UNIT 2

IN THIS UNIT YOU WILL LEARN HOW TO TELL AND ASK THE TIME. YOU WILL
ALSO LEARN HOW TO TALK ABOUT WHAT YOU DO EVERYDAY, AND WHAT
TO SAY WHEN LEAVING SOMEBODY’S HOUSE.

I. Dialogue A

Expressing Intention

Dina : Kamu sudah - Have you eaten yet,

makan, Rahman? Rahman?
Rahman : Belum. - No, I haven’t.
Dina : Mengapa kamu - Why haven’t you eaten?

belum makan? -
Rahman : Saya belum lapar. - I’m not hungry.
Dina : Jam berapa kamu - What time would you
mau makan? like to eat?

Rahman : Jam satu. - One o’clock.

Dina : Kamu mau pergi - Will you go to the office?
ke kantor?
Rahman : Tidak. - No, I won’t.

II. Essential Words and expressions

makan [ma-kan] = to eat

minum [mee-noom] = to drink
mandi [man-dee] = to have a bath
lapar [la-par] = hungry
capai [cha-pay] = tired
pergi [per-gee] = to go
mau [ma-oo] = to want; would like
sudah [soo-dah] = already
belum [be-loom] = not yet
tidak [tee-da?] = no, not

Time

jam [jam] = clock; time; hour

berapa? [be-ra-pa] = how much?; how many?
jam berapa? = what time?
 mengapa?/kenapa? = why
[me-nga-pa] / [ke-na-pa]
kantor [kan-tor] = office
ke [ke] = to/toward a place
mereka [me-ré-ka] = they; them; their
kamu [ka-moo] = you; your

Numbers

nol [nol] = 0
satu [sa-too] = 1
dua [doo-wa] = 2
tiga [tee-ga] = 3
empat [em-pat] = 4
lima [lee-ma] = 5

III. Exercises

1. Substitute the underlined word with those given below.

Saya mau pergi ke kantor.
I want to go to the office.

(Anda, mereka, karyawan itu, manajer itu, teman saya, suami saya)

2. Contoh: Saya/makan
Saya sudah makan.
I have eaten.

a. saya/minum d. saya/capai
b. pembantu saya/pergi e. mereka/lapar
c. Anda/mandi f. suami saya/pergi ke kantor

3. Choose “Sudah” (Yes, already), or “Belum” (No, not yet) to answer the
questions.

Contoh 1: X: Kamu sudah lapar?

Are you hungry now?
Y: Belum …………[no]
No, I’m not.

Contoh 2: X: Dia sudah pergi?

Has he gone?
Y: Sudah …………..[yes]
Yes, he has.
 a. X: Anda sudah minum? c. X: Dia sudah makan?
Y: ………..[yes] Y: …………[no]
b. X: Mereka sudah capai? d. X: Mereka sudah lapar?
Y: ……….[no] Y: …………[yes]

4. Contoh: Anda/mandi
Mengapa Anda belum mandi?
Why haven’t you had a bath yet?

a. Anda/makan c. Anda/minum
b. dia/pergi d. dia/mandi

5. Choose “Belum” or “Tidak” to answer the questions.

Contoh 1: X: Anda sudah minum?
Have you had a drink?
Y: Belum.
No, I haven’t.
Contoh 2: X: Mereka capai?
Are they tired?
Y: Tidak.
No, they aren’t.

a. X: Anda sudah makan? c. X: Dia sudah minum?

Y: ……….. Y: …………
b. X: Anda lapar? d. X: Dia capai?
Y: ………. Y: …………

6. Choose “tidak” or “bukan” to make the sentences negative.

Contoh 1: Contoh 2:

Saya mau makan. Dia orang Inggris.

Saya tidak mau makan. Dia bukan orang Inggris.
I don’t want to eat. He /She is not British

a. Mereka ahli ekonomi. e. Anda pembantu.

b. Saya mau mandi. f. Istri saya pergi.
c. Dia capai. g. Mereka mau makan.
d.Dia istri saya. h. Anak saya lapar.

