2017 Gate Set 1

GATE–2017 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING S ESSION–1 QUESTION AND DETAILED S OLUTION | 1
GATE—2017
Electrical Engineering Questions and Detailed Solution
Session-1
1. The equivalent resistance between the 2. Consider an electron a neutron and a proton
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terminals A and B is _______  . initially at rest and placed along a straight
1 2 1 line such that the neutron is exactly at the
A center of the line joining the electron and
6 proton. At t = 0, the particles are released
but are constrained to move along the same
straight line. Which of these will collide
3 6 1 first?
ST
3
(a) The particles will never collide
(b) All will collide together
B
0.8 (c) Proton and neutron
(d) Electron and neutron
Sol. (3  )
Simplifying the circuit Sol–2 : (d)
A
1 2 e– n p
A
d d
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3 6 3 6 2 Mass of electron = 9.1094 × 10–31 Kg
Mass of proton = 1.6726 × 10–27 Kg
B Electrostatic force will exist between

0.8  electron and proton only. Let say force is
Combining resistances 3  , 6  , and 2  ‘F’ then by relation F = ma, where m is
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as these are parallel mass of particle and a is acceleration.

3  6  2 = 1  Since mass of electron is lesser than proton
Circuit reduces to so acceleration of electron will be more than
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1 1 proton.
A
By equation
1 2
3 6 3  6 s = ut  at
— 2
5
s = distance travelled
B u = inital speed
0.8  0.8 
1 2
6 15 As u = 0 so s = at
Req = 1   0.8 =  2
5 5
To travel distance ‘d’ electron will take
or R eq  3 lesser time so electron will collide with
neutron first.
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2 | GATE–2017 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING S ESSION–1 QUESTION AND DETAILED S OLUTION
3. The slope and level detector circuit in a Sol. (4%)

CRO has a delay of 100 ns. The start-stop V = 220V ± 1%
sweep generator has a response time of 50
ns. In order to display correctly a delay I = 5A ± 1%
line of W = 555W ± 2%
(a) 150 ns has to be inserted into the Since,
y-channel W = VIcos 
(b) 150 ns has to be inserted into the x-
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channel W  V I (cos ) 
So, =   V  I  cos  
W  
(c) 150 ns has to be inserted into both x
and y channels  (p.f.) 
0.02 =   0.01  0.01  p.f 
(d) 100 ns has to be inserted into both x  
and y channels Hence in worst case
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Sol. (a) (p.f.)
In a CRO during the sweep time the beam = 0.02 + 0.01 + 0.01
p.f.
moves left to right across the CRT, during
= 0.04
the retrace time the beam quickly moves
to the left side of the CRT screen as shown or in percent 4% or 4.0%
in figure below. 5. A closed loop system has the characteristic
equation given by s3 + Ks2 + (K + 2)s + 3
A
volts
ts = sweep time = 0. For this system to be stable, which one
tr = retrace time of the following conditions should be
satisfied?
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(a) 0 < K < 0.5

(b) 0.5 < K < 1
(c) 0<K <1
ts tr ts tr t
(d) K > 1
Given data slope and level detector has
delay time (td) = 100 ns Sol. (d)
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response time (tre) = 50 ns By Routh Hurwitz Criteria

so total time taken for one sweep cycle of
x-plate
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s3 1 k2
= (tre + td + ts + tr)
= 150 ns + (ts + tr) s2 k 3
In order to display correctly signal to y-
channel has to be applied after a delay of k(k  2)  3
s1
150 ns. k
4. The following measurements are obtained s0 3
on a single phase load V = 220 V ± 1%. I
= 50A ± 1% and W = 555 W ± 2%. If the For stability
power factor is calculated using these k >0 …(i)
measurements the worst case error in the
calculated power factor in percent is k(k  2)  3
0 …(ii)
_____(Give answer up to one decimal place) k

(k  1)(k  3)
 0 3  3 
k     ( 1   )     
2  2 
 Either k > 1; k > –3
1 1 
or k < 1; k < –3 …(iii)  0  ( 1   )  0
2 2 
From equation (i) and (iii)
k > 1 hence option (d) is the correct answer. 2
 1
( 1  )  3       0
 2  4
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3 1 
2 0 
2 (1   )  2  3  2  0
 
6. The matrix A   0 1 0  has three
1 3  or (1   )(   1)(   2)  0
 0 
2 2  Hence eigen values of A are –1, 1 and 2.
Now, let X be an eigen vector of A
distinct eigenvalues and one of its
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associated to  , then
1  AX =  X
 
eigenvectors is 0  . Which one of the
1 
3 1
2 0
following can be another eigenvector of A? 2  1  1 
 
A
0      
1 0 0  0 
 
0  1  So,   1  1 
    1 0
3
(a) 0 (b)  0   2 2 
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 1  0 
1  1  On solving it;   2
   
(c) 0 (c)  1
 1  1  x 
 
Sol. (c) Thus for   1 by taking X  y 
 z 
S
3 1
2 0
2 [A  1I3 ]X  0
 
0 1 0
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  1 1
A=   x z0
1 0
3 2 2
 2 2 
–2y = 0
To find the eigen values of A,
det(A  I3 )  0 i.e., 1 1
x z0
2 2
3 1
 0
2 2 1 1
or x z0
2 2
0 1   0 0
y =0
1 3
0  Hence option (c) satisfies.
2 2

7. A 10-bus power system consists of four (a) p = –0.2, q = –0.1, r = –0.5

generator buses indexed as G1, G2, G3, G4
(b) p = 0.2, q = 0.1, r = 0.5
and six load buses indexed as L1, L2, L3,
L4, L5, L6. The generator-bus G1 is (c) p = –5, q = –10, r = –2
considered as slack bus and the load buses (d) p = 5, q = 10, r = 2
L3 and L4 are voltage controlled buses. The
generator at bus G2 cannot supply the Sol. (b)
required reactive power demand and hence From bus diagram
it is operating at its maximum reactive
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1
power limit. The number of non-linear y12 = y21 =
jq
equations required for solving the load flow
problem using Newton-Raphson method in 1
y13 = y31 =
polar form is _____. jr
Sol. (14) 1
y23 = y32 =
Given data jp
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Total number of buses (N) = 10 Since diagonal elements
Number of PV buses (x1) = 2 (i.e. G3 and Y11 = y11 + y12 + y13
G4)
Number of voltage controlled buses (x2) = 1 1
So,    j12
2 (i.e. L3 and L4) jq jr
Number of slack buses = 1 (i.e. G1)
A
Number of load buses = 5 1 1
  12 …(i)
The total number of equations to be solved q r
= [2N – 2 – (x1 + x2)] Similary for Y22 = –j15
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= [2(10) – 2 – (2 + 2)]
= 20 – 2 – 4 1 1
   j15
= 14 jq jp
The size of the jacobian matrix
= [2N – 2 – (x1 + x2)] × 1 1
or   15 …(ii)
[2N – 2 – (x1 + x2)] q p
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= 14 × 14 For Y33 = –j7

8. A 3-bus power system is shown in the figure
below, where the diagonal elements of Y 1 1
   j7
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bus matrix are : Y11 = –j12 pu, Y22 = –j15 jr jp

pu and Y33 = –j7 pu
1 1
Bus-1 jq Bus-2 or  7 …(iii)
r p
On solving equations (i), (ii) and (iii)

jr jp
1 1 1
5;  10 ;  2
Bus-3 p q r
Hence,
The per unit values of the line reactances p,
q and r shown in the figure are p = 0.2, q = 0.1, r = 0.5

