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This chapter explains the procedures for troubleshooting link bundles and load balancing on the
Cisco ASR 9000 Aggregation Services Router.
A link bundle is a group of ports that are bundled together and act as a single link. The advantages of
link bundles are:
• Multiple links can span several LCs to form a single interface; thus, the failure of a single link does
not cause a loss of connectivity.
• Bundled interfaces increase bandwidth availability, because traffic is forwarded over all available
members of the bundle. Therefore, traffic can move onto another link if one of the links within a
bundle fails. This allows you to add or remove bandwidth without interrupting packet flow.
This chapter contains the following sections:
• Troubleshooting Routing and CEF Issues Related to Bundles and Load Balancing, page 5-115
• Troubleshooting Problems with Link Bundles, page 5-118
• Troubleshooting Layer 2 Bundles and Load Balancing, page 5-122
• Troubleshooting Layer 3 Bundles and Load Balancing, page 5-124
SUMMARY STEPS
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Bundles and Load Balancing
Troubleshooting Routing and CEF Issues Related to Bundles and Load Balancing
2. configure
3. router ospf process
4. maximum paths number
5. end
6. show route destination-address
7. show ospf process interface brief
8. show running-config router ospf process
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# configure
Step 3 router ospf process Enters configuration mode for the OSPF process.
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# router ospf 200
Step 4 maximum paths number Configures the maximum number of paths over which to
load balance. By default, OSPF balances up to 4 equal-cost
paths.
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# maximum paths 3
Step 5 end Ends the configuration process. Enter yes at the prompt to
commit the changes.
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# end
Step 6 show route destination-address Displays the routes to a destination address.
Verify that number of routes in the routing table equals the
Example: number of parallel links. If you have fewer routes than
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show route 10.1.2.1 expected, continue with this procedure.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Bundles and Load Balancing
Troubleshooting Routing and CEF Issues Related to Bundles and Load Balancing
SUMMARY STEPS
1. show cef ipv4 [prefix [mask]] | interface-type interface-path-id] [detail] [location node-id]
2. show cef [ipv4 | ipv6] exact-route source-address destination address [protocol type]
[source-port source-port] [destination-port destination-port] [ingress-interface type
interface-path-id] [policy-class value] [detail | location node-id]
3. show interfaces [type interface-path-id | all | local | location node-id] [accounting | brief | detail |
summary]
DETAILED STEPS
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Bundles and Load Balancing
Troubleshooting Problems with Link Bundles
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show cef exact-route
192.168.254.1 10.1.2.1 protocol ospf
source-port 5500 destination-port 80
ingress-interface gi0/6/5/4
Step 3 show interfaces [type interface-path-id | all | Displays the traffic rates by interface. Use this command to
local | location node-id] [accounting | brief | verify that the simulated traffic takes the expected egress
detail | summary]
interface.
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show interfaces
accounting rates
Step 2 If running Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP), ensure that LACP packets are able to send and
receive accordingly. If LACP packets are not able to send and receive accordingly, check interface
counters to identify at what stage packets are dropped.
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show lacp counters
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Bundles and Load Balancing
Troubleshooting Problems with Link Bundles
Step 4 Ensure that the other side of the link is up (bundle and members).
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show bundle
c. If the bundle members have different characteristics, make them all the same.
d. Ensure that LACP packets are transmitted and received.
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# debug bundlemgr local packets port node-id
Workaround
If the bundle with LACP cannot come up, use one side of the bundle in passive mode and the other in
active mode. At least one side must be active.
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Troubleshooting Problems with Link Bundles
Step 2 Verify that the lag table is programmed properly in the hardware.
Subinterface
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Troubleshooting Problems with Link Bundles
Step 10 Ensure that the MAC address in the ARP table of the other side corresponds to that on the router.
Step 11 Ensure that the MAC address of the bundle is valid.
Step 12 Ensure that the routing and hardware routing table has an entry to the next hop.
Step 13 Check the interface counters to see if ping packets are transmitted and being received on the router
member port of the bundle.
Step 14 Check the ucode counters to see where packets are dropped on the incoming or outgoing member of the
bundle.
Step 15 Make sure that the table lookup (TLU) entries are allocated and bundle adjacency information is properly
programmed.
show cef adajacency bundle-type bundle-number hardware egress detail location location-id
show cef adajacency bundle-type bundle-number hardware ingress remote detail location
location-id
Workaround
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Bundles and Load Balancing
Troubleshooting Layer 2 Bundles and Load Balancing
VPWS
Bundle Statistics
Layer 2 statistics are not supported in the show interface accounting command for bundle interfaces in
the current release.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. show running-config
2. show bundle {Bundle-Ether | Bundle-POS} interface-path-id
3. show interface {Bundle-Ether | Bundle-POS} bundle-id
4. show arm router-id
5. show controllers bundle {Bundle-Ether | Bundle-POS} bundle-id location node-id
6. show route destination-address
7. show cef ipv4 prefix
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Troubleshooting Layer 2 Bundles and Load Balancing
DETAILED STEPS
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show interface
bundle-ether 12
Step 4 show arm router-id —
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show arm router-id
Step 5 show controllers bundle {Bundle-Ether | —
Bundle-POS} bundle-id location node-id
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show controllers bundle
bundle-ether 12 location 0/4/CPU0
Step 6 show route destination-address Displays the routes to a destination address. Use a
destination address on another host that is reachable
through the bundle.
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show route 10.1.2.1 Verify that the route to the desalination address includes the
bundle interface. If not, make sure that the bundle interface
is included in the IGP process configuration.
Step 7 show cef ipv4 prefix Displays the CEF forwarding table. Verify that it contains
the same bundle interface that the routing table has for this
subnet prefix.
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show cef ipv4 10.1.2.1
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Bundles and Load Balancing
Troubleshooting Layer 3 Bundles and Load Balancing
SUMMARY STEPS
DETAILED STEPS
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# bundle-hash
bundle-ether 12
Step 2 show interfaces [type interface-path-id | all | Displays interface information, which includes the traffic
local | location node-id] [accounting | brief | rates. Use this command for each link in the bundle to verify
detail | summary]
that the simulated traffic takes the expected link. Use clear
counters to make it easier to view the traffic allocation.
Example:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:router# show interfaces tenGigE
0/5/0/1
Step 7 View each member of the bundle to see which member is actually carrying the traffic out.
Step 8 Display the exact route, including the egress interface for a specific source and destination IP. Use this
command for several flows to verify that they are distributed equally over the parallel interfaces.
show cef [ipv4 | ipv6] exact-route source-address destination address [protocol type]
[source-port source-port] [destination-port destination-port] [ingress-interface type
interface-path-id] [policy-class value] [detail | location node-id]
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