7th BALKANMINE CONGRESS – Proceedings, Prijedor 2017

DOI: 10.7251/BMC170701375Z

SYSTEMATIZATION OF INJURIES AT WORK IN "EFT RUDNIK I

TERMOELEKTRANA STANARI"

Nemanja ZDJELAR1, Ljubica FIGUN2, Novica CVIJETIĆ3, Jelena TRIVAN2

1
Elektrometal, Traffic and construction, Cazin, BiH, nemanja.elektrometal@gmail.com
2
University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Mining Prijedor, BiH, ljubica.figun@rf.unibl.org;
jelena.trivan@rf.unibl.org
3
EFT - Rudnik i Termoelektrana Stanarid.o.o. Stanari, BiH, novica.cvijetic@eft.stanari.net

ABSTRACT

Successful exploitation of mineral raw materials in addition to modern technological processes

depends on quality technical protection. Injuries at work and professional diseases bring with them big
expenses, both for the family injured and for the employer and society as a whole. The aim of this job
was to get for a period of work "EFT-Rudnik i Termoelektrana Stanari" from 2010. to 2016. collect
data on injuries, perform their categorization, statistical processing and analysis by all categories, on
the basis of which measures will be proposed for more efficient reduction of the number of these
injuries by applying appropriate measures of protection in technology, technique and organization of
work.

Key words: injuries at work, types of injuries, injury analysis, protection measures.

1. INTRODUCTION

Work in mining is always related to certain dangers, which can be eliminated or reduced to
the minimum possible measures by implementing technical protection measures. The aim of
technical protection is to ensure safe working conditions for the technological process as a
whole, with adequate utilization of facilities and equipment.
In practice, the causes of injuries are often identified with sources of injuries. The source of
the injury is a condition, and its cause is a appearance that in the present situation causes an
injury action. For our mining practice, where injuries appear under the influence of natural
and technological factors, as well as the behavior of the worker himself, the causes of their
appear can be divided into:
 natural, which depends on montangeological conditions,
 technical - technological, which depends on the applied technical and technology,
 subjective, which depends on the man [1].
Our and worldwide research confirms that over 80% of the causes of injuries, makes a human
factor. In our mining practice, as the subjective cause of injury is lack of attention
(carelessness) [2].

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Work discipline must be rigorously set up, not only for productivity, but also for work safety,
which requires a higher educated and professional level of employees, and therefore also
understanding and attitude towards security and technical protection.
On the "Stanari" mine, is open pit excavation of coal and it is carried out with two systems of
exploitation:
− continuous excavating system (CES) with the application of the excavator bucket
wheel C-700, traveling belt conveyor, the appropriate number of conveyor belts, and
stacker for waste dump to inside and outside dump,
− discontinuous system with the use of hydraulic shovel excavator of different bucket
volumes and dumpers trucks of various load capacity for the transport of spoil and
coal [3].
Technological processes of extraction, overburden conveyance and waste damp, excavation
coal and transport to primary crusher, crushing and transport of coal by a conveyor belts to
depot of a thermal power plant are carried out under unfavorable working conditions such as:
− work in the open, where the adverse impact of atmospheric factors: precipitation,
wind, temperature changes and the etc,
 diverse and robust mechanization,
 dusts,
 the presence of noise, vibration and the etc.
All this points to the fact shows that work on the open pit are carried in potentially hazardous
environments. All of the above conditions and specificity at the same time can be regarded as
a source of injury, which at one time can result in injury to the lighter, heavier or death
consequences [4].

2. ANALYSIS OF INJURIES AT WORK

The narrow field of research in this paper is the Mine of lignite and Thermal Power Plant
Stanari. Data from monthly and annual reports on injuries "EFT Rudnik i Termoelektrana
Stanari" were used as data source, which were statistically processed and analyzed [5].
An overview of work injuries for the period from 2010 to 2016 is shown in the tables and
diagrams 1-10. For easier processing all injuries are grouped in the following categories: work
place (table and diagram 1), type of source (table and diagram 2), type of causes (table and
diagram 3), parts of the body (table and diagram 4), qualifications (table and diagram 5),
shifts (table and diagram 6), time intervals (table and diagram 7), working days (table and
diagram 8), work experience (table and diagram 9), relation to easy, hard and deadly injuries
(table and diagram 10). In order to better understand the injuries in certain categories, it was
used in addition to tabular and graphical display of the number of injuries.