7. Contoh: Anda/pergi
Jam berapa Anda mau pergi?
What time do you want to go? / will be going?
a. dia/mandi c. mereka/minum
 b. Anda/makan d.teman Anda/pergi

8. Contoh: saya/pergi /2.00

Saya mau pergi jam dua.
I want to go at two o’clock.

a. dia/makan/1.00 c. saya/mandi/5.00
b. saya/minum/4.00 d. mereka/pergi/3.00

IV. Dialogue B

Telling the Time, Expressing Thanks, and Taking Leave

Sardi : Nani, jam berapa - Nani, what time is it

sekarang? now?
Nani : Jam sepuluh. - It’s ten o’clock.
Sardi : Sudah malam, Dewi. - It’s late, Dewi.
Kita harus pulang. We must go home.
Dewi : Ya. - Yes.
Dewi & : Maaf, Nani. Kami - Please excuse us, Nani.
Sardi harus pergi sekarang. We have to go now.
Nani : Anda betul-betul - Must you really go
harus pergi sekarang? now?
Dewi & : Ya. Terima kasih, - Yes, we do. Thank you,
Sardi Nani. Nani.
Nani : Kembali. - You’re welcome.
Dewi & : Selamat malam. - Good night.
Sardi
Nani : Selamat malam. - Good night.

V. Essential Words and Expressions

kita = we (including the listener)

kami = we (excluding the listener)
pulang [poo-lang] = to go home
kembali = to return; to come back
harus [ha-roos] = to have to; must
sekarang [se-ka-rang] = now
sudah malam = it’s already evening
betul-betul [be-tool-be-tool] = really
maaf [ma-af] = sorry; excuse me
Numbers
 enam = 6
tujuh [too-jooh] = 7
delapan [de-la-pan] = 8
sembilan [sem-bee-lan] = 9
sepuluh [se-poo-looh] = 10
sebelas [se-be-las] = 11
dua belas [doo-wa] [be-las] = 12

VI. Exercises

1. Contoh: kita/pulang
Kita harus pulang.
We have to go home.

a. kami/pergi c. mereka/kembali ke kantor

b. anak Anda/makan d. saya/mandi

2. Contoh: saya/makan/12.00
Saya harus makan jam dua belas.
I have to eat at twelve.

a. Anda/minum/9:00 d. kita/pergi ke kantor/8:00

b. kami/pulang/11:00 e. saya/kembali ke kantor/10:00
c. dia/mandi/6:00 f. sekretaris saya/pergi/2:00

3. Contoh: lapar
Saya betul-betul lapar
I am really hungry.
a. capai c. harus pulang sekarang
b. mau pergi ke kantor itu d. harus pergi sekarang

4. Choose “tidak”, “belum”, or “bukan” to answer these questions.

Contoh 1: X: Anda harus pulang?

Do you have to go home?
Y: Tidak.
No, I don’t.
Contoh 2: X: Mereka manajer?
Are they managers?
Y: Bukan.
No, they aren’t.
Contoh 3: X: Dia sudah lapar?
Is he hungry now?
Y: Belum.
 No, he isn’t.

a. Kita harus pergi sekarang f. Kamu mau kembali ke kantor?

b. Anda mau makan? g. Manajer itu sudah pulang?

c. Anda sudah capai? h. Anda karyawan?
d. Dia sudah mandi? i. Anda mau minum?
e. Mereka ahli keuangan? j. Orang itu istri Anda?

5. Translate these sentences into Indonesian:

a. I want to eat. d. We are hungry now.

b. He has to go back to the office. e. They are tired now.
c. She wants to drink now. f. I want to have a bath.

VII. Dialogue C

Describing Habits

Bambang : Wita, jam berapa - Wita, what time do you

biasanya Anda usually wake up?
bangun?
Wita : Jam setengah enam. - At half past five.
Bambang : Jam berapa Anda - What time do you arrive
sampai di kantor? at the office?
Wita : Jam tujuh. Anda - Seven o’clock. Do you
sampai di kantor jam arrive at (come to) the office
tujuh juga? at seven o’clock, too?
Bambang : Tidak. Biasanya jam - No, I don’t. Usually at
delapan kurang ten to eight.
sepuluh.
Wita : Jam berapa Anda - What time do you go
pulang? home?
Bambang: Tidak tentu. Kadang- - It varies. Sometimes at
kadang jam lima atau five or at six.
jam enam.