9. For the power semiconductor devices IGBT,

k
MOSFET, Diode and Thyristor, which one So,  1 at   gc

of the following statement is TRUE?
So, gc  k
(a) All the four are majority carrier
devices Now,   G( j)H(j)  90  57.3
(b) All the four are minority carrier at gc  k
devices   90  57.3k
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(c) IGBT and MOSFET are majority PM = 180    30
carrier devices, whereas Diode and
   150
Thyristor are minority carrier devices
 –90° – 57.3k = –150°
(d) MOSFET is majority carrier device,  k = 1.047
whereas IGBT, Diode, Thyristor are Upto two decimal places
minority carrier devices
k = 1.05
ST
Sol. (d)
11. The transfer function of a system is given
MOSFET is the only majority carrier device by
among MOSFET, DIODE, Thyristor and
V0 (s) 1  s
IGBT. In majority carrier devices 
conduction is only because of majority Vi (s) 1  s
carriers whereas in minority carrier devices Let the output of the system be v0(t) =
conduction is due to both majority and Vm sin(t  ) for the input, v i (t) =
A
minority carriers. Vm sin( t) . Then the minimum and
10. Consider the unity feedback control system maximum values of  (in radians) are
shown. The value of K that results in a respectively
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phase margin of the system to be 30° is  
(a)  and
_____. (Give the answer up to two decimal 2 2
places.) 
(b)  and 0
U(s) + Y(s) 2
Ke s
– s 
(c) 0 and
2
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(d)  and 0
Sol. (1.05)
Sol. (d)
For unity feedback system with
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For transfer function

s
Ke V0 (s)
G( j)H(j)  1s
s Vi (s)
=
1s
Phase margin is given by
V0 (j)
P.M. = 180   Vi ( j) = 1
where,  |G(j).H(j)|  gc V0 (j)

1
Vi (j) = –2tan 
and |G(j).H( j)|  gc  1
Here, vi(t) = Vm sin( t)
 j
Since, |e | 1 v0(t) = Vm sin( t  )

So, for  = 0 to  =  1  
sin 100t  d  t 
2  0 2
V1(avg) =
–2tan 1
 varies from –180° to 0°
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer. 2
  sin 100t  d  t  
 
12. For the circuit shown in the figure below,
1 1
assume that diodes D1, D2 and D3 are ideal. =   2     0.5V
2 2
D1
1   
V2 (avg.) =  sin 100t  d  t  
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
2  20
R 
1 
+ v1 –
=    cos   cos 0  
2  2 
+
D2
v2 1
v(t) =  sin (100 t) V D3 R =
= 0.5
– 2
13. The power supplied by the 25V source in
ST
the figure shown below is _____W
I R1
The DC components of voltages v1 and v2,
respectively are + 17 V – +
(a) 0 V and 1 V 25 V +
– 14 A
R2 0.4I
–
(b) –0.5 V and 0.5 V
A
(c) 1 V and 0.5 V Sol. (250)
(d) 1 V and 1V
I R1 a
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Sol. (b)
During positive half cycle + 17 V – +
D1 ON, D2 and D3 will be OFF 25 V +
– 14 A
R2 0.4I
–
During negative half cycle
D2 and D3 ON but D1 OFF
v(t)
Using Kirchoffs current law at node ‘a’
 sin (1t)
S
  0.4  = 14
  = 10A
Power supplied by 25V source;
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v1 
sin 100 t 
P = 25V × 10A
2
P  250 watt
 sin (100t) 14. A three-phase, 50 Hz, star-connected

cylindrical-rotor synchronous machine is
v2 
sin 100 t  running as a motor. The machine is
2
operated from a 6.6 kV grid and draws
current at unity power factor (UPF). The
synchronous reactance of the motor is 30
per phase. The load angle is 30°. The power

deliver to the motor in kW is _____.(Give a ia a

the answer up to one decimal place). +v
an
b ib b
Sol. (838.3 kW) Source Load
+
Given that,
n –vbn n
–
V = 6.6 kV
 = 30° The total instantaneous power flowing from
the source to the load is
P.f = 1 (UPF)
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(a) 2200 W
Synchronoces reactance (Xs) = 30
(b) 2200sin 2 (100 t)W
VEf
P = sin 
Xs (c) 4400 W
For unity P.f. for synchronous motor. (d) 2200sin(100t) cos(100t)W
ST
I V
Sol. (a)
=30°
Instantaneous power;
jIX s
P = i
Ef P = an  ia  bn  i b
From above phasor diagram,
A
= 220 sin(100 t)  10 sin(100 t)
Ef cos  = V
 220cos(100t)  10cos(100t)
V
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2 2
or, Ef = = 2200sin (100t)  2200 cos (100t)
cos 
P = 2200 W
6.6kV 16. For a complex number z,
=
cos30
z2  1
= 7.62 kV lim is
z i z3  2z  i(z2  2)
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7.62  6.6
Hence, P = sin 30 MW (a) –2i (b) –i
30
(c) i (d) 2i
= 0.8383 MW
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Sol. (d)
or, P  838.3 kW
2
z 1
15. A source is supplying a load through a 2- lim
phase, 3-wire transmission system as shown
zi 3
z  2z  i z  2  2

in figure below. The instantaneous voltage
and current in phase-a are v an = 0
This is form, so on differentiating both
220sin(100t)V and ia = 10sin(100t)A , 0
respectively. Similarly for phase-b, the numerator and denominator
instantaneous voltage and current are Vbn
2z
= 220cos(100t)V and ib = 10cos(100t)A lim 2
zi 3z  2  2zi

2i 2i 8 5 
=
3 i   2  2 i  i
2

3  2  2
 2i = 6 × 10–4 × 
15
5 1 

 
I  0.99 (upto two decimal places)
2
17. Let I = c   xy dxdy , where R is the region 18. A 4 pole induction machine is working as
R
an induction generator. The generator
shown in the figure and c = 6 × 10–4. The supply frequency is 60 Hz. The rotor
value of I equals _____. (Give the answer current frequency is 5 Hz. The mechanical
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up to two decimal places). speed of the rotor in RPM is
y
10 (a) 1350 (b) 1650
(c) 1950 (d) 2250
Sol. (c)
For 4 pole, 60 Hz induction machine
ST
R
2 synchronous speed;
120  f
1 5 x Ns =
P
Sol. (0.99)
120  60
=
4
I = c  xy 2dx dy
A
R = 1800 r.p.m.
y fr
s = f
10 s
M
5
=
60
2 For induction generator slip is negative,
So,
Ns  N r 5
= 
S
1 5 x Ns 60
Region R is bounded by y = 0 and y = 2x 1800  N r 5
 =
 5 2x  1800 60
xy 2 dy dx 
IE
I = c
  1 0  5
 1800  Nr =   1800
  2x 60
5  xy 3
c  dx 
=   1

 3 
 0

 Nr = 1800 
5
 1800
  60
 58 
= c  x 4dx  Nr  1950 r.p.m.
 1 3 
19. A 3-phase voltage source inverter is
 8 5 5 8 5 
= c x   c
15 1  15
5 1 

  supplied from a 600 V DC source as shown
in the figure below. For a star connected

resistive load of 20 per phase, the load magnetic field direction. The magnetic field
power for 120° device conduction, in kW, is lines inside the cylinder will
_____ (a) Bend closer to the cylinder axis
(b) Bend farther away from the axis
20
(c) Remain uniform as before
600 V +  20
– 20 
(d) Cease to exist inside the cycliner
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Sol. (a)
Sol. (9 kW)
The magnetic field lines will bend closer to
In 120° device canduction mode and star the cylinder axis to find a minimum
connected load: reluctance path.
At any instant only 2 IGBTs will conduct
21. Consider the system with following input-
so, when IGBT 1 and 6 are conducting in
output relation
0–60° cycle, equivalent ckt can be given as
ST
y[n] = (1 + (–1)n)x[n]
1 3 5 where, x[n] is the input and y[n] is the
+
–
output. The system is
Vs = 600 V 6 2 (a) Invertible and time invariant
4
(b) Invertible and time varying
A
a b (c) Non-invertible and time invariant
R R
O (d) Non-invertible and time varying
R
Sol. (d)
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C
a y[n] = (1 + (–1)n) x[n]
R Vs
A system is said to be invertible if there is
2
Vs = 600 V +
– O a one-to-one correspondence between its
Vs
R
2 input and output signals.
b
2 for n = 1,
 Vs 
S
 2  y[1] = (1 + (–1)1) x[1] = 0

