Terms—One Dollar a Year.

THE

AFRICAN REPOSITORY.
Vol. XXXIII. MAY, 1857. No. 5.

CONTENTS.

Africa opening to Civilization and Chris- The Ivory Trade, 150

tianity—Central Africa, by Rev. T. J. The Noble Donation of Mr. Hunt, 151
Bowen 129 Table of Emigrants, 152
Late from Liberia, 138 Intelligence, 156

Published Monthly by the American Colonization Society.

WASHINGTON:
C. ALEXANDER, PRINTER,
NEAR WAR AND NAVY DEPARTMENTS.

POSTAGE—To any part of the united States’s, six cents: a year, if paid
quarterly or yearly in advance.
OFFICERS OF THE AMERICAN COLONIZATION SOCIETY.

President:
JOHN H. B. LATROBE, ESQ.
Corresponding Secretary :
REV. R. R. GURLEY.
Financial Secretary :
REV. W. McLAIN.
Traveling Secretary:
REV. JOHN ORCUTT.
Recording Secretary :
J. W. LUGENBEEL, M. D.
Executive Committee :
HARVEY LINDSLY, M. D.
HON. ELISHA WHITTLESEY,
JOSEPH H. BRADLEY, ESQ.
A. O. DAYTON, ESQ.
WILLIAM GUNTON, ESQ.
W. W. SEATON, ESQ.
R EV. GEORGE W. SAMSON.
 THE

AFRICAN REPOSITORY.
Vol. XXXIII.] WASHINGTON, MAY, 1857. [No. 5.

Africa opening to Civilization and Christianity.

CENTRAL, AFIIICA,BY REV. T.J. BOWEN.
No one can read this book,with
out being impressed bytheevidence
ofthe benevolent purposes of Prov
idence towardsAfrica, and that the
means exist, and thetime has come,
for conveyingto her civilization and
christianity. Havingfailed 10pene
trate to the Niger from Liberia,Mr
Bo wen, finding little encouragement
Jo engage permanently in labors
among the Golahs, andinformed, as
he was,ofa betterintellectual and
moral state of populoustribesand
nations in the interior, joyfully em
barked for Badagry,intending thence
to proceed north to Igboho, orBo-
hoo, a country ofwhich he had seen
encouraging accounts in amission-
sry paper. On his way down the
coast he touched at El Mina,a
Dutch settlement often thousand
souls, defended by two heavy and
expensive forts orcastles, which no
foreigner is permitted to enter.—
Here no missionariesare permitted
to reside. The negro children are.Mr. Bowen representsthe mulat-
taught Dutch in a large school.. toes on this coastasweakly in body
though English is the commercial* andextremely degraded in charac
9
language ofthe whole coast, and all
the naiives are anxious to learn it.
"The Fantee people, who are
the most civilized of all native iribes,
live at El Minn, CopeCoastCas'le,
and other towns in this region.—
Even thehouses ofthe natives on
this coast are well built of stone,
and this with the European resi
dences, and the extensive castles,
presents a civilized appearance
which one is hardly prepared tosee
in Africa
"El Mina has no harbor,buta
slight indentation of the shore makes
a betterlanding place than is usual
on the surf-beaten coast between
Freetown and Fernando Po. Boats
entera small stream which comes
down through the midst ofthe town,
and pass under a bridge to a stone
wharf. Abroad and beautifully
shaded street runs eastward from
the wharf, parallel with the sea.
Hereare the European residences,
and the chiefseat of business. We
passed along this street through
swarms of market women, and
stopped at a commodious hotel
kept by a Fantee."
130 Central Africa.. [May,

ter. The principalarticlesoftrade erable. The captain wasa kind-

are gold and ivory, mostly from the hearted old Scotsman,not ashamed
interior, though smallquantities are to confess that "in a hurricanehe
gathered by the women from the J!had been frightened into prayers."
tea sands. Among the passengers were adrunk
i Cape Coist Castle is but nine en merchant, of Akra,a Brazilian
mires from El Mina. The heavy[j slaver, and a pleasant intelligent
surf renders the landingdangerous. colonial surgeon of Cape Coast.
Here Mr. Ho wen left the brig in "During our stay at Akra,1 went
whichhe came from Monrovia, and ashore tovisit the gardens. I found
remained three weeks,staying the them like those at ElMinaand Cape
Coast, much inferior to my expec
first part ofthe time at. a tolerable|
tations. The natives here speaka
hotel kept by a native, and subse-; different language fromthat of the
qaently, by invitation, in the family) Fanteis. Their degree ofciviliza
ofthe Rev. T. B. Freeman, superin tion is about the same, mostoftheir
hous-es being built ofstone; and the
tendent ofthe Wesleyan Missions.
two tribesare about equal in their
Thefe missions, which were
thievish propensities, and want of
commenced in 1835 consistat pres every ennobling quality. The Wes
ent of several stationson the Gold leyan mission at Akra is not flourUh-
and Shve Coasts, and have pene ing. A German mission at Akra-
trated into the interior toKumasi, pong, fifty miles in the interior, is
the capital ofAshantce, and to Ab- .-aid tobe more successful.
beoKuta, the capital of Egba. They '•My host at Akra was a Mr.Bruce.
number several hundred converts.** Thougha jet black negro, whose
"The hills about Cape Coast are ancestors, for aught I know, had
mostly circularand graded down to not been bleached byamalgamation
the base,sothat the numerous little since the days of Cush, his name
valleyswhich wind among them are was Bruce, and he must needssend
nearly, level.Isolated hillsorpatches all the wayto Scotland for the Bruce
and short chains of mountains,are coat ofarms, which he keeps hung
.'igeneral feature inAfrica. Aman up in his parlor, as if he, like the
could passthrough the continent to Abyssinian traveler, weredescended
Egypt at many pointswithout climb from Scotia's kings."
ing a single mountain, though he
might see many peaks during his Mr. Bowen slopped long enough
journey." at Aguey, "a mostbarbarous town
In the castle hesawthegrave of in thePopo Country, with twofac
the distinguishedand much lament tories, (trading houses,) one forthe
ed "L. E. L." slave trade and one forlawful com
About the middle of July Mr. merce," to record his impressions
Bijwen found a passagetoBadagry in the following sentence: "I have
in a small schooner loaded with never seen so horrible a place as
brown sugar, which steamed so Aguey, or one whichI remember
much that the cabinbecame intol withso much indignation."
1857.] Central Africa. 131

"At last we arrived at Badagry, learned, "had died in oneyearina

on the 5lh of August, nearly eight
nionllis after I had sailed fromthe
United States. Next day I took
leave of the goodold capiain,and
soon had thesatisfaction to find rnj-
sell safely through theroaring surf,
on firm land,nomore to resume my
voyage. Aflat, treeless prairie ex
tends from the beachthree-quarters
ofa mile to the river Ossa, which is
seven hundred yardswide, and runs
parallel with the coast forforty or
fifty miles till it flowsinio the sea
at Lagos. Thebanks are covered
with papyrus, which at u shortdis
tance resembles the young pine.
Immediately beyond the river. is the
vile old (own ofBadagry; and twen
ty daysjourney, more orless, would
bring meto Igboho (Bohoo,) where
I had purposed to make the lirstex
periment in the Central 'African
mission."
single factory: the victims of rum,
debauchery and fever." The town
swarmed with thieves, drunkard*,
shameless brgwars. and those whoso
on *
only object in life wassensual grati
fication. An English missionary,
who had been residing; there for
o
sometime, remarked tjiatthe people
were ripe for destruction. It is
worthy ofnotice that in about a year
and a halffrom this time, this place
was burntdown in what ourauthor
terms "acut-throataffray between
itsown citizens." Heobserves: "In
1850, Ajusiieh,Whydah, and near
ly till the Slave Coast, led byGezo,
king of Dahomy, and Kosokkoh,
the usurper at LagnsorEko, were

This is the SlaveCoast,and ac in favor of theslavetrade, anJop

cordingto our author, has supplied posed to lawful commerce and mis
fromthe almost civilized inhabitants sionaries. OnlyAbbeokuta, a large

of Yoruba, Nufe, Hausa, and other town sixty miles in theinterior, and
countries ofSudan, the most intel a minority atBadagry, wereopposed
ligent, docile, and industrious ne to the slave trade,as contraryto the
groes for theAmerican plantations. best interests of the country. Iwas
These people, at least, our author informed that Gezoand Kosokkoh
thinks, had a right to remain un were concoctinga plan to destroy
molested in their native land. A Abbeokuta and subdae Badagry,so
few miles above Badagry, on the as to expel theEnglish merchants
same river, (the Ossa,) is a large and missionaries and restore the
town, Ajasheh, which meansbroken slave trade as in former days. The
by war. The riveris here ninemiles ill success of these attempts will be
from the sea. Thesoil around Bad noticed in asubsequent chapter."
agry is poor, the streamsflow through Mr. Bowen was intentupon pro
swamps, and the country is un ceeding to Bohoo, the place for
healthy. Two orthree missionaries which he had set out, butevery body
had recently died, and European assured him thattheroad had long
merchants had suffered most severe been closed by war, and that Abbe
ly. Six young1 men, Mr. Bowen okuta, sixtymiles to the northeast
132 Central Africa. [May,

of Badagry, was the onlycity inte forests, farms, and prairies," until
rior to which lie could o-o. He had they entered a great wood, which
P
read in America of"old Simeon," continued for nearly thirty miles,to
aconvert in the Methodist mission a more open country. The first
at Badagry, anil now learned from Atones were found aboutthirty miles-
the missionaries that he wasa native from Badagry.
of Bohoo, nnd had begged themto " On Sunday, the 17ih, werostec}
go and preach the gospel to his by a beautiful stream ofclear water,
about twentymiles from Abbeokutn.
countrymen. The venerableold man
The woods were full of monkeys,
expressed great delight when he pairots, horn hills and honeybees.
learned from Mr. Bowen thathehad Next morning we traveled about
left home to preach the gospel in ihree miles through a fertile and
heavily timbered body of land to the
his native city, and declared his
lop ofa hill, where wesuddenly
readiness to accompany him, but emerged into an opencountry, and
said it was impossible to goatthat myeyes were greeled with a mure
lime. lovely scene than I had ever ex
pected to behold in Africa —a vast
Despairing of reaching Bohoo ex expanse of undulating prairie, scat
cept by way of Abbeokuta — having tered over with palms and grove?,
purchased a horse, (which proved and bounded in thedistanceby blue
mountainous looking hills. I felt
well-nigh worthless,) atan extrava
that I had entered a new region:
gantprice, and emplo\ed an £uba Guinea was left behind me. Pas
servant who couldspeak English, sing through this lovely country,
and eight men to carry hisluggage, delighted by fresh beauties at every
step, we arrived attheOgun river,
—Mr. Bowen turned his face a which flows by Abbeokuta,a liulu
second time toward the interior, after sunset, and entered the crty
taking of necessity the path tothat by twilight.
"Abbeokuta is the capital of the
city.
very small independent kingdom
Our author bade farewell to Bad- of Egba, which is numbered ac
agry.on the 14th ofAugust, and all cording to its position among the
along the road met numbers ofmen, countries ofGuinea, but in char
acter is more nearlyallied to Sudan.
women and children,going to the The wholepopulation of thislittle
Badagry marketwith palm oil, corn, State may beset down at. 100.000,
yams, fowls, fire wood, &.C., which most of wh«m are in the capital
city. On the east, and southeast
they carried in heavyloads on their
of Egba, is the kingdomof Ijebn,
heads. After crossinga lagoon next (tortured by different writers into
morning, and taking breakfast in Jaboo, 1ebu and Dshebu,) and
Mo village, they passed somethree east of thisliesihe larger country
of Ibini or Benin. To the south
miles through the bosh, like that
and west of Egba, are several mi-
in Liberia, to a beautiful prairie, connected towns, inhabited by a
and subsequently "through several people, who are called Egbado,
1857.] Central Africa. 133

(the lowerEgbas;) to the west of Thisremarkable city,Abbeokuta,

whom is the little kingdom of is situated on the eastern bank of
Iketu, which extends to Dahomy.
the Ogun river, in latitude7°8' N.,
Badagry and Lagos (Eko) on the
coast, are independent towns, the ;jand by estimation about 3°20' E.
falterof which is ruled by a king, i longitude. Canoesmay come up
who formerly piofessed allegiance to the rapidsnear the southern wall
(o Benin. Midway,between Bada
gry and Abbeokuia, is a very small i of the to_wn, and light steamers, it
tribe called Otta. TheJjebiis, Egbas, is thought, might approach toabout
Egbadoes, Ottas and Iketus, as the distance of twelve miles below.
also the people of Badagry, and
Lagos, speak the Yorubalanguage. To Lajros by the riverisabout ninety
All these people are similar in miles, mostly through a fertile but
features, character and customs,but | well-nighdepopulated country. The
those nearthe coast are morebar j|wall of the city, which includes
barous than those of the interior.—
The Popoes and Dahomies, are much open space, is about fifteen
more degraded, at least morally, miles in circuit, and the city itself
than any other people on this ten miles. In andaround thetown,
coast. They were probably the
are manylarge granite rocks, some
original owners of all the forest
country between Badagryand Egba, of them rising to a height of two
1' O
but have gradually retired before hundred feet, the soil not veryfertile
their Yoruba speaking neighbors, butthe water pure and theclimate
till their language has almost dis
i healthy. Abbeokuta is the capital
appeared from most parts of the
coast east of Whydah. The proper lof the little kingdom of Euba, the
Yoruba kingdom, and the original soil ofwhich isgenerally very fertile
seat of all the Yoruba speaking and covered with forests. Fifty
tribes, extends from Benin on the
•east to Dahomy onthe west,having years ago thisterritorycould boast
the Ijebus, Egbas, Egbadoes, and of three hundred towns, only one
Iketus on its southern border.— village ofwhich, Oko Obba, in the
The Yoruba country begins about
southwest, now remains, all the
twenty miles north of Abheokuta,
or eighty miles by the road, from othershaving been destroyed by war.
the sea coast. No wonderif Ien During this civil strife, which pre-
tertained pleasing hopes of soon !vailed for several years, it is esti-
being able to enter the country
when severalof its mountains are j mated that two hundred thousand
in plain view of Abbeokuta. YetI I people were either slain orsold into
was compelled to remain in Egba slavery, and therefugees ofa hun
and the oiher low countries for
dred ormore towns found a refuge
eighteen months, before the chiefs
would give me permission to pro among the rocks ofAbbeokuta, and
ceed. Butthis time was notwholly gave that name (signifying "under-
lost, sinceI wasemployed in study-i stone") to theircity.
ingthe language; and in becomingj
acquainted with the character of The tradition is, that Egba, of
the people." which Abbeokuta is the capital, was
134 Central Africa. [May,

