AECL EACL Technical Specification Conventional and Live Loaded Stem Packing Assemblies for Valves Cernavoda 2 82-30830-TS-003 Revision 1 2002 July CONTROLLED This document and the Informaton contained int has been mace avaiable fr use ‘within your organzation and ani for species purposes. No pat of this document nor any Information contained in k may be transmitted in any form to any tid parties except wth the prior wntten consent of Atomic Energy of Canada Lites, © Atomic Energy of Canada Limited 2251 Speakman Drive Mississauga, Ontario Canada L5K 182 Juillet 2002 CONTROLE Le présent document et es renseignements qui contient font te mis 4 la disposition de votre organisation ax fins précisées seulement. Aucune parle du present document ni ‘aucun renseignement qui Contient ne doivent ete sonnés ou communiquée & tes tere, sous quelque forme (ue ce sot, sans Fautorisation préalable écrte e'Energie Stomique du Canada imitée © Energie atomique du Canada limitée 2251, rue Speakman Mississauga (Ontario) Canada L5K 182AECL EACL Technical Specification LIVE LOADING SYSTEM OF STEM PACKING FOR VALVES CERNAVODA 2 82-30830-TS-003 Revision 1 eos par [run etd She. Apo oe _YPR2 2002/07/09 2002/07/09 © Atomic Energy of Canada © Energie Atomique Du Canada Limited Limitée 2251 Speakman Drive 2251, rue Speakman Mississauga, Ontario Mississauga (Ontario) Canada L5K 182 Canada L5K 182‘oesoe 10 ford fovg 1984 ot oyoues, °a MN isyon awn 0 eu anna 1994 SS ford 40} , 9861 405 posouddy,, se poss TAMIA wporCussy “Zs ¥ now d’D eropes uog'y | “zg 1oforg “epostusa.y 01 $4, 36 199F01g WeYSU?) PaUEDAUO.) qr useqng ‘N mvs | cH e129 ‘28 190FO44 10} ,98/) 04 porouddy, sed annoiddy sed auwers sed o6pou ‘iq anoieehy pana fq poredaie IU z L To wewnoog 1 Sep no n91 899 6 PueUY He JO oF T ssbesjo ou EE) 1 su 6050 SUOISIA9I Sap 39 Auo}sIH UoIsIAaY sjuawinaop sap a}s!7 pue aseajay Dvd Dav yCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page i Rev. 1 ‘TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1 SCOPE... 2. APPLICATION 3. DEFINITIONS, 31 Live Loaded Stem Seal 3.2 Stem Seal Dimensions 4 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 4d Performance Requirements 42 Packing Materials. 424 Product Form. 422 Chemical Composition. 423 Heavy Metals... 43 Die-Formed Flexible Graphite 43.1 Dimensions and Tolerances 44 Braided End Rings 441 Dimensions and Tolerances 4s Composite End Rings 451 Dimensions and Tolerances 46 Braided Graphite... 461 Dimensions and Tolerances 47 Braided PTFE. 471 Dimensions and Tolerances 5. ASSOCIATED COMPONENTS, si Stem S11 Material 3.1.2 Dimensions and Tolerances 52 Lantern Rings 52.1 General oo 5.22 Metallic Lantern Rings... 5.2.3 Carbon Lantern Rings 33 Junk Rings. 53.1 Metallic Junk Rings. Sa Gland Follower...... 55 Graphite Washers 5.6 Carbon Bushings 5.6.1 General 5.6.2 Material 5.63 Dimensions and Tolerances PAGECONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page ii Rev. 1 SECTION 37 Hardened Steel Washers. 58 c Springs 38.1 Material 3.82 Disc Spring Stacks 5.83 Dise Spring Guide 39 Bolting 6 DETAIL DESIGN 61 Packing Configuration 62 Combination Graphite Configurations. 62.1 Single Packed Valves With Composite End Rings 6.2.2 Single Packed With Braided End Rings 623 Double Packed Valves Using Carbon Lantern Rings 6.24 Double Packed Valves Using Metal Lantern Rings 63 Friction Reducing Configurations. 63.1 Standard Set with Teflon 63.2 Reduced Height ‘Sandwich’ Style 64 Braided Graphite Packing Configurations 641 Single Packed Valves 642 Double Packed Valves 65 Braided PTFE Packing 65.1 Braided PTFE Configurations 65.1.1 Single packed 65.12 Double packed. 66 PTFE Chevron and V-Rings 7 INSTALLATION TECHNIQUE 7 Equipment 72 Method 721 Live Loaded Single Packed Configuration 72.2 Live Loaded Double Packed Configuration 723 1/4 Turn and Rotary Application 8 SPRING ASSEMBLY DESIGN 81 General 82 Packing Consolidation 83 Dise Spring Sizing. 84 Detailed Requirements 85 Disc Spring Stack Calibration 6-2CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page iii Rev. 1 SECTION PAGE TABLES. Table A-1 Standard Applied Gland Stress for Packing Material Configurations. AS Table B-1 Friction Factors B2 FIGURES Figure | Typical Live Loaded Packaging Arrangement 1 Figure2 _ Load Versus Deflection (Exaggerated for Clarity) 12 Figure 3 Combination Graphite - Single Packed Valves With Composite End Rings.......1-3 Figure4 Combination Graphite - Single Packed Valves With Braided End Rings 14 Figure 5 Combination Graphite - Double Packed Valves Using Carbon Lantern Rings. 15 Figure6 Combination Graphite - Double Packed Valves Using Metal Lantern Rings. 16 Figure7 _ Friction Reducing - Standard Set With Teflon. 17 Figure8 _ Friction Reducing - Reduced Height ‘Sandwich’ Style 18 Figure9 _ Braided Graphite - Single Packed Valves 19 Figure 10 Braided Graphite - Double Packed Valves (Style 1), 1-10 Figure 11 Braided Graphite - Double Packed Valves (Style 2), Ll Figure 12 Braided PTFE - Single Packed Valves E12 Figure 13. Braided PTFE - Double Packed Valves 113 APPENDIC! Appendix A Valve Stem Packing Materials Al Appendix B_ Friction Values for Valve Stem Packing, BlCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 1-1 Rev. 1 1 SCOPE This specification, together with the associated Component Specification Sheets (CSS), establishes the technical requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of conventional and live loaded packing assemblies for valve stems This specification consists of a basic specification together with mandatory appendices covering stem packing materials and stem packing friction values, Components purchased in accordance with this specification are recommended for isolating and control valves in heavy water, light water and gas circuits where the system design conditions are not above 1870 psi (12.9 MPa) and 600°F (316°C). For services above these conditions the valve manufacturer shall consult the Purchaser The dimensions and tolerances given in this specification for components and packings are standard tolerances used in (or accepted by) the industry supplying these products, The performance tests and subsequent configuration designs are based on these accepted tolerances. Components outside these tolerance requirements are not acceptable.CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 2-1 Rev. 1 2. APPLICATION The conventional and live loaded packing sets, produced in accordance with the requirements of this specification, will be used to maintain and enhance (in the case of live loaded) the leak-tightness of valves in specific services over extended time periods. Stem packing is used to prevent the loss of system fluid or hazardous contaminants from the fluid, while live loading is used to minimize the maintenance requirements of heavy water systems by extending the effective life of valve stem packing, Notification of the requirement for live loaded valve stem packing, will be given on the CSS.CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 3-1 Rev. 1 3. DEFINITIONS 31 Live Loaded Stem Seal An arrangement in which stacks of disc springs are used to apply a compressive load on the packing configuration, As the configuration material consolidates, the disc springs prevent the load on the packing material from falling below a minimum acceptable value. 3.2 Stem Seal Dimensions D, Outside diameter of the valve stem Dy Inside diameter of the packing chamber (stuffing box) W Packing Width (D, - D,)/2CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 4-1 Rev. 1 4. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 4 Performance Requirements The overall requirement for live loaded packing is to provide an essentially leak-free static stem seal. The application of live loading to the packing configurations components in this specification have been demonstrated to provide leak rates at static conditions (no stem actuation) of less than 0.2 ml/day/cm of stem circumference at design conditions of 1870 psi (12.9 MPa) and 600°F (316°C) and less than 2 ml/day/em of stem circumference during stem stroking at operating conditions, The above leakage performance is expected and required from any of the conventional or live loaded packing configuration used The valve packing configurations have been tested to ensure that all of the following requirements are met: a) The specified components do not induce unacceptable levels of corrosion of the valve stem, stuffing box and gland follower. b)_ The specified components do not introduce excessive amounts of corrosive materials into the system fluid. ©) The specified components are compatible with heavy water at design conditions of 1870 psi (12.9 MPa) and 600°F (316°C), Radiation exposure is expected to exceed 2000 Gy (2x 10° Rads). 4) The specified packing rings retain their elasticity (not harden) when exposed to the operating conditions given above and operating gland loads, ©) The specified components do not induce excessive stem friction at operating conditions and under effective sealing loads. 4.2 Packing Materials 4.2.1 Product Form Packing shall be those specified in Appendix A 4.2.2 Chemical Composition The chemical composition shall be that specified in Appendix A.1.1 4.2.3 Heavy Metals Heavy metals include zine, cadmium, mercury, lead, tin, silver, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, gallium, and indium. The concentration of any one of the heavy metals shall not exceed 200 (g/g (ppm)). Heavy metal content shall be determined by atomic absorption or plasma emission spectroscopy. Note: Analysis for heavy metals is not required, provided that the Supplier certifies that there are no deliberate additions of any of these metals or any reason to expect that such quantities of these metals to be present.CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 4-2 Rev. 1 43 Die-Formed Flexible Graphite Die-formed Flexible Graphite packing shall be those specified in Appendix A.2. 43.1 Dimensions and Tolerances Dimensions and tolerances for die-formed flexible graphite rings are based on the specified valve stem diameter (D,) and stuffing box diameter (Dy). Acceptable limits for ring dimensions are shown in the following tables Inside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Maximum D, + 0.010 (0.25) D, + 0.013 (0.33) D, + 0.013 (0.33) D, + 0.013 (0.33) D, + 0.015 (0.38) Stem Diameter, in (mm) D, <1 25) 1(D, <2 (25, 50) 2 (D, <3 (50, 75) 3 (D, <4 (75, 100) 4(D, <5 (100, 125) D, (5 (125) 1.005 D. Outside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Stem Diameter, in (mm) Minimum Maximum D, <1 (25) Dp - 0.010 (0.25) Dp - 0.003 (0.08) 1D, <2 25, 50) Dy - 0.013 (0.33) Dp - 0.005 (0.13) 2 (D, <3 (50, 75) Dy - 0.017 (0.43) Dp - 0.007 (0.18) 3D, <4 (75, 100) Dy - 0.020 (0.51) Dy - 0.009 (0.23) 4 (D, <5 (100, 125) Dy - 0.025 (0.64) Dy - 0.010 (0.25) D, (5 (125) 0.995 Dy Dy - 0.020 (0.51) Stem Diameter, in (mm) Ring Thickness Tolerances, in (mm) D,<1(28) +0.010 (0.25) - 0.005 (0.13) 1(D, <2 25, 50) 2(D, <3 (50, 75) 3 (D. <4 (75, 100) 4 (D, <5 (100, 125) D, (5 (125) +0.015 (0.38) - 0.005 (0.13) +0.018 (0.46) - 0.010 (0.25) +0.020 (0.51) - 0.010 (0.25) 40,022 (0.56) - 0.010 (0.25) +0,040 (1.02) - 0.040 (1.02) 44 Braided End Rings Braided End Rings shall be those specified in Appendix A.3 of this technical specification. Where required to prevent fraying, the cut ends shall be taped with 3M Product Number 483 or Purchaser accepted equivalent Dimensions and Tolerances ed tolerances are required for these products outside those specified in Appendix A.3CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 4-3 Rev. 1 45 ‘Composite End Rings Composite End Rings shall be those specified in Appendix A.4. 1 Dimensions and Tolerances Dimensions and tolerances for composite end rings are based on the specified valve stem diameter (D,) and stuffing box diameter (Dy). Acceptable limits for ring dimensions are shown in the following tables: Inside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Stem Diameter, in (mm) Minimum Maximum D, <2 (50) D, D, + 0.008 (0.20) 2(D, <4 (50, 100) D D, + 0.008 (0.20) D, 4 (100) D D, + 0.010 (0.25) Outside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Stem Diameter, in (mm) Minimum Maximum D, <2 (50) Dy - 0.010 (0.25) Dp - 0.003 (0.08) 2D, <4 (50, 100) Dp - 0.018 (0.46) Dp - 0.005 (0.13) D, 4 (100) Dp - 0.022 (0.56) Dp - 0.005 (0.13) Stem Diameter, in (mm) Ring Thickness Tolerances, in (mm) D, <2 (50) +0.010 (0.25) - 0.005 (0.13) 2(D, <4 (50, 100) +0.015 (0.38) - 0.008 (0.20) D, 4 (100) +0,020 (0.51) - 0.010 (0.25) 46 Braided Graphite Braided Graphite Rings shall be those specified in Appendix A.5. Where required to prevent fraying, the cut ends shall be taped with 3M Product Number 483 or Purchaser accepted equivalent 4.6.1 Dimensions and Tolerances No specified tolerances are required for these products outside those specified in Appendix A.5 4.7 Braided PTFE Braided PTFE Rings shall be those specified in Appendix A.6. 471 Dimensions and Tolerances No specified tolerances are required for these products outside those specified in Appendix A.6.CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 5-1 Rev. 1 5 ASSOCIATED COMPO! TS In order to obtain optimum performance from graphite packing, close tolerances for critical components are required. Standard valves may need some modifications to adapt them for use with combination graphite packing sets, 1 Stem SL Material The stem materials shall be those specified in Table 5-2 of Technical Specification 82-30830-TS-001. Due to risk of corrosion, stems manufactured from AISI Type 400 series stainless steels, shall NOT be used with graphite packing materials. 5, 2 Dimensions and T« Diameter of Stem (D,) Diameter Tolerance + 0.001 in., - 0.000 in. (+ 0.03 mm, - 0.00 mm) Note: The diameter of the stem shall be measured 1 in. (25 mm) above the top, 1 in (25 mm) below the bottom and at the mid point of the stem section that passes through the packing. Above the stem section which passes through the packing, the diameter of the stem shall not increase, Where applicable, the diameter of the stem drive threads shall be a minimum 0,010 in, (0.25 mm) less than the diameter of the non-threaded portion of the stem, This requirement is to facilitate removal of the gland packing from the stuffing box. ‘The stem diameters of valves of the same Stock Code Number (SCN) shall not vary by more than 0.002 in. (0.05 mm). Straightness 0.00: (0.05 mm) or better over the entire length of the stem, Roundness Within 0.0005 in. (0.013 mm) at any cross section of the stem. Roundness shall be checked every 1 in, (25 mm) along the stem from 1 in, (25 mm) above the top to 1 in, (25 mm) below the bottom of the section of the stem that passes through the packing. Surface Finish Stems for isolation valves shall have surface finishes of 16 RMS (0.40 micro-metres Ra) or better. Stems for control valves shall have surface finishes 4 RMS (0.10 micro-metres Ra) or better.CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 5-2 Rev. 1 52 Lantern Rings 5.21 General All lantern rings shall meet the following requirements Maximum Height 11/4 in (32 mm) Minimum Height 11/2 times the diameter of the leakoff hole in the packing chamber wall or 1/2 in. (13 mm), whichever is greater. 