refer to the NCERT directly.
95. Solution: d)
Explanation is same as that of question 2.
96. Solution: d)
Explanation will again be the same as the previous question as we are dealing with the same concept that has
been properly explained previously.

DoPT is an administrative agency (executive); CAT is a judicial body. Both deal with personnel matters. Hence
the separation of powers.
97. Solution: d)
Refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrimination_against_girls_in_India for a detailed understanding.
98. Solution: d)
Consider the following:
 Gandhiji used to say that religion can never be separated from politics. What he meant by religion was
not any particular religion like Hinduism or Islam but moral values that inform all religions. He
believed that politics must be guided by ethics drawn from religion.
 Human rights groups in our country have argued that most of the victims of communal riots in our
country are people from religious minorities. They have demanded that the government take special
steps to protect religious minorities.
 Women‘s movement has argued that FAMILY LAWS of all religions discriminate against women. So
they have demanded that government should change these laws to make them more equitable.
These are all examples to shows that religion and politics can not be separated.
99. Solution: d)
Bhangar:
1. It is the largest part of Northern plain.
2. It is made up of alluvium.
3. The soil in this region is not renewed frequently, it is old alluvial soil.
4. It is not very fertile.
5. It contains calcareous deposits locally known as 'Kankar '.
Khadar:
1. It is not the largest part of Northern plain.
2. It is made up of new alluvium and fine granules and therefore fertile.
3. The soil is frequently renewed due to frequent flooding.
4. It does not contain calcareous deposits of calcium.
5. Suitable foe extensive cultivation.

100. Solution: a)
The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats mark the western and the eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau
respectively. Western Ghats lie parallel to the western coast. They are continuous and can be crossed through
passes only. The Western Ghats are higher than the Eastern Ghats. Their average elevation is 900– 1600 metres
as against 600 metres of the Eastern Ghats. The Eastern Ghats stretch from the Mahanadi Valley to the Nigiris
in the south. The Eastern Ghats are discontinuous and irregular and dissected by rivers draining into the Bay
of Bengal. The Western Ghats cause orographic rain by facing the rain bearing moist winds to rise along the
western slopes of the Ghats.

INSIGHTS ON INDIA MOCK PRELIMINARY EXAM - 2015
INSIGHTS ON INDIA MOCK TEST - 5

GENERAL STUDIES
PAPER-I
Time Allowed: 2 Hours Maximum Marks: 200
INSTRUCTIONS
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CHECK THAT THIS TEST BOOKLET DOES NOT HAVE ANY UNPRINTED OR TORN OR MISSING
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2. You have to enter your Roll Number on the Test
Booklet in the Box provided alongside. DO NOT
Write anything else on the Test Booklet.
4. This Test Booklet contains 200 items (questions). Each item is printed only in English. Each item
comprises four responses (answers). You will select the response which you want to mark on the
Answer Sheet. In case you feel that there is more than one correct response, mark the response which
you consider the best. In any case, choose ONLY ONE response for each item.
5. You have to mark all your responses ONLY on the separate Answer Sheet provided. See directions in
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http://insightsonindia.com
INSIGHTS ON INDIA MOCK TEST SERIES FOR CIVIL SERVICES PRELIMINARY EXAM 2015