oncea province ofYoruba, which ber, 1856. Some additional lighton

ata certain lime cast offthe autho the providence ofGod in the history
rity of an oppressive king and de- ofthis city, <nny be derived from the
claied itself independent; subse following words of Mr. Boweri:
quently a revolt took place against "This story of Abbeokuta con
sidered apartfrom more important
their own king, and his authority
subjects, would scarcely be worth
was renounced, and civil- wrr, ex- relating. Butthemost interesting
asperited l>y theslave trade, devas portion of the narrativeremains to
tated ihe country. Sorr.e of the be told. The Wesleyan mission
ariesin lookingaround for fields of
many thousands ofcaptured persons labor had fallenon Budagry, to all
reduced to slavery wereshippedto appearance one of theleast hope
Cuba and Brazil, others recaptured ful points on the whole coast.—
When the Egbas began theirtraffic
and sent to Sierra Leone, somewere
with Badagry, they met with the
held in bondage inYoruba, others missionaries, and carried homesuch
sold to nations eastof the Nigeror curiousaccounts of their character
•perhnpsto Tripoli orEgypt, and motives, that Shodekkeh and
his people desired to see them.—
The first refugees found shelter
O About thesame time (1838) several
and protection under a shelving Egbas, who had been re-captured
rock, but as others arrived, they from slave-ships and civilized in
Sierra Leone, returned to their
settled together, giving to theirvil
countrymen at Abbeokuta, telling
lage or districtrespectivelythe name wonderful things ofchristianily and
of the U>wn f;om which they came; Christian missionaries. The conse
and when their enemies menaced quence was that the Wesley an
missionaries were invited to Ab
them with destruction, they placed
beokuta. This was reportfd to
themselves undera powerful chief, Mr. Freeman, the superintendent,
Shaddokeh, who proved himself who repaired to Abbeokuta and
equal to the task of theirdefence. was joyfully received by Shodekkeh
and the people.
Not without difficulty he opened "In the meantime some of the
communication and trade withBad- converted Egbas of the Episcopal
agry. The peopleafier his death congregations in Sierra Leone de
continued to hold possession of the sired to return home, anil begged
that missionaries might go with
Ogut),and opened an active traffic thorn. Mr. Townsend wr.ssent to
with Lagos. Fora very interesting Abbeokuta to make observations,
statement concerning Abbeokuta and report on the pros-peels. In
• andthe English mi'sionsestablished going up from Badagry, he met
with Mr Freeman on his way
there, and the war waged against down. He alsowaswell received
them by thekingofDehomi, we refer by Shodekkeh, and on hisreiurii to
Sierra Leone, the committee re
our readers to the extractfrom the
solved on amission to the Kgbas.
able work ofthe Rev. J. L. Wilson, "In December, 1844, Mr.Town-
page 354 ofth e Repository for Decemsend, Mr. Gollmer, and Mr. Crow
1857.] Central Africa.
thcr, a native missionary of the
Yoruba tribe, who had been edu
cated in Sierra Leone, arrived at
Badagry to commence the new
niissi'in. By this time Shodekkeh
was dead and the whole country
was so much distracted by wars
that the Egbachiefs were unwilling
to let the missionaries proceed to
Abbeokuta. They began to labor
at Badagry, but finally in July,
lS4b', Mr.Townsend and Mr. Crow-
ther arrived at Abbeokuta, and
were received with generaldemon-
Mraiions of joy. O
Many converted
and unconverted Egbas in Sierraj
Leone nowflocked to Abbeokuta,
and the work has steadily proceed-j
ed in the country till the present
time, BotwilhMauding two harrns-
o
sing prosecutions against the na
tive Christians. The VVesleyans
aUosoon established themselves at
Abbeol- ma, and have continued to
labor there with success. The dif-
lerfiiit Wesleyan and Episcopal
stations at present number about
bix hundred communicants Agreat
many people have abandonedidola
try. Mr.Crowther and Mr. King,
both natives, huve translated sev
eral books of the Old and New
Testaments, which are handsomely
printed and bound in separate
hooks. Hundreds ofpeople have
learned to read theirnative tongue,
and the whole tiibe has advanced
considerably towards civilization.
" Let us look now atthe steps by
which God has conducted this
work; the abolition of royalty by
the Egbas; their consequent civil
wars: ihe great rocks atAbbeoku
ta; therefuyres, who soughtthem
lor shelter; the rise ofShodekkeh:
liis victories; the rc-c.iplure of
s-laves; theirconversion and return
to their country; the movements
of missionaries; and several other
eventsin thishistory which remain
to be related. Who wouldhave
135
predicted that the. annihilation of
the Egbiikingdom,forty years ago,
would have led to such results as
we nowbehold in this part ofA!-
rica?"
Mr. Bowensays it is utterly im
possible tojustify the wars by which
the slave trade is supported. He
denies that many of the interior
tribes are vagrants or criminals,just
ly to be arrested and punished by
more civilized men.
"I have counted the sites of
eighteen desolated towns within ;i
disiance of sixiy miles between
Badagry and Abl>eoknta — thelegi
timate result <>fthe slave trade.—
Tlie whole Yoruba countr) is lull
of depopulated towns, some of
which wereeven larger ihan Ab-
heokuta is at present. Of all ihe
phices visited by the Landers, only
Ishakki, Igboho, Ikishi and a lew
villages remain. Jjenna (Jannaj
was destroyed a few weeks i/ftir
my arrival in the country. Oilnr
and still larger towns in the sane
region, have lately fallen. At 01e
of tliKse, called Oke Odden, II e
Ddhomy army killedand captured
about20,000 people, on which oc
casionthe kingpresented Domingo,
the Brazilian slaver,withGOOslau-y.
The whole number ofpeople de
stroyed inthis section of country,
within the last fifty years, cannot be
less than fivehundred thousand.
"The Egbas and Yorubas, who
were the principal actors and suf
ferers in the merciless wars, were
the most civilized and peaceable
tribes in the country; remarkable
for their love of agriculture and
traffic, and among the last people
in Africawhom we couldsuppose
capableof such enormities as ihey
peri-isted in committing for a spare
of forty years. Civil war was the
cause of their madness. The brutish
136 [May,

Dahomies, formerly the tributaries sionarieswere tq be banished, and

of Yoruba, entered into the strife the slave trade restored.
from other motive*, the love of rum
In the autumn of1850, the British
and tobacco. At ihe time of my
arrival in the country, many ofthe Consul, Beecroft, visited Abomy,
Egbas and Yorubas, lookinground the capital ofDahomey, and learned
on their ruined country, feltsick of the hostile purpose of the king to
war and theslave trade, and sighed
wardsAbbeokuta, and in the Janu
for areturnof their former peace
and prosperity. Hrnce Badagry, ary following he came toAbbeokuta
which was fullof Egbasand Yoru- and relatedwhat he hadheard and
bas, haddeclared against the slavers, seen at Abomy, and reproved the
and opened her doors to lawful
Egbas for some of their misdeeds.
commerce and the gospel. Hence,
also, Shodtkkeh had invited the The appearance, language and man
missionaries lo Abbeokuta. The ner of the old man who was put
country was now approaching a forward to answer the consul's
second crisis. The wholepopula
speech, awoke Mr. Bowen's ad
tion was divided into two parties;
one in favor ofthe slave trade, and miration:
of course opposed to missionaries "He replied, thai as for the
and lawful commerce, and the persecution o£ native christians, it
otheropposed to the slave trade as should never occur again at Ab
contrary to the bestinterests ofthe beokuta. As for the slave trade,
country. It was easy to foresee, he affirmed that their ancestors
even then, that this question must were farmers;they neversoldslaves,
be decided in the battlefield. neitherdid the Egbas desire to do
"The main issue — the slave trade so at present. Asto theDahomy's
or no slave trade — was complicated affair, he said, 'When ourfather
withseveral others,and these thoughl!(Shochkkeh) was alive, the king of
confessedly of minor importance, |lDahomy professed to be ourfriend,
were setforward as the prominent I and we exchanged presents. But
causes of the quarrel. Even the ||when our fatherwasdead, he turned
negroes of Guinea,were ashamed against us. Itistruethat wefought
lo make war expressly in defence his army and took away his chair,
of the slave trade. They sought but we did notgo into his country
other pretexts." to attack him. He came to us.'"
The consul subsequentlyreported
On his arrivalat Badagry in 1850,
the whole case to the British Gov
Mr. Bowen learned thatthe friends
ernment, and took Akitoye forsafety
*ofthe slave trade had matured their
to Fernando Po.
plans forputting down all opposi
Mr. Bowen was at Abbeokuta
tion to this iniquity. Kosokkoh,
when the king ofDahomey brofjght
whohad expelled therightful king, hisforces against it. Thealarm was
Akitoye, (a foe to the slavetrade.) sounded in the latter part of Febru
from Lagos, was tosubdue Badagry, ary, 1851; "Christiansorayed and
Gizo (king ofDahomey) to destroy heathens made sacrifices." The in
Abbeokuta, themerchantsand mis tense interest ofMr. Bowen in the
1857.] Central africa. 137

result may be more readily imagined with apart of the British squadron
than expressed. The army from " to make a treaty" withKosokknh
forthe abolition of the slave trade.
Dahomey wasestimated at ten thou
Kosokkoh on his part, advised and
sand men andsix thousand women. assisted by several Brazilian and
Mr. Bowen exhorted "the people Portuguese slavers, had prepared
to stand firm, reserve their fire,and the articles ofthe treaty in the form
take good aim." Ogunbonna, one of two or threedozen h^avy can
nons with plenty of powder and
of the chiefcaptains, replied, "You ball. One ofthe armed steamers
will see thatwe shall fight." After and all the gun boats were to sail
a severe battle, and both parties up the river to Lagos to conduct
sleepingone night on their arms, the negotiation. The ex-kingAki-
toye was present to sign the ulti
the Dahomans retired, leavingmore
matum, and thenceforwardto super
thantwelve hundred dead upon the intend the affairs of Lagos. There
field, and beingfiercely pursued on was to be no fighting however
their retreat, their whole loss was unless Kosokkohshould fire on the
probably two thousand slain and English "visitors;" for they al
leged thatan unprovokedattack on
several hundreds made prisoners. an African king might give um
Itwas a great victory for civilization, brage to the French; but no one
freedom and Christianity. of course could censure the consul
"The signal defeat of Gezo was and officers for defending them
selves, if fired on when they ap
not sufficient to deter Kosokkoh
proached thetown, as they intended
and his party from their design of
todo with a white flag."
subduing Badagry. They succeed
ed in burning thetown a fewweeks Mr. Bowen heard the thunderof
nfter the battle of Abbeokuta, but
the artillery at Lagos, as he hasten
the slave trade party, though con
siderably stronger than their oppo ed his return to Abbeokuta. At
nents, were defeated with the loss first the Englishwere defeated, but
of their leader.
thirty days after they drove Ko
"In November, 1851, having at
Inst obtained permission to visit sokkoh from the town,and Akitoye
Yoruba, I went down to Badagry was restored to his powerover La
to pun base supplies forthe journey. gos. Soon after the king of Da
I found thesite of this once popu
homey made a treaty with the
loustown now covered with fields
of Indian corn, the property of English for the abolition ofthe slave
about one thousand persons, who trade. Kosokkoh also agreed,four'
were living in rudely constructed years later, to abandon the slave
huts. Two or thiee days after
iny arrival, Badagry was vi.-ited by trade.
Consul Beecroft, andseveral naval "At present all the countries on
officers, who werebound for La<ros the slave coast are in peace* and
•On the2d instant, (January, 1857,)I received lettersfrom Africa,stating that the
king of Dahomy has sent word to the Egbas to prepare for another attack this
winter; and thatKosokkoh hasgiven a similar warning to Mr. Campbell, the Eng
lish consul at Lagos. An Ejjbaarmy is lyingatOltato overawe thedisaffected peo
ple in that quarter.
139 Late from Liberia. [May,

prosperity. Badagry hardlyexists, the influence of the Gospel, tobe

but Lig>s and Ahbeokuia are in
creasing in population. The mis
s-ions are in a "«<
ry flourishing con
diiion, and the gospel is so much
respected that Ui11 <rDosomu. at the
request of Consul Campbell and
ih° missionaries, has promulgated
a law forbidding all his subjects toI
labor, or to heat drums and fire
guns on' Sunday. This law is ro
spectod bythenatives, and imme
diately after it was proclaimed all
the merchants who had hitherto
labored on Sunday, gave up the
practice, except one,a black from
Cape Coast Castle."
When weconsider these strange
and mightyevents by which Central
Africa is thrown open to the know
ledge, commerce, and religion of an exploration oftheNlGElt, and
christian nations,the wonderful pre
paration of manyofher peopleby
the stem discipline ofslavery and
come her teachersand benefactors:
The spirit of all Christendom aroused
and directed to supplant her bar
barism and raise her from ruin:—
The devoted missionaries calling;
herchildren from their dark abodes
of shame and cruelty to the paths
of honor, wisdom and peace, lo a
knowledge ofDivine Truth and the
infinite future inheritance of good
revea'ed to the faithful: — When we
think ofthe half-civilized tribes and
nations thatdwell in the vicinityof
the Niger, anil vast, resources of
Central Africa, we feel deeperthan
words can show theimportanceof
the multiplication of missionary sta
tions and laborers in all thedistricts
and kingdoms of Central Africa.

