PERFORMANE TASK

IN
SCIENCE

Submitted by:
Jennifer Dimmuyog

Submitted to:
Mr. Daniel Delos Santos
 Orange Peelings: Tile Cleaner

Objectives:
This project will test the potential of Orange Peelings with vinegar as an alternative tile cleaner.

Materials:
 Orange Peelings
 Small Jar (for storage)
 Vinegar
 Water
 Stirring rod
 Spray bottle

Procedures:
1. Put the orange peelings in the (at least it can fill ¾ of the container) then add vinegar until ¾ of
the container was filled.
2. Add some water until the container was full.
3. Stock for at least a week.
4. After a week remove the orange peelings, transfer the solution into a spray bottle and apply the
solution into stained tiles.

Questions:
1. What property of vinegar makes it as a potential alternative tile cleaner?
2. What does the orange contribute into the experiment?

Conclusions:
This is a chemistry experiment working with acids. The acidity of the vinegar helps in removing
stains in tiles and it also kills the bacteria and germs present in the applied area. The orange peelings
give a pleasant smell for the solution, it minimizes the smell of the vinegar and the acid present in the
peelings mixed with the vinegar. The water lowers the concentration of the solution.
 Making an Elephant Toothpaste

Objectives:
This project will test the potential of amino acids and sugar in increasing aroma of food?

Materials:
• 12 oz. plastic bottle
• Hydrogen Peroxide (3%)
• Dish Soap
• Dry Yeast
• Warm Water
• Baking Sheet

Procedures:
1. Prepare yeast solution by adding dry yeast to warm water and wait a few minutes until it
becomes frothy.
2. Pour 2 inches of hydrogen peroxide (3%) into the bottle.
3. Place bottle on baking sheet.
4. Squeeze in a good squirt of dish soap.
5. Pour in yeast solution (3 tablespoons).

Questions:
1. What property of yeast makes it reacts with the Hydrogen peroxide?
2. Does using wet yeast gives the same result?

Conclusions:
The yeast contains an enzyme called Catalase that breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H 2O2)
into oxygen gas and water. The oxygen gas gets trapped by the soap, and you get a large foamy
solution that squirts out of the top of the bottle.
 Lava Lamps

Objective:
To explore the relationship between oil and water in terms of density as well as
hydrophilic/hydrophobic compounds.
To observe a chemical reaction between an acid and a base.

Materials:
 1 clean, plastic soda bottle with cap*
 Vegetable oil
 1 Alka-Seltzer tablet for a 16 oz soda bottle or 2 tablets for per liter bottle
 Food coloring
 Water

Producers:
1. Gather materials over a surface that cannot be damaged by oil or can be wiped clean.
Another good option is to cover a table with old newspapers.
2. Fill the plastic bottle ¾ full with vegetable oil.
3. Add water to the neck of the bottle, leaving a little space between the water line and the top
of the container. (You can always add more water at a later time.)
4. Decide on a color for your ‘lava lamp’ bottle. Select the food coloring accordingly.
5. Add 10 or more drops of food coloring to the bottle until a rich color is seen.
6. Break the Alka-Seltzer tablet into smaller pieces (6 to 8). Add one piece at a time observing
each reaction.
7. When the bubbling stops replace the bottle cap.
8. Tip the bottle back and forth and observe the reaction. Tip, twist, and shake the bottle in
different directions. Observe the reactions and take notes.

Questions:
1. What happens when you add water to the plastic bottle? Why do you think this occurs?
2. What happens when you add the food coloring to the bottle? Why do you think this occurs?
3. What happens when you add the Alka-Seltzer to the bottle? Why do you think this occurs?

Conclusion:
Oil and water do not mix because they cannot form any chemical bonds with each other. Water
is made up of highly charged, hydrophilic compounds (also known as ‘water loving’) while oil is made
up of long chains of carbon that are hydrophobic (‘scared of water’). The long chains of carbon that
make up oils do not carry a charge and are not attracted to the water molecules. This causes the
separation we see in this experiment as well as in our kitchen sinks and oceanic oil spills.
Furthermore, the oil will float on top of the water because it is less dense than oil.
Alka-Seltzer is technically both acidic and basic. The tablets contain sodium bicarbonate (a base) and
citric acid (an acid) which, when mixed with water, react with each other and produce bubbling carbon
dioxide. This creates the bubbles you see within the colored fluid in the soda bottle.
 Chemical Reaction with Baking Soda and Vinegar

Objectives:
This project will show the chemical reaction when baking soda and vinegar was mixed.

Materials:
 Baking soda
 Vinegar
 A beaker
 A plate

Procedures:
1. Get your beaker and put it on your plate.
2. Prepare 1/4 cup of vinegar and set it aside.
3. Prepare one heaping tablespoon of baking soda and set it aside.
4. Pour your 1/4 cup of vinegar into your glass.
5. Then, dump the heaping of tablespoon of baking soda into the glass. You’ll see a fizzing and
bubbling and percolating and growing column of stinky, smelly soda and vinegar mixture.

Questions:
1. What property of this vinegar and baking soda make it produce fizz and bubbles?
2. Does the amount of baking soda affect the chemical reaction?
3. Does the amount of vinegar affect the chemical reaction?

Conclusions:
This is a chemical reaction, where a combination of two different things produces a third: The
vinegar and baking soda mixture is making carbon dioxide. This CO2 is the bubbles and fizzing you
see.
 Making Yellow Poster Paint

Objectives:
This experiment aims to prepare pigments and poster paints using various chemicals and
reagents.

Materials:
 Clear Glue
 Water
 Potassium Chromate
 Lead Nitrate
 Beakers
 Filter paper

Procedures:
1. Dissolve 7𝑔𝑚 Potassium chromate in 50𝑚𝐿 water and 10𝑔𝑚 Lead Nitrate in 100𝑚𝐿 water in
two separate beakers.
2. Pour the Potassium Chromate solution in the Lead Nitrate and stir continuously.
3. Lead Chromate separates as precipitate and is the required pigment.
4. Filter the precipitate and dry the pigment.

Questions:
1. How did the Potassium chromate and Lead nitrate reacts?
2. What process is needed to achieve more/less chrome paint?

Conclusions:
The finished product was Lead chromate (PbCrO4), it gives the yellow pigment. It was obtained
as the Potassium chromate (K2CrO4) and Lead nitrate (Pb (NO3)2) was mixed together.
Formula: K2CrO4 + Pb (NO3)2 PbCrO4 + PbCrO4. After PbCrO4 filtration was separated from
PbCrO4 and Lead chromate was gathered and that’s the way we acquired the yellow poster paint.
 Reactions

Experiment 1:
This experiment was beneficial to everyone. Instead of purchasing and using expensive
commercial tile cleaners, they can conduct this experiment and use this for cleaning stains. In this
way they can save money.

Experiment 2:
I was amazed on this experiment. I can’t believe that with this small amount of solutions are
mixed it can create a massive chemical reactions. It is fun.

Experiment 3:
This experiment was so cool. I can use this lava lamp as decorations in my room.

Experiment 4:
This experiment was exciting. The fuzzy bubbles are good in the eyes. Just add some coloring
compounds and I can use this for lava eruption project.

Experiment 5:
This experiment was beneficial. With this experiment I can improvise paint, I just need search
some other compounds that is to be mixed to make other colored paints such as blue and red.