1. The conflict between the Sinhalese and the 4. Consider the following statements
Tamil community in Sri Lanka has been 1. Colourful and shiny scales of insects and
going on since Sri Lankan independence. fishes is because of the presence of
Which of the measures were taken by the fluorescent protein
Sinhalese community government post- 2. Scales of fishes emit light of their own as
independence which went against the Tamil a product of their own biological
community? activities
1. Sinhala was accepted as the official
language of SL, disregarding Tamil. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
2. The new constitution stipulated that the
a) 1 Only
state shall protect and foster Buddhism.
b) 2 Only
3. Preferential policy for Sinhalese in
c) Both
government jobs.
d) None
Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
5. Which of these areas receive “low” rainfall
a) 1 and 2 as per IMD estimates?
b) 2 and 3 1. East of Sahyadri Hills
c) 1 and 3 2. Leh in J&K.
d) All of the above 3. Interior of the Deccan Plateau
2. Consider the following statements Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
1. Europium is a heavy metal
a) 1 and 2
2. Europium is widely used in the
b) 2 and 3
manufacture of CFL bulbs
c) 1 and 3
3. Europium is as toxic as mercury for
d) All of the above
biological species
Which of the above statements is/are correct? 6. The Delta region of the Eastern coast are
often struck by cyclones in Winter because
a) 1 and 2 Only of
b) 2 and 3 Only a) Low pressure conditions over Bay of
c) Only 2 Bengal; and cyclonic depressions near
d) All are correct Andaman
b) Presence of strong Westerly jet tropical
3. Which of these countries practice cyclones near the eastern coasts
federalism? c) Presence of strong Easterly jet tropical
1. Pakistan cyclones near the eastern coasts
2. Russia d) High pressure conditions over the
3. Brazil eastern coasts and emergence of cyclonic
depressions near Bay of Bengal
7. The refraction of light is responsible for
a) 1 and 2
which of the following phenomena?
b) 2 and 3
1. Twinkling of stars
c) 1 and 3
2. Apparent delayed sunset
d) All of the above
3. Mirage