Late from Liberia.

ffs have received letters from command of ex-President Roberts,
Liberia, bearing dates upto the. 10th and convey themto Cape Palmas,
of Febtuary. TheMary Ciroline since hostilities prevailed between
Stevens arrived, after a rotiirh pas the people of that settlement and
sage of forty-two days, at Cape certain native tribes, and anearnest
Mounton the '22.1 of January, and appeal had been made by the
at Monrovia on the 25ili. Good Governor lo the authorities of Li
health had prevailed among thei beria f.ir assistance in the war.
emigrants, and all had been landed Dr. Hall, agent of the Mar) land
in safety. It will he seen that Colonization Society, generously
twenty-two of this company have loaned lo the Libertan government
proceeded immediately tothe inte- ' $*,000, to enable it to enlist the
rinr settlement, and with praiseand men and obtain the supplies for
thanksgiving arrived at their new this expedition. The Baltimore
home. By list advices the ship Sun states that many of the citi
was aboutto receive on board one zens of Monrovia were opposed,
hundred and fifty soldiers, underj but that from latest accounts from
1857.] Late from Liberia. 139

Cape Palmas, it was supposed (hat all knelt down at the foot of the
the natives, if properly treated, sia (T from ihe top (if which the flag
ofLiberia was waving in the moun
would soon submit and hvo on
tain breeze, and hymns ofpraiaft
termsof peace wiih ihe colonists. were sung,and HVO of the leading
The following letter from Ihe Rev. men of the pariy engaged in pra\er
John Seys, Special Agent ofthe and thanksgiving to God. It was
ascene Ihat must have causedjoy
Society, affords much to sustain among the angels ofheaven.
the hopes and encouragetile effort» The ship M. C.Sievens arrived
of the friends of the interiorsettle at Monrovia onthe 24th ultimo.—
ment. The communication from An express was immediately dis
patched to meand armed at noon
Dr. James Hall, to the Financial
on Sunday, the 25th. The next
Secretary, must gratify the friends morning1 was convened in a ham
of theMiry Carolina Stevens, and mock to tire St. Paul's, beingunable
by wise suggestions in regard to to walk from a painful ulceron the
J O3 O leg; reached the river HI5 P.M.,
supplies for emigrants, and the took a boat at 6, and, by traveling
economical and beneficial man all night, arrived at 2 A.M. at the
agement of Mich emigrants during wharf at Monrovia. In a fewhours
I had the pleasure of greeting my
the voyage, prove of permanent
obiandmuch enieemtd friend, Dr.
value. James Hall, of Baltimore, with
CAKEYSBURGH, LIBERIA, whom and Mr. Dennisall necessary
Ftbruary 6, 1857. preparations were maOe during that
I wrote to you veryfully by the and the following day, and on
British mail steamerof last mouth, Thursday morning I left uiih my
and informed jou ofthe progress company in four bosts. The emi
we hiid made upto thatdate inour grants were well led on thejourney,
pieparalions for ihe reception ol and u.dose of quinineadministered
our pioneers. I have now great lo each just before eating, so that
pleasure incommunicatingthe grati every precaution hasbeen taken lo
fying fact that the main point in give iheexperiment a fair trial.
the interesting experiment we are I am happy lo inform )ou that
making lias been most successfully thiough the mOststrenuous efforts
ttcc'Hiiulished. Twenty-two unac I succeeded in being able to ac
climaied emigrants, including two commodate so largea lumber. A
females and one child of seven ihiitched house, of 30 f.-el by 18,
year.", have been conveyed from wentherboardeti ami with plank
ihe shipMary Caroline Elevens the flours, having a fine garret room
lirKt day to Robertsville, where be the entire lengthof the building;
fore <l:irk they wereallsafely housed a circular hut,all of native material,
in si (Mined and comfortable build oftwenty feet square, the residence
ingsix miles from (he waters of Si. ofthe special agent, and two other
Paul'sriver, and ihe next day, afier buildings, one not yet completed,
a walkof lit least twenty miles, ar each 30 feet by 15,make up our
rived shlely on this mountain at ~| liille village on the iimum, and
P. M. Nothing could exceed the afford ample accommodations fur
gratitude, the enthusiastic feelings those in ouremploy as ueil as the
ofihe entire company, and thoii we lately arrived straugeri.
140 Latefrom Liberia.

We are much indebted to our which is vet in session. He can

old friend, Dr. Hall,for his selec not be with usuntil the expiration
tion of our little company. Mr. of ten or twelve days. Meantime
Abel Garner, sixty-three years old, Dr. Roberts has furnished me, and
a slave all hisdays until Inst No Dr. Hall likewise, from on board
vember, is an excellentold christian the ship, with a few medicines,
man from Mobile, Alabama, a and, until we have a physician,I
Methodist preacher, and willdo us shall endeavor to attend to that
good service. William Douglas department.
and Young Barrett, wiih theirwives I have the pleasure toacknowl-
and families, and thirteen fine young jjedge the receipt of your several
men, all from Albemarle county, j letters and those of Rev. Mr.Mc-
Virginia, are from one estate, that j Lain, by the various opportunities
of James. H. Tyrrel, and appear to <up to the M. C Stevens,;md tosay
be a docile, well-behaved, orderly in reply that particular attention
set, many ofthem professing to be shall be had to the instructions
christians and belonging 10 the therein contained.
Baptist denomination. The specimens ofthe wood, ore,
Aschool has been organized, &c, lor which a certain sum of
taughtby Mr.John Clark,a native money has been appropriated,shall
convert, and from 10 to 1 o'clock be collected and a box containing
every daythose who are nowenjoy them sent toyour office at Wash
ing the blessings of freedom, old ington by the M. C.Stevens on her
and young, male and female, are !|second homeward bound voyage—
receiving instruction in the ele It was impossible to procure them
mentary branches of an English in time for herreturn in March.
-education,and they seem to appre Your mostobedient servant,
ciate most gratefully their high John Seys,
privileges. | SpecialJigentAfrican Col. Soc.
Before breakfast in the morning
and in the cooler partof the after ShipM. C. Stevens,
noon they are put to work under January llt/i, lSo~.
Mr. Clarke, whois also "overseer Rev. Wm. McLain,
for public works," and aid inclear Fin' I Sec'y Jim. Col. Soc.
ing the land, preparing for plant Mv Dear Sia: —I find myself in
ing, &.c. Here I would acknowl a situation tocomply with jourre
edge with thanks the receipt ofa quest, in furnishing an expression
box of garden seeds from the of my viewsin regard to provision
PatentOffice, Washington, through ing and the general managementof
ourhonorable and esteemed friend, emigrants while on ship board.—
Mr. Whittlesey, many of which I see no necessity of making any
havethisday been put in the ground, material variation from the course
and were no sooner planted than we have pursued for so manyyears,
as a token ofthe continued favorof in the Liberia Packet and in char
our Heavenly Patent, a most de tered vessels. If there has been
lightful anil refreshing rain came any just cause ofcomplaint it is at
down, though we are in the very tributable mainly to the bad man
heart of the dry season. agement of parlies to whom you
Dr. Smith, who hasbeen appoint have been obliged toconfide so im
ed to attend the expedition out portant a trustand to the irremedi
here, is a member of the Senate, able unfitnessof many of the ves
 1857.] Late from Liberia.
sels you have ofle-n been forced lo
charter for the business. These
causes I trust, will never again
operate to thwart your inicniions.
Theship now attheserviceof the
Society for amplitude of space, ven
tilation, and every disirable arrange
ment is all that wo could desire.—
Our permanent tanks and water
casks are all sufficient lo relieve us
from anyapprehensions, as toquali
ty and quntitityof water,and our
cooking apparatus is so perfect and
extensive that we are aide at all
times to prepare the emigrants'
food in the best manner and in
sufficient variety. This I consider
one of the greatest advantages of
our new ship, scarcely tobeappre
ciated by anyone who has notsuf
fered from ill-cooked foodeven for
a ship's complement on bonrd or
dinary vesselsin foul weaiher. We
have had one of the most stormy
passages I have ever known, fur
four weeks in succession without
one watch of fair wind, constantly
pitching into a head sea, often
under close reefed topsails, and
lying-to for days in a gale, vet we
have not been obliged to internal
one meal, or one article ofa meal
of our weekly programme foremi
grants, or of our ordinary cabin
fare, evenbakingfresh bread every
morning forover two hundred peo
ple. This is attributable tothe re
markably easy motionsofthe ship,
bul our patent bakerworks wonders,
it supplies the great desideratum
in emigrant vessels forcoloredpeo
ple, whose principalstaple of food
has always been corn bread, we
shall hereafter he able, barringac
cidents, to furnish them wiih this
article regularly for breakfast. The
boiling of meatand vegetables for
dinner or their evening meal has
never heretoforebeen attended with
much difficulty, still our new ca
boosesare a great improvement on
the old plan.
141
I anticipate there will be no
difficulty hereafter in carrying out
to the letter any instructions you
may see fit lo give in regard to the
preparation offood for emigrants,
embracinga variety of diet, fur
nished no other class of steerage
pa.-sengers. In making outa list
of food and condiments, I have
l<e:>tin view — first, the peculiar
habits and tastesof the people we
have to send; secondly,their health,
thirdly, economy. 1 make ihn esti
mate for two hiindred full rations,
the extreme number we areallowed
to carry bylaw, including steeraoo
and deck house; timeeight weeks
or fifty-six dlys, although we may
safely calculatetheaverage lime of
the voyage will fall \vjihin forty.—
For any lime within sixty days the
rations embrace afull variety of all
articles; should a voyage be pro
tracted beyond thattime, still ihero
will be no chance of suffering,
havingalways provisions for cargo.
Provisions for two hundred full
rationsfor fifty-sixdays or eight
weeks.
—beef, 20 bbls.; pork, 10
bbls.; mackerel, 12 hbls.: bacon
sides, 3,200 Ibs.; codfish, 800 Ibs.—
Bread Stuff—30 bbls. cornmeal, 10
do. flour, 40 do. bread, 25do.pota
toes, 8 do sour kraut, 16 bushels
while beans, 16do. blackeyed peas,
1,600 Ibs. rice. 400. Ins." cheese;
400 Ibs. butter; 800 Ibs.sugar; 300
gals, molasses; 100 Ibs. tta; 300
Ibs. coiFce; 1 bbl. vinegar; 1 sack
salt; 40 Ibs. ground pepper; 2doz.
boxes muhtard; 200 Ibs. sea water
soap.
The above list allows one Ib. of
meat or fish daily to each' ration,
and about one and a half Ib. of
breadstuff, besides bu'ter, cheese,
sugar, coffee, &.c. The following
is a programmeof daily rations for
the week, two mealsa day to be
allowed, one from nine to ten in
 142 [May,

the forenoon, the other from fourto to corn bread at breakfast. Flour
live in the afternoon, according to | is dealt nut to each mess twicea
die season: week, tobe used for breador pud-
M on d ay .— Breakfast— Tire adand j ding as they may choose, one lb.
bacon. Dinnm — Beef, potatoes per week for each ration. Of p<>as
and rice. or beans one and a half bushels
Tuesday — Breakfast — Cold beef, should be allowed at each meal or
bread and butter. Dinner — Pork more if required. One barrel of
mid beans. potatoes is barely sufficient for din
Wednesday. — Breakfast— Bread& ner when not followed bv rice,
mackerel. Dinner—Bncon, sour i «hen this article is high in marker,
kraut, flour and cheese. which is not unfrequently the case,
Thursday — Breakfast— Bread and rice may besubstituted at the rate
bacon. Dinner — Beef, potatoes ofabout forty lbs. ofthe latter fora
and rice. bbl. of the former. Sourkraut is a
Friday. — Breakfast — Cold beef, ' new article,but I venture torecom
bread and butter. Dinner — Pork mend it on all accounts, as when
and peas. J cooked with bacon it will make an
Saturday. — Breakfast— Bread and excellent substitute for cabbage,the
mackerel. Dinner—Codtish, po favoritefood of the colcred people
tatoes and rice. , I in theSouthern Slates. I calculate
Sunday. — Breakfast — Bread and halfa bbl. at each meal will besnf-
mackerel. Dinner—Bacon, sour I fieient. I should haveused hominy
kraut, (lour and cheese. in lieu of this did it. not require
You will perceive that in the long boiling and consequentlygreat
above there is a correspondence in : consumption of fuel.
the piincipal tneal, dinner, between Of butter and cheese— Two ounces
Monday and Thursday, Sundayand i perration of each should be issued
Wednesday, Tuesday and Friday, !semi weekly. One quarterbox of
two beef and two bacon days in ! raisins twice a week at each pud
each week, in which one lb. per ding day, serves to increase the
ration is issued, two-thirds ofwhich, variety and gratifies the emigrants.
is estimated, will be consumed at] ' Coffeeshould be made, by thecook
dinner, one-third being reservedfor every morning forihe adults, sweet-
breakfast the following morning. —j I ened with molasses, requiringabout
On Tuesdays and Fridays, bean onegallon ofthe latterper day for
days, as ihey are termed, but halfa! the whole. Messes notusing coffee
II). of pork is allowed for ration, should be entitled to have theirmo
mackerel furnishing the nextmorn-; lasses to use with their bread; in
inn's breakfast. addition to this about one pint of
Of Breadstuff— About 100 lbs. molasses should he issued perweek
corn meal, or half lb. for each to each ration, to use with their
ration, should be dealt out every rice, pudding, bread, &x. Tea
morning to be baked for breakfast, sweetened with sugarshould be al
if the allowance proves insufficieni lowed to adults at their evening
navybread should be added. This meal, about ten lbs. sugar per day
last is not a favorite article offood being required for this purpose.—
with theemigrants and willseldom Salt, pepper, vinegar and mustard
satisfy them at any meal without | to be, used as desired. Quaiter lb.
other breadstuffsor vegetables; when soap weekly to each ration. No
used at dinner it serves merely as extra or separate rations should be
an adjunct to legetables, asit doe? allowed to individual emigrant*
1857.] Late from Liberia. 143

excepton occasions ofmanifest ill better able to divide them into

ness, when they shouldhe put on (messes orsquads, and assign their
the invalid list, and allowed food berths to eacii member, family or
especially prepared for such, which mess before they come on board,
should consist of gruel or mush, thereby savingmuch inconvenience
rice orrice water, with tea ascases and confusion. Each messshould
may require. Whileon the invalid as near as practicable contain 12
list their regularrations should be adultsand rations, tu be located in
suspended. The aboveis the best berths contiguous occupying three
arrangement 1 am able to make in lengths. A master or head ofeach
regard to serving outand cooking mess should be appointed by the
Ilie rations on board this ship, andI capiain on consultation with the
see no objection to the fit11 and members, who should have the
exact execution of the same, pro general superintendence ol the af
vided ihey receive jourapnroval. fairs of his mess, shallbe the me
I will now makea few sugges dium of communication between
tions in regard to the general man the mess and the capiain, for any
agement of the emigrants, which at purpose whatever, he shall keep
least will assist you in forminga the key of the mess chest, cause
code for future use to he primed ihe ran. ins to be received regularly
and posted up between decks, at ihe galley, brought to the mess
Fgreealily to the United States emi chest and- properly distributed; it
grant law. It will be necesary should be his duty to see that all
however in the first place to sug regulations of the ship, in regard
gest someadditions for the messes to emigrants, whether primed or
and individuals, mostof which will verbal, areenforced, reporting my
be required new at each voyage, delinquency to the captain. Any
viz: a slop or dustbucketto each master of ilie mess may be dis
tier of berths, especially necessaiy placed by the captain and a sub
on first leaving port. Each iness stitute appointed. Ore persononly
should be furnished with a swah of each mess,either themaster or
or mop, hickory broom, dusterand somebody designated by him,shall
pan; but ihe mostimportant addi have access tol lie conk's gallery.—
tion required, and one to become At. the ringingofihe baker's bell, at
a fixture on board the vessel, is a eight in the morning orthereabouts,
mess chest, large enough to con all bread shall beat once forwarded
tain the mess water can, kidds, lo ihe cook, if not there within
vinegar, pepper and salt dishes, thirty minutes ofthe time it shall
coffee and tea kettles, and the not be received. At the ringing
dishes for each member of the of thebreakfast or dinner bell, the
mess, as plates,cups, spoons, knives, kidd or appropriate vessel ofeach
forks, &c. This chest should be mess, shall be presented at the gal
lashed in front ofthe central berths ley by the heads ofthe mess or his
of each mess, and will serve asa substitute, commencing at mess
tableor counter, on which to por number one and so on in order,
tion out theirfood at each meal. and on receiptofthe rations they
If practicable before the emi shall atonce be taken to the mess
grants come on board, the captain chest for distribution. Any objec
i-hnulil be furnished with a list of tion as to the quantity, quality or
them, their ages, the heads of kind ofthe rations must be made at
families, and any connexion be the gal'ey ifat all, and the captain
tween them, that he may be the be appealed toif necessary. Any
144 Late from Liberia. [May,

