ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

TOPIC 1.2A WEBINAR

Presented by – Deepak Pais

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 Learning outcomes

• Sine wave quantities

• Complex numbers and phasors

• Capacitive and inductive reactance

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 Electrical phase

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 Single-phase waveform

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 Period

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 Frequency

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 Frequency

f = 1/20ms = 50 Hz

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 Peak value

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 Peak-peak value

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 Average value

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 Root mean square (rms) value

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 Vectors in the Cartesian Plane
Defined by endpoint
(2,3). Called
rectangular form.

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 Vectors in the Cartesian Plane

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 Vectors in the Cartesian Plane

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 Converting

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 Converting
Example: Convert a vector defined by its
endpoint of (3,2) to polar coordinates and
back again.

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 Converting
Exercise: Convert a vector defined by its
endpoint of (4,1) to polar coordinates and
back again.

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 Adding - Graphically

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 Adding - Graphically

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 Adding - Graphically

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 Adding - Graphically

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 Adding

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 Subtracting

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 Subtracting
Example: Subtract two vectors defined by
(1, 2) and (-4, -3).

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 Subtracting
Exercise: Subtract two vectors defined by
(-1, 9) and (-4, -3).

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 Multiplying

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 Dividing

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 Exercise

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 Conversions

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 Conversions
P = 6 /65

Real component =

Reactive component =

Rectangular form (x, y) =

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 Rotating Vector is a "phasor"
• Way of representing sine waves
• Has frequency (how fast it spins)
• Has amplitude (how long it is)
• Has phase (relationship with another)

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 Phasors

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 Phasors

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 Reactance ‘X’
• The imaginary part of impedance
• Caused by inductors and capacitors in an
AC circuit

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 Impedance Z

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 Impedance Z
• Calculate Z if R = 4 ohms an X = 2 ohms

• Calculate R if Z = 5 ohms and X = 3 ohms

• Calculate X if Z = 5 ohms and R = 2 ohms

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 Reactance

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 Capacitive reactance

ZC = -jXC

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 Reactance
Calculate Xc if f = 50Hz

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 Reactance

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 Inductive reactance

ZL = jXL

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 Reactance
Calculate XL if f = 50Hz

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 QUESTIONS?

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