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Commands
Operate on building-blocks. These are grouped below as block commands, face commands, edge
commands, point commands, and set commands.
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Primary keywords:
Create blocks attached to the faces specified by the range. All faces here must be
external faces — each face is attached to one block only. New blocks will be "extruded"
from the faces along the average face normal. The extruded distance is defined by f. If f
is not supplied the default distance will be related to the maximum diagonal extent of a
block among all the blocks attached to supplied faces.
Create a hexahedral block. by-points, if present, must be followed by points that define
the block (a hexahedron requires eight points). The optional keywords group and slot
assign the created block to the specified group and slot.
Create a tetrahedral block. by-points, if present, must be followed by points that define
the block (a tetrahedron requires four points). The optional keywords group and slot
assign the created block to the specified group and slot.
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Create a wedge block. by-points, if present, must be followed by points that define the
block (a wedge requires six points). The optional keywords group and slot assign the
created block to the specified group and slot.
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to-file s
Export the blocks to a building block set named s. If the optional <offset v> is supplied,
all coordinates will be shifted by that vector in the destination set.
to-geometry-set s
Export the blocks to a geometric set named s. It only creates "external" faces of the
supplied blocks as a set of polygons (quads or triangles).
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Assign or remove a group name to blocks. If remove is present, the group name will be
removed from blocks in the specified range. If <range> is not supplied, all blocks are affected.
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Perform an operation on a block (by ID). The operation is performed on block ID i in the
current building blocks set.
split face-id i2 v1 v2
Split a block. The splitting is defined by the splitting line on a block face with id i2. The
splitting line is defined by the points v1 and v2.
When the points are on opposite edges of a face this is called an edge-to-edge split.
When the points are on opposite corners of a face this is called a diagonal split.
When the points are on a corner and opposite edge of a face this is called a corner split.
When the points are inside a face this is a central split, in which case v1 must be equal
to v2 within the tolerance (see building-blocks set tolerance). In the case of a
triangular face, it will be treated as the central point of the triangle. The split will start
with two cross-split lines with a central point.
The splitting of the block will propagate to the next face-attached block until blocks
with already-split faces are reached.
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Import blocks from the file named s. <position v>, if supplied, provides the position the
imported blocks. <offset v>, if supplied, provides the translational offset (shift) vector
for the imported blocks.
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Primary keywords:
Print information about blocks. If <range> is not supplied, the requested information is listed
for all blocks in the current building blocks set.
edges
extra i
faces
group
information
nodes
status
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Split all triangular faces of wedge and tetrahedral blocks. The faces will be split into quads by
a central point split. After this command is given only hexahedral blocks remain in the current
building blocks set.
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Set the zone multiplier coefficient for final zone generation. The default value is 1. It will be
applied to zone generation after all edge sizes and ratios are taken into account. If <range> is
not supplied, all blocks will be modified.
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Primary keywords:
Snap a block to a geometric set. Points are translated on blocks that are in the specified
<range>, if supplied. If not, all points are translated.
A translation vector is defined from the point with id i in the current building blocks set to the
target point on a geometric set s.
The target point on a geometric set is specified by keyword. The <control-point b> option
indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if the points defining that edge are
moved. The default is true.
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The target point is on the edge in the geometric set with id i. The exact location on the
edge is defined by float number parameter f. If f = 0.0 the target point is the first (start)
point of the edge, if f = 1.0 the target point is the second (end) point of the edge. The
default value is f = 0.5 (center of the edge).
point id i
The target point is on the polygon in the geometric set with id i. The exact point on the
polygon is defined by two local coordinates (f1, f2) defined in such a way that (0.0,0.0)
corresponds to centroid of the polygon. By default (f1, f2) is always set initially to
correspond to the centroid of the polygon.
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Primary keywords:
Perform a general geometric transformation on points of blocks. If <range> is not specified all
blocks are transformed.
For those options that require an origin (rotate, reflect, and scale) the optional origin may be
supplied to specify the origin for the operation.