surplus of food not consumed must ment ofany of Ihe foregoing rules
be kept in the mess chest or put in or regulations, or of others ofa like
the suiil barrel, iiiiy uimecesstry nature which the captain may see
waste of food,scattering the same fit to establish, shall be reprim'and,
on dec-.k or throwing* it overboard, doing extraduty in cleaning decks
f>hall'subject tbe offendertoa sus and waterclosets, curtailing or stop
pension of hisrations. The turn- ping rations of food or water, or
0111bell shall berung everymorning solitary confinementin irons, all at
ntan hour to lie designated by the the discretion of lhe captain, the
captain, at which tune all emi latter punishment, however, to be
grants, health and weather permit had recourse to, only in case ofre
ting, shall come on deck anil wash, sistance or obstinate contempt of
alter which it shall be ihe duty of authority. Parents are to be held
i lie head of eachmess,to see the responsible for the conduct of their
flooror deck in front of the berths children, the headsof messes to a
of his mess half way tothe berth-; certain extent for the conduct of
opposite be thoroughly cleaned, and the members.
ilie dust thrown overboard. The I have extended thiscommunica
entire decks shall also in like man tion very far beyond what I sup
ner be swept up after each meal.— posed would be necessary whenI
In case any wateris spill, or dust commenced it, but I presumed it
or filth deposited, it shall be the was your v ish thatI should make
duty ofthe head of the mess occu any suggestions that might occur
pying (he adjacent berthslo see to lo me whileonboard witha com
its being imineiliately cleaned up. pany of emigrants. 1 am sure it
The masters of the different mes>es will gratify you to see what slight
under the direction ofthe captain additions or alterations I have sug
shall daily in rotation detailtwo or gested in regard lo lhe kind and
three persons 10attend to ihe water quantity of rations furm>hed, the
closets, keepingthemclean and in manner of preparing and serving
pood order umil after dark, lesu- the samr, or in regard lolhe sjeii-
ininir the like dut) at daylight the eial managementof emigr-iiits on
next morning. shipboard, from whatwe both have
The hour lormorning and even practised and endeavoredto enforce
ing prayersin the steerage shall he forthe past fifteen years. The use
fixed by the emigrants, subject to of corn brefld asa daily article of
the approval ofthe captain, that the food, heretofore impracticable, the
same may not interfere with ship substituteof bwcon and sour kraut
duties or meals. At eighto'clock for beefand potatoes two days in
in the evening the roiiringbell shall the week; arid the addition ofa
be rung,alterwhich no unnecessary mess chest, embrace nil the im
noise shall be allowed. On Sun provementsI have seen fit to sug
day, if theemigrants desire it, reli gest. I will add that on all points
gious services maybe held on deck, I have consulted Captain Daniels,
provided thesame shall not inter and whatI have written may rather
fere with the necessary manage be considered aswritten by usboth,
ment of the ship. No improper and be assured that we have not
language, obscene or profane, no failed to giic the whole subject very
fighting,roistering and blackguard deliberale and full consideration.
ing shall be allowed on board by \\ ith much respect,
lhe emigrants, crew orofficers. I am verytrulyyours,
"he penalty ofbreach or infringe JAMES HALL.
1857.] War at CapePalmas.
War at Cape Palmas.
OF the exact causes of this war,
(so deeply to be regretted,) we are
not very fully and satisfactorily in
formed. We copy the following
statement from the Maryland Colo
nization Journal, the editor of which
visited Cape Palmasin 1835,and is
no douHt as well acquainted asany
one in this rountry wilh the ihen—
and probably much earlier — disaf
fection and antipathies growing up
beetweenthe coloni-isandsome ol
the tribes in their immediate \iciniiy.
"Governor Drayton had recently form
ed a mutual alliance with the RockTown
and Cavalla jwnple,with which tribesthe
Greboes had longbeen at variance. His
doing so gave the lattergreat offence, and
they arme.l themselves, pretendingto fear
anaitack from thecolonistsand theirallies,
and ihecolonists, who had longmnicipat-
*d an al'ac4c from thenatives,werenlorm-
eil by a report that they had ' planned to
cut ihem offon their next quarterly meet-
ing day.' Severalpalaverswere held with
tire head men, bui none resultingsatisfac-
tnrily, the Governor declaredwar. The
first baule appears to have been com
menced about noon on the22U ofDecem
ber, byan attack upon the nativesoccu
pying towns*situated between the villages
of Harper nnd Lmrobe, made simultane
ously by colonists stationed in eai-h of
these tillages, and bya bodyof Rock
Tnwn native.H fromambush on the north
side of the river. The townswere fired
and theGreboes forced to retreit. Afew
ofthem were killed, and the colonists lost
one man.
"The natives however returned on that
and the two following nights,and burnt
forty-eight dwellings, including the Pro
testant Episcopal Mission buildings at
MountVaughin. On Christmas day,sixty
colonists with two hundred and fifty of
their allies, attacked and burnt the four
towns at Grahway, six miles below Palmas.
The natives are said to have sued for
peace, but they will nut be permittedagain
to build (owns upon theCape.
"This is the first warbetween thena
tives and colonists at Cape Palmas, and
it is certainlya good evidence of there
* We estimate the entire population ofthese two towns (includingthose temporarily absent atsea)
to nave been over 4,000.
10
145
having existed astrong desire on both
sides to preserve friendly relations, (hat
twenty-two years should have ptig»ed,
since the establishmentofthe colony, with
out one. When Harperwasfirst settled,
the Govennr (Dr. Hall) ratherpreferred
that thenative townson the Cape should
continue to be occupied, as hecould more
readily control the natives in case ofuny
hostiledemonstration. Indeed his stockade
fortso overlooked the large town, that he
cnuld at any timi have easily fired it.
Things have much changed since then,
and the simple right ofway through these
native towns did not meetitie wantsofthe
colonists. GovernorRusswurm frequent
ly tried to indjce them tosell their towns
and move back upon theirfarm lands,but
it was not until alter his death (duringthe
term ofGovernor McGrll in 1852) that 'hey
showed anydisposition todoso; they ihen
volumarily made application for aid and
protection in theesiabiishment ofa town
on the west side ofCavalla River, above
Dinah; butfor some reason gave up the
plan, though encouraged toprosecute it by
promises of the desired aidfromgovern
ment.
"Since then theyhaveshown no desire
to remove, have been more inclined to
complain ofthe government, and less will-
ing to puni.-h people oftheirtowns when
guilty ofpetty thefts from the colonists.
When we last visited the place, in 1S55,
GovernorFront was very anxious lo lay
out a road from acertain locality tothe
river, butcould notdo so, becauseit would
interfere with two antiquatedbamboo huts
belonging to theking, whichhis majesty
would not sell, nor permit thegovernorlo
remove. And hewaseven threatened that
war would result ifhe persisted in moving
them; such annoyances,however slight,
occurring from daytoday, were well cal
culated to createa determination to remove
the natives at all hazards, and it would
not surprise us ifGovernor Drayton has
failed to exercise the sameforbearanceas
his predecessors. It was timeforthem to
remove or adopt civilized habits."
Copiousextracts are published in
the Episcopal Spirit ofMissions for
April, from letters ofBishop Payne
and the Rev. Mr. Hoffman, ofthe
29th and 30th of December, and
from the Rev. Mr. Kambo of Janu
ary 7ih, 1857.
146 War at Cupe Palmas. [May,

Bishop Payne writes— ney intothe intfrior.andto-dayhavesent

to make overtures for peace.
"The past week has been the most "The Cape is now entirelyclear, and
eventful in the history ofthe colony at
will be kept so,and there will be much
Cape Palmas — perhaps themost eventful more security than when two thousand
in the history of the mission. The colon natives were living between the Capeand
ists, moved byvarious provocations, have | Mount Vaughan, thusdividing the settle
burned up all the CupePalmas and Grah- ment.
way towns — tight in number— and driven "Through the whole of this we have
i heir inhabitants (not far below sixthous j endeavored to maintain ourneutrality, and
and) into the forest, or such interior vil i had a numberoffamilies and children at
lages as would afford them shelter; and the Asylum, who came for security; be
the natives, on their part, hare burned sides havingournative teacher, Mr. Har
several unprotected housesin thecolony, ris,and family, and his fourteen scholars.
and amongst them ourfirst- station and our Somenights we have had sixty orseventy
first JlfrUan hame — Mount Vauglum. people beneath our roof.
"Prudence seemed tu require ihat the " Now thir.gs are becoming morequiet,
families residing there (Mr. Gibson'sand and peopleare returning to their homes,
Mrs. Thomson's) should leave on the when not too farfrom the military posts.
breaking out ofhostilities; and the place "In the destruction at MountVaughan
was lelt unguarded and unprotected, ex- Mrs. Thomson has tost every tiling except
r.epi by guns attwo stations on eitherside. I her clothes;her furniture, bedding, books,
On the evening of Chiistmasday it was linen, and household a>(it/cs, which for
seton fire,and thetwo Mission buildings j twenty years have beengradually hccumu-
and officereduced to ashes." j! luting. /hope kindfrimtls inAmericawill
Mr. Huffman givesthe following ] remember her. She wasoneof' the first
teachers in the mission, commencingher
labors in March, Ie36,and has been con
"I write in the midstof therealitiesof nected with the mission eversince.
wnr. On the 13th December,therewasa "The Rev. Mr. Gibson,who also lived
reportthat a conspiracy had beenformed i at the Mount, lost most of his things—his
by the nativesto cutoffthecolonisis. An library among others. Cannotan effort
investigation took place the following; be made to get him a library? He is a
week, which was notsatisfactory to the studious and excellent young man, and
government, and on Monday,the 22d,lhe | makes good use ofgood books
head men were called, and propositions " The excitementof war has interrupted
made fo•their immediate removal, and the a very interestingstate of things in the
purchase of their towns. The.senot being i church. 1 had nearly forty candidatesfor
listened to, warwas declared,and the can |!confirmation, and our Convocation was to
non opened fire on the dwellings of the : have been held the week ofthe war. The
natives; they mnde some resistance, hut ! Bishop could not, ofcourse, come up,and
soon the town wasin flames,and theyfled j all was excitement and confusion.
with precipitation. Only oneof thecolo " In the burning ofthe nativetown, St.
nists was killed,andonewounded. The li Murk'sChurch took fire, and had it not
natives, during that night and the two fol ! been forthe efforts ofMr. Davies it could
lowing, avenged themselves for theloss of 'j not have been saved; the injury done,
trcir towns by burning the houses ofthe I however, was slight."
colonists,and on Christmas "vening (our
secondanniversary) they burned Mount Mr. Rambo writes—
Vuiighan. "This war, itseems, grew in part out
" On that day, n party ofcolonists, with i ofthe wnr last year between the Capeand
their allies, the Rock Town natives, in Rock Town natives. That affair was
conjunction with theCavalla people on the !!nominally, notreally, settled lastApril hy
other side, went to the Grnhway towns, an American man-of-war. .Since thenthe
andafter a pretty warm contest succeeded two hostileparties have not fought, neither
in burning them,four in number,and pro ii havethey exchanged visits.
ceeded down the beachwith 'he Cavalla "Governor Drayton, of the State of
natives toCavulla, where iliey spent the !' Maryland in Liberia, early last month
night. Nota man ofthe co'omsts was ' (December) went upand made the Rock
lust, though the natives suffered, and Town people a visit. They, perimps,
fought bravely. They returned on the li stated their grievances. He, it sreins,
Q7 tli, and the natives fled before them. promisedhis helpand influence to recover
Most of tin.in have gone three days'jour ! certain captives, if1 am rightly informed.
1857.] War at Cape Palmas. 147

