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NETWORKING TUTORIALS
PRESENTED BY-:
VARINDER SINGH WALIA
SOME BASICS
OF
NETWORKING
TOPOLOGY
PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY
Physical topology is the placement of the various components of a network, including
device location and cable installation
Example: LAN has one or more physical links to other devices in the network;
graphically mapping these links results in a geometric shape that can be used to
describe the physical topology of the network.
LOGICAL TOPOLOGY
IP ADDRESSING
Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device
(e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet
Protocol for communication.
Types of IP address
IPv4 – Internet Protocol version 4
IPv6 – Internet Protocol version 6
SUBNETTING
5 E RESEARCH 240-255
CORPS INFORMATION SYSTEM CONTROL OFFICER
(CISCO)
It is done on Router
Router with Switch and PC
Select Router 2811
Double click on it and a box will appear.
Switch Off the Power
Insert WIC-2T Cards as per requirement .
Each card will give rise to Two different Serial Ports like 0/0/0 ,0/1/0 etc.
Then take Switch-2960 and connect both with Copper Straight Wire.
At last attach PC with Switch using same wire.
Then click on Router And Then CLI Mode.
Then write the following configuration code on Router:
CONFIGURATION ON ROUTER
Press : no
Router>enable
Router # config terminal
Router( config) #interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router( config-if) # ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
Router( config-if)#no shut
This will turn the light Green between Router And Switch
Then click PC and provide suitable IP and then press tab which will automatically
assign a suitable subnet mask. And then close this window
Now click command prompt and write the below command:
Pc> ping_assigned ip of pc…..
Then press enter
SERIAL PORT CONFIGURATION
Commands Used
Router (config )# iproute_neighbor ip_subnet_via
Command used :
Router (config)# router rip
Router (config-router)# network_required network IP
ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL
(EIGRP)
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is a network protocol that lets
routers exchange information more efficiently than with earlier network protocols
It has characteristics of both distance vector and link state protocols
EIGRP will route the same protocols that IGRP route .
SYNTAX :
Router (config)# router eigrp_PROCESS ID ( )
Router (config-router)# network _ required network IP
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks.
It uses a link state routing algorithm and falls into the group of interior routing protocols,
operating within a single autonomous system (AS).
It uses the concept of WILD CARD MASK , which is complement of subnet
It also uses the Process ID and Area
NOTE: All routers have same Area but different Process ID
SYNTAX:
Router (config )# router ospf_ PID(range 1-65535)
Router (config –router)# network_requires network IP_ wildcard mask_area_any value(range
0-4294967295)
BRODER GATEWAY PROTOCOL (BGP)
SYNTAX:
Router (config)#router bgp_PID1
Router (config –router)# neighbor_ip of end point_remote-as_PID2
NOTE 1: Before applying this command apply Dynamic routing on each router
NOTE 2: Each router has different Process ID
NOTE 3:Do not write directly attached IP of network. All except directly attached IP
will be treated as neighbor
NOTE 4: PID will be of current router only.
REDISTRIBUTION B/W RIP,STATIC,EIGRP AND OSPF
ROUTING
Commands Used:
(VOIP)
INTODUCTION TO VOIP
VOIP is an acronym for Voice Over Internet Protocol, or in more common terms phone
service over the Internet.
If you have a reasonable quality Internet connection you can get phone service
delivered through your Internet connection instead of from your local phone company.
DISADVANTAGES OF VOIP
Loss of service during outages.
Without power VOIP phones are useless, so in case of emergencies during power
cuts it can be a major disadvantage.
With VOIP emergency calls, it is hard to locate you and send help in time.
Some times during calls, there may be periods of silence when data is lost while it
is being unscrambled.
Latency and traffic.
No standard protocol is applicable
VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL
(VOIP)
(VOIP)
SWITCHING
SWITCHING
VIRTUAL LOCAL AREA NETWORK (VLAN)
It is a smart device
It divides switch into multiple parts in order to maintain security.
Basic Configuration:
Switch(config)#vlan ID(1-1005)
#vlan 10
#name ABC
#vlan 20
#name XYZ
#do show vlan
#do wr
#exit
SWITCH TO SWITCH PROGRAMMIG
Switch#interface fa 0/0
#switchport access vlan 10
interface fa 0/3
# switchport access vlan 10
# interface fa 0/2
#switchport access vlan 20
# interface fa 0/4
#switchport access vlan 20
#do wr
#exit
It is the network device protection in order to secure our network with help of
CCNA technology
TYPES OF SECURITY :