England Country Report

England
Country Report
England Country Report
1. Introduction...................................................................................................................... 3
2. Delivering the Pilot Intervention ....................................................................................... 4
2.1 Project Management ...................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Engagement ................................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Process ........................................................................................................................... 5
2.4 Development of the program.......................................................................................... 5
2.5 Target group .................................................................................................................. 6
2.6 Materials ........................................................................................................................ 7
3. Evaluating the Pilot intervention ....................................................................................... 8
3.1 Sample ........................................................................................................................... 9
3.2 Demographic characteristics: ......................................................................................... 9
3.3 Instruments ...................................................................................................................10
3.4 Quality data and database analysis ...............................................................................10
4. Results Achieved..............................................................................................................10
4.1 Project Outputs ..........................................................................................................10
4.2 Impact at organizational level .......................................................................................11
4.3 Impact at workplace level .............................................................................................12
5. Conclusions......................................................................................................................18
6. Limitations .......................................................................................................................19
7. Appendices ......................................................................................................................19
2
1. Introduction
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by Wales to the West
and Scotland to the North and has over 100 smaller islands within the territories. England is
the most populated country within the UK and has over 51 Million inhabitants and estimates
show that there are 395 people per square kilometre.
The 2001 Census shows the population in the wider Liverpool Urban region at 816,216. This
has fallen from 837,998 in 1991. There are an estimated 469,017 people living in Liverpool
based on the most recent Census.
Across Europe there has been a great deal of work carried out to research the impact alcohol
has on health and methods to control the potential damage. Eurocare – European alcohol
policy alliance was sent up in 1990 and has brought together 50 public health organisations
across 22 European countries to work on prevention and reduction of alcohol harm.
In 2006 ‘reducing the harm done by alcohol – Bridging the gap’ was produced by Eurocare.
This outlined several areas of potential harm to health and potential methods to reduce the
impact. The areas covered within this guidance included:
reduction in drink driving, education, communication, training and public awareness,

regulation of the alcohol market, packaging and labelling of alcohol products, price and tax
measures to reduce the harm done by alcohol, illicit trade in alcoholic products, travellers
allowances within the European Union, restrictions on the availability of alcohol, sales to
minors, alcohol advertising, promotion and sponsorship, reducing harm in drinking and
surrounding environments, interventions for individuals and families, interventions for
hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence.
Although there is currently no specific legislation in the UK for alcohol misuse in the
workplace, does fall within the wider remit of health and safety and employment legislation
(examples of this can be seen below).There are a great many workplace guidance policies
available on alcohol and mental health and much of this can be accessed through the internet.
The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) www.hse.gov.uk has produced detailed standards for
employers on the management of work related stress www.hse.gov.uk/stress and provides
case studies for employers to view. In addition HSE has produced information sources on
alcohol and the workplace www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg240.htm
www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg91.pdf which provide employers with practical information on
common problems and how to deal with issues.
Table 1: Legislative context for alcohol in England
England
Is there specific legislation for alcohol misuse in the workplace? NO
Are there official guidelines / policies on workplace and alcohol in the country? YES
Is there official guidance or advice on workplace and alcohol available for YES
companies and/or employees in the country?
3
2. Delivering the Pilot Intervention

2.1 Project Management
Describe the country partner institution
Health@Work is a registered independent charity offering a wide range of safety, health and
wellbeing related products and services.
Health@Work was established in 1994 and is recognised both locally and nationally as being at
the cutting edge of workplace health.
Our services include Health and Safety, The Workplace Wellbeing Charter, Workplace Well-
Being and Training, including First Aid training.
The general work plan and organization
Health@Work carried out the work within the participating organizations. They provided
employers with a brief outlining the aims and activities and explained the process to
employees to gain buy in from the early stages.
It was expected that for some clients they would provide the employers with the
questionnaires and resources (collection boxes), and would collect and collate completed
questionnaires within agreed timeframe. However for most clients they arranged for the
questionnaire to be administered though an online system, emailed to participating
employees.
2.2 Engagement
Workplaces were selected from current participants of the Workplace Wellbeing Charter.
These engaged with, or had experience of working with Health@Work on workplace health
issues. We had one client contact, which in this project was normally the HR manager or
someone in the HR team. Unions were also engaged with to ensure interventions were
acceptable.
Table 2: Companies and intervention characteristics
Companies Sectors Ownership Size Method Level

Intervention
Liverpool Sector Accomodation and Public Medium External Intermediate
Mutual food service activities
Homes
Side Fire & Public administration and Public Large External Intermediate
Rescue Service defence:compulsory social
security
4
Barbners Professional, Scientific and Private Medium External Intermediate

Chaffe street Techinical activities
John West Professional, Scientific and Private Medium External Intermediate
food LTD Techinical activities
Marriott Hotel Sector Private Medium External Intermediate
Liverpool Accommodation and food
service activities
2.3 Process
Key actors involved
This project was led by the project manager and delivered by the workplace health advisors.
Organisations was selected to reflect a variety of sizes, locations and business sectors across
Merseyside
Project leader: James Dunningham, Operations Director

Health team: Ali Hargreaves, Kevin Yip and Sean Corcoran
2.4 Development of the program

They used readily available resources and materials to deliver this work. All information was
gathered and collated by Health@Work admin staff and data provided for analysis:
An organisational baseline audit conducted to establish the current policies and

support offered within the organisation.
A confidential questionnaire administered to the workforce to measure the current
issues and awareness surrounding alcohol consumption particular target areas or
areas of concern.
An alcohol awareness campaign within the workplace, including the distribution of
campaign bags containing self help materials such as alcohol calorie counters,
information about external sources of support, unit wheels that calculate units
consumed, posters and drinks diaries for staff members, all to help promote the
messages of drinking safely
Workplace Health and Wellbeing Consultants on hand to conduct alcohol brief
interventions in a communal area such as a meeting room, staff room or canteen
A private room for staff who wish to confidentially talk about their personal drinking
patterns and the effect things such as binge drinking will have on long term health,
was also made available
Alcohol awareness training sessions for managers or supervisors
Table3: Development of the program
5
Companies Pre-existing Ownership Size Method Level Intervention

policy
Liverpool Mutual Homes Public Medium External Intermediate
Side Fire & Rescue Public Large External Intermediate