The <control-point b> option indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if only
one of the points of that edge is moved. The default is true. The option has no effect with
reflect keyword.
reflect keyword
dip f1 dip-direction f2
Specify the mirror plane defined by dip angle f1 and dip direction f2. Angles are
defined in degrees.
Specify the mirror plane defined by three points v_1 v_2 v_3.
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Perform a rotation by angle f, in degrees, using rotation axes that go through the
coordinate origin in the direction v.
scale v
Scale the point positions by expanding or contracting their distance from the origin by a
factor of v in the x-, y-, and z-directions, respectively.
translate v
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Add control points to edges. Control points are added on all edges in the current building
blocks set if <range> is not supplied.
Add exactly i control points per each edge (i must be a positive integer no greater than
20). Added control points will be evenly spaced.
use-size
Add a number of control points equal to the number of zones on each edge (see
building-blocks edge size).
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Delete edges. This operation will also delete any blocks attached to the deleted edges. If
<range> is not supplied, all edges (and blocks) will be deleted from the current set.
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Syntax
Move the points of edges onto an external geometric set. The points to be moved are defined
by the <range>. Movement of each point is done along the beam-line defined by keyword
until it intersects the external geometric set. The <novalidate> option skips validation of all
blocks moved as part of the drape operation.
inwards v
outwards v
direction v
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Apply a sizing factor to zones on edges. The factor is applied to edges in the current <range>,
if supplied, or on all edges if not. The factor f must be between 0.001 and 1000.0 (the default
is 1.0).
When zones are generated from the blocks, the factor (like a ratio, see building-blocks
edge ratio) defines zone sizes of relative length along the edge block. Factor specifies a ratio
of last zone length to the first zone length along an edge.
When the factor for an edge is changed, the change is propagated to all face-connected
opposite edges. If building-blocks edge ratio-isolate is set to true the changes will not
propagate from the edge; the default setting of that flag is false.
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Assign or remove a group name to edges. The command is applied to edges in the <range>, if
supplied, or to all edges if not. If the <remove> option is used, the edges in the range will be
removed from the group s.
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Primary keywords:
Modify the properties of an edge. In the current building block set the edge with ID i will be
modified.
control-point keyword
add v
Add a control point at the position defined by vector v. The position v must be on
the edge within the tolerance (see building-blocks set tolerance).
delete i
Delete the control point defined by index i from the edge. Index i is a positive
integer starting from 1.
move v index i
Move the control point defined by index i to new position defined by vector v .
rotate origin v_1 direction v_2 angle f indices i1 <i2 > <i3 > ...
Rotate control points of the edge defined by indices using an angle of rotation f
(in degrees) around axis of rotation defined by the origin point v_1 and direction
vector v_2.
ratio f
Specify a ratio size parameter f for zones on the edge. The ratio parameter f is a float
number that must be between 0.1 and 10.0. When zones are generated from the blocks,
the ratio defines zones relatively along the edge of the block. The size of each zone will
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be f of the previous zone length. The default value is 1.0 (uniform zones — same
length).
Each time the ratio of an edge is changed, the changes are propagated to all face-
connected opposite edges. If ratio-isolate is set to true the changes will not propagate
from the edge; the default setting for this flag is false (meaning the ratio setting
propagates).
ratio-isolate b
Set a flag to isolate ratio or factor assignments on an edge. If true then ratio/factor
assignments do not propagate to all face-connected opposite edges. This setting is set to
false by default.
size i
Specify the number of zones on an edge. The value of i must be positive (up to 1000).
The default value is 3. When zones are generated from the building blocks set, all blocks
attached to this edge will be have i zones along the direction defined by the edge.
Each time size of an edge is changed, the changes are propagated to face-connected
opposite edges.
type keyword
arc
Specify an arc edge. An arc may have one control point only.
spline
polyline
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Primary keywords:
Print information about edges. If <range> is not supplied, the requested information is listed
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extra i
group
information
faces
nodes
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Apply a sizing ratio to zones on edges. The ratio is applied to edges in the current <range>, if
supplied, or on all edges if not. The ratio f must be between 0.1 and 10.0 (the default is 1.0).