Choose the correct answer using the codes below: b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
a) 1 and 2 d) All of the above
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 11. Consider the following statements:
d) All of the above 1. Where rocks are soft, a drainage system
becomes rectangular in pattern.
8. Burning LPG or candle produce flame, but 2. Himalayan rivers have well-formed
burning coal does not because deltas.
a) coal is a complex hydrocarbon 3. The Peninsular Rivers have shorter and
b) coal requires much more heat than LPG shallower courses than the Himalayan
or candle, so it absorbs the flames counterparts.
c) a flame is only produced when gaseous
substances burn Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
d) Both (a) and (b)
a) 1 and 2
9. Consider the following statements. b) 2 and 3
1. In the Unitary model of government, c) 1 and 3
there cannot be more than one level of d) All of the above
government.
2. In federal model of government, each 12. Consider the following statements:
tier of government‟s existence and
Assertion (A): The panchayati raj in India is based
authority is constitutionally determined.
on the principle of federalism.
3. In a federal model of government, the
constituent units are not sub-ordinate to Reason (R): It has been established by the
the Central authority. constitution and exercises administrative and
taxation powers independent of Central and State
government.
a) 1 and 2
In the context of the above statements, which of
b) 2 and 3
these is/are true?
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above a) A and R both are true, and R is the correct
explanation for A.
10. Consider the following statements about b) A and R both are true, and R is the NOT the
drainage patterns: correct explanation for A.
1. The dendritic pattern develops where c) A is incorrect, but R is correct.
the river channel follows the slope of the d) A and R both incorrect.
terrain.
2. Trellis pattern is formed when a river is 13. It has been found that, kelp forests, home to
joined by its tributaries, at many unique and economically important
approximately right angles. species, have been destroyed by a growing
3. Trellis pattern develops where large and population of herbivorous sea urchins. This
soft rocks exist parallel to each other. might be because of:
a) Decrease in population of sharks
b) Decrease in population of whales
a) 1 and 2 c) Decrease in populations of sea otters
d) Increase in population of small fishes
14. Which of the following directions by the 17. While dealing with social divisions, several
Central government (CG), if given, to the adjustments have to be made in a
state governments (SGs) would go against democracy. In this context, which of the
the Indian federal structure? following statements is NOT true about
1. CG forces SGs to adopt a specific policy democracy?
in dealing with naxalism. 1. Democracy always leads to
2. CG decides to launch a defence missile disintegration of society on the basis of
from a particular state, which the state is social divisions.
denying. 2. In a democracy it is possible for
3. CG forces the state to adopt the newly communities to voice their grievances in
introduced Rs. 20 currency note. a peaceful manner.
3. Social divisions get reflected in politics
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: of a country because of the political
competition in that country‟s
a) 1 and 2
democracy.
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
d) 1 only
a) 1 and 2
15. Consider the following statements b) 2 and 3
1. Prozac, is used for the treatment c) 1 only
of major depressive disorder d) None of the above
2. Recently it has been found that Prozac
when entered into the food chain of 18. Consider the following statements
birds, causes negative effects on their 1. Green Economy is one which results in
population improved human well-being and social
equity, while significantly reducing
Which of the above statements is/are correct? environmental risks and ecological
scarcities
a) 1 Only
2. Global Green Economy Index (GGEI)
b) 2 Only
published by the United Nations
c) Both
Environment Programme (UNEP) helps
d) None
in ranking countries based on their
social inclusiveness and reduced carbon
16. Consider the following statements:
footprints
1. Every social difference leads to social
divisions. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
2. Socially homogenous societies do not
have economic differences. a) 1 only
3. Multi-cultural countries necessarily b) 2 Only
have social divisions. c) Both
d) None
19. Which of the following phenomena in
a) 1 and 2
plants show their response to the
b) 2 and 3
environmental stimuli?
c) 1 only
1. Phototropism
d) None of the above
2. Geotropism d) Lead
3. Hydrotropism
23. The eddy covariance (EC) system widely
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: used across the world by scientists is used
for:
a) 1 and 2
a) Speed of ocean currents
b) 2 and 3
b) Frequency of earthquakes in oceans
c) 1 and 3
c) Exchange of gases between atmosphere
d) All of the above
and the earth
20. You are holding a coil shaped metal
solenoid and have connected it to a battery.
24. Which of the following can be classified as
You have a device which beeps with a
“communal” activities?
certain intensity if it finds a magnetic field
1. When religion is expressed in politics in
of certain intensity (higher beep for higher
purely exclusive and partisan terms
field, and lower beep for lower field). As
2. When one religion tries dominating the
you move the device throughout the
other because of chauvinism
solenoid, it will
3. When the demands of one religious
a) Not beep at all.
group are formed in opposition to
b) Will beep in decreasing intensity as you
another and when state power is used to
move it towards the end of solenoid
establish domination of one religious
from the centre.
group over the rest.
c) Will beep in increasing intensity as you
move it towards the end of solenoid Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
from the Centre.
d) The beep intensity will be the same at all a) 1 and 2
points in the solenoid. b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
21. Which of the following would definitely d) All of the above
threaten the democracy of a socially and
culturally diverse nation? 25. Which of the following provisions make
1. Existence of social differences. India a „secular‟ country?
2. Political expression of social differences. 1. There is no official religion for the
3. Economic inequality Indian state.
2. Fundamental rights to holding and
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: propagating religious beliefs
3. The Constitution allows the state to
a) 1 and 2
intervene in the matters of religion in
b) 2 and 3
order to ensure equality within religious
c) 2 only
communities.
a) 1 and 2
22. Which of the following gases is not
b) 2 and 3
considered as a major air pollutant?
c) 1 and 3
a) Carbon Monoxide
d) All of the above
b) Carbon Dioxide
c) Ozone
26. It has been found by scientists that plastic d) Absence of voting rights for women in
pollution in oceans is not growing at the democracies
higher rate they expect it to grow. This is
because of 30. Women in India enjoy reservation in which
a) Consumption of plastic by some species of the following
of diatoms on the ocean surface constitutional/statutory/executive bodies?
b) Accidental consumption of plastic by 1. National Commission for Women
fishes 2. National Commission for Protection of
c) Cleaning efforts made by UNEP Child Rights
d) None of the above 3. Child Welfare Committees
4. Zila panchayat
27. Which of the following personalities is
associated with severely opposing Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
„casteism‟ in India?
a) All of the above
1. Periyar Ramaswami naicker
b) 1, 3 and 4
2. Jyotiba Phule
c) 1 and 4 only
3. Ramakrishna Paramhansa
d) 2 and 3 only
31. With reference to contrails or condensation
a) 1 and 2 trails left behind by aircrafts in atmosphere,
b) 2 and 3 consider the following statements
c) 1 and 3 1. They are often triggered by the water
d) All of the above vapor in the exhaust of aircraft engines
2. They contribute towards more global
28. Which of the following factors could warming
possibly have contributed to the weakening
of caste hierarchies in India? Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. Urbanization
a) 1 Only
2. Growth of literacy and education
b) 2 Only
3. Occupational mobility
c) Both
4. Weakening of the position of landlords
d) None
in villages
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: 32. Match the following popular civil society
movements to their country/place of origin.
a) 1 and 2 only 1. The Green Belt movement – Kenya
b) 1, 2 and 3 only 2. The Chipko movement – Himachal
c) 2, 3 and 4 only Pradesh
d) All of the above 3. Kittiko-Hachchiko – Karnataka
29. „Gender divisions‟ usually refer to: Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
a) Unequal child sex ratio
a) 1 and 2
b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to
b) 2 and 3
men and women
c) 1 and 3
c) Biological difference between men and
d) All of the above
women