Service
Barbners Chaffe street Private Medium External Intermediate
John West food LTD Private Medium External Intermediate
Marriott Hotel Liverpool Private Medium External Intermediate
2.5 Target group

The Workplace health Advisors selected the organizations from ones identified as
requiring support or fitting within the project parameters.
They made contact, explained the project activities and agreed an action plan with the
employers. This included number of questionnaires to be conducted, time period and
details of report/ information that was provided to organisations on completion.
The questionnaire / online questionnaire was given out to the workforce.
H@W was supported by each business to run alcohol awareness campaigns within the
workplace, which included campaign bags containing self help materials such as
alcohol calorie counters, referral pathways, unit wheels, posters and drinks diaries for
staff members to help promote the messages of drinking safely.
In addition two advisors were on hand to do alcohol brief interventions in a communal

area such as a staff room/canteen. There was also a private room used for staff who
were able to confidentially talk about their personal drinking patterns and the effect
things such as binge drinking can have on long term health.
Our trained advisors run alcohol awareness training sessions for managers/supervisors
which highlighted the importance of drinking safely. Managers gave information about
the effects of alcohol to individuals and society, information and updates on alcohol
units and levels of risk associated with consumption, the skills to raise the issue of
alcohol and how to determine risk. They also provided with resources to facilitate the
brief interventions and local self help services.
The follow up questionnaire was then administered either via collection boxes or
online.
6
Table 4: Response tax by company
Companies Numbers of Baseline Follow-up Follow-up exposed

workers covered to action
Liverpool Mutual Homes 168 82 216 106 (50%)

Side Fire & Rescue 72 238 0 0
Service
Barbners Chaffe street 202 70 23 18 (78%)
John West food LTD 75 34 5 4 (80%)
Marriott Hotel Liverpool 60 21 0 0
2.6 Materials
Campaign bags
Alcohol Audit tool - used to assess levels of drinking and how this may affect long term
health
Fancy a drink campaign materials
Information outlining links between alcohol and stress/mental health and wellbeing
Information outlining dangers of drinking and driving Information
outlining cost savings through cutting down on alcohol consumption
Alcohol and Men
Alcohol and women
Second stage Brief intervention – six step plan for changing your drinking habits
Alcohol calorie and cost calculator wheel
Drinks Diary – part of second stage brief intervention
Health@Work pen
Health@Work is working in partnership with Liverpool Primary Care trust to raise
awareness of sensible drinking levels. We are currently able to offer a free Pssst!
Campaign pack to businesses across the city. The aims of these materials are to pass
out to employees and promote healthier workplaces
All these materials can be accessed at:
http://healthatworkcentre.org.uk/pageinfo.asp?European-Workplace-and-Alcohol-
i26.html
Campaign packs include, amongst other items:
Unit calculators
Drinks diaries
Pens
Mocktail booklets
Calorie counters
Leaflets
7
3. Evaluating the Pilot intervention

The design and methodology used were the ones proposed by the project. The calendar for
the different pilots was the following.
Table 5: Calendar for the development of the different pilots interventions
Companies Date start Baseline Intervention Follow-up Audit

intervention survey
Liverpool Mutual 21/11/2012 Baseline was follow-up was Jan 2013
Homes conducted in conducted in
Side Fire & Rescue 21/11/2012 Baseline was follow-up was Jan 2013
Service conducted in conducted in
Barbners Chaffe 21/11/2012 Baseline was follow-up was Jan 2013
8
street conducted in conducted in
John West food LTD 21/11/2012 Baseline was follow-up was Jan 2013
conducted in conducted in
Marriott Hotel 21/11/2012 Baseline was follow-up was Jan 2013

Liverpool conducted in conducted in
3.1 Sample
Total number of workers involved in the intervention: 689 questionnaires collected in total
(445 baseline and 244 follow-up) Response tax 77 % in the baseline questionnaire and 42.8 %
tax of response in the follow-up questionnaire.
Table 6: Distribution of sample achieved questionnaires by time
+Planed Number of Target employees No. Baseline No. Follow-up Total

companies companies Questionnaire Questionnaire
5 3 (60%) 577 445 244 689
3.2 Demographic characteristics:

In both pre and post questionnaires there were more males than females (53%, N=230 vs 48%
at baseline and 65%, N=155 vs 35% at follow-up).The most representative age group in both
pre and post questionnaires was 45-54 years old (37%, N=162 in pre 39%, N=95 in post). Other
white collar job worker was the most common position in pre questionnaires (44%, N=179)
whereas managerial was the most common job in post questionnaires (43%, N=76).
Figure 1 and 2. Age and sex of participants by time
Figure 3. Distribution job of participants by time
9
3.3 Instruments
The instruments were the ones included in the project description.
3.4 Quality data and database analysis

The analyses undertaken are the same as for the other pilots in Europe. All data were collected
through an excel or spss template online or printed. Once collected and introduced in the
templates were sent back to the EWA management team in order to be reviewed included in a
Spss v.17.0 version data set. Data were analysed taking into account a 0.5 bilateral
signification.
4. Results Achieved
4.1 Project Outputs
After the intervention 244 questionnaires were collected. The 68.2% (131) of workers claimed
to have filled in the baseline questionnaire, 5.2 % (10) had not and 26.6% (51) were not sure.
Table 7: Distribution of participants to follow-up exposed to action
Companies Numbers of Baseline Follow-up Follow-up exposed to

workers covered action
Liverpool 168 82 216 106 (50%)
Mutual Homes
Side Fire & 72 238 0 0
Rescue Service
Barbners Chaffe 202 70 23 18 (78%)
10
street
John West food 75 34 5 4 (80%)