The Rock Townpeople,at any rate, form and dumbboys(natives) who ran here for
ed a mutualalliance with theGovernment. refuge"
Soon after this the Cavallanatives (where
After these distressingannounce
Bishop Payne lives) did the same. The
Cape natives and their colleagues, the ments, our readers will hear with
Grahway people, feltchagrined at ;his." pleasure of ihe earnest appeals of
"Out of this state ofthinjrs it was that the Episcopal Board ofMissions for-
the difficulties arosewhich have resulted $5,000. to enable them to rebuild
in the disasters abovementioned."
their Mission House on Mount
In a still later letter, of January Vaughan, and to give relief to the
28th, to the Secretary ofthe Epis Rev. G. W. Gibson, principal ofthe
copal Missionary Board in New HighSchool at that place, andMrs.
York. Mr. Hoffmansays: E. M. Thomson,who may be termed
"War stillcontinues, with less prospect the Mother .if the Mission—both of
ofpeace than before. On the 19thinstant these individualshavingppent twen
the colonists, to the number ofabout sev tyyears in its service. The follow-*
enty, wenttomake an attack on the na
tives at Grahway; a party oftwenty-three ing lelier from the Carrier Dove
wentbythe lake in a large canoe in which must awaken the sympathy of all
was placed a brass cannon; these com Christian heart.*:
menced the attack, met witha very heavy
fire from behind a barricade, andas they "COME OVER AND FIELPUS."
were endeavoring to back the canoe itup DEAK CHILURKN, — The Rev. Dr. New
set, and every one was drowned. Their ton, Rector of St. Paul's Church,Phila
comrades on the oppositeshore retreated delphia, hassent us the following letter
in disorder. Theenemy gained ihus three from the Rev. C. C. Hoffman, one ofour
large canoesand two pieces of cannon. Missionaries in Africa.
Sincethen they have become emboldened,
WHAT IS THE LETTER ABOUT?
have cutofFall communication between the
Cape and Cavalla, and yesterdayfrom am Itgives an accountof a work ofgrace
bush killed one menandwounded another in the Female Orphan Asylum at Cape
who were out getting cassadas. Palmas. Thosewho arehere mentioned
"The governor hasissued aproclama are poor orphan colored children,gathered
tion forthe people now to act on the de into this Christian Home, clothed, fed,
fensive, and to take advantage ofthe sea and instructed. Consider theircondition,
son and plant vegetables. Strictguard is and ask yourselves, how you areimprov
kept dayand night. The governmenthas ing your advantages.
also sent to Monrovia to ask aidfrom the
Republic; and written to theEnglish and Letter ofRev. Mr. Hrffinan.
French Consuls aswell as to the American CAPE PALMAS, WEST AFRICA,
CommercialAgent, for the presence and Jlugvsl 12</»,1856.
aid of a man-of-war. Everything isgoing on in asatisfactory
"There is considerable anxiety (need manner. I have morning and evening
less to some extent)feltamong thepeople. prayer with the children, and generalsuper
I think at presenttheyare ableto defend vision of everything. And youwill heart
themselves, and there is no presentwant ily rejoice to hear that the Godof Love
of food. The Cavnllapeopleon oneside, hasmanifested his presence amongst us.
and the rest of the Grebo tribe on the I had, for somedays, observed amongthe
other, are their allies. children an increasinginterestatour morn
"For our own personal safety I have ing and evening prayer. And on the
little apprehension. The Asylum has evening of the 31st ofJuly, one of the
been a place of refuge on every alarm. girlsasked me ifI had any objection to
The first week of thewar,I must have some ofthe older ones going tothe school
had at least a hundred personsbeneath my room to sing hymns. "Certainlynot,"I
roof, and now my family is sixty; this in replied, " it would giveme pleasure to have
cludes Mrs. Thomson's familyfrom Mt. them do so."i heard their voices in the
Vaughan, the Orphan children; thenative evening,and about 8 o'clock, when the
teacher, N. S. Harris, his family and bell was rungforthem togo to the wash
school; two widowswith seven children, room, I thought I would go over,join them
whose houseswere burned and theirhus in a hymn, and dismiss them. I found
bands killed; and twomostintelligent deaf them gathered together,sobbing and sing-
148 War at Cape Palmat. [May.

ing. Isoon found theywereall apparently j whatshe had to say, she replied, with
deeplyaffected with a sense of their sins. sad lookand voice," She could not say
SoI talkedand prayer wi h them,and send I she felt her sins forgiven." 1 was pleased
ingthe youngest to bed, 1 continued my j with her answer, for it assured me ofher
conversation with theolder ones,someof sincerity. 1 had a blessed lalkwith them.
whom,I learned, had gone wiihout theirj| We sangtogether and prayed. I briefly
supperto sing and pray together. I had,< explained the subject of Confirmation to
at our evening dtvolions, for some daysj them, and reminded them of the Holy
previous, been speakiig ofthe spirituality | Communion, to whichI shall hope to re-
ofGod's law, and of the imputed right- i ceive five ofthem next month, perhaps
eousness of Christ. OnMonday, the 1st|' six. Thewholedemeanor, manner, and
of August,I was obliged to leavemylittle i|expression of these children, indicate the
flock, to takeMiss Alley to Cnvalla, and : greatest sincerity,and give me the sweetest
did not return till Tuesday. That even-j| assurance that the work is God's. You
ing thegirls metagain, and again Ijoined ' will with me, therefore,thankGod forHis
them. Each cameand stood by myside, grace. You will rejoicein thesefirs'fruits
and told me ofher sense ofhersinfulness. from the Orphan Asylum. You will be
|n<l of her hope in Jesus. ToeachI spoke ,' encouraged, and lieglad to seeyour labors
as her case seemed todemand. Asolemna for Africa, owned ofGod, blessed in the
silence pervaded iheroom,and the Spirit ofI1salvation of precious souls, whose lifeand
God seemed tobe movingupon theirsouls. j! conversation may yetwin hundreds more
Some werein tears. We sung together,, to the Lord's fold, and swell Hispraise
"I lay mysins on Jesus,"at'ier which ihey throughout eternity.
wentquietly to the dormitory. Their gen
eral conducthus been in accordance with APPROPRIATE SELECTION OF TEXTS.
their Christian profession. They ha»e I was, tliismorning,(asJ have frequent-
goneto their work,and attended to their ,||y been before,) pleased with theselection.!
studies with faithfulness. On the7th of || oftexts made and repeated by thechildren
August,I was obliged to leavethem again atmorning prayer. One said, "Love not
forCavulla, to attend our Convocation, and the world, nor the things of ihe world;"
you may imagine my regret todoso, under another, "Ye are ot Gcd, little children,
the existing ttate of feeling in whichI left and haveovercome ihem, because greater
the little ones. But it was the work of is He thatis in you than he thatis in the
God, not mine. And when Heculled me world ;"and another, "Let your lijht so
awny, Hecould workas well without as shine before mn," &c. While1 have
with me. I wasabsent from Thursday orly thought it well to say to the five,
till Monday, andI came back to find six "Come, confess your Saviour before
ofthe oldest girls rejoicing in the hope of men," the Spirit ofJesus seems to be in
pardoned sin and acceptance with God. the lillli ones; also, they are sogood. I
On Saturdayall hud gone to the endi fthe must exercise myjudgment in regard to
Cape, aretired and beautiful place, and them niid watch their conduct. It may be
nm'mg the high bushes, knelt in prayer, some more are fitfor a profession offaith.
and sang the praise ofJesus. There tle met Itis a blessed thing ilius to labor forJesus,
them, and filled them withjoy and peace. and see Jesus manifest himselfin our midst.
They cameaway with light hearts. Jesus jl And how it proves "our waysare not His
had been found ofthose who sought him. ' ways." See! lie removes my beloved
He hud received the liitle ones, laid his wife, and they nolonger have her influence
htindson them, r.nd blessed them. I heard or instiuclion; then He takes (heir faith
nothing of this till my return on Monday, ful teacher and leaves them without a
abo'il 4o'cl ick, the smallest childrencame female instructor; and then, when1 am
to say they had done their work, and nlnne — yea,even whenJ am airay, He
wouldI let them go t'i walk,"Yes," and works in them! Even so, Lord, be thine
away they wentwith lighthearts; an hour I!all thepraiseforever and ever.
afterI wentto theschool-room and found
the door locked. Whenopened,I found ARTICLES WHICH THE CHILDREN WANT.
theolder girls sealed together. Asking the I enclose the opening prayerfor school.
cause, they said they were consulting in In my lastI asked, ifit met your approval,
regard tocoming to see me up stairs. I to send some small blanketshavls, a map
told them theycould come when they felt of Palestine, prize books, (Bibles nr
disposed, and leftthem. Soon afterwards Prayer-Bo'tks,) and a dozen pairs ofshoes
they came, and told methey thoughtth»ir j! nnd stockings. f\o\vI wouldadd: straw
sins were forgiven for Jesus' sake. One; hats, small size, for Sunday—of course, it
I stood in doubtof,and whenJ asked her I matters notabout their beingin or out of
II
1857.] War at Cape Palmas. 149

fashion, ifthey are suitable for this cli men and munitions ofwar. The govern
mate, and pretty; some ribbon, also, to ment promptly responded to this call,
trim them, all of one kind—not expensive and acompany of 115 men,well armed
ones, but good; and S'ime tea-cups and and equipped, wasforthwith enrolledand
saucrrs for t^egirls topiny with, would be dispatched to Cape Palmasin the Society's
very pleasing tothem; for f often seethem ship, which happened to bein port atthat
in their play having tea-parlies,and using time. The timely appearance of this
cocoa-nut shells. Some little China or force, the ableand judicious course pur
wooden sets, forrewards, would dowell.* sued by General Roberts, who went
dnwn, in chargeof the troops, and other
ENCOURAGEMENT. — GREAT NEED OF
concurrent causes, put an end to actual
LABORERS.
hostilities,and induced the establishment
Now, dearbrother, without telling you
how the Almightyis working with us at of peace ona basis which promises per
manency.
our otherstations,or how blessed a Con
vocation we had, save that sixty-eight came The friendly feelings shown towards
forward to the Communion, mostofwhom the people of Cape Palmas by thegov
ernment of Liberia, in furnishing assist
were natives, I must close, hoping you
ance in time of their great needand ihe
may hear from othersources whntI would
like to tell myself. Ah! are none coming dangerouscrisis they hadjust experienced,
out to help us? Well, while Godis with induced the citizens of thatplace to take
into serious consideration thesubject of
us, we shallgo onward whether they come
annexation to the republic. Accordingly
or not. \Vecan,however, but pity those
apetition wasdrawn up and signed bya
who, with all necessaryqualifications, re
large majority of the people requesting
frain from givingthemselves to the work
of God. The Saviour's language isours, the Legislaure (then insession) to have
the question of county annexation sub
"Oh, ye of little faith!" Be assuredwe
mitted m the voiceor voteof the people,
are strong in the Lord, even though men
which was granted, and a unanimous
withhold their help They who come
must come willing to suffer and ready to vote given for immediate annexation to
the republic as acounty. A petition lor
die. They who come mustso feelthe love
admission to the republic was drawn up
of Jesus in their hearts that it can burn
and forwarded to President Benson, who
brightly even, if need be, in an atmos
forthwithcalled a special session of their
phere of coldness, indifference, and in-
gratitude. Forso. nfitimes, the mission Legislature to actupon it, and no doubt
aryfee's wholabors nmonir the l-ieathen. the measure will be speedily consum
mated. This changein the government
The salt and the ligln mustbe within,
of" Maryland in Liberia," however, in
shining directly from the Sun of Righte
no degree nffeets tlie free operations ofthe
ousness on his soul, and notreflected from
Maryland State Colonization Society — the
anything without,fordarkness surrounds
republic assuming the position und re
us. Farewell. *
sponsibilities of the State towards the
With love, your brother and fellow
society.
soldier in Christ,
The interiorsettlement or experiment,
C.C. HOFFMAN. as it has been termed, to test theclimate
in ihe interior and compareit with that of
LATEST FROM LIBERIA. the coast, is in afair way of consumma
[From thfi Baltimore Sun the 17th ofApril.]tion. The direction of the undertaking,
By the colonization ship MaryCaroline it will be recollected, was committed to
Stevens, Captain Daniels, ofthis port, 31 the Rev. John Sie\s,so longand favorably
days from Monrovia to the Capes, we known as the superintendentof the Libe-
have intelligence from that place up lo rian mission, and traveling agent of the
the 12th March, at which time affairs Maryland State Colonization Society.—
were generally in a prosperous ccndiiion. After visiting various regions interior to
The war which hnu existed at Cape Bissa and Monrovia he fixed upon an
P.ilmas for the pastfew months, between elevated position,some twenty-five mi'es
the Maryand settlers and the Grebotribe, eastof Millsburgh, as the most suitable
has bee'i brought toaclose,and we trust location for the newsettlement, and forth
a permanent peace established. At one with made preparations for new, unaccli-
period the settlementat Cape PalmasWHS mated emigrants, of which twenty-t vo
considered in imminent peril, and Gov. were selected from the expedition by the
Drayton applied to the republic foraid of M. C. Stevens. They were landed at

' We understand that most ofthese wants uave been supplied.

150 The Ivory Trade.
daylight on tlic 29lh of January, and•
under the immediate care of Mr. Seys
commenced their irmrcli for the interior,
expectinglo lodge butone night on their
way toCareysburg, the new settlement.
Advicesfrom Mr. Seys under the datej
of March 9thannounce but onecase of
lever,and that very light, yieldingreadily
to medical treatment. In the meantime
at least, four-fifths of theother emigrantsI
by the same expedition, located else-
where, have suffered severely from theI
fever. Thus fartheexperiment hassuc
ceeded beyond themost sanguine hopesj
of itsfriends and promoters.
The new settlement at Cape Mountap-j
pears to be in a prosperouscondition, and
promisesto bea healthy one. President
Benson was on a visitto that place when
the ship left.
Trade was very dull; almost all the
small coasting vessels belonging to Mon
rovia and Cape Palmes were laid up in
the rivers; thepalm oil trade heing main
ly in the hands of foreigners — English,
Dutch and American. It was currently
reported in Monrovia thata treatywas in
progress between the Republicof Liberia
and England,by which the subjects of
the latter government are tobe allowed
free- trade at ail the ports and along the
en'ire coast of Liberia,in consideration
of an annual stipenl of$100,000 to be
paid to the republic,the treaty tocontinue
in operation forten years.
The effect of this arrangement, if it
goes into operation,will be to monopolize
the entirecoasttrade by the English.
The Ivory Trade.
ELEPHANTS — Dr. Livingston, the fa
mous African traveler, attended recently
a lecture of Professor Owen, of London,
on ivory,and atthe close of the lecture
was introduced to the audience bythe
chairman, and received wilh great ap
plause. He added a few remarks. He
observed " that huntingthe elephantwas
one of thebest tests of couragethat ex
isted in the world. The Africans believe
that if a man could kill an elephant he
was almost able to do anything in the
way of hunting. Buthuntingan elephant
with dogs was no testof bravery, because
the animal,when beset by dogs,seemed
totally incapable of protecting himself
against his humanassailant. Sometimes
he would go down awkwardly on his
knees, trying to kill the dogs, and at
others he would throw down a tree with
the same object. Meanwhile the man
despatched him with certuinty. In Ceylon
the natives killed the elephant with
[May,
The presidential election was closeat
hand, but occasioned little interest. Mr.
Benson's administration has been very
popular, and hewill have littleor no op
position. Measureshave beentaken for
theerection of thenew college,but from
various causesof delay it will not go up
until thenext dry season. The agricul
tural interestsof the republicare materi
ally improving. The raising of sugar
cane is no fiction. Fields offive, ten and
fifteen acres are common on theSt. Paul's
river, and two plantations have over fifty
acres each ofgood cane fit for grinding.—
One steam mill is in operation, and avery
large one is expected outfor Mr. Rich
ardson, the largest sugar planteron the
St. Paul's.
The M. C. Stevens proves to be in
every respect nn excellent vessel,being an
uncommonly easy sea boatanda very
fast sailer. •
Passenger list of the M. C. Stevens.—
Cnbin —Rev. D. A. Wilson, lady and
child; Rev. Francis Burns. Wm. H.
Daviea, Capt. Wm. Champion,J.' Gard
ner Blackwood, jr., Mrs. James B. Mc-
Gill, Mrs. Smith, Mrs. Philip Koker,
Philip Koker, jr., Miss Ann Wilkins.
Miss Kate Strobet, Dr. JamesHall,Miss
C. M. Hall. Steerage— Wm. Waters,
Jefferson Waters, Thos. Lilleyson, Henry
Lilleyson, Elizabeth Lilleyson, Edmund
Weir, MarthaWeir,Nathan Floyd, R'd
Floyd, John Floyd, B. Floyd, Elizabeth
Floyd, Silas Elliott,John Cooper,James
Blakeand Thos. Cropp.
spear, butin Africathey generally stood
at thesideof the elephant, and at thirty
yards halfa dozen balls would kill, though
at agreater distance it would take fifty,
When in Africa he desired to ascertain
the numberof elephants killed annually,
and for thatpurpose he took notes of the
parties who hunted hislocality, and the
result of their sport. Therewere hunters
from England — gentlemen from India on
furlough. There were Boers, who be-
lievtd themselves (hebravest people on
the face of the earth. Therewere na-
lives, and there were the bastard Boers,
Theselatter were exceedingly anxiousto
gethold of the ivory, for the sake of the
high price it brought. The average of
the English officer's ba? was abouttwenty,
that of the Boer about two,and that of
the native am] bastardBoernearly luilfnf
one From thisitwould seem thatcivili
zation did not necessarily produceeffemi
nacy. The reason theEnglishman killed
1857.-] The Noble Donation of Mr. Hunt. 151