33. Consider the following statements about 3. More financial and functional autonomy
pressure groups. to the states.
1. They do not raise political issues.
2. They do not seek to come into political Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
power.
a) 1 and 2
3. They are not involved in political
b) 2 and 3
activities like mobilizing people etc.
c) 1 and 3
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: d) All of the above
a) 1 and 2 37. The order/direction of making mandatory

b) 2 and 3 for every candidate (contesting elections) to
c) 1 and 3 file an AFFIDAVIT giving details of his
d) 2 only property and criminal cases pending
against him was given by?
34. Chitosan, a chemical which is used as bio a) Election Commission of India
pesticide and as a possible biomedical b) Supreme Court
agent, is c) Parliament
a) A naturally occurring chitin like d) The Prime Minister‟s office (PMO)
structure in some insects
b) Artificially made from shells of 38. A Democracy‟s success can be measured by
crustaceans which of the following criteria?
c) A carcinogenic agent 1. Improving the quality of decision-
d) None of the above making for the country.
2. Promoting equality among citizens.
35. Consider the following statements: 3. Providing arenas and methods to
1. The Election Commission treats all resolve conflicts.
parties equally. No special facility is 4. Enhancing the dignity of the individual
offered for large and established parties.
2. „Recognized parties‟ are allotted a Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
unique election symbol by the Election
a) All of the above
Commission.
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
3. A political party that has formed
c) 1 and 2 only
government in a state cannot be
d) 3 and 4 only
recognized as a national party.
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: 39. In contrast to autocracy and
authoritarianism, democracy generally
a) 1 and 2 tends to lead/result in which of the
b) 2 and 3 following?
c) 1 and 3 1. High rate of economic growth
d) 2 only 2. Economic equity
3. Sectarianism
36. Which of the following factors have Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
possibly strengthened federalism in India? a) 1 and 2
1. Rise of coalition politics at the Centre b) 2 and 3
2. Rise of regional parties c) 1 and 3
d) 2 only