LTD
Marriott Hotel 60 21 0 0
Liverpool
4.2 Impact at organizational level

Table below displays employers’ reports on the organisation situation in terms of alcohol
policies before and after the intervention. Statistical significance for these questions is
irrelevant due to the fact that the sample of companies is not large enough to be
representative (5 at baseline and follow up).
At baseline all companies has an alcohol policy, had specific policies for alcohol at corporate
and staff events and a support for workers who had problems were recording absenteeism,
workplace accidents and incidents such as "near misses" and first aid cases". Nevertheless only
one company was delivering alcohol-related training to the workforce, only one company had
policies procedures regarding alcohol at corporate and staff events and only one company
provided alcohol-related training to managers. At follow up no changes were observed.
Table 8: Organisation characteristics in terms of alcohol policies by time
PRE POST
YES 5 (100%) 5(100%)

Does your organisation have a written alcohol policy? NO 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Does your organization have a specific policy for the use of alcohol at YES 5 (100%) 5(100%)
corporate events?
NO 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Does your organization have a process for referring employees to YES 5 (100%) 5(100%)
support if they have an alcohol problem? NO 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Does your organization have a specific policy for the use of alcohol at YES 5 (100%) 5(100%)
staff events?
NO 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Does your organization currently provide alcohol-related training YES 1 (20%) 1 (20%)
and information to managers?
NO 4 (80%) 4 (80%)
Does your organization currently provide alcohol-related training YES 1 (20%) 1 (20%)
and information to the rest of the workforce?
NO 4 (80%) 4 (80%)
Does your organisation record absenteeism? YES 5 (100%) 5(100%)
NO 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
If yes, does it specifically record alcohol-related absenteeism? YES 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
11
NO 5 (100%) 5 (100%)
Does your organisation record workplace accidents? YES 5 (100%) 5 (100%)
NO 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
If yes, does it specifically record alcohol-related workplace YES 4 (80%) 4 (80%)

accidents?
NO 1 (20%) 1 (20%)
Does your organisation record other incidents such as "near misses" YES 5 (100%) 5 (100%)
and first aid cases"?
NO 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
If yes, does it specifically record those that are related to alcohol? YES 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
NO 5 (100%) 5 (100%)
Impact of the project EWA in your company. All companies reported a moderate impact of
the EWA project (100%, N=4)
Recommend the introduction of an alcohol intervention (policy, programme, awareness

raising campaign,…), to a colleague from another company. All companies would
recommend the intervention to a colleague (100%, n=4)
4.3 Impact at workplace level

Awareness
The table below shows the level of agreement of workers with the impact of alcohol
on liver diseases, heart diseases, cancer, depression, birth defects and on accidents.
Responses were reported at baseline and follow-up.
At baseline, percentage of workers aware of the impact of alcohol on health conditions was
very high. the health conditions of which workers were more aware of was liver diseases risk
and injuries from accidents (<95%) and the least known was cancer (70.9% at baseline, N=307).
Only two statistically significant changes were observed after the intervention. Percentage of
workers aware of the impact of alcohol on cancer increased from 70.9% (N=307) to 80.58%
(N=195) and on depression from 91.8% (N=405) to 97.5% (N=235).
Table 9: Impact of alcohol awareness by time
Agree Neither Disagree Don’t know p

agree or
disagree
Liver diseases risk Pre 436 (98.6%) 0 (0%) 5 (1.13%) 1 (0.23%) 0.04
Post 236 (98.33%) 3 (1.25%) 0 (0%) 1 (0.42%)
Heart diseases risk Pre 394 (89.95%) 29 (6.62%) 6 (1.37%) 9 (2.05%) 0.18
Post 228 (94.21%) 10 (4.13%) 3 (1.24%) 1 (0.4%)

Cancer Risk Pre 307 (70.9%) 78 (18.01%) 27 (6.24%) 21 (4.85%) 0.00
12
Post 195 (80.58%) 38 (15.7%) 3 (1.24%) 6 (2.48%)

Depression risk Pre 405 (91.84%) 24 (5.44%) 10 (2.27%) 2 (0.45%) 0.03
Post 235 (97.51%) 4 (1.66%) 1 (0.41%) 1 (0.41%)
Birth defects risk Pre 372 (85.32%) 41 (9.4%) 6 (1.38%) 17 (3.9%) 0.15
Post 212 (88.70%) 22 (9.21%) 3 (1.26%) 2 (10.84%)
Injuries from Pre 417 (94.3%) 18 (4.07%) 4 (0.9%) 3 (0.68%) 0.73
accidents
Post 225 (93.7%) 13 (5.42%) 1 (0.42%) 1 (0.42%)
Knowledge about alcohol improved
The figure below shows self-reported impact of intervention on level of knowledge of

alcohol topics. A very high percentage of workers said their level of knowledge had increased
after participating in the prevention programme (71 %, N=102 in total).
Figure 4. Self-reported impact of intervention on knowledge by type and level of intervention
Attitudes
The table below shows level of agreement with the following statements: ‘It’s ok for
me to have an alcoholic drink during my lunch break from work’, ‘I think that alcohol
should be available at social events for staff, that are organised by my workplace,
when the event is outside of normal working hours’, ‘I think that alcohol should be
available at corporate events for clients/customers, that are organised by my
workplace, when the event is during normal working hours’ before and after the
intervention.
13
At baseline, there was a high tolerance towards alcohol at staff events (61.5%, N=266 workers
agreed alcohol should be available at social events for staff) and a low tolerance for drinking
alcohol during lunch time (agreement of 10.3%, N=46).
Following the intervention some changes in participants’ attitudes towards alcohol

consumption were observed. There was a statistically significant decrease in the percentage of
agreement with statements justifying alcohol consumption in a working environment (drinking
during lunch time from 10.3%, N=46 to 3.7%, N=9; serving alcohol at social events for staff
from 61.5%, N=266 to 52.1%, N=121 and serving alcohol at corporate events 18%, N=81 to
10.4%, N=24) at a p<0.01 level.
Table 10. Comparative of the percentage pre and post intervention in the four items about attitudes
Agree Neither agree Disagree Don’t p