more than anyother was, that lie went aboutnine feet. Still moresingular, that
close up totheanimal, while the others the tusks of thesmallerspecies should be
stood a long way oil, afraid togo near, three feet longer than those of thelarger.
and deeming the killingof one elephant I He had often tried to explain it, but he
«n eventof their lives. The numberof hud not discovered the reason until timt
elephants in South Africa, as proved by night, when Professor Owen had told
details brought to England by Gordon them that where the animal was undis
Gumming, was very large, but further turbed by man,and had abundantvegeta
north the number was siill greater. It tion, the tusks grewmore regularly than
seemed strange,that,while the elephants in ihoseparts wherethepeople used fire
in the south were abouttwelve feet, those arms. Theelephants in thesouth of Af
in parts muchfurtherto thenorth, where rica were so numerous, that he could
the country was more fertile and there scarcely calculate atall when they would
was an abundance of food, were only become extinct."— Md. Col. Journal.

TheNoble Donation of Mr. Hunt.

AT a meeting of the Executive nificent donation o(twenty-fiveIhous-
Committee of the American Colo anddollars. Thecommercial agei.l.s
of Mr. HUFT, in New Orlean.-, in
nization Society, on the 3d instant,
sendinga draft for this amount to
the followingresolution was> unani the Rev. Win. McLaiu, Financial
mously adopted: Secretary of the Society, say: ' Mr.
"Resolved, That, this Committee HUNT is now full ofyears, and the
have learned, with gratitude and executor ofhisown benevolence."
admiration, ofthe princely donation Mr. HUNT acts wisely. He dis
of $25,000, received by the Finan penses his own bounty. *• * *
cial Secretary, from a venerable " Mr. HUNTloved the Coloniza
friend and benefactor of this So tion Society for its philanlhropical
ciety, DAVID HUNT, Esq., ofMiss objects, and its ameliorating social
issippi; and record,not only their and religious influence upon th«
deepsense of the obligations con African race. He hasdone a good
ferred on this Society, bythis arid work, ihe author and agentof his
former repeated liberal benefactions own benevolent feelings, iheseeker,
from Mr. HUNT, but iheir earnost not ofa future noloriely byposthu
prayer thatthe benefitsdesigned for mous or dead liberality ina leMo-
Liberia by thismost generous gift, nientary bequest, but ofa living
may through ihe blessingof Provi usefulness. He sets a good ex
dence be realized, and ihe giver ample to olhers,both in theamount
richly rewarded by knowledge ol of his donaiion, and in the lime
thegood accomplished, and a per and mode of making it. There
petual sense of theDivine favor." will be no squabbling overthis gift
The Richmond Christian Advo when he is dead. He subjects his
heirs at law to no temptation to
cate, very justly, amongotherthings
litigation, to upset his will, to prove
says, of this great act of Mr. HUNT, his incompeiency 10 makea will,
"DAVID HUNT, Esq., of Rodney, and takes care that lawyers shall
Mississippi, who for some yearsj not get one-halfof his donation in
pist has annually contributed fivf> secure ihe other half toihe object
hundred dollars to ihe American of his benevolence. Go, and do
Colonization Society, Its." within thoo likewise, is the suggestion of
the last few wrelis added the this case to all who are able to
crowning expression of his kindly give, and intend togive in and by
feelings tothe Society by the mu their ' last will and testament.'
 Table of Emigrants.
Showing the number of Emigrants sent to Liberia by the American colonizatiom Society and its Auxiliaries, from each Stats, in the several expeditions 152
from1820 to 1857, inclusive.

Names of vessels. Dale of sailing.

.
.

.
.
Ship Elizubeih, February. .182

. .
. .
Brig Nuuliius,. .... February. .182

.
.
.
Brig Sirong,. June......18‘22

.
.
Brig Oswego, . Murch.....1823
5Suh0uner Fidelity . June......1823

.
GShip Cyrus, . Jnnunry...1824

. .
. .
.
. .
. .
. . .
. . .
Brig Hunter, Jnnunry...lU25

.
.
.
.
.
SBrig Vine . Januury...ldil(i
Ship Indian Chief. . . Februury..l*‘26

.
.
.
10 Brig Doris,. .. . February..1827

. .
. .
.
.
.
.
11 Brig Doris,. .. November. 18
fllschooner Randolph . l)ecember..1827
13|Brig Nautilus, . . January-“1828

. .
. .
.
. .
. .
“Ship Harrier” . Jumlnry...1829

.
.
Table of Emigrants.

sinrig Liberia .... .. December..1829

.
16.821; Monlgomery,. April .... ..ld3U

.
'lgsehouner Cnrohnian . November. 163

.
.
B‘Brig Vnlmlun. ... DcceinberUlbJlJ......

.
19 Scnnoner Reaper,. Jununry...183l

.
0 Brig Criterion . .luly...--..153l

. .
. .
. . .
.
.

. .
.
QliSchuuner Orb-n October. .153
‘Ship James Perkins. December..|83l
3 Schooner Crawford, Jnnunry...1832

.
.
.
. .
24'Ship Jupiter. .. . M.‘\y......183:2

.
.
25|Brig American, . July. ......1632

.
.
26§hip Jupiter. .. Nuvember. 183

.
. . .
. .
. . .
Ship Hercules. . December..l832

.
.
2:; Ship Lafayellq. Deceun'1el'..|832_

. .
. .
[May,

.
. . . December..1832

[..
9 Ship Roanoke
 Table of Emigrants.—Continued
1857]
Names of vessels. Dale of sailing.

.
.
.
.

.
.
30’Rrig American, March. .. .1833
.

.
.
SllBrig Ajax,.. Muy. .1833

.
. .
. .
. .
Mercer ..1833
32‘Sch Margaret

.
33 Ship Jupiter. .. . November. 1833

. z
.
.
. .
. .
.

.
.
34l1rig Argus. .. De¢ember..18 33
35,Ship Ninus,. .. . October. .1834

.
. .
. .

. .
. .
.
March. . .1835
36iBrig Rover.

. . .
. .
. . .
. .
37|Ship Louisiana. March... .1835
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3riiShip1nd|nna . . June . .. 1835
39§Brig independence December. .1835

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
40 Brig Luna, March. . .1836.

. .
. .
. .
. . .
. . . .
4. Schooner Swift April. . .1836

.
.
. .
. .. .
42 Brig Lunn July. .ld36
.

.
43 Brig Rnundnul,. December. .1836

.
.
.
44 Schonner Orienml May. . ..1837

.
.
. . .
. . .
. . .
45 Ship Emperor . December. .1837
Iii Svh- Churlntle Harper Dei'evnilel'. .1837

.
.
.
.
.

.
. .
. .
. .
41 Barque Marine January. ..1838
Table of Emigrants.

.
.
48 Brig Mail.......... May. . . .1838
49 Ship Suludn .. Fe||ruary..l83
9

.
.
.
50 Ship Salulla . August. .1839 .

. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
.
5] Ship Sailulln .. February. .1840 .

.
.
. . . .
. . . .
SQiBarque Hobart . September. 1840 . .

.
.
53 Brie: RuJnlpiiGroning Februnry..184 l
54 Barque Union ... May .....184 1

. ..
.
. .
.
55|Ship Saluda. October. .1841

. .

. .
.
56|Ship Mmipnsn, . . June. . .
.1842

. . .
.
. . . .
Gi|-be,. . . December .1842
57‘Rnrque

.
.
.

.
June. . .1843.
fifllBarque Rennwm.

.
.
59|Barqne Lalrnbe. . . . Nnvember. [843
Gfi'Rrig Lime Rock. March. ..1844

.
.
. . . .
. .
. .
.
. .
. .
Gllship Virginia,. June. .
.1844
153
 T1111“ or Emonnvn—Confinued.

-
-

.
I - I

_
I

I
"‘ —- O

c’
Nnmesofveasels.

.5

c‘
2'
Dutcofsailing. 0

Q5
E
a L

E
>12 ___
z 2moZZcuC2Q>ZwL7<|E~1E~tdo'£;:22‘£

.
.
.
.
.

l.
Novembenl?“ .. 1...]...

.f
6'3,BrigCh|poln.......

.
.
....Im'...

.
sashipnummkbn... 11111101111191.1845...I . .. ...l6613 .!..

.
.
.
54.'BurqueR0th'schild.. January...l846 2534 2.. .

.
.
.
.
651111111111;ch111ham,...~Mny......1846 .. .
fiquberiupnckumuu DecemberHIBMS 1.. .. 25,,

.
.
.
.
.
6i,s.-11.Marywnkes.. Jwumy...ls41 _ 4... 1.. a. .. amt...

.
.
.

2
.. 13 24 ...| .. . ...l.
Gd‘LiberiaPackeLu...Septembenlt“?

.
.

. . . .
23135 37.. 2e‘.

. '.
691Barq.NehemiahltichJanuury...l848

.
.
.
Vlm‘11'igAmaznn.......February-.1848 . 1... 8.. 28 1...

.
.
.
.

7l'LiberiaPacket...... A1111......1s4s ..134 .. ’...'. .

I.._\..

1
.
. _ . _ . . _ _ .

001.110.11.111“ my......1848 ...‘. ..L.

72l8rig 45|54...'...'.....

1
4.. 15 8... 2.. 1..
..l

'JZJILiberiaPucReLH...Septemhenl848...!......
-
.

74BnrqueLnura,......Janu:1ry...18~|9 ...1...|.. 914525--

75|LiberiuPackel...... Februaryulmi) 3... 146 ..'...‘...’..

.
.
.
76Clinl0nia\Vrigh|-... April...--.IB49 ...'...’. .. .. .. .. 2‘... .. 19...’...L.
.
.
.
.
,
. ,

"IBM-qua Huma...... Mny..-...l849 5013]

1
78yLiberiaPnckeL. AugufluHlB-VJ 2... 11!......!.. ..

.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

NILiberiuPackeLH...Junu11ry...1850. 1. .. . ...! ...’ ._

.

69'65...
I.

..
arm [0 wwm ‘wy

BU,BarqueChiefL-\in.... Februnry..1850 131154 I.

.
.
1

.
.
ElSch.D.C.Fos!er,.. Mar.-h.....1sso . 3519. 11.... l.. ..
.
.

1
1

82Llberi11l’acket,..... July.......]850 .. 1.. .. 14.. ..\.. ..

2|... “371.

l
$3BnrqueEdgar......October....]850 I... 12...!" 0.1....“ .. ..

.1

2
a
s
B4L1l1eriuPackcLn...Docemher..1850...|... 91.. 15....
ESBrigAI1d:I,......... Februnryulflfil 42..
BGBrIgSCQKWOWUHH MarvhuuJBSl a..}ss1s

.
. .

B'lfiurqueBuhimm'e... April......185l 2s'98......'.. .. . ..

.

6
8t3L|ber1aPuckct...... July.......l85l :1|...44... .. ..
HQBnrque'ImnOHH...Seplembz-I'JHSI 9... 20 4... 1..-.... ...|- ..
.

DUBnrqueMurgam Dix Nnvembl'nlfifil l3............'. H... ..

.
.

al'LlhermpuvkeLn... DeccmbenJHJI
9

11... 10... 66.. ...‘. 25L. .. ..

9-211.-1g1..111p..111.....Ju-mmy...1$.m 11; 113'16'.
1|

93,3.1'11111-Rnlphcrm. Wynn-.1145‘:...'.........'2|i 1... 1.4811s...‘11.....4_......‘...l 1......122‘...!...

 Table of emigrants―Continued
1857.]
- Numesofvesseis. Duleofsailin".

943mg Ofl0h....“...[Ocwber..“]852
95;Bm'.JnsephMaxwelQNovembenlflSQ
QG‘Bar.LindaStewart.“NovembenJSSQ
QIBurqueShiriey.....ENovember.1852
98,P,rig Zebru.........!December..1852
998hfl1Bunshee".....|AprH....“1853
1001811111110Shi1~ley......lJune......]853'.
1mmmmAhmmuJmmuudmann.n.H“.
102bhq>Banshee“.....iN0vmnbern1853
103giln1'quelsla de CubaNovembenJSSS
lO4'BrigGen’l Pierce... December..l853
IUR<hH)SOPhh1YVaWcL nauy .....1854-
June.

.
InfiBrigHarp...
1oznurk EswHe...n... OcL..

.
10§Ship Euphrafla..... Nov.....h1ss4
109i3flz13en.Piuce.... 08¢ ..... ..l854
Cnra....n....

.
iuinark Adny......l855
llbBmkCnm.Hu.n..Nom.n.nfifi5..u........
Table of Emigrants

ImmmLmmmhuflmmmuJws41vlui1HH“.H.
111sh1p Elvkn(3wenu.‘L1uy......1856
H4Shq1M.C.&ewn& Dem.n..J856
Recapilulaliun. District
Massachusetts.............,..34!Virginia...................3.315
Rhode Island............._....33’North

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Connemicul . . . .. ......fliisouth

.
.
New "ork . ...........JUQGeOrgia..................

. .
. .
. .
.
.
.
New Jerey . ... . .......351Alnbamu.......
Pennsylvania"............“HQlMississippi..................53610
Dula\vare............ ......5lLouisinnn.......