So power, P =   2
for n = 2,
R
y[2] = (1 + (–1)2) x[2] = 0
IE
V2
= s for n = 3,
2R
2
y[3] = (1 + (–1)3) x[3] = 0
(600)
P = Here for odd values of ‘n’ output will always
2  20
be zero so system is non-invertible.
= 9000 watt
To check time invariancy
or, = 9 kW
For delayed input,
20. A solid iron cylinder is placed in a region
y[n1n0] = (1 + (–1)n) x[n–n0] ...(i)
containing a uniform magnetic field such
For delayed response,
that the cylinder axis is parallel to the

1
y[n1n0] = (1  ( 1)n n0 )x[n  n0 ] e
 j2nt
1 e
 j2nt
...(ii) = t   j2n   1
0  j2n
dt
0
For time invariant system output for 1 1
delayed input should be equal to delayed   j2n  1
= j2n  2 2 2 e
j 4 n
response.
1
Hence this system is time varying. Gn =
j2n
22. Consider g(t) =
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1
 t  t , t0 G2 =
j4 
 , where t  R
 t  t , otherwise 1
G2 =  0.0796
4
Here, t represents the largest integer
23. The boolean expression AB  AC  BC
less than or equal to t and t denotes simplifies to
ST
the smallest integer greater than or equal
(a) BC  AC (b) AB  AC  B
to t. The coefficient of the second harmonic
component of the Fourier series (c) AB  AC (d) AB + BC
representing g(t) is _____
Sol. (a)
Sol. (0.0796)
f = AB  AC  BC
A
t  t , t0
g(t) =  Using k-map,
t  t , otherwise B
BC
g(t) A 00 01 11 10
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0 1
1
A 1 1 1 1
C
–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 t f = AC  BC
24. Let z(t) = x(t) * y(t), where " " denotes
S
T=1 convolution. Let c be a positive real-valued

2 constant. Choose the correct expression for
0 =  2
T z(ct)
IE
g(t) = t 0  t 1
(a) c.x(ct)  y(ct)

 jn0 t
g(t) =  Gn e (b) x(ct)  y(ct)
n 
1 T2  jn0 t (c) c.x(t)  y(ct)

g t  e dt
T  T 2
Gn =
(d) c.x(ct)  y(t)
1 1  j2 nt
= 0  t  e dt
1 Sol. (a)
1  j2 nt z(t) = x(t) * y(t)
= 0  t  e dt
1 taking fourier transform
 j2 nt
Gn = 0 t e dt
Z  j = X  j  Y  j …(1)

1  j  ground fault occurs at the terminals is

z(t)  Z   …(2) _____(assume fault impedance to be zero).
c  c 
(Give the answer up to one decimal place).
Also, byusing eq. (1)
Sol. (0.1 pu)
 j   j   j 
Z  = X   Y  Positive sequence reactance X1 = 0.2 pu
 c   c   c 
Negative sequence reactance X2 = 0.2 pu
1  j  1 X  j   Y  j  Zero sequence reactance X0 = 0.1 pu
 Z =    
c  c  c  c   c  Fault current if = 3.75 pu
ER
Multiplying and dividing R.H.S. by c
For single line to ground fault,
1  j  1  j  1  j  
Z = c   X    Y   3E
c  c  c  c  c  c  if = X  X  X  3X
1 2 0 n
z(t) = c  x  ct  * y  ct  Where Xn is the rectance connected between
25. In the converter circuit shown below, the neutral and ground.
Therefore,for E = 1 pu
switches are controlled such that the load
ST
voltage v0(t) is a 400 Hz square wave. 3
if = 0.2  0.2  0.1  3X = 3.75
n
S1 S3 On solving,
Xn  0.1 pu
220 V +
– LOAD
+ v 0(t) – 27. Two passive two-port networks are
S4 S2
A
connected in cascade as shown in figure. A
voltage source is connected at port 1
The RMS value of the fundamental
component of v0(t) in volts is _____ I1 I2 I3
+ Two port + Two port +
M
V1
Sol. (198.069) – network 1 – V 2 network 2 – V3
Part 1 Part 2 Part 3
For single phase full bridge inverter,
Given
n
4V
0 =  ns sin n t V1 = A1V2 + B1I2
n 1, 3, 5...
Volts I1 = C1V2 + D1I2
S
RMS value of fundamental component is V2 = A2V3 + B2I3

given by: I2 = C2V3 + D2I3
4Vs 1 4  220 1 A1, B1, C1, D1, A2, B2, C2 and D2 are the
IE
 = 
 2  2 generalized circuit constants. If the
Thevenin equivalent circuit at port 3
= 198.069 Volts. consists of a voltage source VT and an
26. The positive, negative and zero sequence impedance ZT, connected in series, then
reactances of a wye-connected synchronous
V1 A B  B1 D2
generator are 0.2 pu, 0.2 pu and 0.1 pu (a) VT  , ZT  1 2
respectively. The generator is on open A1 A 2 A1 A 2  B1C2
circuit with a terminal voltage of 1 pu. The
V1 A B  B1 D2
minimum value of the inductive reactance, (b) VT  , ZT  1 2
A1 A 2  B1C2 A1 A 2
in pu, required to be connected between
neutral and ground so that the fault current V1 A B  B1 D2
does not exceed 3.75 pu if a single line to (c) VT  , ZT  1 2
A1 A 2 A1 A 2

V1 A B  B1 D2 as the square of the speed. The flux in the

(d) VT  , ZT  1 2 motor may be taken as being proportional
A1 A 2  B1C2 A1 A 2  B1C2
to the armature current. To reduce the
Sol. (d) speed of the motor by 50%, the resistance
For cascaded network, equivalent ABCD in ohms the should be added in series with
parameters are given by, the armature is _____. (Give the answer
up to two decimal places).
A B  A1 B1   A 2 B2 
  = C 
D1   C2

D2  Sol. ( 10.75 )
 C D
ER
 1
 A1 A2  B1C2 A1 B2  B1 D2  30A
= C A  D C C1B2  D1D2 
 +
 1 2 1 2
Rf = 0.1 
Therefore,
 V1   A B   V3  Ra = 0.4 
  =    –
  C D   3 
ST
1 
Now, open circuit voltage VT = V3 when Back E.m.f. E1 = 220 – 30(0.1 + 0.4)
3  0 . = 205V
So, V1 = AV3 Torque,  = a
= AVT
{where  = flux, a = armature current}
A
V
 VT = 1
A  = 2a ...(i)
V1
as in series motor   Ia
M
 VT = A A  B C
1 2 1 2
Also,   N2 ...(ii)
To calculate Thevenin equivalent
impedance ZT voltage source is short here N is the speed of motor
circuited. So for voltage source of V3 feeding From eq. (i) & (ii)
current (–I3)
2a  N2 or a  N ...(iii)
S
V3
ZT = –I Therefore to reduce speed by 50%, Ia will
3 reduce to 50% i.e., 15A.
0 = AV3 + BI3 Now back emf will change to
IE
B
E2 = 220 – 15(R + 0.1 + 0.4)
 ZT = Where R is the external resistance added
A
in series with armature.
A1 B2  B1D2 Since, E    N
ZT =
A1 A2  B1C2
So, E1  1  N1
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
E2  2  N2
28. A 220 V DC series motor runs drawing a
1
current of 30 A from the supply. Armature 2 =
2
and field circuit resistances are 0.4 and
N1
0.1 , respectively. The load torque varies N2 =
2