or disagree drink
alcohol
It’s OK for me to have an alcoholic Pre 46 (10.3%) 52 (11.7%) 323 (72.7%) 23 (5.1%) 0.00
drink during my lunch break from
Post 9 (3.7%) 15 (6.1%) 202 (83.1%) 17 (7%)
work
I think that alcohol should be Pre 266 (61.5%) 104 (24.1%) 62 (14.3%) 0.01
available at social events for staff,
Post 121(52.1%) 56 (24.1%) 55 (23.7%)
that are organised by my
workplace, when the event is
outside of normal working hours
**
I think that alcohol should be Pre 81 (18.8%) 95 (22.5%) 255 (59.2%) 0.00
available at corporate events for
Post 24 (10.4%) 41 (17.8%) 165 (71.7%)
clients/customers, that are
organised by my workplace, when
the event is during normal
working hours
I am likely to drink more alcoholic Pre 138 (31.1%) 99 (22.3%) 185 (41.6%) 22 (4.95%) 0.19
drinks, than I would normally,
when they are provided free or at Post 79 (32.92%) 61 (25.42%) 82 (34.17%) 18 (7.50%)
a special discounted rate
Consumption
Figure below shows self-reported change in alcohol consumption after the

intervention. 87% (N=187) stated they were drinking a little less than before and 11% (N= 24)
said they were drinking a lot less than before.
Figure 5. Impact of changed in alcohol consumption post intervention
14
The figures below show percentage of risky alcohol consumption among female and
male workers before and after the intervention. No changes were observed in the risky
drinking prevalence among females and males.
Figure 6. Comparative of risky alcohol consumption according to sex by time
MEN RISK ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION WOMEN RISK ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
Behavior at workplace
The table below shows the prevalence of individual alcohol derived problems at
workplace during the past four weeks and co-workers drinking derived problems in the
past 12 months before and after the intervention. No statistically significant changes were
observerd after the interventions regarding the impact of alcohol consumption at a workplace
level.
15
Table 11: impact of alcohol on behaviour at workplace by time
NO YES p
In the last 4 weeks, have you arrived in work with a Pre 395 (95.6%) 18 (4.4%)
hangover? Post 212 (95.93%) 9 (4.1%)
Arrive late of work In the last 4 weeks, have you Pre 412 (99.8%) 1 (0.2%)
been late for work as a result of drinking alcohol?
Post 213 (100%) 0 (0%)
In the last 4 weeks have you been off work as a Pre 392 (95%) 21 (5%)
result of drinking alcohol?
Post 222 (100%) 0 (0%)
The table below shows the prevalence of the impact of co-workers nuisances caused by
alcohol consumption in the past 12 months. Prevalence of problems caused by co-wokers
alcohol consumption was low at baseline and follow up. No statistically significant changes
were observed.
Table 12: Impact of co-workers alcohol consumption by time
Pre Post p
Have you had to cover for them? No 395 (88,8%) 224 (91,8%) 0.207
Yes 50 (11,2%) 20 (8,2%)
Have you had to work extra hours? No 407 (91,5%) 225 (92,2%) 0.732
Yes 38 (8,5%) 19 (7,8%)
Were you involved in an accident or a No 415 (93,3%) 226 (92,6%) 0.754

close call at work?
Yes 30 ( 6,7%) 18 (7,4%)
Help
In total, 5 (2.19%) workers reported that asked for help about their alcohol problems to de
different professionals.
The table below shows the prevalence of workers who sought help and/or advice at
follow up by type of professionals contacted. Prevalence was low for all types of
professionals however the most commonly demanded was primary health help.
Table 13: Seeks professional help at follow up
Source of help Yes No No, but planning to

OHSS help 3 (1,3%) 228 (97,9%) 2 (0,9%)
Primary health help 6 (2,6%) 225 (96,6%) 2 (0,9%)
Other professionals 4 (1,7%) 227 (97,8%) 1 (0,4%)
16
Workers opinion on workplace policy
The table below show items related with policies at workplace by asking workers’
about awareness and opinion of alcohol policy of their company as well as the
existence of means to support employees with alcohol problems before and after the
intervention.
Statistically significant differences were found after the intervention concerning alcohol policy
and the employees opinion about it. There was an improvement in awareness of the company
alcohol policy as well as workers’ opinions about it.
Table 14: Awareness and opinion regarding policies by time
Pre Post p
Does your employer have an alcohol policy? Yes 311 (70.2%) 215 (89.6%) 0.000
No 9 (2%) 1 (0.4%)
Not sure 123 (27,8%) 24 (10%)
Do you think having an alcohol policy is a Yes 371 (94,4%) 230 (98,7%) 0.008
good thing?*
No 22 (5,6%) 3 (1,3%)
Does your employer provide a support Yes 259 (58,6%) 194 (80,5%) 0.000
service, or acces to a support service, for
No 20 (4,5%) 1 (0,4%)
employees with alcohol problems?
Not sure 163 (36,9%) 46 (19,1%)
Satisfaction intervention
The table below shows percentages of participation in actions included in the intervention. The
most frequent way of participating in the pilot was participating attending an event (82.8%,
N=106). The second most usual way of personal consultation (62.2%, N=79).
Table 15: Exposure to the intervention by type of activity
ITEMS YES NO NO SURE

Information 57 (44.8%) 67 (52.76%) 3 (2.36%)
Attended any event 106 (82.8%) 21 (16.4%) 1 (0.8%)
Trainning sessions 36 (29%) 82 (66.1%) 6 (4.84%)
Self Audit tool 2 (1.61%) 122 (98.4%) 0 (0%)
Personal Consultation 79 (62.2%) 34 (26.7%) 14 (11%)
17
The table below shows workers’ opinions on the usefulness of the programme for themselves
and their workplace. More that half of the workers mentioned that intervention had been
somewhat for themselves (58%, N=71) and for their workplace (59%, N=72).
Table 16: intervention usefulness
Very Somewhat Not at all

