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This document describes a case of fatal actinobacillosis in a 2-year-old Thoroughbred colt. The horse presented with hyperthermia, tachycardia, and reluctance to move. It was treated with anti-inflammatory and antibiotic medications but died spontaneously later that day. At necropsy, the horse was found to have embolic nephritis caused by Actinobacillus equuli, as confirmed by bacterial culture. Actinobacillosis most commonly causes suppurative embolic nephritis in horses and can lead to acute sepsis.
This document describes a case of fatal actinobacillosis in a 2-year-old Thoroughbred colt. The horse presented with hyperthermia, tachycardia, and reluctance to move. It was treated with anti-inflammatory and antibiotic medications but died spontaneously later that day. At necropsy, the horse was found to have embolic nephritis caused by Actinobacillus equuli, as confirmed by bacterial culture. Actinobacillosis most commonly causes suppurative embolic nephritis in horses and can lead to acute sepsis.
This document describes a case of fatal actinobacillosis in a 2-year-old Thoroughbred colt. The horse presented with hyperthermia, tachycardia, and reluctance to move. It was treated with anti-inflammatory and antibiotic medications but died spontaneously later that day. At necropsy, the horse was found to have embolic nephritis caused by Actinobacillus equuli, as confirmed by bacterial culture. Actinobacillosis most commonly causes suppurative embolic nephritis in horses and can lead to acute sepsis.
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Permission granted only for viewing on SEVPAC website Embolic nephritis, suppurative, acute, multifocal to coalescing, severe, with intralesional Gram-negative bacilli and vasculitis.
Microbiology: Aerobic culture of the kidney yielded heavy growth of Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli.
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From the family Pasteurellaceae Gram-negative Pleomorphic; rod-shaped Facultative anaerobe
Commensal bacteria commonly isolated from healthy
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Actinobacillosis in adult Associated lesions: horses is uncommon to Sepsis rare. Peritonitis May be associated with Enteritis stress or concurrent Pleuropneumonia disease. Arthritis Most commonly seen in cases Abortion of suspected septicemia and Periorchitis respiratory disease In many cases of septicemia Pericarditis was the primary pathogen Respiratory actinobacillosis often a concurrent disease (Layman et al., 2014)
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Dr. Lisa L. Farina, DVM, Diplomate ACVP UF Pathology Department UF Diagnostic Laboratories
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Layman QD, Rezabek GB, Ramachandran A, Love BC, Confer AW. A retrospective study of equine actinobacillosis cases: 1999-2011. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1040638714531766, first published on April 17, 2014. Long MT, Sellon DC. Equine Infectious Diseases. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders. 2007:70-78. Matthews S, Dart AJ, Dowling BA, Hodgson JL and Hodgson DR. Peritonitis associated with Actinobacillus equuli in horses: 51 cases. Aust Vet J. 79(8): 536- 9, 2001. Maxie, MG, ed. Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer's Pathology of Domestic Animals. 5th ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier Saunders. 2007:479-480. Patterson-Kane JC, Donahue JM and Harrison LR. Septicemia and peritonitis due to Actinobacillus equuli infection in an adult horse. Vet Pathol 38(2): 230-2, 2001 Radostits, O. M., C.C. Gay, K.W. Hinchcliff, and P.D. Constable. Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, and horses. 10th ed. New York: Elsevier Saunders, 2007. Print. Reed, Stephen M., Warwick M. Bayly, and Debra C. Sellon. Equine internal medicine. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo.: W. B. Saunders, 2004. Print.
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