Thus, Which one of the following statement is

205 = 1N1 ...(iv) TRUE?
(a) f(x) is NOT differentiable at x = 1 for
220 – 15(R + 0.5) = 2 N2 ...(v)
any values of a and b.
dividing eq. (v) by eq. (iv), (b) f(x) is differentiable at x = 1 for the
220  15(R  0.5) 2N2  1 / 2   N1 / 2  unique value of a and b.
= N = (c) f(x) is differentiable at x = 1 for all
205 1 1 1  N1
values of a and b such that a+b = e.
ER
220  15(R  0.5) 1
= (d) f(x) is differentiable at x = 1 for all
205 4
values of a and b
on solving,
R = 10.75 Sol. (b)
29. The logical gate implemented using the  ex , x 1
circuit shown below where, V1 and V2 are f(x) = 
2
ln x  ax  bx, x  1
ST
inputs (with 0 V as digital 0 and 5 V as
digital 1) and VOUT is the output, is f(x)  f 1
Left hand derivative = lim
5V x 1 x 1
where f(1) = ln (1) + a(1)2 + b (1) = a+b
1 k
so,
VOUT
V1 1 k Left hand derivatives (LHD)
Q1
A
V2 1 k x
Q2 e  a  b 
= lim
x 1
x 1
this limit exists if e = a + b …(1)
M
(a) NOT (b) NOR then
(c) NAND (d) XOR ex
LHD = lim e
Sol. (b) x 1 1
Right hand derivative (RHD)
From the given circuit it can be deduced
that Q1 will be ON when V1 is high, Q2 is f (x)  f(1)
= lim
ON when V2 is high x 1 x 1
S
Truth Table 2
ln x  ax  bx –  a  b 
= lim
x 1 x 1
V1 Q1 V2 Q2 Vout
IE
High ON High ON Low this limit exist if 1 + 2a + b = a+b

or a = –1 …(2)
High ON Low OFF Low
Hence
Low OFF High ON Low
1
Low OFF Low OFF High  2ax  b
RHD = lim x  1  2a  b
This is the truth table of NOR gate. x 1 1
LHD will be equal to RHD if a = –1 and b
30. A function f(x) is defined as f(x) = = e+1
Hence, f(x) is differentiable at x = 1 for
 ex , x  1
 , where x  . unique values of a and b.
2
ln x  ax  bx x  1 31. The switch in the figure below was closed
for a long time. It is opened at t = 0. The

current in the inductor of 2 H for t  0 , is from AC mains at the 1.1 kV side. It

supplies 900 kVA load at 0.8 power factor
6 8 lag from the 6.6 kV winding and 300 kVA
load at 0.6 power factor lag from the 400 V
 winding. The RMS line current in ampere
+ 50 V 8 
– 32 32  2H
drawn by the 1.1 kV winding from the
mains is _____. (Give the answer up to one
decimal place).
(a) 2.5e–4t (b) 5e–4t
ER
(c) 2.5e–0.25t (d) 5e–0.25t Sol. (625.1 A)
Given
Sol. (a)
||| (1.1kV / 6.6kV|400V) Tr.
For t = 0– circuit can be represented as Tertiary a
Primary Secondary a
below
400 0
A 3
n
6 8 C
ST
B
b b
c
50V +
– 8 2H c
Let us assume Va"n" as reference,
400
 Va"n" 0
Inductor can be taken as short circuit at 3
A
steady state.  Load at tertiary  300 kVA, 0.6 Pf
lag
So current in inductor at t = 0– will be  Ia" = 433.01 53.13 A
V AB 1.1  103
  4.763
M
50 8 
i L(0–) =  V a "n " 400 / 3
6   8118   8  8 
 V AB  Va "n " are in phase 
 iL = 2.5 A
 I AB  corresponding to I"a 
On opening of switch at t = 0, iL can be
= 90.91 53.13 A
given by iL (t) = iL(0) e–t/  where  = L/R We know,
R is Requivalent across L I A  I AB  ICA
S
to calculate Requivalent, = 90.91   53.13  90.91 66.86 =

6 3  90.91
×   53.13  30  = 157.46 83.13 A
IE
Now Load at secondary 900kVA, .8 p.F.


32  L=2H lag
32
8
 Re q  8  V AB 1.1 1
 
Va ' b ' 6.6 6
L 2 1
 =   i.e. V a'b'  6.6 0 kV
R 8 4
 Ia' b'  45.45 36.87 A
t

Hence iL(t) = 2.5 e 1/4  
I AB corresponding to Ia ' b ' = 272.73
or iL(t) = 2.5e–4t –36.87
 I A  I AB  I AC
32. A three-phase, three winding  /  / Y (1.1

kV/6.6 kV/400 V) transformer is energized

I A  corresponding Ia ' b '   3  272.73 2

1  i 1  i  dx
36.87  30
= x
c
= 472.38 66.87 A 2
 Total line current from supply. = x 1  1  2i  dx
c
IL  I A (corresponding to | load) +
2
I A (corresponding  load) =  2i x dx
c
= 157.46   83.13  472.38 66.87
1
ER
= 625.01 70.91 2
 RMS line current = 625.01 A

= 2i x
0
dx
1
 x3 
33. Consider the line integral I =   x + iy  dz, 2 2
= 2i  
c  3  0
where z = x + iy. The line c is shown in the 1 0 
figure below = 2i   
3 3 
ST
y
(1, i) 2i
i =
3
C
34. The figure shows the single line diagram
of a power system with a double circuit
(0, 0) 1 x transmission line. The expression for
A
electrical power is 1.5 sin  , where  is the
The value of I is
rotor angle. The system is operating at the
1 2 stable equilibrium point with mechanical
(a) i (b) i
2 3 power equal to 1 pu. If one of the
M
3 4 transmission line circuits is removed, the
(c) i (d) i maximum value of  , as the rotor swings,
4 5
is 1.221 radian. If the expression for
Sol. (b) electrical power with one transmission line
circuit removed is P,max sin  , the value of
 x  Pmax, in pu is _____ (Give the answer up to

2
Given integral I =  iy 2 dz, z = x + iy
three decimal places.)
S
the line C is a straight line passing through

origin and its equation is given by y = x
IE
y
Sol. (1.220pu)
With double circuit transmission line
i (1, i) PeI = 1.5 sin 
with single line
c PeII = Pmax sin 
1.5
PeI = 1.5 sin 
1 x
P max
substituting y = x in given integral we get PeII = P max sin 
A2
 x 
2
I=  ix 2  dx  idx  Pm =1pu
A1
c
Regd. office : F-126, (Upper Basement), Katwaria

 Sarai,
  New Delhi-110016 Phone : 011-41013406
1 2 m
Here, Output of operational amplifier will be

negative hence due to presence of diode
1  1  (reversed biased) in this case output will
1 = sin    41.81
 1.5  be zero
or 0.7297 radian For Vin > 0
 m = 1.221 radian or 69.96° Diode will be forward biased so Vin = V0
For stability Thus transfer characteristics
ER
A1 = A2 V0
2 m
 1  Pmax sin  d =   Pmax sin   1d
1 2
Vin
 2 36. A load is supplied by a 230 V, 50 Hz source.