When zones are generated from the blocks, the ratio (like a factor, see building-blocks
edge factor) defines zones relatively along the edge of the block. The size of each zone will
be f of the previous zone length. The default value is 1.0 (uniform zones — same length).
When the ratio for an edge is changed, the change is propagated to all face-connected opposite
edges. If building-blocks edge ratio-isolate is set to true the changes will not
propagate from the edge; the default setting of that flag is false.
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Determine whether zone ratios or factors propagate. Each time the zone size factor
(building-blocks edge factor) or ratio (building-blocks edge ratio) of an edge is
changed, the changes are propagated to all face connected opposite edges. If building-
blocks edge ratio-isolate is set to true, the changes will not propagate from the edge.
The default setting is false.
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Specify the number of zones on an edge. The value of i must be positive (up to 1000). The
default value is 3. When zones are generated from the building blocks set, all blocks attached
to an edge in <range> will have i zones along the direction defined by the edge. If <range> is
not supplied all edges are affected.
Each time the size on an edge is changed, the changes are propagated to face-connected
opposite edges.
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Primary keywords:
Snap an edge to a geometric set. Points are translated on edges that are in the specified
<range>, if supplied. If not, all points are translated.
A translation vector is defined from the point with :lkwd`id` i in the current building blocks set
to the target point on a geometric set s.
The target point on a geometric set is specified by keyword. The <control-point b> option
indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if the points defining that edge are
moved. The default is true.
The target point is on the edge in the geometric set with id i. The exact location on the
edge is defined by float number parameter f. If f = 0.0 the target point is the first (start)
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point of the edge, if f = 1.0 the target point is the second (end) point of the edge. The
default value is f = 0.5 (center of the edge).
point id i
The target point is on the polygon in the geometric set with id i. The exact point on the
polygon is defined by two local coordinates (f1, f2) defined in such a way that (0.0,0.0)
corresponds to centroid of the polygon. By default (f1, f2) is always set initially to
correspond to the centroid of the polygon.
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building-blocks edge transform <origin v_o > keyword <control-point b > <range>
Primary keywords:
Transform and edge (via its points). If <range> is not specified all edges are transformed.
For those options that require an origin (rotate, reflect, and scale) the optional origin may be
supplied to specify the origin for the operation.
The <control-point b> option indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if only
one of the points of that edge is moved. The default is true. This option has no effect with
reflect keyword.
reflect keyword
dip f1 dip-direction f2
Specify the mirror plane defined by dip angle f1 and dip direction f2. Angles are
defined in degrees.
Specify the mirror plane defined by three points v_1 v_2 v_3.
Perform rotation by angle f, in degrees, using rotation axes that goes through the
coordinate origin in the direction v.
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scale v
Scale the point positions by expanding or contracting their distance from the origin by a
factor of v in the x-, y-, and z-directions, respectively.
translate v
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Specify edge curve-type. Edge(s) in the current <range> are affected, if supplied; all edges are
affected if not.
arc
Specify an arc edge. An arc can have one control point only.
spline
polyline
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Rotate (cycle) the topology of triangular faces. Aspects of the face, such as the degeneracy
point, edge zone sizes, and ratio, are affected when the topology is changed.
The operation is performed on faces in the <range>, if supplied, or on all faces if not.
However, note only triangular faces are affected by the command. The cycle operation will
propagate through wedge or tetrahedral blocks across attached faces.
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Delete faces. This operation will also delete any blocks attached to the deleted faces. If
<range> is not supplied, all faces (and blocks) will be deleted from the current set.
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Move the points of faces onto an external geometric set. The points to be moved are defined
by the <range>. Movement of each point is done along the beam-line defined by keyword
until it intersects the external geometric set. The <novalidate> option skips validation of all
blocks moved as part of the drape operation.
inwards v
outwards v
direction v
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Assign a group name to faces. The command is applied to faces in the current <range>, if
supplied, or to all faces if not. If the <remove> option is used, the faces in the range will be
removed from the group s.