.
.
.
.
Maryland. . . . .5lU;'I‘ennes.~

‘
i ‘ 4: fi__
Nina—The above does not m—c'lfidet
"

in
01' " Maryland Liberia.
155
 156 Intelligence. [May,

Intelligence.
NATIVE CHIEFS. —"[ had prepared my ister. Hewas accordingly sent, and on
self with the requisites lor a tramp back arriving his excellency directed him to
intothe bush, with a view of seeing the me. I told him that on Friday1 would
chiefs at their towns, discoursing with give him my answer. In themeantimeI
them franklyand at length, about theob have called upon thePresident to ascertain
jects of our mission, selecting sites for hisopinion of the valueand reliability of
missionary operations, and presenting the deputation. He is ofthe opinion ihat
ihern with presents suited to their stand it is one ofthe deepest interest, and ousht
ing, etc. etc. 1 however learned,on my to be met by a cordial response. This
arrival, that the President hud desired a conclusion I had reached previously,and
convention ofihem at llobertsporl, in order am glad to find my own views sofully
to arrange some misunderstandingsamong agreed with in the expressions of his
themselves, requiring his interposition.— excellency.
They did not all attend. —I nevertheless "Yours most respectfully,
saw most ofthem; wasintroducedtoihem [Missionary Advocate.} F. BURNS."
l>y the President in the diameter of a
missionary; was warmly greeted, and WORTHY OF IMITATION.—The Southern
pressed to visit them attheir towns, with Presbyterian, in speaking of the Anson-
every assurance of gladdening welcome street Colored Church, Charleston, S.C.,
and protection in the prosecution of our says:
missionary work. I have notseen in Af "Onethingabout this church we must
ricaanymen hearing in theirwhole mien, mention Although composedexclusively
physical conformation and appearance, of colored persons, and with few excep
such marks ofhigh mental endowment as tions ofslaves, besides a regular contribu
these chiefs. The elevation ofthepeople tion to Foreign Missions, the membera
they represent would evidently reflect a make a weekly collection for the feeble
glory upon the Church and Christ, her and sick of iheirown congregation. In
(.M-eat Head, in moreways thanone. Dr. some instances theyhave appropriated $50
Durhin is aware they haveelaborated an per annum to asingle individual of this
alphabet and a written language of their class. How many churchesofthewhites
own, which increasingly is becoming the in our land do better than this? How
medium of epist"lary, commercial, and many are there thatdo not halfso well?"
even international communication. Pres
ident Benson received, in this character, STEAM SUGAR MILL FOR LIBERIA. — We
aletier from oneof thechiefs, which was are happy loannounce tint ihefunds have
as readily interpreted by another chief, been pledged necessary to furnisha steam
nowin myservice there, as can becon sugar mill for the prosperous and enter-
ceived. :|prisingfarmers of the north bank of the
"Tliis to«fc, since my return, my heart St. Paul's River, Liberia, to cost fiveor
was both surprised and gladdened byth« six thousand dollars, and that, if practij
arrival ofa very important deputation from cable, it will be shipped in May. —J*f. x.
the natives ofNillbu;a people situated Col. Journal.
nearly midwaybetween Sinou and Cape
Palmos, and amongwhom neither mis ABTSSIN-IA. —Letters from Alexandria
sionary nor teacherhas ever been sent. have announced the death of Theodore
A leidmg man oftheir large tribe came, King of Abyssinia.
by the President's direction,to my house, DAHOMT —Two sons ofGheso, King of
bearing acertificate of hischaiacter and Dahomy, have arrived in France to be
standing in his tribe,and also of the ob educated.
jects of his coming to Monrovia, signed CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. — By the last ac-
by the superintendentnf the Sinou settle counts from this colony, apprehensionsof
ment and several ofour lending citizens war with the Kaffirs slill continued; the
there. He stated tiiat his people had latterare represented as making efforts to
come to the conclusion lo have no more injure the crops in their neighborhood.-Ib.
war, to educate their children and train
themto become a people likethe Ameri THE BRITISH WEST INDIES. — At a meet
cans. That in orderto effectthis,asthey ingin London to take measuresto present
snw themselves unable to doit,they came an appropriate testimonial to Dr. Living
to the conclusion 10 senda deputation to stone, the African traveler, Mr. Mont-
thePresident ofour Republic, to furnish gomery Martin made the followingstate-
hem witha teacher and a Christianmin- ment:
1857.] Intelligence. 157

He had recentlyvisited the West Indies tnnt office in theirown country. Though
to ascertain if the emancipation of the iniirli criticised by all parties, he is no
slaveshud produced ruin there. He found more guilty ihnn his companions. — Cor-
there a free, happy,and prosperous popu respondince ojN. 0. Picayune.
lation, (hear, hear;) and speaking com
mercially, the WestIndies now yield more THE ASHMUN INSTITUTE, an important
rum, augur, and otherproduce, than they institution for the benefit ofour free Afri
had ever done during the existence of can population, has been organized and
slavery, (hear, hear.) Since theabolition put into operation by the Presbyieryof
ofslavery in the West Indies, not a drop Newcastle. The following is the pros
of blood was shed, nota single crime was pectus:
committed — nor was there destruction of Tlie Jlslimun Inslitvlr — Ji Cfllige and
property throughout the whole of thej Tliiological Seminary ./'"' Hit Education "/
West Indies. (Cheers.)—JV Y. Col. Jour. Colored Mtn. —The Trustees of this Insti
tution respectfullyannounce that they have
New MISSIONS IN CENTRAL SOCTH AF electedtheRev. John P. Carter, of the
RICA.—The Directors of the London Mis Presbytery of Baltimore, President ofthe
sionary Society metrecently, specially to; Faculty, and expect to open its sessionson
consider the measures proper to beadopt the 1st ofJanuary, 1K57. •
ed as theresult of Dr. Livingstone's dis The course ofinstruction will be liberal
coveries. Itwasunanimously determined and thorough, designed to preparestudents
that immediate Rteps should be taken forI for the work ofmissionaries in Africa,for
^he establishment, in the firstinstance, cfi theGospel ministry among the colored
two principal stations, the one on the people in this country, and forany other
north of the great riverZambe.-e,amongj position of usefulnessto which theymay
the Makololo; and the otheron thesouth,i be called.
among the Matabele, the subjects ofthe' The collegiate year will be onesession
great chief Moselekalse. There is everyI ofeight months, commencing on the 1st of
reason to believethatMoselektilse would; September, and closing on the 1stof May.
be delighted to receive Mr. MofTat and For theological studentsthere will be no
missionaryassociates into his country. It charge for tuition. Theironly expense
may be anticipated nolessconfidently thnt will be for boarding and incidentals, per
the tribes ofthe Makololo wouid welcome session, J85.
Dr. Livingstone as a resident Christian Students not having the ministry in
teacher. It is intended thatfellow-labor view, will be charged, per session, $110.
ers should be employed both with Mr. Thissum covers all expenses for tuition,
Moffat and Dr. Livingstone; and someof boarding, and incidentals.
these, it is thought,may befound in South As it is not expected that the classof
Africa, already acquainted with the Si- personsfor whose benefit this institution
cl,uana language —Cot. Juwnal. is established, will beable to sustain them
selves in receivingan education, andas it
THE SLAVE TRADE. is not designed, at the presenttime, toat
Havana, March!, 1857. —The slave trade tempt toendow the institution,the trustees
is quite active now, and vesselsarealmost nppeiil to theChristian community to fur
dnily despatched to the coast, of Africa. nish those meansusthey may be required.
The brig Miller, formerly of yourcity, They look i.> the churches and oiliereccle
Btii'ed hence on the 4th. She clearedin siastical bodies, Mid 10 benevolent masters,
this custom hous-e for Montevideo, but to furnish both thestudents and the means
everybodysaw her slave deck whenshe to educate them.
was hepg fined up in Regla. Wehear of The trustees have erected suitablebuild
landings all along thecoast; and the fact ings for the residence ofthe faculty, mid
is so notorious, that every or.e beginsto a college edificefor theaccommodation of
believe thatcertain parlies, high in office, forty pupil.--, embracing a fine piayerhall,
not excluding foreigners, have lended recitationand Mudying rooms,&c.
themselves to thescheme, and are in pos The location is at Hinsonville, Chester
session ofnice sums for their complaisance. County, Pt Misylvunlit,surrounded by the
• BrigV Lerrano,Governor ofTrinidnd. is Prexbyierian congregations of Oxford,
reported to have realised over $200,000 Fagg's Manor, and New London; and
within the last ihreemonths,forwhich he cnn be reached by public,conveyance from
hasbeen removed from office by General Parkesburg, on the Columbia Railroad,
Concha. He is a native of thetown of Pennsylvania, and from Newark, Dela
Puerto Principe, anil one ofthe lew Cubans ware, on the Philadelphia, Baltimore,and
who haveever been able to getanimpur- Wilmington Railroad.
158 Intelligence. [May.

Donations in money, library and text Gcoon.trtttcst..—At the meeting or the

books, apparatus, furniture, clothing, &c London Geogtttphical Society, Feb. 23. it
will be very thankfully received. paper was read on “The Progress of the
Communtca'ions relating to the institu- Egyptian Expedition up the Nile, under
tion may be addressedto the commandof Comt d’Escayrttc de Lau
‘tsv. J. P. CARTER, ture,” in whicltit was s'ated that the naval
Presidentof the Faculty; or portion of the expedition under the com
Rttv. J. M. DICKBY, tnand of Mr. 'l‘royford, htts ascended, but
Pris Board of Trustees. with great difficulty, the lower cataract,
Oxford, CheaterC_o.,Pa. and early in January had arrived in the
town or New Dongola. But the Count
The Presbytenan of the “fest says that himself, partly on account of the dificuL
since the slave insurrections,the city gov ties created by the German satiam associ
ernment of Memphis, Tenn , have passed atedwith him, httdbeenobliged to suspend
an order forbidding negroes to preach in further operations until the next season.
that city, and imposing a fine of $50 to This ascent of the lower cataract is stud
$200 for teaching negroes in Sabbath have been the first, by a steamer. This
schools, or elsewhere. expedition, we believe, was dettpatchedby
the Pttsha of Egypt for the purpose ofdis
Exontis or Ftttte Cotnttso covering the source of the Nile.
PttoPLs.
In consequenceof the recentstringent en
actments in Florida, touching their iii-
terests, forbidding trade with them and DEATH or ANDERSSEN THE TRAVELLER.
appointing guardians over them, it large —The Faitrrlamtetofbtocltholm, of March
number of the free colored population ot 2, says:—-\Ve havejust. received the news
Pensticoltt, mechanics, 61.0.,have deter ofthe deuthofthe celebratedSwedish trav
mined npon chartering a vessel in the eller, Mr. Anderssen. He some time ago
spring, and emigrating in a body beyond setout on his thlrd journey into the interior
the confines of the United States,Tnmpico 0t‘Africa, to make zoological researches,
bElll! their immediatedOHLiIItlIiUIL—Cllfl‘rlesand after having explored the banks ofthe
ton Standard. Ttoghe nnd ofLuke Ngami, he undertook,
tn company with an Englishman, Mr.
lMPORTAN‘l‘AND Ctintous ritou Asra~ Green an excursion in an easterly direc
NlNllh—LEUOI'Hfront Abyssinia and Egypt tion, and succeededin reaching tt country
mention thtit the Christian King Theodore in 0 which no other European ever pene
is developing natural talents of a high irated. There he met n young elephant
order. He hits not only great personal and went in pursuit ofit; just as he was
courage, but powers of combination and on the point of overtaking it it very lar~'e
Organization which mark him outss likely elephantjoined it; two natives fired on the
to play a striking part in this remote corner latter and wounded it, on which the animal
ofthe world. Hehas got togetheran army nttticked Mr. Alidh'bf" and killed him by
of 15,000men, and is desciiuetl as the Mo trutnpling hint under foot. Mr. Ander
ltttmtned Ali of the Upper Basin of the sen was buried on the spot on which he
Nile. KingTheodore’sat‘itndcgivesgreat was ki led. His numerous and valuable
umbrsge tn theEgyptian Government,and collections have beendepositedat the Con
it is feared that there may be a collision , sulale ofSwedcn and Norway, at the Cape
on tht: southern frontier of the Egyptian 01 Good Hope.
possessionsin Soudan. This is altogetherI} The sad news hitsalso reached London
it new feature in the history of Eastern ;‘ of the assassination of Dr. Vogel, on his
Africa. Further details are desired withl journey from Kult'tt to the Nile.
great impatience. Abysinitt, its is welll
known, is the Switzerland of the upper
regions of the Nile, being a mountainous Cum-mt. AI‘ltcA.—Rev. Dr. Livingstonis
countr" with abundant pastures. Thei busily engagedin preparing for the press
faith of the inhabitants is Christian ofthe no account (it his travels, and hopes to
Coptic rite, and they receive their Patri leave England for his old scene of labor
nrch from Egypt, which they rezsrd as before April closes. Influenced by his
thespiritual metropolis. They speak and discoveries in Central South Africa, the
wtite the ancient Ethiopic language; but London Missionary Society has deter
they have among them many Jews of the. mined to establish two missionary sut~
Kttrttite, but not of the isroelite, form.‘ tions there.
The females areof great beauty, and are
sold in huge numbers for the liuretns ofi The Slave Trade—lt is calculated the
Cairo—C. Mirror. profits realized yearly hunt the Africln
 Receipts. 159

slave trade amount to eleven millions of A Lucky Slave.—The Philnd'a Ledger

dollars, while the capital investeddoesnot has adespatch from Louisville,Ky., stating
perhaps exceed four millions; that there that a prize of$oO,000 was drawn in a
is a fleet offorty vessels manned bya total lottery, on Tuesday, at that place, of
force ofneatly a thousand men, tnd that which one-halfwas owned by a slave. His
by means oftite fleetsome thirty thousand masterdeducted the value of theslave, and
slavesare exported yearly from the coast of gave him the balanceand his freedom.
Africa.
TheshipWild Pigeon has been sold by
Liberia a Sugar Producer. — Letters Oliphani's Sons lo Messrs. John Randal
from Liberia stale that the culture ofsugar &, Co. for $40,000, andis to be withdrawn
has been carried on so prosperously thai from the China trade, in whichshe has
several sugar growersare talkingabout achieved so many rapid passages,under
exporting it largely to the United States. command of Capt. Hanson,and is to be
One of them, named Richardson, expects placed in the trade of the West Coastof
toshiptwo hundred hogsheads of sugar, Africa, under command ofCapt. Mayo.,
of his grinding. lute ofIhe ship G. B. Lamar.