  2  Pmax  –cos   The active power P and the reactive power
1 1
Q consumed by the load are such that
ST
 
= Pmax   cos      2
m m
1kW  P  2kW and 1kVAR  Q  2kVAR .
2
A capacitor connected across the load for
Pmax  cos m  cos 1  = 1  m power factor correction generates 1 kVAR
substituting values and solving for Pmax reactive power. The worst case power factor
after power factor correction is
Pmax (cos 69.96° – cos 41.81°) = 41.81°–
69.96° (a) 0.447 lag (b) 0.707 lag
A
Pmax  1.220 pu (c) 0.894 lag (d) 1
Sol. (b)
35. The approximate transfer characteristic for
M
the circuit shown below with an ideal For worst case power factor
operational amplifier and diode will be P = 1 kW,
Vss Q = 2kVAR
Vin
+ After addition of capacitor for power factor
– correction Q becomes 2–1 = 1kVAR new
S
–Vss D
V0  1 Q 
P.f = cos  tan 
 P
R
IE
 1 1 
= cos  tan 
 1
V0 V0 = cos 45°
(a) (b) or P.f = 0.707 lag
Vin Vin
37. A separately excited DC generator supplies
V0 V0
150 A to a 145 V DC grid. The generator is
(c) (d) running at 800 RPM. The armature
Vin Vin
resistance of the generator is 0.1 . If the
Sol. (a)
speed of the generator is increased to 1000
For Vin < 0 RPM, the current in amperes supplied by

the generator to the DC grid is _____. (Give

the answer up to one decimal place). t 2
 81  dy
dt
 5ty = sin t …(1)
Sol. (550A)
initial condition y(1) = 2
Ia = 150A
Converting the given equation into
+
Rf
standard form
145V = Vt dy  5t  sin t
Ra = 0.1  y = 2 …(2)
dt  t 2  81  t  81
ER
– this is of the form
N = 800 rpm (speed of generator) dy
 py = Q
dt
Since back emf E = Vt + IaRa ...(i)
5t sin t
where P= ,Q 
and E  N ...(ii) 2
t  81 t 2  81
dt
For separately excited generator  remains we know integrating factor (IF) = e 
ST
constant so E  N ...(iii) 5t
 t2 81 dt
For N = 800 rpm = e
5 2t 
E1 = 145 + 150 × 0.1 = 160 V  2  t 2 81 
= e
Using equation (iii)
5
5
E1  N1
2

ln t  81  2
 eln x  x 
e2
A
=  
or 160  800 ...(iv)
5
For N = 1000 rpm IF = t 2
 81  2
E2  1000 ...(v)
M
On solving equation (iv) and (v)
y(IF) =  Q IF dt  c
5
sin t
E2 = 200 V y(t2–81)5/2 =  t 2
 81  2
dt  c
Thus 200 = 145 + Ia × 0.1  t 
2
81 
3
200  145 sin t t 81 2
 2
5
Ia = y =  
dt  c t 2 81  2
S
0.1 5
t 2
81  2
or Ia  550 A 1 5
 sin t  t   
2
y = 81 dt  c t 2  81 2
IE
38. Consider the differential equation and solving from the options by verifying
dy initial condition we get unique solution
(t 2  81)  5ty  sin(t) with y(1) = 2 .
dt If t = ±9 then solution is not unique hence
range (–10, 10), (–10, 2), (0, 10) can be
There exists a unique solution for this
eliminated, then left option is (–2, 2)
differential equation when t belongs to the
interval 39. The input voltage VDC for the buck-boost
(a) (–2, 2) (b) (–10, 10) converter shown below varies from 32 V to
72 V. Assume that all components are ideal,
(c) (–10, 2) (d) (0, 10) inductor current is continuous and output
voltage is ripple free. The range of duty
Sol. (a)
ratio D of the convector for which the
Given differential equation is

magnitude of the steady-state output the readings of the wattmeters in watts

voltage remains constant at 48 V is will be:
w1
S1 R
400 v, 3-phase source

– w2
VDC +
– L C R V0
+ Y
LOAD
w3
ER
B Y
2 3 2 3
(a) D (b) D
5 5 3 4 S N
N
1 2
(c) 0  D 1 (d) D (a) W1 = 1732 and W2 = W3 = 0
3 3
(b) W1 = 0, W2 = 1732 and W3 = 0
Sol. (a)
ST
(c) W1 = 866, W2 = 0, W3 = 866
For buck-boost converter
(d) W1 = W2 = 0 and W3 = 1732

V0 = Vs Sol. (d)
1
Apparent power = 3464 VA
where  is duty cycle of converter
Real power = 3 × 577.35 W = 1732.05 Watts
Vs = supply voltage
A
V0 = output voltage Real power
P.f. =
For Vs = 32 V and V0 = 48 V Apperent power
M
1732.05
 =
48 =  32 3464
1 
P.f. = 0.5
3 When switch is moved to position Y
  =
5
 Voltage across potential coil of watt-
For Vs = 72 V and V0 = 48 V meter two is zero so W2 = 0
S
 For RYB phase sequence

48 =  72
1  VRY VR
IE
2 IR
 = 30°
5 –VY 
VBY
2 3 30°
   IB
5 5 
VY
VB
40. The load shown in the figure is supplied by
a 400 V(line-to-line), 3-phase source (RYB Voltage across potential coil of watt-
sequence). The load is balanced and meter one is VRY.
inductive, drawing 3464 VA. When the Voltage across potential coil of wattmeter
switch S is in position N, the three two is VBY.
wattmeters W1, W2 and W3 read 577.35 W
each. If the switch is moved to position Y, So W1 = VRY  IR  cos  30   

W2 = VBY  IB cos  30    Sol. (c)
For P.f = 0.5;  = cos–1 (0.5) = 60° Given y-bus [Y]3×3
Thus
  j39.9 j20 j20 
W1 = VRY  IR  cos  30  60   0  
=  j20  j39.9 j20 
W3 = VBY  IB  cos  30  60   1732 W  j20
 j20  j39.9 
41. The bus admittance matrix for a power
Converting the given transmission line
ER
system network is
parameters into Y parameters we get
  j39.9 j20 j20  y13 = – j20
Bus 1 Bus 3
  pu
 j20  j39.9 j20 
 j20 j20  j39.9 
There is a transmission line, connected
ST
between buses 1 and 3, which is y11 = j0.05 y33 = j0.05
represented by the circuit shown in figure
Reactance whenever we remove the transmission line

is 0.05 pu
between Bus 1 and Bus 3 the parameters
Susceptance Susceptance Y11, Y13, Y31, Y33 will get affected
is 0.05 pu is 0.05 pu
A
Y11= –j39.9–y11–y13 = –j39.9 –(j0.05)–(–j20)
= –j39.9 – j0.05 + j20 = –j 19.95
If this transmission line is removed from
service, what is the modified bus Y13 = j20 + y13 = j20 – j20 = 0
Y31 = j20 + y13 = j20 – j20 = 0
M
admittance matrix?
Y33 = –j39.9 – y33 – y31
  j19.9 j20 0  = –j39.9 –j0.05 – (–j20) = – j19.95
   New Y bus matrix [Y]3×3
(a)  j20  j39.9 j20  pu
0 j20  j19.9 
  j19.95 j20 0 
 
=  j20  j39.9 j20 
S
  j39.95 j20 0   0 j20  j19.95

  pu 
(b)  j20  j39.9 j20 
0 j20  j39.9  42. In the system whose signal flow graph is
IE
shown in the figure, U1(s) and U2(s) are