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Primary keywords:
Print information about faces. If <range> is not supplied, the requested information is listed
for all faces in the current building blocks set.
blocks
edges
extra i
group
information
Comprehensive information is listed, including groups, extras, area of the face, and
normal vector.
nodes
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Primary keywords:
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Snap a face to a geometric set. Points are translated on faces that are in the specified <range>,
if supplied. If not, all points are translated.
A translation vector is defined from the point with id i in the current building blocks set to the
target point on a geometric set s.
The target point on a geometric set is specified by keyword. The <control-point b> option
indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if the points defining that edge are
moved. The default is true.
The target point is on the edge in the geometric set with id i. The exact location on the
edge is defined by float number parameter f. If f = 0.0 the target point is the first (start)
point of the edge, if f = 1.0 the target point is the second (end) point of the edge. The
default value is f = 0.5 (center of the edge).
point id i
The target point is on the polygon in the geometric set with id i. The exact point on the
polygon is defined by two local coordinates (f1, f2) defined in such a way that (0.0,0.0)
corresponds to centroid of the polygon. By default (f1, f2) is always set initially to
correspond to the centroid of the polygon.
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building-blocks face transform <origin v_o > <control-point b > keyword <range>
Primary keywords:
Transform a face (via its points). If <range> is not specified all faces are transformed.
For those options that require an origin (rotate, reflect, and scale) the optional origin may be
supplied to specify the origin for the operation.
The <control-point b> option indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if only
one of the points of that edge is moved. The default is true. This option has no effect with
reflect keyword.
reflect keyword
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dip f1 dip-direction f2
Specify the mirror plane defined by dip angle f1 and dip direction f2. Angles are
defined in degrees.
Specify the mirror plane defined by three points v_1 v_2 v_3.
Rotate by angle f, in degrees, using rotation axes that go through the coordinate origin in
the direction v.
scale v
Scale the point positions by expanding or contracting their distance from the origin by a
factor of v in the x-, y-, and z-directions, respectively.
translate v
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Delete points. This operation will also delete all blocks attached to the deleted points. If
<range> is not supplied, all points (and blocks) will be deleted from the current set.
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Move points onto an external geometric set. The points to be moved are defined by the
<range>. Movement of each point is done along the beam-line defined by keyword until it
intersects the external geometric set. The <novalidate> option skips validation of all blocks
moved as part of the drape operation.
inwards v
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outwards v
direction v
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Assign a group name to points. The command is applied to points in the current <range>, if
supplied, or to all points if not. If the <remove> option is used, the points in the range will be
removed from the group s.
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Print information about points. If <range> is not supplied, the requested information is listed
for all points.
extra i
group
information
edges
Print IDs for the edges that are connected to the point(s).
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Merge two points. The two points are given by ID i1 and ID i2. Merging points will also
induce merging of edges and faces, if applicable.
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Move points. Position components (x, y, or z) of points in the <range>, if supplied, are moved
to the value f; all points are moved if no range is supplied.
The <control-point b> option indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if the
points defining that edge are moved. The default is true.
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Primary keywords:
Snap points to a geometric set. Points in the specified <range>, if supplied, are translated. If
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A translation vector is defined from the point with id i in the current building blocks set to the
target point on a geometric set s.
The target point on a geometric set is specified by keyword. The <control-point b> option
indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if the points defining that edge are
moved. The default is true.
The target point is on the edge in the geometric set with id i. The exact location on the
edge is defined by float number parameter f. If f = 0.0 the target point is the first (start)
point of the edge, if f = 1.0 the target point is the second (end) point of the edge. The
default value is f = 0.5 (center of the edge).
point id i
The target point is on the polygon in the geometric set with id i. The exact point on the
polygon is defined by two local coordinates (f1, f2) defined in such a way that (0.0,0.0)
corresponds to centroid of the polygon. By default (f1, f2) is always set initially to
correspond to the centroid of the polygon.