Receipts of the American Colonization Society;

FromMarch20 to April 20, 1857.
MAINE
By Rev. J. Orcutt:—
•Augusta — H. Davis, I.W. Brnd-
Imry, R. Williams, L. W.
Lithgow, each $5; E. A.
Nas.»n,§3; W. P. Hallett, G.
W. Stanley,each $2; J. Hedge,
.1. L. Stevens, S. C. Wine-
house, Leland & Brooks, Dr.
Harlow, .1. W. Dorr, each $1.
Portland — A Friend
MASSACHUSETTS.
Lovull — L. ICeese, to constitute
Cyrus rfiebblns, Esq., of'Grun-
by, Mass., a life member of
the American Col. Society....
CONNECTICUT.
By Rev. J. Orcutt:
jBii'/gfpori-Ebtn Fairchild, $100;
A Lady, $30, to constitute
l!ev. George E. Thrall,a life
member of theA. C. S.; Mr.-.
Lllen Porter, §15, in full to
constituteherself a life member
ofthe A. C. S.; Mrs. Silvanus
Sterling, Mrs. Ira Sherman,
II. M. Htne, S. Tomlinson,
each $10; Mrs. A. Bishop,
Mrs. W P. Burrall, H.Lyon,
S B. Jones, Airs. Samuel
Simons, J. C. Loomis, F.
Wood, Rev. G. S. Coil, D.
D.. Mrs. H. K. Ham.!!,each
$5; S. Sterling, Capt. B'ssit,
each «j3; Mrs.G. F.Hussey,
T.C. Warden, Mrs. G.Thomp-
u>u,S,Hart\vell, M tsses Ward,
D. H. Sterling, Dr. Judson,
each $2; N. Beardsley, G,
Sterling, Cash, S. B. Fer
guson,Cash, each §1
Esstx — Mrs .Tenisha Hayden,
$10; Judge Ingham, $5; H.L.
Chainplin, $.'i; E. W. Pratt,
Mrs. Joseph Hayden, W.H.
Doane, C. M. Smith, J. S.
Chapman, A. Stalker, each
$2; Elias Pratt, T.T. Denison,
G. K. Dickinson, Mr. New-
hall, Geo. Spencer, each jjl. .. 35 00
33 00 Lyme — Mrs. Mather, Miss Mc-
10 00 Curdy.each $5;Mrs M A.Per
kins, Cash, ea. $2; Rev. D. S.
43 00 Brainard, Rev. Mr. Gardiner,
D. R. Noyes,C. C. Griswold,
Mrs. Lord, each $1; Mrs.
Chndwick, Cash, each 50 cts. 20 00
Noiwalk —Judge Butler, Misses
30 00 Relden, O. S. Ferry, Henry
J. Hoyt, each #5; W. L. Lock^
wood, $3; Ex-Governor Bis-
. sel, A. Mallory,each $2 27 00
Dnuburu — R.Hoyt,E. T. Hoyt,
each $5; G. W.Ives, $3; Rev.
Mr. Coe, R. Averill, each$2;
Dr. Rider, $1 18 00
Hartford E G. Howe,Judge
Storrs, each $.^;G. VV. Moore,
G. S. Lincoln & Co.,J. Church,
H. R. Hills, S. G. Savage,
each $3; Judge Huntington,
Wm. J. Hamersly, each §2;
A. S. Stillman, .1. E. Cone,
W. N. Matson, A. R. Skin
ner, H. E. Ely, S. C. Preston,
each §1 35 00
IUeen—J. C. Hollister.. .. 200
NEW JERSEY. 392 00
AVw Brunswick—Rev. J. J. Jane-
way, D.D., ann'l contribution, 100 00
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
Washington — Dr. Lewis A. F.d-
255 00 warde 30 00
160 Receipts. IMay, 1857.]

Georgetown— C. E. Rittenhouse. 20 00 Jones, each $10; Miss E J.

Morrison, $5; Mr. Evans,
50 00 $2.50; by Rev. C.Kingsbuiy. 37 50
NORTH CAROLINA.
ByRev. W. H. Starr:— Total Contributions,$26,105 25
Eilrn' on — J. C. Johnson, $100;
Miss F. Roulhac, Col. T. L. FOR REPOSITORY.
Skinner, eiicli $10; Mrs. Greg Massachusetts. — Dighton-Ben-
ory, $5; Miss E. B. Skinner, jamiu Trafton, for 1857 1 00
\V. R Skinner,each $3;T. New Jersey. -Baakingridge-Rev.
B. Howell, G. W. Elliott, J. C. Rankin,toJan. ,58 200
Mrs. Burton, Mrs. Norfleet, Pennsylvania. —Newburgh J.
Mrs. S. E A. Morgan, B. M. Means, for 1856 1 00
H. Bullock, C. Robertson, A. Virginia —Moore's Ordinary-Col.
\V. Clayton, Cush, each $1; Joseph Dupuy, toOct. '57,$t.
C. Britt, Miss Bland, Mrs. Richmond — W. Williamson, $1,
Hudguis, each 50 cts 141 50 for 1857; Mitchell &Tyler,
McBrides — Collection in Metho (iwo copies) $2, for1857. Pe
dist Church 11 20 tersburg — Dr. S M. Shepherd,
South Milts— Dr. Thos. Mullen, $1, for 1857; Dr. James May,
$10; D. D Ferebee, $6; D. L). B. Dujger,each $1, to Apr.
Pritchard, j}2.50 18 50 '58. Norfolk—Dr. W. Selden,
Washington Co —G. S. Cherry. 500 John W Keeling, each $1,for
Perquimans Co —Dr. W. Nichol 1857; Kev. W. McGeu,Jacob
son, Nathan Winslow, each Riddick, each $1, to March,
$5;James Perry, Thomas W. '58. Deep Creek—Bartlelt Ba
White, Cash, each $1 13 00 ker, $1, to April,'58 12 00
North Carolina.- Bloeker's— Dr.
189 20 W. F. Berry, for 1857, $1.
SOUTH CAROLINA. Elizabeth City — It-aac Fearing,
Due West—J Moftatt 10 00 C. C. Green,each $1, to Apr.
MISSISSIPPI. '58. Edenton — Miss Frances
Rodney— David Hunt, Esq 25,000 00 Roulhac,to Apr. '58. $1 400
Natchez—J. L. Bliss, $3I>; J. Rey South Carolina —Charleston—
nolds, (Southwood Lodge plan William Hazzard,to Jan. '58,
tation,) $100 130 00 $3. Columbia— Joseph McMil
lan, $1,to May, '58, by Hen
25,130 00 ry Turner 400
LOUISIANA. Florida. —Madison C. H.—Mrs.
New Orleans — First payment on A. B. Reid,for 1857 1 00
the legacy of John McDonngh, Alabama. — Surimer/tfW-Rev. J..
deceased, from the proceedsof W. Holston,to June, '56.... 100
his estate, to June 30, 1856..12,534 09 Mississippi. Jackson Henry
OHIO. Grinstead, to Apr '58, $1.
Collections by Rev. B.O. Plimp Columbus — Mrs. E. B. Ran
ton, as follows: — Maumee City, dolph, for 1857, $1 200
$4; Toledo, (MatthewBrown) Illinois.— Dover— S. E. Donald
$10; Tiffin, $3.25; Melmore, son, for 1857 1 00
$2.30; Clnritlon,$i; G7wn,$lI ; Micni(5AN.-Aori/inii(e- W.Yerkes,
M'«s/iin»'niit>tMf ,$2; Euclid, (S. D. H. Rowland, each $1, for
Tylerand wife) $32; Clivelnnd, 1857 200
(Luther Mases;$10; Mr.Wen- Choctaw Nation. — Doakesville—
ham, $5 86 5"> Rev. A. Reid, Rev. C.Kings
Palmyra — StephenEdwards.... 200 bury,Rev.J. Edwards, Capt.
Chilli coihe — AbnerWesson, to R. M.Jones, each$1; by Rev.
constitute Abel Dixona life- CKingsbury 400
member ofthe A. C.S 30 00
Total Repository 35 00
INDIANA. 118 55 " Contributions 26,1(15 25
Princeton— Mrs Jane Kell 500 " Legacies 12,534 09
CHOCTAW NATION.
Doakesville — Rev. A. Reid, Rev. Aggregate amount $38,674 34
C. Byington, Captain R. M.
 LIFE DIRECTORS.
Hon. THOS. W. WILLIAMS, Conn., JAMES BOORMAN, Esq. N. Y.
THOMAS R. HAZARD, Esq., R. I. SOLOMON STURGES, Esq., Ohio,
Rev. LEONARD BACON, D. D.. Conn. CHARLES MCMICKEN,Esq., “
Rev. EBENEZER BURGESS. D. D., Mass., HENRY STODDARD, Esq., “
FRANCIS GRIFFIN. Esq., Miss., Rev. JOHN MACLEAN, D. D., N. Jersey,
Gen. JOHN H. COCKE, Virginia, WILLIAM SILLIMAN, Esq., Louisiana,
Rev. J. E. PINNEY. New York, J.AMES HALL, M. D., Maryland.
Rev. W. MCLAIN, Dis. Col. Hon. MILLARD FILLMORE, N. Y.
HERMAN CAMP, Esq., New York, ALEXANDER DUNCAN, Esq., R. I.
STEPHEN DUNCAN, M. D., Miss. Hon. ALBERT FEARING, Mass.
JOHN MURDOCK, Esq., “ Rev. R. S. FINLEY, N. J.
JAMES RAILEY, Esq., “ Hon. WILLIAM APPLETON, Mass.
ALVAREZ FISK, Esq., “ Rev. R. R. GURLEY, Dist. of Col.
DAVID HUNT, Esq., “ Hon. FRANKLIN PIERCE. N. Y.
CHARLES BREWER, Esq. Pa., GEORGE LAW, Esq., N. Y.
NICHOLAS MILLS. Esq., Va., Hon. EDWARD COLES, Pa.
J. KNICKERBACKER, Esq., N. Y. JOHN P. CROZER, Esq., Pa.

Delegates appointed by State Auxiliary Societies for 1857.

MAINE .—Rev. Francis B. Wheeler.
MASSACHUSETTS .—Rev. Joseph Tracy, T. R. Marvin, Esq., James Hayward, Esq.,
William Ropes, Esq., (one vacancy.)
CONNECTICUT.—Hon L. F. S. Foster, Hon. Isaac Toucey, Hon. John Woodruff,
Hon. Wm. W. Welch, Hon. John A. Rockwell, Hon. S. H. Huntington, Hon.
Charles A. Ingersol, Hon. John A. Brockway, Hon. Ebenezer Jackson, William
S. Charnley, Esq., William C. Crump, Esq., E. C. Elliott, Esq., Charles Parker,
Esq., George W. Shelton, Esq., J. G. Beckwith, M. D., Rev. G. S. Coit, D. D.,
Rev. Joseph Brewster, Rev. John Orcutt.
NEW YORK.—Anson G. Phelps, Esq., Rev. B. J. Haight, D. D., Rev. Thos. DeWitt,
D. D., D. M. Reese, M. D., Charles H. Huswell, Esq., Rev. A. D. VanZandt,
D. D., H. M. Shieffelin, Esq., Rev. Joseph Holdich, D. D., Rev. John N.
McLeod, D. D., Francis Hall, Esq., Hon. D. S. Gregory, Isaac T. Smith, Esq.,
Nathaniel Hayden, Esq., Hon. Hamilton Fish, L. B. Ward, Esq., Hon. Wash-
ington Hunt, John C. Devereaux, Esq., Hon. J. B. Skinner, Joseph B. Collins,
Esq., Hezekiah Loomis, Esq., Caleb Swan, Esq., Jas. T. Johnston, Esq., Hon.
Herman Camp, Thomas Davenport, Esq., Hon. H. J. Baker, Hon. A. Ayrnult,
Rev. G. W. Bethune, D. D., Albert Porter, Esq., A. Champion, Esq., Hon. E.
G. Spaulding, Hon. J. W. Beekman, Hon. A. Wakeman, Benjamin Coates, Esq.,
of Philadelphia, Geo. W. S. Hall, Esq., of Baltimore, Rev. J. Mitchell, of In-
dianapolis, Ind.
NEW J ERSEY.—Rev. Jonathan T. Stearnes, D. D., Rev. Alexander W. McClure, D.
D., J. G. Goble, M. D., Col. W. C. Alexander, Rev. John Maclean, D. D., John
P. Jackson, Esq., Richard S. Field, Esq.
PENNSYLVANIA .—Rt. Rev. Alonzo Potter, D. D., William Parker Foulke, Esq., Wm.
Coppinger, Esq., Samuel H. Perkins, Esq., William V. Pettit, Esq., Rev. Chas.
Brown.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA .—Rev. Byron Sunderland, D. D.
VIRGINIA .—Rev. P. Slaughter, Rev. D. S. Doggett, D. D., Rev. T. B. Balch, D. D.,
Rev. John A. Brodus, Hon. J. S. Caskie, Hon. William Smith, Hon. C. J.
Faulkner, Rev. Leroy M. Lee, D. D., Rev. Dr. Sparrow, Rev. W. H. Starr,
Col. Thomas H. Ellis, Rev. Mr. Coulling, Dr. James H. Cabell, Prof. Bledsoe,
Rev. Dr. McGuffie, Dr. James H. Minor, Hon. A. A. Stuart, John Howard, Esq.,
Rev. George D. Cummins, Rev. John C. Smith.
KENTUCKY.—Hon. W. L. Underwood, Rev. Alex. M. Cowan.
 The Society and Board of Directors will hold their next annual meet-
ing on the third Tuesday (19th) of January, 1858, in this city.

Terms of the Repository

The African Repository is issued regularly on the 1st of every monyh, at $1 per
annum, payable in advance.
The Repository will be sent gratuitously—
To every clergymen who takes up annually a collection to aid the Am. Col. Society.
To every person who contrihutes annually ten dollars, or more, to the Society.
To every life member of the Society ;—constituted by the payment of tihty dollars.
To every person obtaining three new subscribers, and remiting the money.
Subscribers who may not be visited by any of our regular agents, will please remit to
the Secretary and Treasurer of the Society, the amount of their subscription, in any
kind of funds which may be most convenient to them ; which will be acknowledged
by mail, free of postage, and also in the succeeding number of the Repository.

Form of Request to the A. C. S.

Those who wish to make bequests to the American Colonization Society, can best
secure their object by using the following form, viz : “ I give and bequeath the sum of
_______ dollars to A. B., in trust for the American Colonization Society,” &c.

“ Sketches of Liberia, ” by Dr. Lugen beel, and “ Information about going to Li-
beria. ”—Copies of these two pamflets will be furnished gratitously on applicaton,
by mail, or otherwise, to the Secretary of this Society.