Y(s)
  j19.95 j20 0  inputs. The transfer function U (s) is
  pu 1
(c)  j20  j39.9 j20 
0 j20  j19.95 –R U2
1 –1 1
U1 1/L 1/s k1 1/J 1/s Y
  j19.95 j20 0 
  pu
(d)  j20  j39.9 j20  –k2
 j20 j20  j19.95

k1 12 V
(a) 2
JLs  JRs  k1 k 2
k1
(b) 2
Differential
JLs  JRs  k1 k 2 Amplifier
k1  U2 (R  sL) 1 A
(c) 2 1 mA
JLs  (JR  U 2 L)s  k1 k 2  U 2 R
ER
k1  U 2 (sL  R)
(d) 2
JLs  (JR  U 2 L)s  k1 k 2  U 2 R
R
Sol. (a)
Using mason’s gain formula
–12 V
Pk  k
ST
T.F. =
 Sol. (172.69 k )
1 1 1 1 k Given data VT = 25 mV
P1 =   k1    1 2
L s J s JLs given IB1 = IB2  0A
1 = 1 IC1 = 1mA
IC2 = 1µA (Bias current)
A
 R   k1k2  
 = 1   Ls     Applying the KVL for the given circuit we
  JLs2   get
R k1 k2
M
= 1  +12 V
Ls JLs2
JLs2  JRs  k1k 2

 =
JLs2 DA
IC =1 mA 1µA = IC
2
k1 1
S
JLs2 + +
T.F. = JLs2  JRs  k1k 2 VBE VBE IE
1 2 2
2 – –
JLs
R
IE
k1
T.F. = 2
JLs  JRs  k1k 2
43. The circuit shown in the figure uses –12 V

matched transistors with a thermal voltage
VT = 25 mV. The base currents of the VBE1  VBE2  IE2 R = 0
transistors are negligible. The value of the IE2 R = VBE1  VBE2 …(1)
resistance R in k that is required to
 IB2  0 we get
provide 1A bias current for the
IE2  IC2  1µA …(2)
differential amplifier block shown in _____. substituting eq (2) in eq (1) we get
(Give the answer up to one decimal place).
(1µ)R = VBE1  VBE2 …(3)

 IC  or y(1.5)  0.554
VBE1 = VT ln  1  …(4)
 I
 s 
45. Two parallel connected, three-phase, 50 Hz,
 IC  11 kV, star-connected synchronous
VBE2 = VT ln  2  …(5)
 I  machines A and B are operating as
 s 
substituting equations (4) and (5) in eq. synchronous condensers. They together
(3) we get supply 50 MVAR to a 11 kV grid. Current
 IC1   IC2  supplied by both the machines are equal.
(1µ)R = VT ln  I   VT ln  I
ER
 Synchronous reactances of machine A and
 s   s 
machine B are 1 and 3 , respectively.
 IC 
VT ln  1  Assuming the magnetic circuit to be linear,
 IC  the ratio of excitation current of machine
R =  2 
1  A to that of machine B is _____. (Give the
answer up to two decimal places).
 1m 
25m ln   Sol. (0.74)
ST
=  1 
1  As the machines works at same voltage and
same current so they supply same reactive
R  172.69 k
power.
44. For a system having transfer function G(s) As machines are operating as synchronous
s  1 condenser so they will work as overexcited
= a unit step input is applied at synchronous motor.
A
s 1
time t = 0. The value of the response of the 50 MVA
system at t = 1.5 sec (rounded off to three Total current, IT =
3  11KV
decimal places) is _____
M
Sol. (0.554) = 2.624 kA
s  1 IT
G(s) = IA = IB 
s 1 2
1
For unit step input R(s) = 2.624 kA
s =  1.312kA
S
2
1  s  1 
So output y(s) = R(s). G(s) =  As motor is working as synchronous
s s 1
condenser, current taken by motor will be
IE
1  1  1  1  leading
y(t) = L  L   
 s 1   s s  1  IA
t t
= e t   e dt
0
= e  t   e  t   1
y(t) = 1 – 2 e–t
90°
at t = 1.5 sec Vt
y(1.5) = 1–2e–1.5   
Also, E A = Vt  jIa Xs
= 0.5537

11kV with   t – kT 
=  j 1.31290 kA  1
3 1
Where T=
2000
11 the values of x(t) for k = 0,1,2,.... are
=  1.312  1  7.662kV
3 k = –1,–2, –3,....
x(t) =   t  for k  0
 11kV
Similarly EB =  j 1.31290 kA   3 
ER
3  1 
x(t) =  –1   t –  for k  1
 2000 
11
=  1.312  3  10.286 kV –1  1 
3 x(t) =  –1   t –  for k  –1
 2000 
Drawing the function x(t) for various values
IA EA 7.662
Hence,    0.74 of k we get,
IB EB 10.286
ST
(t)
46. Let the signal

k  k 
x(t)   ( 1)
k 
 t 


2000 
t = –T t=T
k = –1 k=1
be passed through an LTI system with k = –2 k=0 k=2
t = –2T T =0 t = 2T
A
frequency response H() , as given in the T0
figure below
H()
 1   1 
M
1 –  t +  –  t – 
 2000   2000 
The figure shown above passess even half
 wave symmetry with time period
–5000 5000
2 1
The Fourier series representation of the T0 = 2T = 
2000 1000
output is given as
S
(a) 4000  4000cos(2000t)  4000cos(4000t) 2 2

 2000
0 = =  1 
(b) 2000  2000cos(2000t)  2000cos(4000t) T  
 1000 
IE
(c) 4000cos(2000t) In the case of even half wave symmetry bn

= 0 and consists of only odd harmonics of
(d) A 2000cos(2000t)
an.
Sol. (c) The frequency components are 0 ,30 ...
Given function in time domain
i.e. 2000,6000

k  k 
x(t) =   –1    t –  and 2000 is the only frequency available
k –   2000 
in the above range or –5000 to 5000
This function looks like f(t–T) delayed by
time T T /2
2 0
 
 k   an = T  f t cosn0 t dt
here t –  is compared –T /2 0
 2000 

T0 /2  
4
f  t  cosn0 t dt  x1 (t)   1 2  x1 (t)   1  u(t)
= T    2 0  x 2 (t)  2
0 0  x 2 (t) 
T0 /2
4  x (t) 
  t  cos 20  0  dt y(t)  [1 0]  1 
a2 = T
0
 x 2 (t)
0
T0 /2 (s  2)
4 (a) 2
ER
= T    t  dt (s  2s  2)
0 0
(s  2)
4 (b) 2
(s  s  4)
= T 1 = 4000
0
(s  4)
 The output (c) 2
(s  s  4)
y(t) = 4000 cos 0 +4000 cos (3 0 t)+....
ST
(s  4)
= 4000 cos 2000t (d) 2
(s  s  4)
+4000 cos 6000t + ....
Hence, 4000 cos 2000t is in the range of Sol. (d)
–5000 to 5000 . Transfer function T.F = C(sI – A)–1B
47. The output expression for the Karnaugh s  1 2

A
map shown below is sI–A =  2 s 

CD
AB |sI – A| = s(s – 1) –4 = s2 –s – 4
00 01 11 10
00 0 0 0 0 1
M
s 2 
[sI – A]–1 =
01 1 0 0 1 s  s  4  2
2 s  1
11 1 0 1 1
1 s 2  1 
10 0 0 0 0 [sI – A]–1B =
s  s  4 2
2 s  1 2
(a) BD  BCD (b) BD  AB
1 s  4 
= 2  
(c) (d) BD  ABC s  s  4  2s 
S
BD  ABC
Sol. (d) 1 s  4 
C  sI  A  B = s2  s  4 
1 1 0  
CD C  25 
IE
AB 00 01 11 10
00 0 0 0 0 s4
01 1 0 0 1 T.F. = 2
B s s4
11 1 0 1 1
A 49. The magnitude of magnetic flux density (B)
10 0 0 0 0
D in micro Teslas (T) , at the center of a

loop of wire wound as a regular hexagon of
f  BD  ABC
side length 1 m carrying a current (I = 1A)
48. The transfer function of the system Y(s)/ and placed in vacuum as shown in the
U(s) whose state-space equations are given figure is _____. (Give the answer up to two
below is: decimal places).