a) 1 and 2
40. Consider the following statements: b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
Assertion (A): Democracy remains democracy only d) All of the above
as long as every citizen has a chance of being in
majority at some point of time. 43. Lagoon is
1. fresh-water lake
Reason (R): If someone is barred from being in
2. Separated from the sea by sandbars and
majority at all points of time, on the basis of birth,
spits
caste, religion etc. then the democratic rule ceases
3. considered similar to some of the
to be accommodative for that person or group.
estuaries
In the context of the statements above, which of
these is correct?
a) 1 and 2
a) A and R both are correct, and R is the
b) 2 and 3
correct explanation for A.
c) 1 and 3
b) A and R both are correct, and R is NOT
d) All of the above
the correct explanation for A.
c) A is correct, R is incorrect.
44. Which of the following subjects fall in the
d) A is incorrect, R is correct.
State list under the seventh schedule of the
constitution?
41. Consider the following statements
2. Banking
1. The strength of a material increases with
3. Education
its decreasing density
4. Forests
2. The low dense materials carry more
5. Police
weight when the load is distributed
6. Agriculture
equally across their surface
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) All of the above
a) 1 Only
b) 4 and 5 only
b) 2 Only
c) 2, 3, 4 and 5
c) Both
d) 1, 2 and 3 only
d) None
1. Sri Lanka is a federation because the
42. Which of the following can be said to be an country is divided into provinces.
upcoming challenge for the Indian 2. A country can no longer remain a
democracy? federation if some powers of the States
1. Ensuring greater powers and have been devolved to the local
responsibilities for local governments government bodies.
2. Inclusion of women and minority
groups in political institutions Which of the statements given above are correct?
3. Extension of the federal principle to all
a) 1 only
units of federation
b) 2 only
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: c) Both 1 and 2
d) None
b) 2 and 3
46. The famous valley of Kashmir, the Kangra c) 1 and 3
and Kullu Valley are located in d) All of the above
a) lower Himalayas
b) greater Himalayas 50. Consider the following statements with
c) middle himalays reference to climate change and its effect on
d) None of the above crops
1. Rising carbon dioxide levels lower the
47. Consider the following statements: nutritional quality of food crops
1. Riverine islands are formed where 2. C3 plants are the most vulnerable plants
rivers are fast enough to cut down which produce less nutritious food
sediments from banks. when grown in higher CO2
2. The splitting of rivers in their lower environment
reaches into distributaries is due to the
deposition of silt. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Which of these is/are true? a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only
a) 1 only c) Both
b) 2 only d) None
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None 51. Consider the following statements about
Western Ghats:
48. With reference to gamma ray spectrometer, 1. The height of the Western Ghats
consider the following statements progressively increases from north to
1. It can be used to detect radiation at south.
nuclear accident sites 2. Shevroy and Javadi hills are an
2. It is used in space probes such as Mars extension of the Western Ghats.
missions 3. It is a UNESCO world heritage site.
Which of the above statements is/are correct? Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
a) 1 Only a) 1 and 2
b) 2 Only b) 2 and 3
c) Both c) 1 and 3
d) None d) All of the above
49. Consider the following statements about 52. With reference to Melatonin , consider the
Terai. following statements
1. It is a wet, swampy and marshy region 1. It is a hormone produced in the body
south of Bhabbar. only during the night
2. The Terai region extends to Nepal too 2. It is produced only in mammals
along with India. 3. It is useful in curing some cancers
3. Because of its geographical features, no Which of the above statements is/are correct?
crops can be grown in Terai. a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: c) 1 and 3 Only
d) 2 and 3 Only
a) 1 and 2
53. Consider the following statements about 56. With reference to recently launched satellite
corals. IRNSS-1C, consider the following
1. They live in colonies. statements
2. They grow in shallow, mud-free and 1. It is a fifth satellite which is part of
warm waters. India‟s own navigation system in space
3. Acidification and excessive 2. It was launched by GSLV from Sri
mineralization of water is responsible Harikota
for the bleaching of corals.
4. They provide a large habitat for marine Which of the above statements is/are correct?
species.
a) 1 Only
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: b) 2 Only
c) Both
a) 1 and 2 only d) None
b) 2, 3 and 4
c) 1, 3 and 4 only 57. With reference to nuclear fusion, consider
d) All of the above the following statements
1. Deuterium-tritium fuel is used in
54. Consider the following statements about the nuclear fusion reactors
features made by a river. 2. Ultra-dense deuterium, an isotope of
1. Ox-bow lakes are formed at the upper hydrogen, is found in the earth‟s oceans
courses of a river. 3. Tritium which is also an isotope of
2. Rivers form meanders in the end of the hydrogen is abundantly available in
lower course of the river. many desert regions of the earth
3. Bank erosion is higher when the river
starts meandering than when it does Which of the above statements is/are correct?
not.
a) 1 and 2 Only
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: b) 2 and 3 Only
c) 1 and 3 Only
a) 1 and 2 d) All
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 58. Brahmaputra River is often flooded in India,
d) Only 3 but not in Tibet. What can be the possible
causes for it?
55. While crossing through the drainage system 1. In India it passes through a region of
of the Himalayan Rivers, which of the high rainfall, while Tibet is a dry cold
following features can be seen? area.
1. Ox-bow lakes 2. Brahmaputra is marked by huge
2. Gorges deposits of silt on its bed causing the
3. River bluffs and leaves river bed to rise.
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: Which of the above explains it?
a) 1 and 2 a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3 c) Both 1 and 2
d) All of the above d) None
c) 1 and 3
59. With reference to Methoxychlor which was d) All of the above
recently in news, consider the following
statements 62. Consider the following statements about
1. It is a pesticide produced as replacement some medicinal plants:
of DDT 1. The Sarpagandha plant used to treat
2. It is known for bioaccumulation and blood pressure is found only in India.
causing harm to kidneys 2. Jamun has diuretic properties.
3. It is banned both in EU and USA 3. Kachnar is used to treat asthama and
4. It directly affects the DNA ulcers.
Which of the above statements is/are Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
INCORRECT?
a) 1 and 2
a) 1 Only b) 2 and 3
b) 4 Only c) 1 and 3
c) 3 Only d) All of the above
d) 2 Only
63. Consider the following statements about the
60. Consider the following statements: flora and fauna of India.
1. The Narmada and the Tapi are the only 1. India is the only country which has both
long rivers, which flow west and make tigers and lions.
estuaries. 2. Red panda is found in Himalayas.
2. Western Ghats in the main water divide 3. Elephants are found in hot wet forests of
in Peninsular India. India.
3. Narmada flows through a rift valley
formed due to faulting. Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: a) 1 and 2