5.2.2 Metallic Lantern Rings Metallic lantern rings may be supplied either solid or split and pinned. The lantern ring design shall include an inner and outer annular space for collection of leakage from the lower packing set. This shall be achieved by means of a smooth and gradual reduction of the outside diameter from each end of the rings towards the centre. Two diametrically opposed 3/16 in. (5 mm) holes or equivalent flow area shall be placed between these spaces at the centre of the lantern ring Two diametrically opposed tapped holes shall be provided in the upper surface of the lantern ring to allow removal by means of threaded rods. These holes shall be tapped before final machining, of the inside and outside diameters of the lantern ring. Threading shall be unified national coarse #10 24 UNC. Dimensions, tolerances and surface finish of metallic lantern rings shall be as follows: Inside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Minimum D, + 0,020 (0.51) Maximum D, + 0.025 (0.64) Outside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Minimum, Dp - 0,008 (0.20) Maximum. Dy - 0,006 (0.15) Surface Fi 63 RMS (1.6 micro-metres Ra) or better. Material The Material for metallic lantem rings shall be Nitronic 60 (215-213 BHN) or be selected by the Supplier based on the following requirements: a) the lantern ring material shall be corrosion resistant ) the lantern ring /valve stem material combination shall be non-galling Notes: 1. The use of ASTM A494 Grade CYSSnBiM (Waukesha 88) shall be limited to ‘temperatures less than 480°F (250°C). 2. The use of lantern rings made of stainless steel Type 316 is not acceptable,CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 5-3 Rev. 1 5.2.3 Carbon Lantern Rings Materials used for carbon lantern rings shall meet the requirements of Section 5.6 (Carbon Bushings) of this specification. Carbon lantem rings may be supplied either solid or split. The lantern ring design shall include an outer annular space for collection of leakage from the lower packing set, This shall be achieved by means of a smooth and gradual reduction of the outside diameter from each end of the ring towards the centre. Two diametrically opposed, 3/16 in (5 mm) holes or equivalent flow area shall be placed between these spaces at the centre of the lantern ring Dimensions and tolerances of carbon lantern rings shall be as follows: Inside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Minimum D, + 0.007 (0.18) Maximum. D, + 0.013 (0.33) Outside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Stem Diameter, in (mm) Minimum Maximum D, <2 (50) Dp - 0.013 (0.33) Dp - 0.007 (0.18) D, 2 (50) Dp - 0.018 (0.46) Dp - 0.012 (0.30) 53 Junk Rings Junk rings shall be used to reduce the diametrical clearance between the stem and the bottom of the stuffing box. The bottom of the stuffing box shall be flat as shown in Figure 1 5.3.1 Metallic Junk Rings Diametrical clearances between the stem and the bottom of the stuffing box greater than 0.045 in, (1.14 mm) shall use metal junk rings. Metallic junk rings may be supplied either solid or split and pinned, Junk rings shall meet the following requirements: Height, in (mm) Maximum, 1/2.(13) Minimum 1/4 6) Inside Diameter, in (mm) Minimum D, + 0.020 (0.51) Maximum, D, + 0.025 (0.65) Outside Diameter, in (mm) Minimum Dy - 0.008 (0.20) Maximum, Dy - 0,006 (0.15) Material The material for metallic junk rings shall be Nitronic 60 (215-213 BHN) or be selected by the Supplier based on the following requirements: a) the junk ring material shall be corrosion resistant, b) the junk ring/valve stem material combination shall be non-galling, Notes: 1. ASTM A494 Grade CYSSnBiM (Waukesha 88) is not acceptable. 2. Carbon bushings may be used in lieu of Metallic Junk Rings. Carbon bushing material described in Section 5.6 of this document is also acceptable andCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 5-4 Rev. 1 preferred provided the diametrical clearance between the stem and the bottom of the stuffing box does not exceed a diametrical clearance of 0.045 in, (1.14 mm). Height restrictions for carbon bushings must be applied. 54 Gland Follower The gland follower shall meet the following requirements: Length Where space allows, the total length of the gland follower shall be not less than the sum of (a), (b) and (¢) below a) An initial gland follower insertion of 1/2 in. (13 mm) or the height of one packing ring, whichever is less, b) Initial consolidation of the packing, per Appendix A.7.3 ©) 1/2in, (13 mm) or the height of one packing ring, whichever is less, to provide for further compression of the packing set Outside Diameter, in (mm) For that part which will be inserted into the stuffing box. Minimum Dy - 0.008 (0.20) Maximum Dp - 0.006 (0.15) Inside Diameter, in (mm) For that part which is within 1/2 in, (13 mm) of the packing Minimum D, + 0.020 (0.51) Maximum —_D, + 0.025 (0.64) Inside Diameter, in (mm) For that part which is not within 1/2 in. (13 mm) of the packing Minimum — D, +0,045 (1.14) Maximum D, +0.050 (1.27) Material The material for the gland follower shall be selected by the Supplier based on the following, requirements: a) the gland follower material shall be corrosion resistant; b) the gland follower/gland plate and gland follower/valve stem material combinations shall be non-galling 55 Graphite Washers Washers made of flexible graphite sheet gasket material shall be used between composite end rings and adjacent metal components such as junk rings, lantern rings and gland followers These washers shall be made of pure graphite sheet which is 1/32 in. - 1/16 in. (0.8 mm-1.6 mm)CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 5-5 Rev. 1 thick with no metal reinforcement or adhesive backing, The chemical composition of graphite washers shall meet the requirements of Appendix A.1.1 56 Carbon Bushings 5.6.1 General Unless otherwise specified, carbon bushings shall be supplied in the split form, Split carbon bushings shall be machined as concentric halves, Where the bushing wall thickness is 0.250 in. (6.5 mm) or greater, both ends of each half shall be provided with two tapped holes to allow removal by means of threaded rods. ‘The minimum depth of the tapped holes shall be 0.375 in (9.5 mm). The size of these holes shall be as shown in the following table Bushing Wall Thickness, in (mm) Size of Tapped Hole 0.250 - 0.375 (6.5 -9.5) #8 -32-NC 0.375 - 0.500 (9.5 - 12.5) #10 -24-NC More than 0.500 (12.5) 1/4 -20-NC 5.6.2 Material The material used for bushings shall be high compressive strength graphite. Bushing materials shall meet the following requirements: Graphite Content: 98% Minimum Maximum grain size of graphite particles 0.0017 in. (0.04 mm) Bulk Density: 1.76 g/cm’ (110 Ib/ft®) Minimum Average Compressive Strength 76 MPa (11, 000 psi) Minimum Average Flexural Strength. 