VIII. Essential Words and Expressions

Activities
 sampai [sam-pay] = to arrive
datang = to come; to arrive
bangun [ba-ngoon] = to wake up; to get up
tidur [tee-door] = to sleep; to go to bed
makan pagi = breakfast; to have breakfast
makan siang = lunch; to have lunch.
makan malam = dinner; to have dinner
biasanya [bee-ya-sa-nya] = usually
kadang-kadang = sometimes
tentu = certain; sure; definite
tidak tentu = not certain
atau [a-to] = or
juga [joo-ga] = also; too
setengah [se-te-ngah] = half
lewat [lé-wat] = past; to go past a place
kurang [koo-rang] = less
di = at; in; on

Places

rumah [roo-mah] = house

bank = bank
sekolah [se-ko-lah] = school

IX. Exercises

1. Contoh: saya/ke kantor

Saya pergi ke kantor.
I go/went to the office.

a. dia/ke bank d. sekretaris itu/ke kantor

b. murid itu/ke sekolah e. manajer itu/ke bank
c. Anda/ke rumah f. pembantu itu/ke rumah

2. Contoh: pergi ke kantor/7 a.m.

X: Jam berapa biasanya Anda pergi ke kantor?
What time do you usually go to the office?
Y: Jam tujuh pagi.
At 7 a.m.
a. bangun/5:30 a.m. d. pulang / 5 p.m.
b. makan pagi/6 a.m. e. tidur/11 p.m.
c. datang ke kantor/7:30 a.m. f. makan siang/12 p.m.
 3. Contoh: makan siang/12 a.m.
Kadang-kadang saya makan siang jam dua belas siang.
Sometimes I have lunch at twelve.

a. bangun/5:30 a.m. d. makan pagi/7 a.m.

b. makan malam/8 p.m. e. pulang /6:30 p.m.
c. tidur/11:30 p.m. f. pergi ke kantor/7:30 a.m.

4. Translate these sentences into Indonesian.

a. Sometimes I go to school at 7 a.m. d. Usually I go to the bank at 9 a.m.

b. Sometimes I wake up at 6:30 a.m. e. Usually I have lunch at 12:05 p.m.
c. Usually I go to bed at 10:10 p.m. f. Sometimes I go to the office at
8:30 a.m.

5. Match the sentences on the left with the responses on the right.
a. Selamat sore, Bill. 1. Jam setengah tujuh.
b. Apa kabar? 2. Belum.
c. Anda dari mana? 3. Orang Perancis.
d. Jam berapa Anda biasanya 4. Selamat sore, Tati.
pergi ke kantor?
e. Istri Anda orang apa? 5. Baik saja. Terima kasih.
f. Teman Anda sudah datang 6. Dia karyawan saya.
g. Siapa orang itu? 7. Mengapa?
h. Saya harus pulang sekarang. 8. Dari Australia.

X. Listening Practice
Look at Narrative, then say whether these statements are True or False.

1. Yanto dan Marni di kantor.

2. Arifin dari Yogyakarta.
3. Yanto dan Marni bukan karyawan.
4. Marni ahli ekonomi.
5. Arifin insinyur.
6. Yanto dan Marni datang ke rumah Arifin jam tujuh pagi.
7. Yanto dan Marni sudah makan di rumah mereka.
8. Yanto dan Marni pulang jam setengah sepuluh.

XI. Survival Check

1. How would you ask someone the time?

2. How would you let someone know it’s late in the evening, and you have
to go?
 3. How would you tell someone that Tono has already gone home?
4. What would you say when you are hungry and want to eat?
5. How would you tell your maid that you would like to get up at half past
five tomorrow morning?
6. How would you ask somebody what time he usually goes home?

XII. Narrative

Look at Listening Practice

Pergi ke Rumah Teman

Yanto dan Marni pergi ke rumah Arifin. Mereka karyawan Perusahaan1

“Maju”. Yanto dari Yogyakarta, dan dia ahli ekonomi. Marni sekretaris, dan dia dari
Yogyakarta juga. Arifin bukan orang Jawa, tetapi2 orang Sumatera. Dia insinyur.
Yanto dan Marni belum makan malam. Mereka makan datang ke rumah Arifin jam
tujuh malam. Mereka makan dan minum di rumah Arifin. Jam setengah sepuluh
Yanto dan Marni sudah capai. Mereka lalu3 pulang.