b) 2 and 3
a) 1 and 2 c) 1 and 3
b) 2 and 3 d) All of the above
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above 64. Consider the following statements
1. For every degree rise in temperature
61. Lakes are enclosed bodies of water above their normal operating
sometimes connected to a river or other temperature, the solar cells‟ efficiency
water body. Which of the following decreases
purposes is/are served by lakes? 2. Solar cells can reach maximum of 130
1. Helps to regulate the flow of a river. degree Celsius under normal operating
2. During heavy rainfall, it prevents temperature
flooding.
3. During the dry season, it helps to Which of the above statements is/are correct?
maintain an even flow of water.
a) 1 Only
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: b) 2 Only
c) Both
a) 1 and 2 d) None
b) 2 and 3
65. Which of these places in India does NOT 3. India‟s land boundary with China is
have a wildlife sanctuary? longer than that shared with Pakistan.
1. Kanha Kisli
2. Bharatpur Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
3. Kaziranga
a) 1 and 2
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
a) 1 and 2 d) All of the above
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 69. Which of the following characterize the
d) All of the above Himalayan mountain system?
1. Fast flowing rivers
66. Which of these is NOT a National Park of 2. Deep valleys
India? 3. Youthful topography
1. Chandra Prabha Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
2. Gorumara a) 1 and 2
3. Mudumalai b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: d) All of the above
a) 1 and 2
70. Arrange the following Himalayan ranges
b) 2 and 3
correctly from South to North.
c) 1 and 3
1. Pir Panjal
d) All of the above
2. Zaskar
3. Karakoram
67. Projects to save which of the following
4. Shiwalik
species had been taken up by the Central
government? Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
1. Project Rhino
2. Project Great Indian bustard a) 4123
3. Asiatic Lion Reintroduction project b) 4213
c) 1423
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: d) 1432
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
1. India has the third highest population
c) 1 and 3
density after Bangladesh and Japan.
d) All of the above
2. Indonesia is the fourth most populous
country.
68. Consider the following statements about
3. China has larger territory than Brazil.
India‟s physiography and location?
1. India‟s land boundary with its Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
neighbours is shorter than its total
length of coastline. a) 1 and 2
2. India has longer international land b) 2 and 3
boundary with China than with c) 1 and 3
Bangladesh. d) All of the above

3. Achieving universal immunization for
children for all vaccine preventable
72. Consider the following statements diseases
1. The seventh Global Environment
Outlook (GEO7) report revealed that out Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
of the 90 most significant environmental
goals, progress had been made on only a) 1 and 2
four b) 2 and 3
2. GEO is a series of reports on the state of c) 1 and 3
the global environment that is released d) All of the above
periodically by UNEP
75. Apart from Latitude and Altitude, which of
Which of the above statements is/are the following factors affect the climate of a
INCORRECT? region?
1. Pressure and wind systems
a) 1 Only 2. Continentality
b) 2 Only 3. Ocean currents
c) Both
d) None Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
73. As per the Census 2011, who is called a a) 1 and 2

literate person? b) 2 and 3
1. one who can read in any language with c) 1 and 3
understanding d) All of the above
2. one who can write in any language with
understanding 76. PM10 and PM2.5 are of major concern for
3. One who can do basic mathematical pollution control bodies in urban centres.
calculations with understanding These are related to,
4. One who can read and write in English a) Air pollution
or Hindi or both with understanding b) Water pollution
5. One who can read/write/do both in at c) Noise pollution
least one official language of the state d) None of the above
with understanding
77. India experiences comparatively milder
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: winters as compared to Central Asia due to
a) Westerly Jet stream
a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) Easterly Jet stream
b) 4 only c) Himalayan relief
c) 3 and 5 only d) Upper air circulation
d) 1 and 2 only
74. Population stabilization has always been a