34 MPa (5, 000 psi) Minimum Total Sulfur: 700 (g/g (ppm) Maximum, 5.6.3 Dimensions and Tolerances Dimensions and tolerances for carbon bushings are based on the valve stem diameter (D,) and stuffing box diameter (Dy). The height of a carbon bushing shall not be less than the packing h (W). Where space permits, a minimum height of 1.5 x W is recommended, Acceptable limits for bushing dimensions are tabulated below. Inside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Minimum D, + 0.007 (0.18) Maximum. D, + 0.013 (0.33) Outside Diameter of Ring, in (mm) Stem Diameter, in (mm) Minimum Maximum D, <2 (50) Dp - 0.013 (0.33 Dp - 0.007 (0.18) D, 2 (50) Dp - 0.018 (0.46) Dy - 0.012 (0.30) Bushing Height Tolerances 0.030 (0.76)CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 5-6 Rev. 1 Where a solid bushing is used, the inside diameter of the bushing shall be selected with consideration for thermal expansion of the stem and bushing so that the above clearances are maintained at the specified operating temperature. 8.7 Hardened Steel Washers Hardened steel washers are required at each end of the spring stack (see Figure 1). The materi shall meet the requirements of ASTM F436, The washers shall not be coated. 5.8 Dise Springs Fully machined disc springs are preferred. All disc springs shall be deburred to a surface finish of 63 RMS (1.6 micro-metres Ra) or better. The final manufacturing operation shall be to compress each dise spring completely flat, The height to thickness ratio of disk springs shall not exceed 1.3 to 1. Load - deflection characteristics shall be determined by testing sample springs from each lot, Test results shall be identified by lot number. 5.8.1 Material spring material shall be ASTM AS64, Type 631 st condition or Purchaser accepted equivalent. nless steel (17-7 PH) in the TH10S0 5.8.2 Dise Spring Stacks For set-ups using spring stack deflection, each stack shall be loaded until all of the disk spi in the stack have been compressed flat. This operation shall be repeated three times. Lubrication of disc spring stacks is optional but use of lubricants containing Molybdenum Disulfide is NOT acceptable, Lubrication shall be applied to the outside contact edge only. Lubrication of the cup portion can lead to hydraulic lock-up of the springs stacked in series. Lubricant used shall be subject to acceptance by the Purchaser. 5.8.3 Disc Spring Guide A dise spring guide is required to maintain the spring stack in alignment. This is necessary if the load that is derived by calculation, is to be achieved in practice. A second benefit is that the ‘guide prevents individual disc springs from snagging on the threads of the gland loading studs. To achieve the desired standard of disc spring stack alignment, the following table shall be followed. Guide material is to be selected by the Supplier subject to the Purchaser's acceptance Inside Diameter of Dise Spring Diametral Clearance Dise mm Spring/Guide mm Oto 15 021003 >15.0 to 20.0 031004 >20.0 to 25.0 0.41005 >25.0 t0 35.0 0.51006 >35.0 to 50.0 0.6 to 1.0CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 5-7 Rev. 1 59 Bolting Bolting shall meet the requirements of Section 5.8 of Technical Specification 82-30830-TS-001CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 6-1 Rev. 1 6. DETAIL DESIGN 61 Packing Configuration The following packing configurations have been qualified by testing and are considered acceptable by the Purchaser. The list is intended to provide guide lines and is NOT the complete list, However, itis recommended that packing configurations outside those listed be properly reviewed and accepted by the Purchaser prior to installation. The components of each of the configurations are listed in the order in which there are installed in the stuffing box (bottom to top). Unless otherwise indicated, the quantity of each listed component is one, The following, key coding will be used: Braided End Ring BE Braided Graphite BG Braided PTFE, BT Carbon Bushing cB Composite End Ring CE Carbon Lantern Ring CLR Die-Formed Rings DF Reduced Die-Formed Rings dF Gland Follower GF Graphite Washer cw Junk Ring, JR Metal Lantem Ring MLR PTFE Washer Tw Note: 1. If the valve CSS states that the valves are to be installed with the stem horizontal, an additional carbon bushing shall be installed at each end of the full packing set. This is to provide additional mechanical support, offsetting the additional load on the packing 2. The configuration described in Section 6.2 and 6.3 are not acceptable for application in bellows-sealed valves or 1/4 turn valves. 62 Combination Graphite Configurations The following combination graphite configurations use the packing materials in Appendices A.2, A3and Ad. 6.21 Single Packed Valves With Composite End Rings JR+GW+CB+CE+DF+DF+CE+CE+CB+GW+GF See Figure 3 6.2.2 Single Packed With Braided End Rings IR+GW+ CB BE“DF-DF-BE*+CB+GW+GE See Figure 4CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 6-2 Rev. 1 623 Double Packed Valves Using Carbon Lantern Rings IR+GW+CB+CE+ DF+DF+CE+CLR+CE+DF+CE+CB+GW+GF See Figure 5 6.2.4 Double Packed Valves Using Metal Lantern Rings IR+GW+CB+CE*DF + DF +GW+MLR+GW+CE* DF CE+CB+GW+GF See Figure 6 63 jon Reducing Configurations The following configurations have been tested and demonstrated to reduce friction and improve the operability of Air Operated Valves (AOVs). The use of PTFE Washers (TW) in combination reduced height die-formed rings (dF) has shown a reduction of from 30-200% in friction compared to the standard 5-ring set. 6.3.1 Standard Set with Teflon JR+ GW+CB+CE+DF+ TW+DF+TW+CE+CB+ GW+GF See Figure 7. 6.3.2 Reduced Height 'Sandwich' Style JR+ GW+CB+CE+dF* TP CE+dF+ TF +CE*CB+ GW+GEF See Figure 8. 64 Braided Graphite Packing Configurations The following configurations use those packing materials identified in Appendix A.5. No more than five (5) rings of braided graphite (BG) packing should be used. Deep stuffing boxes should be fitted with carbon bushings 6.4.1 Single Packed Valves JR+ GW+CB*BG*BG+BG+CB+ GW*+GF See Figure 9. 64.2 Double Packed Valves JR GW+CB+ BG+BG+BG+CLR+ BG+BG+CB+ GW+GE See Figure 10. or JR+ GW+CB* BG DF+BG+CLR+BG+ BG+CB+GW+GF See Figure 11CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 6-3 Rev. 1 Note: For non-rising type stems, such as for butterfly valves, the application of braided packing configurations is preferred. Those listed in 6.2 and 6.3 do not provide the necessary wiping action to protect the die-formed rings. 65 Braided PTFE Packing The following configurations use the packing materials identified in Appendix A.6, No more than four rings of braided PTFE packing should be used. Deep stuffing boxes should be fitted th carbon bushings to fill the volume and braided end rings are recommended to prevent or limit extrusion of the PTFE packing. Braided PTFE packing exhibits high consolidation and cold flow. All valves with braided PTFE packing should have some type of live loading, The recommended stem finish for PTFE packed valves is 4-8 RMS (0.10-0.20 micro-metres Ra). 6.5.1 Braided PTFE Configurations 6.5.1.1 Single packed JR GW BE* BT BT+BT+ BT+CB+ GW+GF. See Figure 12. 6.5.1.2 Double packed JR‘ GW BE‘ BT* BT+ BT CLR‘ BT* BT} GF See Figure 13. 