Personal usefulness (23) 19% (71) 58% (28)23%
Workplace usefulness (29) 24% (72)59% (21)17%
The figure below shows workers satisfaction regarding the intervention. 50% (N=95) of the
workers stated being somewhat satisfied with the intervention programmed, and 19% (N=36)
of them very satisfied.
Figure 7. Level of satisfaction with the intervention
5. Conclusions
The results of the Baseline Survey in England showed that employees already had a high level
of awareness of the impact of alcohol on health conditions. Although the perception of
drinking alcohol during lunch break was negative, alcohol was accepted in the rest of the
situations tested. More than half of the workforce reported having a risky consumption. Poor
performance at work due to alcohol consumption was lower than 5%.
The Follow-up Survey showed some improvements. Awareness of the impact of alcohol on
cancer and depression improved significantly. The knowledge about the risks of alcohol
consumption increased, about 70% reported having learnt. Attitudes showed clear
improvements. No changes were seen after the interventions regarding the risky consumption
although 99% of workers claimed they were drinking less than before. This could be explained
by the need to see results in the long run as attitudes don´t change immediately. At a
18
organisational level there were not many changes recorded after the intervention. The fact
that the majority of issues covered in the questionnaires were already applied at baseline
could be an explanation.
6. Limitations
The present study had several limitations. Two companies dropped out during the
intervention, therefore at follow up the sample is smaller than at baseline losing statistical
power. In addition there was a lack of small companies.
7. Appendices
19
European Workplace and Alcohol Questionnaire
Your organisation is participating in the European Workplace and Alcohol (EWA) project. This
questionnaire is an important part of the project’s activities. It contains a series of questions
designed to provide information on awareness and attitudes about alcohol and about levels
of consumption within different workplaces in Europe.
This questionnaire will also provide (Name of partner organisation delivering pilot) with a
baseline for the evaluation of ( "include here the name of the project delivered by the
company if available" and for) the series of alcohol-related activities which will be taking
place in your workplace. We may ask you to complete a similar questionnaire, at a later
date, in order to compare results and assess any possible improvements.
It is important to emphasise that it is NOT the purpose of this questionnaire to provide a
profile of specific individuals or to use it to assess an individual employee’s alcohol intake
or their health. Indeed, we stress the importance of ANONYMITY and it will not be
possible to link completed questionnaires with specific individuals.
For the reliability and usefulness of the data generated, it is obviously very important that
all those completing the questionnaire do so as accurately and honestly as they can.
If you have any queries or concerns about this questionnaire, or about the alcohol-related
issues that it touches on, you can call (appropriate contact number) and we will be very
pleased to talk with you, preserving confidentiality.
We appreciate your time and effort in completing this questionnaire.
A Awareness
The following questions ask about the health impacts of drinking alcohol.
Would you agree or disagree that the consumption of alcoholic beverages can increase the risk
of the following health conditions? (please tick box)
HEALTH CONDITIONS totally tend to neither agree tend to totally don’t

agree agree nor disagree disagree disagree know
A1 Liver diseases
A2 Heart diseases
A3 Cancers
A4 Asthma
A5 Depression
A6 Birth defects
A7 Injuries from accidents

(work, traffic, etc)
1
B Attitudes
The following questions will help us to build up a picture of attitudes to alcohol. To what
extent would you agree or disagree with the following statements? (please tick box)
THE STATEMENTS strongl tend to neither tend to strongly I don’t

y agree agree agree nor disagree disagree drink
disagree alcohol
B1 It’s ok for me to have an

alcoholic drink during my
lunch break from work
B2 I think that alcohol should

be available at social
events for staff, that are
organised by my
workplace, when the
event is outside of normal
working hours

be available at corporate
events for
organised by my
workplace, when the event
is during normal working
hours
B4 Generally, I am likely to
drink more alcoholic
drinks, than I would
normally, when they are
provided free or at a
special discounted rate
C Consumption
For all the following questions, please tick the box for the answer that is correct for you.
C1 How often do you have a drink containing alcohol?
Never Go to Section D
2
Monthly or less
2 - 4 times a month
2 - 3 times a week
4 or more times a week
C2 How many standard drinks containing alcohol do you have on a typical day when you
are drinking?
1 or 2
3 or 4
5 or 6
7 to 9
10 or more
C3 How often do you have six or more drinks on one occasion?
Never
Less than monthly
Monthly
Weekly
Daily or almost daily
C4 In the last 4 weeks, have you arrived in work with a hangover?
No Yes If yes, please specify how many times. ___________
C5 In the last 4 weeks, have you been late for work as a result of drinking alcohol?
3
C6 In the last 4 weeks have you been off work as a result of drinking alcohol?
D Alcohol and Your Workplace

D1 Does your employer have an alcohol policy?
Yes No Not sure
D1a If you answered “yes” to QD1, do you think having an alcohol policy is a good thing?
If you answered “no” or “not sure”, do you think it would be a good idea?
Yes No
D2 Does your employer provide a support service, or access to a support service, for
Yes No Not sure
The next 3 questions refer to the effect that drinking by your co-workers may have had on
you.
D3 Because of your co-worker(s) drinking, how many times in the past 12 months . . . .
QUESTIONS please specify the

number of times (if
none write 0)
D3.1 Have you had to cover for them?
D3.2 Have you had to work extra hours?
D3.3 Were you involved in an accident or a close call at work?
4
E Personal Information
E1 Which of the following categories best describes the type of your current job?
Manual worker
Managerial
Other white collar job
None of the above: Please specify the type of your job

________________________
E2 Which gender are you?
Female Male
E3 Which of these age categories applies to you?
16-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
65 or older
E4 Finally, to what extent would you say that you are satisfied or dissatisfied with your life
as a whole?
Very Dissatisfied Slightly Neither Slightly Satisfied Very

dissatisfied dissatisfied satisfied nor satisfied satisfied
dissatisfied
Thank you for completing this questionnaire
4

European Workplace and

Alcohol Follow Up

Questionnaire

www.ewaproject.eu
ewa@gencat.cat


Over the past X months (name of organisation) has been participating in the European
Workplace and Alcohol (EWA) project ("include here, too, the name of the project delivered
by the company if available"). Managers and staff within your workplace have been
engaged to raise awareness and spread knowledge about alcohol, the harm that it can cause
and how to respond to alcohol‐related issues in the workplace. This questionnaire is an
important part of the project’s activities. You or your colleagues might have completed a
similar questionnaire some time ago: this is to allow us to compare results and assess any
possible improvements after the activities have been carried out.

