Computer – an electronic/automatic/programmable machine that can

store and delete data, manipulates and process to produce
information according to set of instruction called program.
Computer System – is a step by step process and collaboration of
hardware (peripherals), software components and peopleware.
Core Components of Computer System:
Hardware – physical component or medium.
Software – package of program or instruction that tells computer
what to do.
Peopleware refers to anything that has to do with the role of people
in the development or use of computer software and hardware
systems.
Basic Parts of Computer:
1. System Unit – the core of computer
2. Monitor – other term as vdu (visual display unit) w/c
creates a visual display of output.
3. Mouse – navigational tool to control the cursor.
4. Keyboard – use to input letters and alphanumeric
characters.
5. Power Supply – controls the voltage throughout the
circuitry.
Input – signals or data received by the computer system.
Output – signals or information sent from the computer system.

Input Devices: Types of Port: - uses an infrared light beams to transfer

1. Keyboard 1. PS/2 – Personal System 2 information to the PC .
2. Mouse 2. Serial Port
3. Scanner – provides a softcopy 3. Parallel Port C. Ergonomic Keyboard
4. Mic – receives/record sound 4. USB Port – Universal Serial Bus Port - An ergonomic PC keyboard bears an
5. Joy stick – use to maneuver computer Modem port/RJ-11 Port/Network Port exceptional design that simplifies to place
games 5. Sound Port the hands at a normal position while using
6. Drawing tablet/graphics tablet – similar to 6. Video Port keyboard.
magnetic board that is able to draw 7. Firewire or 1394 Port Types of Ergonomic Keyboard:
graphics and letters. 8. SPDIF Port – Sony/Phillips Digital Interface 1. The Split Keyboard
7. Light pen – use as a control in performing Format 2. The Tented Keyboard
multimedia presentation and electronic 9. S-Video Port
reader 10. RCA Port – Radio Corporation Of America D. Illuminated Keyboards
8. Stylus 11. HDMI Port – High Definition Multimedia - these keyboards have back lights so the
9. Touch pad Interface keys are more viewable even in dim lighted
10. Trackballs circumstances.
11. Barcode Scanners Types of USB Port E. Foldable Keyboard
12. Webcam – use for live conversation
13. Digicam 1. Standard A Types of Printer:
14. Touch Screen 2. Standard B 1. Dot matrix printers
3. Mini A - These printers consist of print head, pins
Output Devices: 4. Mini B and ribbon.
1. Monitor 5. Micro A
2. Speakers – use to provide sound 6. Micro B 2. Characters printer
3. Printers – produce a hardcopy 7. Micro C - it consists of alphabets or characters. Each
4. Projector – provides images through character strikes the ribbon to insert a
light Apple Port: character on the paper.
5. Plotters 3. Ink jet printers
6. Facsimile/Fax machine 1. 30 Pin - It consists of inkjet print cartridges or ink
2. Lightning boxes.
Storage Device: 4. Laser jet printers
1. HDD(hard disk Drive) Types of Monitor - It consists of electrostatic charge, rotating
a. External HDD drum, laser beam and toner.
b. Internal HDD 1. CRT(Cathode Ray Tube)
2. Floppy disk 2. LCD(Liquid crystal display )
3. Zip Disk 3. Plasma 5. Bubble Jet Printers
4. Optical Disc: CD/DVD/BRD 4. SED (Surface-conducted electron-emitted - It uses special heating elements to prepare
5. Flash Drive/Pin Drive/Mobile Disk display) the ink whereas ink-jet printers uses
6. Memory card 5. OLED (organic light-emitting diode piezoelectric crystals.
7. Video Card display)
8. Sound Card Types of Mouse
9. Memory Button Types of Screen 1. Mechanical
10. Cartridge Tapes 1. Glossy screen - This type of personal computer (PC) mouse
11. Reel Tapes 2. Directional screen has a rubber or metal ball on its underside
12. Smart Cards 3. Polarized 3D monitor and it can roll in every direction.
4. Autostereoscopic (3D) screen 2. Optomechanical