XIII. Cultural Notes

1). When talking to someone, or when referring to them, we should use the appropriate
title in front of their name, and not just the name, so Pak Hasyim or Bu Dewi. This
means that a title will be found even where Mr or Mrs is not usual in English. A
Western male is likely to be addressed with the title Om (from Dutch oom “uncle”), so
Om John (using his first name, not his family name). If he is addressed as Pak John, this
means that he is becoming integrated into the Indonesian social world.
Similarly, there are quasi-kinship titles for younger people as well, namely Mas “elder
brother” or alternatively Kang, Mbak “elder sister”, and Dik “younger brother or
sister”. These can be followed by the person’s name. In general, terms of address are
much more frequent in Indonesian than in English, and to use just someone’s name,
without a title, would suggest a high degree of intimacy, a big age-gap or superior-
inferior relationship.
Too say “Ladies and Gentlemen”, as when beginning a speech, we say Bapak-bapak
dan Ibu-ibu – note the doubling for the plural, and the order, men first! In a formal
letter, we could use as pronouns Bapak or Ibu, both with a capital letter, to mean “you”.
___________________
1. perusahaan=company
2. tetapi=but
3. lalu=then
2a).Generally an Indonesian does not have a family name corresponding to our
surname. He usually has a personal name, and if further identification is necessary, his
name indicates he is the son of so and so. However, there are exceptions to this pattern.
For example:
i). among the Bataks (a groups living on the island of Sumatra) families have clan
names, passed on from generation to generation, e.g. Amir Hamzah Nasution (Nasution
is the clan name).
ii). A Javanese may have several personal names – one or two given at birth.

b).Married women sometimes take their husband’s name (e.g. Nyonya Burhan), but not
in all cases.

XIV. Grammatical Notes

1. In Indonesian, bukan and tidak are used to negate. The word bukan is used
to negate nouns while tidak is used to negate verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.

Saya bukan orang Indonesia. - (I am not Indonesian.)

Dia bukan guru. - (He/she is not a teacher.)
Anda tidak lapar. - (You are not hungry.)
Kami tidak mau pergi. - (We don’t want to go.)

Note that nggak [eng-ga?] is very often used instead of tidak and bukan
in daily conversation.

2. The word belum is also used to form a negative sentence, but it is usually
used as a negative response to questions containing sudah. It also conveys
ideas of actions that are yet to be done, or that could possibly happen.

X: Dia sudah pulang? (Has he/she gone home?)

Y: Belum. (No, he/she hasn’t.)
A: Anda sudah pergi ke Amerika?
(Have you been to the States?)
B: Belum. (No, I haven’t.)

3. The word sudah, which in English means already, is commonly use with
adjectives for emphasis.

Saya sudah lapar. (I am hungry now.)

Dia sudah capai. (He/she is tired now.)

4. To indicate an activity that will take place in the future, the word akan can be
used. However, in colloquial style it is sometimes omitted.
Anda (akan) pergi ke kantor?
(Will you go to the office?)
It is not uncommon to use mau to indicate a future activity.

Saya mau pergi jam dua.

 (I want to/will be going at two.)

5. In Indonesian, verb-forms do not change to show differences in time.

Biasanya dia pulang jam empat.

(He usually goes home at four.)
Dia sudah pulang.
(He has gone home.)

6. The word biasanya and kadang-kadang can be placed at the beginning, in

the middle, or at the end of a sentence.

Biasanya saya bangun jam enam.

(Usually I wake up at six.)
Saya biasanya bangun jam enam.
Saya bangun jam enam biasanya.

7. The word jam and berapa are used together in combination to ask about the
time.
Jam berapa sekarang?
(What’s the time now?)
Anda mau makan jam berapa?
(What time do you want to eat?)

Not that phrase can also go in the final position.

Do not confuse this phrase with berapa jam?

Berapa jam Anda naik mobil dari Jakarta ke Bandung?

(How many hours does it take you to go by car from Jakarta to Bandung?)

8. The word kamu is used when addressing a relative, a close friend, or a child.

Tati, kamu suka minum kopi?

(Tati, do you like to drink coffee?)

Tono, kamu mau makan sekarang?

(Tono, do you want to eat now?)