For the reliability and usefulness of the data generated, it is obviously very important that
all those completing the questionnaire do so as accurately and honestly as they can,
choosing just one answer to each question.

It is important to emphasise that it is NOT the purpose of this questionnaire to provide a
profile of specific individuals or to use it to assess an individual employee’s alcohol intake
or their health. Indeed, we stress the importance of ANONYMITY and it will not be
possible to link completed questionnaires with specific individuals. Statistical information
about each company will remain confidential.

If you have any queries or concerns about this questionnaire, or about the alcohol‐related
issues that it touches on, you can call (appropriate contact number) and we will be very
pleased to talk with you, preserving confidentiality.

We appreciate your time and effort in completing this questionnaire.

2

1. Did you fill in a baseline questionnaire x months ago, before the (name of the
programme) activities started at your workplace?

Yes No Not sure
Exposure to prevention programme
The following questions ask about your involvement in alcohol‐related topics in your workplace
during the previous X months

2. Over the past x months:
Yes No Not sure

2a) have you attended a (name of event) event or
presentation
2b) have you received any alcohol‐related information i.e.
leaflets or promotional materials? (specify examples
that have been disseminated)
2c) have you attended a training session about alcohol
and the workplace?
2d) have you had a personal consultation with an advisor
(or other appropriate title) about alcohol and
reducing alcohol‐related harm?
2e) Have you completed a self‐audit alcohol tool?

Thinking about your involvement with the activities carried out at your workplace (name of the
programme if available?),
3. to what extent:
Very Somewhat Not at all

3a) do you think that they were helpful/useful for you
3b) do you think that they were helpful/useful for your

workplace
3c) are you satisfied with the activities
3
Impact of the prevention programme
As a result of your participation in the activities carried out in your workplace
4. Has your knowledge about alcohol improved?
Yes, it improved my Yes, it improved my No, it did not change

knowledge a lot knowledge a little the level of my knowledge
5. Have you changed how much or how often you drink alcohol?
No, I am actually drinking No, I am drinking the Yes, I am drinking a Yes, I am drinking a

more than before same as before little less than before lot less than before
6. Have you sought help and/or advice:
Yes No No, but planning

to do
6a) from your nurse or doctor at an Occupational
Health and Safety Service?
6b) from your nurse or doctor at a Primary Health
Care Centre (GP)?
6c) from other professionals (social services, drug
specialist, etc)

Describe type of professional approached:

___________________________
4
A Awareness

The following questions ask about the health impacts of drinking alcohol.
Would you agree or disagree that the consumption of alcoholic beverages can increase the risk
of the following health conditions? (please tick box)
HEALTH CONDITIONS totally tend to neither agree tend to totally don’t

agree agree nor disagree disagree disagree know

A1 Liver diseases
A2 Heart diseases
A3 Cancers
A4 Asthma
A5 Depression
A6 Birth defects
A7 Injuries from accidents
(work, traffic, etc)

B Attitudes

The following questions will help us to build up a picture of attitudes to alcohol. To what
extent would you agree or disagree with the following statements? (please tick box)

THE STATEMENTS strongl tend to neither tend to strongly I don’t
y agree agree agree nor disagree disagree drink
disagree alcohol

B1 It’s ok for me to have an
alcoholic drink during my
lunch break from work
be available at social
events for staff, that are
organised by my
workplace, when the
event is outside of normal
working hours
5
be available at corporate
events for
organised by my
workplace, when the event
is during normal working
hours
B4 Generally, I am likely to
drink more alcoholic
drinks, than I would
normally, when they are
provided free or at a
special discounted rate

C Consumption
For all the following questions, please tick the box for the answer that is correct for you.
C1 How often do you have a drink containing alcohol?
Never Go to Section D
Monthly or less
2 ‐ 4 times a month
2 ‐ 3 times a week
4 or more times a week
C2 How many standard drinks containing alcohol do you have on a typical day when you
are drinking?
1 or 2
3 or 4
5 or 6
7 to 9
10 or more
C3 How often do you have six or more drinks on one occasion?
6
Never
Less than monthly
Monthly
Weekly
Daily or almost daily

C4 In the last 4 weeks, have you arrived in work with a hangover?
C5 In the last 4 weeks, have you been late for work as a result of drinking alcohol?

C6 In the last 4 weeks have you been off work as a result of drinking alcohol?


D Alcohol and Your Workplace

D1 Does your employer have an alcohol policy?
Yes Yes No Not sure

D1a If you answered “yes” to QD1, do you think having an alcohol policy is a good thing?
If you answered “no” or “not sure”, do you think it would be a good idea?
Yes No

D2 Does your employer provide a support service, or access to a support service, for
Yes No Not sure
7
The next 3 questions refer to the effect that drinking by your co‐workers may have had on
you.
D3 Because of your co‐worker(s) drinking, how many times in the past 12 months . . .
QUESTIONS please specify the
number of times (if
none write 0)
D3.1 Have you had to cover for them?
D3.2 Have you had to work extra hours?
D3.3 Were you involved in an accident or a close call at work?

E Personal Information
E1 Which of the following categories best describes the type of your current job?
Manual worker
Managerial
Other white collar job
None of the above: Please specify the type of your job
________________________
E2 Which gender are you?
Female Male
E3 Which of these age categories applies to you?
16‐24
25‐34
35‐44
45‐54
55‐64
65 or older
8

E4 Finally, to what extent would you say that you are satisfied or dissatisfied with your life
as a whole?