Cd – compact disc – saves data in digital 5. Touch screen - This type is the same as the mechanical
format 6. Tablet screens mouse except that it uses optical sensors to
a. 700mb/80minutes the motion of the ball.
b. 900 mb Types of Keyboard: 3. Optical
Dvd– Digital Versatile disc – saves data in -This type uses a laser for detecting the
media format.(4.7 GB and DL - Dual Layer) A. Multimedia Keyboard mouse's movement.
BRD – Blu-ray Disc – a High Definition format - The multimedia PC keyboard has the one a. laser mouse- is a type of computer mouse
hundred and one keys and the keys are that uses a laser beam
Type of Disc: frequently related to shortcuts or hot-keys. b. Cordless or Wireless Mouse
a. Rewritable Cordless or wireless mice transmit data
b. Recordable B. Wireless Keyboards via infrared.
 Computer History Inventors/Inventions Description of Event
Year
1936 Konrad Zuse - Z1 Computer First freely programmable computer.
1942 John Atanasoff & Clifford Berry Who was first in the computing biz is not always as easy as ABC.
ABC Computer
1944 Howard Aiken & Grace Hopper The Harvard Mark 1 computer.
Harvard Mark I Computer
1946 John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly 20,000 vacuum tubes later...
ENIAC 1 Computer
1948 Frederic Williams & Tom Kilburn Baby and the Williams Tube turn on the memories.
Manchester Baby Computer & The Williams
Tube
1947/48 John Bardeen, Walter Brattain &Wiliam No, a transistor is not a computer, but this invention greatly
Shockley affected the history of computers.
The Transistor
1951 John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly First commercial computer & able to pick presidential winners.
UNIVAC Computer
1953 International Business Machines IBM enters into 'The History of Computers'.
IBM 701 EDPM Computer
1954 John Backus & IBM The first successful high level programming language.
FORTRAN Computer Programming Language
1955 Stanford Research Institute, Bank of America, The first bank industry computer - also MICR (magnetic ink
(In Use 1959) and General Electric character recognition) for reading checks.
ERMA and MICR
1958 Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce Otherwise known as 'The Chip'
The Integrated Circuit
1962 Steve Russell & MIT The first computer game invented.
Spacewar Computer Game
1964 Douglas Engelbart Nicknamed the mouse because the tail came out the end.
Computer Mouse & Windows
1969 ARPAnet The original Internet.
1970 Intel 1103 Computer Memory The world's first available dynamic RAM chip.
1971 Faggin, Hoff & Mazor The first microprocessor.
Intel 4004 Computer Microprocessor
1971 Alan Shugart&IBM Nicknamed the "Floppy" for its flexibility.
The "Floppy" Disk
1973 Robert Metcalfe & Xerox Networking.
The Ethernet Computer Networking
1974/75 Scelbi& Mark-8 Altair & IBM 5100 Computers The first consumer computers.
1976/77 Apple I, II & TRS-80 & Commodore Pet More first consumer computers.
Computers
1978 Dan Bricklin& Bob Frankston Any product that pays for itself in two weeks is a surefire winner.
VisiCalc Spreadsheet Software
1979 Seymour Rubenstein & Rob Barnaby Word Processors.
WordStar Software
1981 IBM From an "Acorn" grows a personal computer revolution
The IBM PC - Home Computer
1981 Microsoft From "Quick And Dirty" comes the operating system of the
MS-DOS Computer Operating System century.
1983 Apple Lisa Computer The first home computer with a GUI, graphical user interface.
1984 Apple Macintosh Computer The more affordable home computer with a GUI.
1985 Microsoft Windows Microsoft begins the friendly war with Apple.

ENIAC – Electronics Numerical Integrator and Calculator

UNIVAC – Universal Automatic Computer
IBM – International Business Machine
EDPM – Electronic Data Processing Machine
ERMA – Electronic Recording Method of Accounting
MICR – Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
FORTRAN – Formula Translator
Intel – Integrated Electronics
ARPANet – Advance Research Project Agency Network