6.6 PTFE Chevron and V-Rings Many valves are supplied with this type of arrangement, Generally, the Original Equipment Manufacturer’s (OEM’s) configuration, including the live loading, should not be changed. Where system pressures are below 500 psi(g) (3.4 MPa (g)), the recommended packing stresses are: maximum stress = —_-700 psi (4.8 MPa) minimum stress = 500 psi (3.4 MPa) Note: PTFE Chevron and V-rings are capable of self energising which can cause the packing friction to increase as the system pressure increases. This is undesirable because most valves are set up and adjusted with no system pressure, Where the system operating pressure is above 500 psi (3.4 MPa) the minimum packing stress for PTFE Chevron and V-Rings should not be less than the system operating pressure Test data have indicated that the maximum applied gland stress for PTFE Chevron and V-rings should not exceed 1, 000 psi (6.8 MPa). However, if supported by OEM test data, higher applied gland loads are acceptableCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 7-1 Rev. 1 7 INSTALLATION TECHNIQUE, a Equipment To adequately perform the installation process, some specialised tools will be required. These will include a gland follower that is longer than that used for normal operation (or an adapter) to reach down to the bottom packing set. For convenience, the temporary follower (or adapter) shall be split in two along its axis. Ideally, one set of components should be suitable for use on all the valves on a given contract. However, in practice this may not be possible due to the variation in valve sizes and design 72 Method The following guidelines are generic in nature and provide the basic steps for safe installation of valve packing, 721 Live Loaded Single Packed Configuration a) All internal components must be clean (free of burrs and foreign material) and meet the tolerances specified in this specification, Gloves are recommended to be worn for the handling and installation of packing materials. b) Graphite bushings should be used to fill the stuffing box space not used by the functional packing configuration. ©) Install the packing set in accordance with Section 6, 4) Die-formed graphite rings and braided style rings should be installed on the stem by using an “S-Twist” and stagger the packing joints 60 to 120 degrees apart, Packing joints should be at least three packing rings in height apart (i.e., 0°, 120°, 240°, 0°). ©) Load the gland follower evenly to the specified gland stress in Table A-1 of Appendix A. ) Stroke the valve stem a minimum of five full cycles, At the end of each down stroke check for torque decay. Iflow, return to the specified torque value. All torque adjustments should be ‘made after a down stroke or when the valve stem is in the closing or down actuation mode, Do not adjust the gland torque after an open or up stroke. 18) Apply system pressure and check for leaks. 7.22 Live Loaded Double Packed Configuration a) All internal components must be clean (free of burrs and foreign material) and meet the tolerances specified in this specification. Gloves are recommended to be worn for the handling and installation of packing materials, b) Graphite bushings should be used to fill the stuffing box space not used by the functional packing configuration. ©) Install the packing set in accordance with Section 6. 4) Die-formed graphite rings and braided style rings should be installed on the stem by using an “S-Twist” and stagger the packing joints 60 to 120 degrees apart. Packing joints should be at least three packing rings in height apart (i.e., 0°, 120°, 240°, 0°).CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 7-2 Rev. 1 ¢) Install lantern ring and gland follower extender. £) Load the gland follower evenly to the specified gland stress in Table A-1 of Appendix A. 2) Stroke the valve stem a minimum of five full cycles. At the end of each down stroke check for torque decay. If low, return to the specified torque value. All torque adjustments should bbe made after a down stroke or when the valve stem is in the closing or down actuation mode. Do not adjust the gland torque after an open or up stroke. h) Remove the gland load and confirm the location of the lantem ring or lift the lantern ring and visually confirm location of the top of the lower packing set with respect to the leak-off port i) Install the secondary set following similar steps used for the primary set i) Install the disc springs. k) Load the packing set evenly to the specified gland stress in Table A-1 of Appendix A. 1) Stroke the valve stem a minimum of five full cycles. At the end of each down stroke check for torque decay. If low, return to the specified torque value. All torque adjustments should bbe made after a down stroke or when the valve stem is in the closing or down actuation mode. Do not adjust the gland torque after an open or up stroke. m) Apply system pressure and check for leaks. 723 1/4 Turn and Rotary Application The following installation has been found by test to be the most effective in loading packing configurations where stem actuation does not allow effective redistribution of the packing stress. a) All internal components must be clean (free of burrs and foreign material) and meet the tolerances specified in this specification. Gloves are recommended to be worn for the handling and installation of packing materials. b) Graphite bushings should be used to fill the stuffing box space not used by the functional packing configuration ©) Install the packing set in accordance with Section 6 (maximum of five-rings in a given set) 4) Braided style rings should be installed on the stem by using an “S-Twist” and stagger the packing joints 60 to 120 degrees apart. Packing joints should be at least three packing rings in height apart (i.e., 0°, 120°, 240°, 0”). €) Load the gland follower evenly to the specified gland stress in Table A-1 of Appendix A. £) Leave the packing set loaded to the applied load for 24-48 hours and reload to design load 8) Apply system pressure and check for leaks Note: For double packed configurations the primary set, that which is closest to the fluid pressure, should be loaded first to 5, 000 psi (34.5 MPa) before unloading to install the secondary set.CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 8-1 Rev. 1 8. SPRING ASSEMBLY DESIGN 8.1 General Itis expected that the majority of valves will utilise two (2) stacks of dise springs to apply load tothe gland. Ina few very arduous situations, four (4) stacks may prove necessary. More than four (4) stacks will not be permitted Each stack will be made up of a number of “load units” arranged in series, (ie., edge to edge). A load unit could be either one (1) disc spring alone, or multiple disc springs arranged together in series (see Figure 1), 8.2 Packing Consolidation The height of the packing in the stuffing box will be reduced during the assembly process. This is known as the “initial consolidation” in height. The loss is caused by a variety of factors such as the elimination of voids in the packing material and the conformance of the packing to the boundaries of the stuffing box. Dimensions of the stuffing box relating to its depth and to the position of leakoff connections, are dependent on the magnitude of the initial consolidation Where necessary, this information may also be used to justify the use of lantern rings and gland followers shorter than the lengths required by Sections 5.2 and 5.4 of this specification. Once the valve is operational and is subject to stroking and thermal cycling, etc., a further loss of packing volume occurs. This is known as “in-service consolidation” and is caused by the leaching out of soluble binders, mechanical wear and long-term consolidation. It is this in-service consolidation that the live loading spring stacks must compensate for. Estimates for the magnitude of the two types of consolidation are to be found in Appendix A. It is recommended that a 50% margin be added to the in-service height loss when sizing the spring assemblies 8.3 Dise Spring Sizing The individual disc springs are required to be as large as possible to be efficient in their use of the available space. Physical constraints limit the diameter of each disc and the overall height of a spring stack, ie., the distance between the gland retaining stud and the valve stem limits the diameter, and the height of the valve yoke limits the height of the spring assembly. The elements of design are given below. a) Packing Load The preferred packing stress and the minimum acceptable packing stress are given in Table A-1 of Appendix A. ‘Therefore the required preferred packing load L (Newtons) equals the preferred required packing stress (MPa) times the effective cross-sectional area (mm’) of the stuffing box. 