Very Dissatisfied Slightly Neither Slightly Satisfied Very
dissatisfied dissatisfied satisfied nor satisfied satisfied
dissatisfied

Thank you for completing this questionnaire

9
Organisational Baseline Audit Tool for EWA Pilots

This tool sets out key information that partners should collate for each organisation that is
participating in the pilot phase of the EWA project. Information will need to be gathered
from appropriate managers or owners, prior to the EWA intervention, about a range of
alcohol‐related topics.
The information sought will be, mostly, descriptive but some “yes/no” data will help to
assimilate, easily, some simple quantitative data.
The organisational baseline audit tool is in three parts:
(1) a template for compiling information about the workplace;
(2) a simple questionnaire to generate basic quantitative data;
(3) a list of key interview topics to guide the collation of more detailed information.
The questionnaire (item 2) should be administered before the interview. Potentially, this
could be completed ahead of the interview (e.g. by email). Answers can be used to inform
the more in‐depth interviews.
As far as possible, examples of policies, training programmes etc. should also be compiled.

Organisational Baseline Audit: General Information about the Organisation

Name of organisation : City:

Type of company (Please mark one response in sections a, b, c and d):

a) Ownership
public private voluntary

b) Sector (ISIC Rev 4. codes) Professional, scientific and technical
activities
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Administrative and support service activities
Mining and quarrying
Public administration and defence;
Manufacturing
compulsory social security
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning
Education
supply
Human health and social work activities
Water supply; sewerage, waste management
and remediation activities Arts, entertainment and recreation
Construction Other service activities
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor Activities of households as employers;
vehicles and motorcycles undifferentiated goods‐ and services‐producing
activities of households for own use
Transportation and storage
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and
Accommodation and food service activities
bodies
Information and communication

Financial and insurance activities
Real estate activities

c) Company size
Very small enterprise (under 10 staff members)
Small enterprise (10 to 50 staff members)
Medium‐size enterprise (50 to 500 staff members)
Large enterprise (501 and more staff members)
How many are employed: 2110

d) Location
Company is situated at one location (national or local)
Company with a headquarters and one or more other branches/locations (national)
Multinational company

e) If only part of the organisation is participating in the EWA project, please provide relevant
information (eg incorporating name and description of the participating department/section of
organisation, number and type of employees participating etc)

Details of the contact person in the organisation

Name and last name: Job
E‐mail address: Management
Telephone: Health professional
Prevention work place risk responsible
Human Resources
Other (please specify):

Organisational Baseline Audit Tool: Questionnaire
Please circle response that applies
Q1 Does your organisation have a written alcohol policy? Yes No
Q2 Does your organisation have a specific policy for the use of
alcohol at corporate events? Yes No
alcohol at staff events? Yes No
Q4 Does your organisation currently provide alcohol‐related
training and information to managers? Yes No
training and information to the rest of the workforce? Yes No
Q6 Does your organisation have a process for referring employees
to support if they have an alcohol problem? Yes No
Q7 Does your organisation record absenteeism Yes No

Q7a: If yes, does it specifically record alcohol‐related
absenteeism? Yes No
Q8 Does your organisation record workplace accidents? Yes No

workplace accidents? Yes No
Q9 Does your organisation record other incidents such as
“near misses” and “first aid cases”? Yes No
Q9a: If yes, does it specifically record those that are
related to alcohol? Yes No

Organisational Baseline Tool: Interview Guidelines

T1 What does your organisation’s alcohol policy cover?
T2 What is the policy for the use of alcohol at corporate events?
T3 What is the policy for the use of alcohol at staff events?
T4 What alcohol‐related training and information do you provide to managers?
T5 What alcohol‐related training and information do you provide for the rest of your
workforce?
T6 Does your organisation have an effective policy for referring employees to support if
they have an alcohol problem?

T7 Does the organisation track absenteeism? If so, does it identify alcohol‐related
absenteeism?
T8, T9 Does the organisation record workplace accidents as well as other safety reportable
incidents (such as, near misses, first aid cases)? If so, does it identify alcohol‐related
incidents?

T10 How would you rate the impact of the project EWA in your company?
T11 How would you rate your overall satisfaction with the participation of your company in
the EWA project?

T12 In view of your own experience, would you recommend the introduction of an alcohol
intervention of any kind in the workplace (policy, programme, awareness raising
campaign,…), to a colleague from another company?

Organisational Follow‐Up Audit Tool for EWA Pilots

This tool sets out key information that partners should collate for each organisation that has
participated in the pilot phase of the EWA project. Information will need to be gathered
from appropriate managers or owners, following the EWA intervention, about a range of
alcohol‐related topics.
The information sought will be, mostly, descriptive but some “yes/no” data will help to
assimilate, easily, some simple quantitative data.
The organisational follow‐up audit tool is in three parts:
(1) a template for identifying the workplace;
(2) a simple questionnaire to generate basic quantitative data;
(3) a list of key interview topics to guide the collation of more detailed information.
The questionnaire (item 2) should be administered before the interview. Potentially, this
could be completed ahead of the interview (e.g. by email). Answers can be used to inform
the more in‐depth interviews.
As far as possible, examples of policies, training programmes etc. should also be compiled.
Where appropriate, changes resulting from the EWA intervention should be highlighted.

Organisational Follow‐Up Audit: General Information about the Organisation

Name of organisation : City:

Type of company (Please mark one response in sections a, b, c and d):

a) Ownership
public private voluntary

b) Sector (ISIC Rev 4. codes) Professional, scientific and technical
activities
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Administrative and support service activities
Mining and quarrying
Public administration and defence;
Manufacturing
compulsory social security
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning
Education
supply
Human health and social work activities
Water supply; sewerage, waste management
and remediation activities Arts, entertainment and recreation
Construction Other service activities
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor Activities of households as employers;
vehicles and motorcycles undifferentiated goods‐ and services‐producing
activities of households for own use
Transportation and storage
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and
Accommodation and food service activities
bodies
Information and communication

Financial and insurance activities
Real estate activities

c) Company size
Very small enterprise (under 10 staff members)
Small enterprise (10 to 50 staff members)
Medium‐size enterprise (50 to 500 staff members)
Large enterprise (501 and more staff members)
How many are employed: 2110

d) Location
Company is situated at one location (national or local)
Company with a headquarters and one or more other branches/locations (national)
Multinational company

e) If only part of the organisation is participating in the EWA project, please provide relevant
information (eg incorporating name and description of the participating department/section of
organisation, number and type of employees participating etc)