major priority of the government. The 78. Consider the following statements about
National Population policy, 2000 provides Coriolis force?
for which of the following? 1. It results from the Earth‟s revolution
1. Promoting delayed marriage for girls around the Sun.
2. Providing free and compulsory school 2. It deflects winds towards the right in
education upto 14 years of age Northern Hemisphere and left in
Southern hemisphere.
3. It is one of the causes of the directional 82. The coastal areas of Tamil Nadu (TN) do
change of ocean currents. not receive any rainfall from the South-west
Monsoon, but receive it in the winter
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: months for which of the following reasons?
1. The Bay of Bengal branch of SW
a) 1 and 2
Monsoon brushes parallel the TN coast.
b) 2 and 3
2. TN lies on the leeward side of the
c) 1 and 3
Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea
d) All of the above
branch of the Monsoon.
3. Cyclonic depressions originating over
79. Which of the following factors affect the
the Andaman pass over the eastern
intensity and onset of monsoon into India?
coasts of India.
1. Differential heating and cooling of land
and water Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
2. Heating of the Tibetan plateau in Indian
summer a) 1 and 2
3. Shift of the ITCZ in summer over the b) 2 and 3
Ganga plain c) 1 and 3
4. Presence of easterly tropical jet stream d) All of the above
over the Indian peninsula in summer
83. Danger signal lights are red in colour
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: because
a) red light is least scattered in fog and
a) All of the above
smoke
b) 1 and 3 only
b) red light is most scattered in fog and
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
smoke
d) 2 and 4 only
c) human eye is most sensitive to red
colour
80. Inter-tropical convergence zone lies where
d) It is a convention followed to ensure
a) North-east and south-east trade winds
uniformity of standards
converge
b) Westerly and easterly jet stream
84. Sky appears dark to passengers flying at
converge
very high altitudes because
c) South-west and north-west trade winds
a) there is no atmosphere there
converge
b) there is no scattering of light that is
d) Both (a) and (b)
apparent to them
c) the light is not reflected by any particles
81. The El Nino event is connected with
in the atmosphere near to the
a) a warm current flowing past the coast of
passengers
Peru
d) Both (a) and (b)
b) a cold current flowing past the coast of
South-eastern Australia
c) a warm current flowing past the coast of
1. The WHO advises that umbilical cord
South-eastern Australia
after a child is born should be cut
d) a cold current flowing past the coast of
immediately
Peru
2. Cutting the umbilical cord within two
minutes of birth of a child helps it get
strong immunity
Which of the above statements is/are correct? 90. Which of the following ensures that the
principle of federalism is upheld in the
a) 1 Only Indian polity?
b) 2 Only 1. Any change to the constitution that
c) Both affects the power of the states must be
d) None ratified by a majority of state assemblies.
2. The Judiciary plays an important role in
86. The MRI scanning used in medical overseeing the implementation and
diagnosis uses amendment of constitutional provisions.
a) Magnetic field inside human body 3. Union Territories (UTs) are
b) Electrostatic charges inside the human administered by the Centre.
body
c) gamma rays penetration to map organs Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
d) All of the above
a) 1 and 2
87. At the time of short circuit, the current in b) 2 and 3
the circuit c) 1 and 3
a) Reduces substantially. d) All of the above
b) Does not change.
c) Increases heavily. 91. With reference to liposomes, consider the
d) Vary continuously. following statements
1. These are found naturally in animal
88. With reference to air quality index (AQI), bodies
consider the following statements 2. These are used as pharmaceutical tools
1. Indian government introduced AQI in in targeting cancer cells
2012 in all cities with million plus
population
2. In India the AQI has been developed for a) 1 Only
eight major pollutants b) 2 Only
c) Both
d) None
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only 92. Siding Spring, which was recently in news
c) Both with relation to India‟s Mars orbiter
d) None mission, is a
a) Mars probe of European Space agency
89. There is an industrial practice of making an b) Mars probe of NASA
alcohol denatured for making it unfit for c) A comet that flied past Mars
human consumption. This is done by d) None of the above
adding
a) Methanol 93. Which of the following plants/crops/trees
b) Ethanol can be used to make fuels?
c) Ethyl mercuptane 1. Sugarcane
d) Butanol 2. Jatropha
3. Neem