'b) Spring Load When disc springs are stacked they are subject to edge friction and when nested in parallel, sliding friction is introduced. Hence greater load is required to compress the springs to a given deflection than would appear necessary. Similarly, when unloading, disc springs willCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 8-2 Rev. 1 deliver less thrust than ar compensate for this effect pated. A friction correction factor (k) may be used to k = 0.98 for 1 - spring (edge friction only) k = 0.95 for 2- springs in parallel k 0.92 for 3 - springs in parallel Dis springs shall not be loaded to more than 75% of their flattening load. Therefore; where: Ph = Flattening load per load unit (N) L_ = Total load to produce the required packing stress (N) y Number of stacks required to make an assembly n = Number of disc springs in a load unit k Friction factor (to suit n) = ——— Newtons 075.y.n.k Note: To obtain satisfactory performance from disc springs, it is recommended that the relationship between certain physical dimensions be confined within limits. Therefore, where; Do= Outside diameter of a dise spring Di = __ Inside diameter of a dise spring Do 1.7( — (22 (a & and where; h = Vertical height of a dise spring t = Material thickness of a dise spring hei3 t Utilising the above information and including the requirements for dise spring guide clearance, suitable springs may be selected from the manufacturer's catalogue. Any advice or warnings regarding spring selection, given in the spring manufacturer’s literature shall be given due attention 8.4 Detailed Requirements Disc spring assemblies shall be designed using load versus deflection curves provided by the spring manufacturer for both loading and unloading, One unit of each spring assembly configuration for each lot of disc springs shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of Section 5.8, Design of disc spring assemblies using load versus deflection curves determined by calculation is not acceptable. Design loads for disc springs shall not be more than 75% of the flattening load. The height to thickness ratio of disc springs shall not exceed 1.3 to 1CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 8-3 Rev. 1 For rising stem valves the number of disc sp than four ng assemblies shall not be less than two or greater For rotating stem valves and some control valves a single stack of dise springs concentric with the valve stem is acceptable provided that: a) The stem is protected from scoring by contact with the disc springs b) Adequate guiding and support of the stem is maintained, ©) The materials in contact with the stem are subject to acceptance by the Purchaser. However, to facilitate packing replacement, the use of multiple disc spring assemblies on all valve assemblies is preferred. The load vs deflection curves shall be submitted to the Purchaser for information and included in the respective history dockets. 85 Disc Spring Stack Calibration Once the design of a spring stack has been finalised, a load vs deflection diagram (both loading and unloading) shall be derived from actual test results. The method by which this diagram is produced shall be capable of achieving consistently repeatable results, When the diagram is available (see Figure 2), the loads required to produce the “preferred required” and the “acceptable minimum” packing stresses (given in Table A-1 of Appendix A), shall be plotted on the unloading portion of the diagram, This is to ensure that both points lie on the (essentially) linear portion of the curve The plotted points represent forces to be exerted by the springs. From the diagram (on the loading portion), a close approximation can be obtained of the load to be applied to the springs at the initial set-up of the packing system and during subsequent maintenance. The torque to be applied to the gland nuts, required to produce the “initial setting” load to the springs, shall be stated on the Supplier's general arrangement drawing of the valve The required maximum torque shall be calculated using the following formula. T =0.2x(DLy/n)/12 ft.lb; (T = 0.2x10° xD(Ly/n) N.m) Where: Tis the torque which must be applied to each gland nut to produce the Maximum Required Stress in the packing, ft-lb (N.m) Dis the diameter of the gland bolts, in (mm), L, is the Required Maximum Packing Load specified in Section 8.3 a), Ibe. (N) nis the number of gland bolts. Note: It is essential, when working with carbon or graphite fibre packing materials, to ensure that the maximum load to be imposed on the packing is less than 3800 psi (26.2 MPa) to prevent physical breakdown of the fibres.CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page I-1 Rev. 1 nore: Figure 1 Typical Live Loaded Packaging ArrangementNo1931330 Page 1-2 3AUNO -ONIaYOINN. g 3 2 \ Groirevmin Sava" 3AuNO -ONIGVOT. LOAD Q¥OT aauINOSE WNWNIXYA (Q¥O7 ONILL3S TWILINI Figure 2 Load Versus Deflection (Exaggerated for Clarity) CONTROLLED82-30830-TS-003 Page I-3 Rev. 1 CONTROLLED Y 7 1 FLAT WASHER: = PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING 2 COMPOSITE END RINGS 2 DIE-FORMED RINGS. COMPOSIT D RING CARBON BUSHING x GRAPHITE WASHER JUNK RING Figure 3 Combination Graphite - Single Packed Valves With Composite End RingsCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page I-4 Rev. 1 1 FLAT WASHER <= PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING BRAIDED END RING 2 DIE-FORMED RINGS BRAIDED END RING CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER = JUNK RING Figure 4 Combination Graphite - Single Packed Valves With Braided End RingsCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page I-S Rev. 1 « 2 FLAT WASHERS, PER STUD 10 SPRING. WASHERS PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING COMPOSITE END RING DIE-FORMED RING COMPOSITE END RING CARBON LANTERN RING COMPOSITE END RING 2 DIE-FORMED RINGS COMPOSITE END RING CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER JUNK RING Figure 5 Combination Graphite - Double Packed Valves Using Carbon Lantern RingsCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page -6 Rev. 1 2 FLAT WASHERS PER STUD 10 SPRING WASHERS, PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING COMPOSITE END RING DIE FORMED RING COMPOSITE END RING GRAPHITE WASHER METAL LANTERN RING GRAPHITE WASHER COMPOSITE END RING 2 DIE-FORMED RINGS COMPOSITE END RING CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER JUNK RING Figure 6 Combination Graphite - Double Packed Valves Using Metal Lantern RingsCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page I-7 Rev. 1 1 FLAT WASHER PER STUD. GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING COMPOSITE END RING TEFLON WASHER DIE-FORMED RING TEFLON WASHER DIE-FORMED RING COMPOSITE END RING CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER, JUNK RING Figure 7 