Details of the contact person in the organisation

Name and last name: Job
E‐mail address: Management
Telephone: Health professional
Prevention work place risk responsible
Human Resources
Other (please specify):

Organisational Follow‐Up Audit Tool: Questionnaire
You filled in a similar questionnaire some time ago. Now, we would like to identify any changes with
regards to alcohol prevention in your company, as a result of your participation in the EWA project
Please circle response that applies
Q1 Does your organisation have a written alcohol policy? Yes No
alcohol at corporate events? Yes No
alcohol at staff events? Yes No
training and information to managers? Yes No
training and information to the rest of the workforce? Yes No
Q6 Does your organisation have a process for referring employees
to support if they have an alcohol problem? Yes No
Q7 Does your organisation record absenteeism Yes No

absenteeism? Yes No
Q8 Does your organisation record workplace accidents? Yes No

workplace accidents? Yes No
Q9 Does your organisation record other incidents such as
“near misses” and “first aid cases”? Yes No
Q9a: If yes, does it specifically record those that are
related to alcohol? Yes No
Q10 How would you rate the impact of the project EWA in your company?
High Moderate Low

Q11 How would you rate your overall satisfaction with the participation of your company in
the EWA project? (Assign a value from 0 to 10) ________________
Q12 In view of your own experience, would you recommend the introduction of an alcohol
intervention (awareness raising campaign, policy, programme,…), to a colleague from another
company?
Yes No

Comments

Organisational Follow‐Up Audit Tool: Interview Guidelines

T1 What does your organisation’s alcohol policy cover?
T2 What is the policy for the use of alcohol at corporate events?
T3 What is the policy for the use of alcohol at staff events?
T4 What alcohol‐related training and information do you provide to managers?
T5 What alcohol‐related training and information do you provide for the rest of your
workforce?
T6 Does your organisation have an effective policy for referring employees to support if
they have an alcohol problem?

T7 Does the organisation track absenteeism? If so, does it identify alcohol‐related
absenteeism?
T8, T9 Does the organisation record workplace accidents as well as other safety reportable
incidents (such as, near misses, first aid cases)? If so, does it identify alcohol‐related
incidents?

T10 How would you rate the impact of the project EWA in your company?
T11 How would you rate your overall satisfaction with the participation of your company in
the EWA project?

T12 In view of your own experience, would you recommend the introduction of an alcohol
intervention of any kind in the workplace (policy, programme, awareness raising
campaign,…), to a colleague from another company?

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reduction in drink driving, education, communication, training and public awareness,

Table 1: Legislative context for alcohol in England

2. Delivering the Pilot Intervention

The general work plan and organization

Table 2: Companies and intervention characteristics

Companies Sectors Ownership Size Method Level

Barbners Professional, Scientific and Private Medium External Intermediate

Project leader: James Dunningham, Operations Director

2.4 Development of the program

An organisational baseline audit conducted to establish the current policies and

Table3: Development of the program

Companies Pre-existing Ownership Size Method Level Intervention

Side Fire & Rescue Public Large External Intermediate

John West food LTD Private Medium External Intermediate

Marriott Hotel Liverpool Private Medium External Intermediate

2.5 Target group

The questionnaire / online questionnaire was given out to the workforce.

In addition two advisors were on hand to do alcohol brief interventions in a communal

Table 4: Response tax by company

Companies Numbers of Baseline Follow-up Follow-up exposed

Liverpool Mutual Homes 168 82 216 106 (50%)

Campaign packs include, amongst other items:

3. Evaluating the Pilot intervention

Table 5: Calendar for the development of the different pilots interventions

Companies Date start Baseline Intervention Follow-up Audit

Barbners Chaffe 21/11/2012 Baseline was follow-up was Jan 2013

street conducted in conducted in

Marriott Hotel 21/11/2012 Baseline was follow-up was Jan 2013

Table 6: Distribution of sample achieved questionnaires by time

+Planed Number of Target employees No. Baseline No. Follow-up Total

5 3 (60%) 577 445 244 689

3.2 Demographic characteristics:

Figure 1 and 2. Age and sex of participants by time

Figure 3. Distribution job of participants by time

3.4 Quality data and database analysis

Table 7: Distribution of participants to follow-up exposed to action

Companies Numbers of Baseline Follow-up Follow-up exposed to

John West food 75 34 5 4 (80%)

4.2 Impact at organizational level

Table 8: Organisation characteristics in terms of alcohol policies by time

YES 5 (100%) 5(100%)

If yes, does it specifically record alcohol-related absenteeism? YES 0 (0%) 0 (0%)

If yes, does it specifically record alcohol-related workplace YES 4 (80%) 4 (80%)

Recommend the introduction of an alcohol intervention (policy, programme, awareness

4.3 Impact at workplace level

Table 9: Impact of alcohol awareness by time

Agree Neither Disagree Don’t know p

Post 228 (94.21%) 10 (4.13%) 3 (1.24%) 1 (0.4%)

Post 195 (80.58%) 38 (15.7%) 3 (1.24%) 6 (2.48%)

Knowledge about alcohol improved

The figure below shows self-reported impact of intervention on level of knowledge of

Figure 4. Self-reported impact of intervention on knowledge by type and level of intervention

Following the intervention some changes in participants’ attitudes towards alcohol

Agree Neither agree Disagree Don’t p

Figure below shows self-reported change in alcohol consumption after the

Figure 5. Impact of changed in alcohol consumption post intervention

Figure 6. Comparative of risky alcohol consumption according to sex by time

MEN RISK ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION WOMEN RISK ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION

Table 11: impact of alcohol on behaviour at workplace by time

Table 12: Impact of co-workers alcohol consumption by time

Were you involved in an accident or a No 415 (93,3%) 226 (92,6%) 0.754

Table 13: Seeks professional help at follow up