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Pulley
Wheel and Axle
Lever
Simple Machines
1 pulley
W=Fd 4 pulleys
W=Fd
More
distance so More
less force distance so
less force
Much
easier than Very little
lifting force need
The 6 Simple Machines
Pulley
Wheel and Axle
Lever
Inclined Plane
Inclined Plane
The Egyptians used simple machines to build the
pyramids. One method was to build a very long
incline out of dirt that rose upward to the top of
the pyramid. Then blocks of stone were placed on
large logs (another type of simple machine - the
wheel and axle) and pushed slowly up the long
inclined plane to the top of the pyramid.
Inclined Planes
Inclined plane - a
simple machine that
is a sloping surface.
W=Fd
Makes work easier
by increasing the
distance
The lower the slope
of a ramp the less
force needed to lift
the object.
Screw
•It is used to raise and lower weights and hold objects together.
•The spiraling inclined plane that sticks out from the body of the
screw forms the threads of the screw.
• Common examples
of first-class levers
include crowbars,
scissors, pliers, tin
snips and seesaws.
Second Class Lever
Examples of
second-class
levers include
nut crackers,
wheel barrows,
doors, and
bottle openers.
Third Class Lever
Examples of
third-class levers
include tweezers,
arm hammers,
and shovels.
Wheel & Axle
measures the
ratio of how much
the machine
changes the force.
If distance
increases the
force decreases. W=Fd
Efficiency
Work input is the amount of work done on a
machine.
• Input force x Input distance
Work output is the amount of work done by a
machine.
• Output force x Output distance
The main
disadvantage is it
travels a very long
distance.
Rube Goldberg Machines
Rube Goldberg machines are
examples of complex
machines.
All complex machines are
made up of combinations of
simple machines.
Rube Goldberg machines are
usually a complicated
combination of simple
machines.
By studying the components
of Rube Goldberg machines,
we learn more about simple
machines
Safety Device for Walking on Icy Pavements