Friction Reducing - Standard Set With TeflonCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page 8 Rev. 1 y 1 FLAT WASHER < | ~ PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING COMPOSITE END RING TEFLON WASHER, REDUCED DIE-FORMED RING COMPOSITE END RING TEFLON WASHER. REDUCED DIE-FORMED RING COMPOSITE END RING CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER JUNK RING Figure 8 Friction Reducing - Reduced Height ‘Sandwich’ StyleCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page I-9 Rev. 1 1 FLAT WASHER PER STUD, GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING 4 BRAIDED GRAPHITES CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER JUNK RING Figure 9 Braided Graphite - Single Packed Valves82-30830-TS-003 Page I-10 Rev. 1 CONTROLLED 2 FLAT WASHERS PER STUD 10 SPRING « WASHERS, PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING 2 BRAIDED GRAPHITES CARBON LANTERN RING 3 BRAIDED GRAPHITES CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER JUNK RING Figure 10 Braided Graphite - Double Packed Valves (Style 1)CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page I-11 Rev. 1 < 2 FLAT WASHERS PER STUD 10 SPRING < WASHERS PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING 2 BRAIDED GRAPHITES CARBON LANTERN RING BRAIDED GRAPHITE DIE-FORMED GRAPHITE BRAIDED GRAPHITE CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER, JUNK RING Figure 11 Braided Graphite - Double Packed Valves (Style 2)CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page I-12 Rev. 1 1 FLAT WASHER <= PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING 4 BRAIDED PTFE RINGS CARBON BUSHING GRAPHITE WASHER a JUNK RING Figure 12 Braided PTFE - Single Packed Valves82-30830-TS-003 Page I-13 Rev. 1 CONTROLLED 2 FLAT WASHERS, PER STUD 10 SPRING i WASHERS PER STUD GLAND FOLLOWER GRAPHITE WASHER CARBON BUSHING 2 BRAIDED PTFE RINGS = CARBON LANTERN RING 3 BRAIDED PTFE RINGS CARBON BUSHING . GRAPHITE WASHER es JUNK RING Figure 13 Braided PTFE - Double Packed ValvesCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page A-1 Rev. 1 Appendix A Valve Stem Packing Materials The information contained in this Appendix is intended for valves with both sli rotary/quarter turn stem motion. It covers the chemical composition and mechanical properties of qualified packing materials. The packings materials identified have been qualified through documented test programs. They are the only packings acceptable unless full and complete testing documentation can be provided showing that the alternative product (s) meet or exceed the requirements of this technical specification. These documents must be fully available to the Purchaser for review and possible audit. Ad General Within each category, all products are considered to be equal with respect to performance, and are listed in alphabetical order. All identified die-formed flexible graphite rings, braided end ngs, composite end rings and braided graphite listed below have been qualified by testing in accordance with the requirements of this technical specification ALL Chemical Composition The graphite and carbon containing packing rings listed in this appendix must not contain asbestos. The chemical composition of packing rings shall meet the following requirements: Graphite Content 98.0% Minimum Leachable Chloride 50 (g/g (ppm) Maximum Leachable Fluoride 25 (g/g (ppm) Maximum Leachable Sulfates 70 (g/g (ppm) Maximum, Total Sulfur 700 (g/g (ppm) Maximum Total Heavy Metals 500 (g/g (ppm) Maximum AQ Die-Formed Flexible Graphite ADM General Die-formed rings provide the sealing function of a combination die-formed graphite packing set. They must be used with either braided or composite end rings. A22 Product Form Packing shall be preformed rings A23 Density Only high purity graphite containing no resins, binders or organic fillers shall be used, The densities of die-formed flexible graphite rings shall not be less than 87.5 Ib/ft’ (1.4 g/cm’),CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page A-2 Rev. 1 Ald Dimensions Where die-formed flexible graphite packing rings do not have square cross sections, the ratio of the nominal ring thickness (T) divided by the ring width (W) shall not be less than 0.5 or greater than 1,2, Where practical the packing ring should not be less than 1/4 in. (6 mm). A25 Corrosion Inhibitors The die-formed rings may contain inorganic passive corrosion inhibitors, AL26 Qualified Die-formed Flexible Graphite Argo 6300) Burgmann 0901 Garlock Graph-Lock Garlock 9000 EVSP* LATTYgraf El * 9000 EVSP is a qualified packing configuration and due to its unique design does contain die-formed rings of less than 87.5 Ib/ft’ (1.4 g/cm’). AS Braided End Rings AB. General Braided end rings are used to bracket die-formed rings and act as anti-extrusion rings to contain the die-formed graphite packing, ‘They provide little to no sealing and must not be used as a “stand alone” sealing ring A32 Product Form Packing may be supplied either in bulk, as precut, or as preformed rings, A33 Density Only high purity graphite or carbon containing no resins, binders or organic fillers shall be used. The density of braided end rings shall not be less than 65 Ib/ft’ (1.0 g/cm’). ABA Dimensions Where braided end rings do not have square cross sections, the ratio of the nominal ring thickness (T) divided by the ring width (W) shall not be less than 0.9 or greater than 1.1, Where practical the packing rings should not be less than 1/4 in, (6 mm). ABS Corrosion Inhibitors: (same A2.5.)CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page A-3 Rev. 1 A3.6 Qualified Braided End Rings Argo Style 524 Burgmann 6030 Garlock G-700 Ad Composite End Ring AAL General Composite end rings are used to bracket die-formed rings and act as anti-extrusion rings to contain the graphite packing. ‘They provide little to no sealing and must not be used as a sealing ring AAD Product Form Packing shall be solid or split preformed tings. AA3 Density Only high purity graphite or carbon shall be used, ‘The density of composite end rings shall not be less than 100 Ib/ft* (1.6 g/cm’). AAA Dimensions Where composite end rings do not have square cross sections, the ratio of the nominal ring thickness (T) divided by the ring width (W) shall not be less than 0.5 or greater than 1.2 Minimum thickness shall not be less than 1/4 in. (6 mm) AAS Corrosion Inhibitors Not required. AAG Qualified Composite End ings Argo Graphite/Carbon Composite Style 6000 AS Braided Graphite AS. General Braided graphite packing rings are sealing rings that do not require the use of die-formed rings or anti-extrusion rings, Braided graphite packing rings may also be used as anti-extrusion rings. AS.2 Product Form Packing shall be supplied either in bulk, as precut, or as preformed rings.CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page A-4 Rev. 1 AS3 Density Only high purity graphite or carbon which may contain binders or organic fillers shall be used. The densities of braided graphite packing rings shall not be less than 70 Ib/ft* (1.1 g/cm’) ASA Dimensions Where braided graphite packing rings do not have square cross sections, the ratio of the nominal ring thickness (T) divided by the ring width (W) shall not be less than 0.9 or greater than 1,1 ASS Corrosion Inhibitors Both passive and active corrosion inhibitors are acceptable, with passive inhibitors being preferred, AS.6 Qualified Braided Graphite Argo Style 5000 LATTY graf 6117 SEPCO ML 911 (Note: SEPCO 911 is not