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building-blocks point transform <origin v_o > keyword <control-point b > <range>
Primary keywords:
For those options that require an origin (rotate, reflect, and scale) the optional origin may be
supplied to specify the origin for the operation.
The <control-point b> option indicates whether control-points on an edge should move if only
one of the points of that edge is moved. The default is true. This option has no effect with
reflect keyword.
reflect keyword
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dip f1 dip-direction f2
Specify the mirror plane defined by dip angle f1 and dip direction f2. Angles are
defined in degrees.
Specify the mirror plane defined by three points v_1 v_2 v_3.
performs rotation by angle f, in degrees, using rotation axes that goes through the
coordinate origin in the direction v.
scale v
Scale the point positions by expanding or contracting their distance from the origin by a
factor of v in the x-, y-, and z-directions, respectively.
translate v
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Specify how to split a wedge block. The default for this flag is false.
When a split starts from a quadrilateral face of a wedge block (an edge-to-edge split) and the
split line is aligned with opposite edge of the starting face, there are at least two possibilities
how it goes through the block. When arrest-triangle is true the wedge block is divided in two
new wedge blocks and both of them share the opposite edge. When false, the wedge block is
divided into two blocks, a hexahedron and a wedge.
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extent i
Specify zoning by setting i zones to be created across the largest extent of the set.
length f
Specify zoning by setting a fixed length of f for all zones generated from the set (f must
be positive).
total i
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Set the auto-tolerance flag for geometric manipulations. When auto-tolerance flag is on, any
geometric manipulation of building blocks/faces/edges/points will update the tolerance with
the value that is average length of all edges × . The tolerance update will happen before
validation of all affected blocks.
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Set the break angle. The break angle f, specified in degrees, is the dihedral angle between
faces. It is used to determine whether faces are adjacent when generating proto-blocks (review
Building Blocks-Based Grids for illustration). The default value is 135 degrees.
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Create a building block set. The set named s is created and becomes the current set.
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Commands Page 27 of 29
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Delete a building block set. If a set name s is not supplied the current set is deleted.
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Export current building blocks to a file. If a file name s is not supplied, the name of the current
set will be used. The extension of the file will be ".f3bset". The optional switch binary
specifies binary output. The default is text format.
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Associate a geometry set with the current set. Geometric sets may be added, removed, or
cleared for use with the current building blocks set.
Geometric sets may be used with the "snapon" and "drape" commands available for face, edge,
and point objects (and in some cases block objects; see building-blocks block snapon or
building-blocks face drape, for instance).
add s
Add a geometric set with name s to be associated with current building blocks set.
clear
Clear the list of geometric sets associated with the current building blocks set.
remove s
Remove the geometric set with name s from the list of geometric sets associated with
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Commands Page 28 of 29
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Import building blocks from the current set in the Extrusion Pane. If the to-set s option
is used, the destination will be the building blocks set with the name s. If not, the
destination will be the current building blocks set. When <v> is supplied the coordinates
of all the points of imported blocks will be shifted by that vector.
Import blocks from the file s1. The file must have one of the extensions ".f3bset",
".f3grid" or ".flac3d" (and be a valid file of that type). The destination building blocks
set is s2. If s2 is not supplied a new set is created and given a set name that derives from
the file name s1. When <v> is supplied the coordinates of all the points of imported
blocks will be shifted by that vector.
Note
If a set with the same name as the imported set exists already, it will be deleted and replaced.
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Print information about a building blocks set. Information about the set named s is listed. If s
is omitted, information on all building blocks sets will be printed.
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Commands Page 29 of 29
Specify the current building blocks set. The set with the name s becomes the current building
blocks set. All commands that operate on blocks, faces, edges, and points act on the current set
only.
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Set the tolerance for geometric manipulations. For instance, if the distance between two points
is less than f they will be treated as one point (merged). The tolerance value f must be positive.
Invoking the command will set off the auto-tolerance flag (see building-blocks set auto-
tolerance).
If f is not supplied the default value (average length of all edges × ) is used.
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