H = 6 × H = 6 × 0.091888
= 0.551329 H/m
Magnetic flux density B = H
Hence B = 0H (in vaccum)
Sol. (0.69) = 4   107  0.551329

Magnetic field due to finite length of = 6.9282 × 10–7 Tesla
ER
current carrying conductor is given by
or B  0.6928 T
I
H=  cos 2  cos 1  aˆ  .. (1)
4
B  0.69 T upto two decimal places
2
I 50. The figure below shows an uncontrolled
 diode bride rectifier supplied from a 220 V,
ST
50 Hz, 1-phase ac source. The load draws
1 a constant current I0 = 14 A. The conduction
angle of the diode D1 in degrees (rounded
off to two decimal places) is _____
 2 = 60°
D1 D3
1 = 120° Ls=10 mH
A
In case of regular hexagon 220 V, I0 = 14A
50 Hz
a=1
D4 D2

M
a=1 a=1
Sol. (224.17°)
For single phase controlled bridge rectifier
effect of source inducfance will modify the
average output voltage as,
a2
 = a2  where a =1 Vm
4 V0 = cos   cos      
 
S
1 3 where  is overlap angle

= 1  m
4 2 But for diode (uncontrolled) bridge,   0
IE
Using formula in eq-(i) magnetic field Vm

so V0 = 1  cos   ...(1)
intensity at centre due to one side of regular  
Hexagon
Also
1 2Vm 2L s
H = cos60  cos120   V0 =  I0 ... (2)
 3   
4 
 2  where Ls = source inductance
 
From eq. (1) and eq (2).
= 0.091888 H/m
Magnetic field intensity due to all six sides 2Vm 2L s V
 I0 = m 1  cos  
of regular hexagon will be   

Substituting all the values in above To calculate Vth

equation Using superposition theorem
3
2  220  2 4   50  10  10  14 Taking 5V source only

  Circuit reduces to
220  2 5
= 1  cos  
 +
+ V1
Solving for cos 5V 5
ER
–
–
cos = 0.7173
5
  = 44.17° V1 = = 2.5
2
Conduction angle for diode will be 180° + Taking 6V source only, circuit reduces to
 3
Hence conduction angle  = 180° + 
ST
– +
= 180° + 44.17°
+
6V
5 V2 5
  224.17 upto two decimal places.
–
51. In the circuit shown below, the maximum
V2 = –3V
power transferred to the resistor R
is_____W Taking 2A current source only,
A
5
3
+
5
+ V3 5 2A
6V
M
5V +
– R 5 2A –
V3 = –5V
Sol. (3.025 W)
VTh = V1 + V2 + V3 = 2.5 – 3 – 5 = – 5.5V
Pmax across R will be given by
2 Pmax =
 5.5 2
VTh 4  2.5
Pmax =
S
4R Th
or Pmax  3.025 W
Where VTh = Thevenin’s voltage across ‘R’
52. A 375 W, 230 V, 50 Hz, capacitor start
RTh = Thevenin’s resistance across ‘R’
IE
single-phase induction motor has the

To Calculate Rth following constants for the main and
Short cirauiting all voltage sources and auxiliary windings (at starting):
open circuiting all current sources, circuit Zm  (12.50  j15.75) (main winding),
reduces to Za  (24.50  j12.75) (auxiliary winding).
3 Neglecting the magnetizing branch, the
5
value of the capacitance (in F) to be
R 5 5 5 R added in series with the auxiliary winding
to obtain maximum torque at starting
is _____
Hence RTh = 5 5 = 2.5 

Sol. (98.87 F )  15.75   12.75  X c 

 1   12.5   24.50  = 0
  
Capacitor start single phase mduction
motor Solving for Xc
Xc = 32.194
Switch
1
RM also Xc =
Cs Cs
V Rotor
1 1
ER
XM  Cs = X =
c 2  100  32.194
RA XA or Cs  98.87 F
IA
53. Consider a causal and stable LTI system
 V with rational transfer function H(z), whose
I corresponding impulse response begins at
ST
5
n = 0. Furthermore, H(1) = . The poles of
IM 4
Torque will be maximum when   90 1  (2k  1) 
between currents of auxiliary winding and H(z) are pk  exp  j  for k = 1,
2  4 
mains winding.
2, 3, 4. The zeros of H(z) are all at z = 0.
A
230 Let g[n] = jnh[n]. The value of g[8] equals
IM = 12.50  j15.75  _____. (Give the answer up to three decimal
places).
1  15.75 
M
M = – tan  12.50  Sol. (0.098)
 
Taking Xc as reactance of capacitor Cs 1   2k  1  
Pk = exp  j ,
2  4 
230
IA = k = 1, 2, 3, 4
 24.50  j12.75  jX c 
1 j
1  12.75  X C 
S
P1 =
A =  tan   2 e4
 24.50 
1     
Taking m  90 = A = cos  4   jsin  4  
2
IE
   
 15.75   12.75  X c 
tan 1    90 = tan 1   1  j 
 12.50   24.50  =
2
 15.75   12.75  X c 
tan 1    tan 1   = 90° 1
j3 
 12.5   24.50  P2 = e 4
2
Taking tan on both sides
1   3   3  
 15.75   12.75  X c  =  cos  4   jsin  4  
   2     
 12.5   24.50 
 15.75   12.75  X c  = tan90° =   1  j 
1   =
 12.5  24.50  2

j5  25  1 1
1 
P3 = e4 h[n] = 16   n   4   n  4   16   n  8  .....
2  
1   5   5   25  1 1 
 8     4     0  .....
=  cos  4   jsin  4   h[8] = 
16  4 16 
2     
 1  j  25  1 1 
= 16 0  4  0  16  1  .....0 
=
2  
ER
j7  25 1 25
1 4 h[8] =  = = 0.098
P4 = e 16 16 256
2
n
1   7   7   g[n] = j h n 
=  cos  4   jsin  4  
2      g[8] = j8 h 8 = h[8] = 0.098
1  j 
=  2  g 8  0.098
ST
 
System is causal so order of numerator can 54. Let a causal LTI system be characterized
not be greater than order of denominator.
Therefore, by the following differential equation, with
initial rest condition
K  Z4
H(z) = d2 y dy dx(t)
 Z  P1  Z  P2  Z  P3  Z  P4  7  10y(t)  4x(t)  5
dt 2 dt dt
A
K  Z4
= where, x(t) and y(t) are the input and
  1  j    1  j     1  j    1  j 
Z   2  Z   2  Z   2  Z  2  output respectively. The impulse response
          
of the system is [u(t) is the unit step
M
KZ4 function]
H(z) = 1
Z4  (a) 2e–2tu(t) – 7e–5tu(t)
4
(b) –2e–2tu(t) + 7e–5tu(t)
5
H(1) = (c) 7e–2tu(t) – 2e–5tu(t)
4
(d) –7e–2tu(t) + 2e–5tu(t)
S
K 5
1 = 4 Sol. (b)
1
4
Differential equation
IE
4 5
K = d 2y dy dx  t 
5 4 7  10y  t  = 4x(t) + 5
2
dt dt dt
25
K Taking Laplace on both sides (initial rest
16 condition)
25 Z4 s2Y(s) + 7sY(s) + 10Y(s) = 4X(s) + 5s X(s)
H(z) =
16 Z4  1 Y s 5s  4
4 H(s) = X s = 2
  s  7s  10
25  1 4 1 8 
H(z) = 1  4 Z  16 Z  ..... Impulse response h(t) = L1  H(s) 
16  