acceptable) A6 Braided PTFE AOL General Braided PTFE rings are sealing rings used to reduce stem friction and must be used with live loading and anti-extrusion rings. Note: PTFE products shall not be used in applications where the design temperature is above 150°C. A6.2 Product Form Packing shall be supplied either in bulk, as precut, or as preformed rings. A63 Density Only high purity PTFE containing no binders or organic fillers shall be used. The density of braided PTFE rings shall not be less than 87.5 Ib/ft’ (1.4 g/cm’). AGA Dime ions Where braided PTFE rings do not have square cross sections, the ratio of the nominal ring thickness (T) divided by the Packing Width (W) shall not be less than 0.9 or greater than 1.1 AGS Chemical Composi NACONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page A-S Rev. 1 Corrosion Inhibitors Qualified Braided PTFE: Anchor 1121 Type I Chesterton 1724 Garlock 5888 AT Stem Seal Design ATA Configurations Packing configurations shall be selected by the Purchaser or the packing manufacturer to suit each individual valve. Preferred packing configurations are identified in Section 6 AT2 Packing Stress Table A-1 lists the standard gland stress for the qualified packing materials, ‘Table A-L Standard Applied Gland Stress for Packing Material Configurations Packing Material Packing Stress, psi (MPa) Preferred Minimum Single Packed Composite/Graphite 4000 (27.6) 3000 (20.7) Double Packed Composite/Graphite 5000 (34.5) 3500 (24.1) Single Packed Yarn/Graphite 3800 (26.2) 3000 (20.7) Double Packed Yarn/Graphite 3800 (26.2) 3000 (20.7) Braided Graphite 4000 (27.6) 3000 (20.7) Braided PTFE, 2200 (15.2) 1700 (11.7) Chevron PTFE 700 (4.8) 500 (3.4) AT3 Initial Cons; Initial consolidation is the reduction in packing height which occurs during packing installation Initial consolidation for the various types of packing materials permitted by this specification is Die-formed Flexible Graphite 22% - 30% Braided End Rings: 35% - 40% Composite End Rings 3% - 5% Braided Graphite 28% - 30% Braided PTFE 20% - 25%CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page A-6 Rev. 1 ATA In-service Consolidation: In-service consolidation is the reduction in packing height resulting from packing wear and loss of soluble binders after installation, In-service consolidation for the various types of packing rings permitted by this specification is Die-formed Flexible Graphite Braided End Rings: Composite End Rings: Braided Graphite Braided PTFE 5%-7%CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page B-1 Rev. 1 Appendix B Friction Values for Valve Stem Packing The information contained in this appendix is intended principally for valves using the qualified packing materials identified in Appendix A. The friction information has been derived from a series of packing tests designed specifically to generate friction information, The packing friction calculations are based on the test data results at ambient conditions and should be viewed as the expected operating range for the packing configurations used. The calculated friction values can be as much as a factor of three higher than the running friction at operating temperatures and pressures. Note: The friction factors and information presented in this appendix is the best available data at the time of writing. Testing is ongoing and updated information will become available BA General There is a fine line between maintaining effective stem sealing and stem operation, Too low a friction allowing smooth stem travel often means an increase in stem packing leakage and with low leakage there tends to be high friction. When the packing is stressed by the applied gland load, it generates a radial squeeze on the stem, When this radial squeeze equals the fluid pressure, leakage is stopped. In addition, this radial force resists axial or rotary motion of the valve stem. The force required to overcome this squeeze, or force, is called the packing friction force. B2 Calculations B21 Calculation based on Gland Stress The packing friction force is a function of the applied gland stress, operating conditions, stuffing box materials, the consolidated packing height, and the coefficients of friction between the packing and the stem and the bonnet. ‘The development of the packing friction formula is well documented but is beyond the scope of this appendix. The following equations are simplified versions of the more complex formula but are suitable for estimating stem packing friction for most applications, For non-rotating linear stem movement the stem packing friction can be estimated using the following equation F=G,°Py-D,-m-Y-f (Pounds or Newtons) and for rotating non-rising stems: T =G,-Ph ‘Dg +a Y-f-Rg (Inch-Pounds or Newton-Meters) where: G. = applied gland stress This is the amount of gland stress (MPa) applied to the packing through the gland bolts, The gland stress (N) is usually proportionally measured using calibrated torquing wrenches to measure the applied torque (N'm) to the gland studs or nuts. The gland stress is considered aCONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page B-2 Rev. 1 known value although, this value can vary considerably depending on the stud and gland nut condition, lubrication and torquing procedures. P,, = effective packing height The packing height is the compressed height of those rings in the packing configuration that generate enough radial stem contact to cause packing friction (i.e., full packing height - consolidation). D, = stem diameter R, = stem radius Y = transfer ratio from axial stress to average radial stress This ratio can vary depending on the density of the packing material, the configuration design and the installation procedure used. The test data is based on the packing ring densities stated in Appendix A. f= friction coefficient The coefficient of friction of the packing material against the valve stem is defined by “f”. The aim of the packing designer is to keep the friction coefficient as low as possible and yet maintain sealablity. ‘The coefficient of friction is influenced by the material properties and can change with temperature, stem conditions and applied load B22 Non-Dimensional Stem Friction, fY To make friction predictions for a variety of geometries, fY and consolidation factors for common gland stresses and packing combinations are shown in Table B-1 Table B-l Friction Factors Packing Material Packing fy Consolidation Stress, psi (MPa) (% of free height) Composite/Graphite 4000 (27.6) 0.189 25% Composite/Graphite 5000 (34.5) 0.235 28% Yarn/Graphite 3800 (26.2) 0.101 30% Braided Graphite 4000 (27.6) 0.113 30% Braided PTFE, 2200 (15.2) 0.045 25% The FY values shown in Table B-1 have been adapted from friction test reports and are intended for use in actuator sizing only. The fY values in Table B-1 will predict stem friction values, 20-40% greater than the actual field conditions. They can be used to predict stem friction for three to five ring composite/die-formed, braided/die-formed packing sets or braided graphite and PTFE with different configurations and geometries, The user must know the packing configuration, including gland stress, expected consolidated packing height at that stress and the number of friction-causing rings,CONTROLLED 82-30830-TS-003 Page B-3 Rev. 1 NOTE: — Composite end rings should not be included in the calculation of the compressed packing height (P,) since under the operating gland stresses shown, they do not contribute to stem friction.