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This document discusses lenses and their properties. It describes two main types of lenses: convex and concave lenses. Convex lenses converge light rays and have a short focal point, while concave lenses diverge light rays and have a virtual focal point. The document also discusses how lenses are used to correct vision defects like near-sightedness and far-sightedness.
This document discusses lenses and their properties. It describes two main types of lenses: convex and concave lenses. Convex lenses converge light rays and have a short focal point, while concave lenses diverge light rays and have a virtual focal point. The document also discusses how lenses are used to correct vision defects like near-sightedness and far-sightedness.
This document discusses lenses and their properties. It describes two main types of lenses: convex and concave lenses. Convex lenses converge light rays and have a short focal point, while concave lenses diverge light rays and have a virtual focal point. The document also discusses how lenses are used to correct vision defects like near-sightedness and far-sightedness.
The Lens: A transparent medium that refracts the light and is defined with two spherical surfaces and is usually made of glass or plastic。
The Types of Lenses:
1- Convex Lens (Converging= Collect) 2- Concave Lens (Diverging= Disperse) Convex Lens Concave Lens Thick at its center Thin at its center Less thick at its tips More thick at its tips Its Function is to: Its Function is to: Converge the light rays Diverge the light rays falling on it. falling on it. Special Concepts of the Lenses: The Center of Curvature of Lens Face (C) It is the center of the sphere where this face is a part of it。 The Optical Center of the Lens(P): It is a point inside the lens lies on the principal axis in the mid distance between its faces。 The Radius of Curvature of the Face of the Lens: It is half the radius of the sphere where the face is a part of it。 The Principal axis of the Face of the Lens: It is the line between the centers of curvatures of the lens passing by the optical center of the lens。 First: The Convex Lens The Focus of the Convex Lens: A point at which the refracted rays are collected if the light rays from any distance source Fall on the lens.
The Rules of to determine the direction of the
light rays after passing through the Lens: 1 The incident light ray Passes through the lens passing through the without refraction. optical center of the lens 2 The incident light ray Exits from the lens parallel to the passing through the principal axis focus 3 The Incident light ray Exits from the lens Passing through the parallel to the principal Focus Second: The Concave Lens The Focus of the Concave Lens: A virtual point at which the divergent rays come out of it, if parallel rays fall on the concave lens. The Image Formed by the Concave Lens: Always Virtual & smaller & erect
The Use of Lenses to treat the Vision Defects:
Short Sighted Long Sighted A person only sees the A person only sees the near (Close)objects far objects clearly。 clearly。 The far objects seem The near (Close) distorted。 objects seem distorted。 The images of the far The images of the near objects fall in front of (Close)objects fall retina。 behind of retina。
Elongation in the Shortness of the radius
Eye-ball. of the Eye-ball.
The surface of the The surface of the
Lens is more convex。 Lens is less convex Focal Length of the eye Focal Length of the eye lens is small。 lens is large. The far objects are not The close(near) objects seen clearly are not seen clearly. A short –Sighted person A long –Sighted person needs a medical eye needs a medical eye glasses with concave glasses with Convex Lenses. Lenses.
Give a reason for: Answer:
1-A short sighted person Because the images of Do not see the far these objects do not fall objects clearly. on the retina of the eye , but in front of it. 2-The retina of the eye is Due to elongation in the far from the eye lens in eye ball. case of the Short- sighted.
3-The focal length of the Because the surface of
eye lens is small in case the eye lens is more of the Short- sighted. convex.
4- The retina of the eye is As a result in the
close to the eye lens in shortness of the eye ball case of the Long- radius. sighted. 5- The long-sightedness To collect the rays ,so the is treated by using images of the close Convex Lens. (near) objects are formed on the retina.