a) 1 and 2 Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 2 a) 1 and 2
d) All of the above b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
94. Power sharing is the very spirit of d) All of the above
democracy. It is generally shared in the
following ways. 97. Which of the following are possible
1. Horizontally between different organs implications of deep rooted gender
of the government divisions in the Indian society?
2. Vertically among governments at 1. Low child sex ration
different levels 2. Low participation of women in the
3. Among different social groups highly paid and skilled jobs
3. Low participation of women in
Which of the above is practiced in the Indian legislative bodies in the country
democracy?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only a) 1 and 2
c) 1 and 3 only b) 2 and 3
d) All of the above c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above
95. What can be the potential implications of
power sharing in a democracy? 98. Which of the following show the
1. Promotes people‟s participation in the inseparable connection of religion from
government politics in a multi-cultural country?
2. delays decision making process 1. Drawing moral lessons from several
3. decreases the possibility of arbitrariness religions to implement in politics.
2. Discrimination against marriage laws
Choose the correct answer using the codes below: among different religions.
3. Persecution and human rights violations
a) 1 and 2 of religious minorities.
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 Choose the correct answer using the codes below:
d) All of the above
a) 1 and 2
96. Match the following examples correctly b) 2 and 3
with the democratic principle involved. c) 1 and 3
1. The Dutch and the French community d) All of the above
share power – Community government
2. The Panchayats and the state 99. Consider the following statements about
government in India share powers – alluvial plains of Northern India.
Federal government 1. The largest part of Northern plains is
3. The Department of Personnel and made of older alluvium Bhangar.
Training and the Central administrative 2. Newer younger deposits are known as
tribunal (CAT) share powers - Khadar, which are renewed every year
separation of powers and so are fertile.

3. The soil in the Northern Plains also 2. Western Ghats are continuous and can
consists of Calcareous deposits called be passed through passes only.
Kankar. 3. Eastern Ghats are discontinuous but are
higher than Western Ghats.
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3 a) 1 and 2
c) 1 and 3 b) 2 and 3
d) All of the above c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above
about the peninsular plateau:
1. The Deccan Plateau is higher in the west
and slopes gently eastwards.

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INSIGHTS MOCK TEST SERIES 2015: TEST – 5 SOLUTIONS

This discrimination was the result of majoritarianism in SL.

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with a mercury vapor. They glow when struck by ultraviolet light

The study was published in the journal Interface this week.

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Federations are contrasted with unitary governments.

Drainage patterns as shown in the image with description

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Some of the key features of federalism :

1 There are two or more levels (or tiers) of government.

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Increasing consumption of anti-depressants by humans is affecting bird populations, according to a recent

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For More: http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/germany-and-denmark-are-top-green-performers-

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Other personalities like Gandhi, Ambedkar are well known.

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National Commission for Women composition

(c) A Member-Secretary to be nominated by the Central Government

Child Welfare Committees

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Refer to http://adamcap.com/schoolwork/what-makes-democracy-work/ for a comprehensive evaluation of

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These phenomena can be seen in the Northern Plains.

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You may refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terai

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Main features of the Himalayan Rivers :

i. Himalayan rivers have large basins.

ii. Many of them make spectacular gorges.

iii. They are perennial in nature.

v. In plains they iluw forming large meanders due to gentle scope.

A levee, embankment, floodbank or stopbank is an elongated naturally occurring ridge or artificially

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The Narmada Basin

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Explanation for this and the next question are same.

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Land boundary – around 7,000 Kms

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Refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas#Geology for understanding it better through several

The general physiographic divisions from south to north are:

1. The outer Himalayas (Shivalik)

2. The lesser Himalayas (central zone)

3. The Great Himalayas (northern zone)

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First two question statements are Self-explanatory.

Already explained in the previous question.

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Key highlights of the proposed index:

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DNA cage for drugs

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Explanation is same as that of question 2.

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Refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrimination_against_girls_in_India for a detailed understanding.