  Probability
1 5s  4
h(t) = L  s  2 s  5 
    7
C1 7 C1 7 C1 ....7 C1
(k  times)
P = 10 10 10 10
C1  C1  C1 ... C1 (k  times)
1  2 7 
= L     k  times 
s2 s5 7.7.7....7
=
h(t) = –2e–2t 4(t) + 7e–5t 4(t) 10.10.10....10  k  times 
55. Only one of the real roots of f(x) = x6 – x or P = (0.7)k
ER
– 1 lies in the interval 1  x  2 and 2. Rahul, Murali, Srinivas and Arul are seated
bisection method is used to find its value. around a square table. Rahul is sitting to
For achieving an accuracy of 0.001, the the left of Murali. Srinivas is sitting to the
required minimum number of iterations is right of Arul. Which of the following pairs
_____ are seated opposite each other?
(a) Rahul and Murali
Sol. (10)
ST
(b) Srinivas and Arul
In bisection method, the minimum number
ba (c) Srinivas and Murali
of iterations is given by n

2 (d) Srinvas and Rahul
where Sol. (c)
a: lower limit of interval Srinivas
A
b: upper limit of interval
Rahul Arul
 : Error in approximation
n : Number of iteration
M
Murali
Thus 3. Research in the workplace reveals that
2 1 people work for many reasons _____
n
 0.001
2 (a) money beside
 2n > 1000 (b) beside money
S
(c) money besides

 n  10
Aptitude (d) besides money
Sol. (d)
IE
1. The probability that a k-digit number does

NOT contain the digits 0, 5 or 9 is Beside  ‘next to’
(a) 0.3k (b) 0.06k Besides  ‘Except’
(c) 0.7k (d) 0.9k 4. After Rajendra Chola returned from his
voyage to Indonesia, he _____ to visit the
Sol. (c) temple in Thanjavur.
k- digit number
(a) was wishing
(b) is wishing
digit 1 2 3 4 k–1 k
(c) wished
Excluding digits 0, 5 or 9
(d) had wished

Sol. (c) 2x
=
5. Find the smallest number y such that y × 2
162 is a perfect cube = x (minimum of x and y)
In both the cases we get the minimum of
(a) 24
x and y and the corretion option is (b).
(b) 27 7. “The hold of the nationalist inagination on
(c) 32 our colonial past is such that anything
inadequately or improperly nationlist is just
ER
(d) 36
not history.”
Sol. (d)
Which of the following statements best
y  162 as perfact cube reflects the author’s opinion?
162 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 (a) Nationalists are highly imaginative
to make it perfect cube y = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 (b) History is viewed through the filter of
nationalism
ST
or y  36
(c) Our colonial past never happened
(x  y) |x  y| (d) Nationalism has to be both adequately
6. The expression is equal to
2 and properly imagined
(a) The maximum of x and y Sol. (b)
A
(b) The minimum of x and y 8. A contour line joins locations having the
same height above the mean sea level. The
(c) 1 following is a contour plot of a geographical
(d) None of the above region. Contour lines are shown at 25 m
M
intervals in this plot. If in a flood, the water
Sol. (b) level rises to 525 m. Which of the villages
x  y   x  y P, Q, R, S, T get submerged?
Given expression is
2 Q
R
we know modulus of any number should
be a positive value
S
Case (1): x > y (here y is minimum) T

450
then x  y = (x – y) positive value S
IE
x  y    x  y  x  y    x  y  (a) P, Q
then =
2 2
(b) P, Q, T
2y
= (c) R, S, T
2
= y (minimum of x and y)
(d) Q, R, S
Case (2): y > x (here x is minimum)
Sol. (c)
then x  y   y  x  (positive value)
Height above mean sea level for
x  y   x  y x  y    y  x  P  HP = 575 m
then =
2 2 Q  HQ = 525 m

R  HR = 475 m Remaining three will be right handed

S  Hs = 475 m Hence correct answer is (a).
T  HT = 500 m 10. Arun, Gulab, Neel and Shweta must choose
one shift each from a pile of four shirt
if water level in a flood is 252 m then R,S,T
coloured red, pink, blue and white
will be submerged.
respectively. Arun dislike the colour red and
9. Six people are seated around a circular Shweta dislikes the colour white. Gulab and
table. There are at least two men and two Neel like all the colours. In how many
ER
women. There are at least three right- different ways can they choose the shirts
handed persons. Every woman has a left- so that no one has a shirt with a colour he
handed person to her immediate right. or she dislikes?
None of the women are right-handed. The
(a) 21 (b) 18
number of women at the table is
(c) 16 (d) 14
(a) 2
ST
Sol. (d)
(b) 3
Colour – Red, Pink, Blue, White
(c) 4
Arun  Red
(d) Cannot be determined
Sol. (a) Shweta  White
Total perosns–6 Case–Arun chooses pink shirt then Shweta

A
will have two options Red and blue so
Conditions: number of ways
1. Atleast two men and two women
n1 = 1 C1 2 C1 2 C1 1 C1 = 4
M
2. Atleast 3-right handed persosn Case–2
3. Every women has a left handed person Arun chooses bule shirt, Shweta will have
to her immediate right and all women two options Red and Pink, so
are left handed. n2 = 1 C1 2 C1 2 C1 1 C1 = 4
Let us choose at least two women Case–3
(minimum) then total left handed persons Arun chooses white, then Shweta will have
S
= 2 + 1 (1 man is immediate right of one three options, so

woman when both woman are sitting n3 = 1 C1 3 C1 2 C1 1 C1 = 6
together) = 3 So total number of ways = 4 + 4 + 6 = 14
IE

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GATE–2017 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING S ESSION–1 QUESTION AND DETAILED S OLUTION | 1

B Electrostatic force will exist between

as these are parallel mass of particle and a is acceleration.

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3. The slope and level detector circuit in a Sol. (4%)

(a) 0 < K < 0.5

response time (tre) = 50 ns By Routh Hurwitz Criteria

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7. A 10-bus power system consists of four (a) p = –0.2, q = –0.1, r = –0.5

= 14 × 14 For Y33 = –j7

bus matrix are : Y11 = –j12 pu, Y22 = –j15 jr jp

On solving equations (i), (ii) and (iii)

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9. For the power semiconductor devices IGBT,

For transfer function

where,  |G(j).H(j)|  gc V0 (j)

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 sin (100t) 14. A three-phase, 50 Hz, star-connected

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deliver to the motor in kW is _____.(Give a ia a

For unity P.f. for synchronous motor. (d) 2200sin(100t) cos(100t)W

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 2  y[1] = (1 + (–1)1) x[1] = 0

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T=1 convolution. Let c be a positive real-valued

1 T2  jn0 t (c) c.x(t)  y(ct)

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1  j  ground fault occurs at the terminals is

RMS value of fundamental component is V2 = A2V3 + B2I3

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V1 A B  B1 D2 as the square of the speed. The flux in the

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Thus, Which one of the following statement is

High ON High ON Low this limit exist if 1 + 2a + b = a+b

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current in the inductor of 2 H for t  0 , is from AC mains at the 1.1 kV side. It

to calculate Requivalent, = 90.91   53.13  90.91 66.86 =

Now Load at secondary 900kVA, .8 p.F.

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I A  corresponding Ia ' b '   3  272.73 2

 RMS line current = 625.01 A

 x  Pmax, in pu is _____ (Give the answer up to

the line C is a straight line passing through

Regd. office : F-126, (Upper Basement), Katwaria

Here, Output of operational amplifier will be

 2 36. A load is supplied by a 230 V, 50 Hz source.

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the generator to the DC grid is _____. (Give

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magnitude of the steady-state output the readings of the wattmeters in watts

400 v, 3-phase source

 For RYB phase sequence

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W2 = VBY  IB cos  30    Sol. (c)

For P.f = 0.5;  = cos–1 (0.5) = 60° Given y-bus [Y]3×3

There is a transmission line, connected

Reactance whenever we remove the transmission line

  j39.95 j20 0   0 j20  j19.95

shown in the figure, U1(s) and U2(s) are

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JLs2  JRs  k1k 2