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Diagram 1. Overview of injuries to the workplace of the worker

Diagram 2. Overview of injuries by type of source

Diagram 3. Overview of injuries by type of cause

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Diagram 4. Overview of injuries by parts of the body

Diagram 5. Overview of injuries according to the qualification structure of the employess

Diagram 6. Overview of employees' shifts

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Diagram 7. Injury overview according to the time interval of the employess

Diagram 8. Injury overview on weekdays

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Diagram 9. Overview of injuries according to the work experience

Diagram 10. Overview of injuries by weight

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Analyzing the injuries for the period from 2010 to 2016, it is obvious that the greatest number
of injuries is results from the careless and insecure way of maintenance work (50% of
injuries), under which we consider maintenance of complete machinery and all devices
necessary for exploitation, maintenance of infrastructure, and more. The reason for this large
number of injuries is most often careless, lack of adequate work space and other.
All repairs to the CES and discontinuous equipment are carried out in their own direction, as
well as designing, fabricating and assembling new three transporters with a rubber band over
2.5 km in length. This scope of work certainly affected the stated number of injuries.
Observed by type of source, also the highest number of injuries is the mechanical sources of
injuries (48.5% of injuries).
Parts of the bodies that are most often exposed to injuries are extremities, in this case most
hands were injured (41.2% of injuries). We can associate this fact with a large number of
injuries to maintenance and carelessness of workers, because these jobs are mostly handled.
Legs are most often hurt because of various skating.
Most often, they are hurting skilled workers (61.76% of injuries), because this category of
workers performs more difficult jobs with a higher risk of injury, they are direct executors of
the work and the most numerous are the qualification structure of the workers.
The highest number of injuries happened in the first shift (70.6% of injuries), as most
employees are mostly employed and most important, and most of the activities take place in
that shift.
Comparing the time intervals, it is evident that the highest number of injuries happened
between 1 pm and 2 pm (33.8% of the injuries) of the work, that is, at the beginning of the
shift.
Viewed on weekdays, the highest number of injuries happened on Monday (19.8% of
injuries), or at the beginning of the week.
The highest number of injuries is among workers with over 15 years of work experience
(46.3% of injuries). Employees to 5 years of work experience had the most injuries (25.7% of
injuries), which is logical because these workers do not have enough work experience.

In 2016, the production in the "Stanari" mine was 2408000 t, and compared to 2015, when it
was 1213000 t, it is on the rise. In the same period, the number of employees increased from
595 to 699 workers, and the number of injuries increased from 12 to 19 injuries, but 3 serious
injuries were reduced to 1 injury.
Analyzing previous relations, it is evident that the number of injuries is decreasing, and
consequently the general safety of employees is increased, that is, the level of safety and
health of employees is improved, which is the result of systematic and consistent
implementation of prescribed and designed protective measures, and consists of application
preventive and current measures.

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3. CONCLUSION

Exploitation open pit of lignite by its nature is responsible for the potential risks of accidents
and individual injuries of employees.
This mine has shown that the conditions for reducing the number of injuries are reflected
through regular information of employees on all occurrences and dangerous at work and their
consequences, encouraging and stimulating employees, improving working conditions and
organization of work as well as raising the technological and working discipline of
employees.
Based on the obtained results of the survey, a comprehensive examination of the samples is
enabled, sources, manner and consequences of injuries, in order to timely take adequate
measures of protection, that is, safety and health of employees.
Analyzing the overall situation for a given period, it is evident that the number of injuries is
decreasing and thus the overall safety of employees is increased, that is, the level of safety
and health of employees is improved, which is the result of systematic and consistent
implementation of the prescribed and planned protection measures, which consist of
application of preventive and current measures.

REFERENCES

[1] Jovičić V., Miljković M., Nuić J., Uljić H., Vukić M. Safety and technical protection in mining
[2] Ivković M., Miljanović J., Figun Lj., Kovačević Ž. (2013), Systematization of work injuries in the
underground coal mines in Serbia in 2013
[3] The main mining project for the open pit exploitation of coal "Raškovac" Stanari
[4] Zdjelar N.(2017), Work injury analysis in "EFT Rudnik i Termoelektrana Stanari" for the period 2010-2016
[5] Annual Reports of the Occupational Safety and Health Service "EFT Rudnik i Termoelektrana Stanari" for
the period from 2010 to 2016

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