FMX2 

FMX2

Contents
1 FMX2R3 interfaces 7
1.1 External interfaces 8
1.2 Internal interfaces 12
2 FMXII SISA Structure 13
3 FMXII Functional View 15
4 FMXII network structures 19
5 FMXII operating modes 25
5.1 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30 26
5.2 Terminal Multiplexer TMX2x30 28
5.3 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30(1+1) 30
5.4 Drop/Insert-Multiplexer DIMX 32
6 Channel conferencing modes of the CUD in DIMX-mode 35
7 FMX2R3 additional features 41
7.1 End to end nx64kbps channel protection 42
7.2 ADPCM in FMXIIR3 44
8 Exercise 47
9 Solution 49

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MX2R3 structure and components

The system module FMX is responsible for the following tasks :
• Multiplex functionality
• Provision of analog to digital subscriber interfaces
• Control and signaling for the subscriber interfaces

The control and signaling of these interfaces is done by means of the CAS signaling.

Depending on the configuration, the FMX can be configured as terminal multiplexer

or drop insert multiplexer. On the network side system module FMX is equipped with
two 2-Mbit/s interfaces in accordance with ITU-T G.703.

The central functions in the FMX are handled by a central unit drop insert CUD. Up to
six line cards can be equipped to provide various range of subscriber interfaces.
Additionally, SUE card provides supervision and management of the system.

LC#1
2 Mbps

CAS
.
Sub . CUD
.
2 Mbps

CAS
LC#6

SUE

Fig. 1 FMX Functional Overview

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The following line cards are available in the FMX2R3 family:

• A central unit drop/insert CUD
• Up to 6 line cards LC, of the following types:

Analog
SUB102C subscriber converter, a/b wire, subscriber 10 ports per card
side
SLX102C subscriber converter, a/b wire, switching 10 ports per card
side
SLB62 subscriber converter for local battery, a/b 6 ports per card
wire
UAC68 universal analog line card, 2/4-wire 6 ports per card
leased lines or with E&M
SEM106 2-wire E&M converter)1) 10 ports per card
SEM108H 4-wire E&M converter1)
LLA102/104C Line card for analog 2-wire/4-wire leased 10 ports per card
lines 1)
ISDN
I8S0P ISDN line card, S0 interface 8 ports per card
IUL82(C) ISDN line card, Uk0 interface 2B1Q 8 ports per card
I4UK2NTP ISDN line card, Uk0 interface 2B1Q, 4 ports per card
switching side
IUL84 ISDN line card, Uk0 interface 4B3T 8 ports per card
I4UK4NTP ISDN line card, Uk0 interface 4B3T, 4 ports per card
switching side
Digital
Services
DSC104CO digital signal channel, 64 kbit/s, 10 ports per card
codirectional, G.703 interfaces
DSC6-n×64G digital signal channel, n × 64 kbit/s, 6 ports per card
G.703 interfaces
CPF2 digital signal channel with maximum of 4 4 submodules per card
interface modules for various interfaces
• CIM subrates up to 31 × 64 kbit/s, 1 port per module
Customer V.24/V35/V36/RS530 or X.21,Ethernet

Interface - protocol conversion X.50/X.51 to

modules X.30/V.110/I.460

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CM64/2 digital signal card, 2 Mbit/s channel 1 port per card

multiplexer, G.703
DSC8V24 (digital signal channel, n ≤ 19.2 kbit/s, 8 port per card
V.24 interfaces)1)
DSC8X21 (digital signal channel, n ≤ 64 kbit/s, X.21 8 port per card
interfaces)1)
BEC Optionally, a bus extension card BEC
can be used instead of a line card, if up
to 12 line cards are connected to the
CUD2).

1) only in MXS19 shelf

2) only possible in the shelves FMX2S and MXS19

Fig. 2 FMX2R3 Overview

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1 FMX2R3 interfaces

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1.1 External interfaces

F1 Interfaces
The F1 interfaces are on the CUD central unit drop/insert and conform to ITU-T
Recommendation G.703. Each F1 interface has a transmission rate of 2 Mbit/s. By
setting a switch, the interface can be terminated as desired with 120 Ω or 75 Ω.

F2/D2 Subscriber Interfaces

The F2/D2 subscriber interfaces are provided by the line cards. They are used to
connect analog, digital and ISDN subscribers. The number of subscriber interfaces
for each LC card type is different.

T3 Interface
The T3 interface is implemented by the central unit and conforms to ITU-T G.703/10.
An external 2048-kHz clock is fed in via the T3in interface. The interface can be set
to high or low resistance by a switch. The 2048-kHz clock, which is derived from the
appropriate clock source, is output at the T3out interface.

QD2 Interface
The QD2 interface of the multiplexer is on the central unit and conforms to EIA
RS485. It is in the form of a slave interface (QD2-S), and implements access to the
FMX2R3 network element and to remote network termination units.

ZA(A) and ZA(B) Interface

The interface signals an alarm in the direction of the central service observation
equipment. The ZA(A) interface is in the form of a normally closed contact. At the
normally closed contact ZA(A), either A alarm (urgent) or S alarm (service) is output,
and for both cases failure of the operating voltage. The ZA(B) interface is in the form
of a normally open contact. It is used to signal B alarm (non-urgent).

Interface of ECC
Via the ECC interface of the CUD, a control signal can be derived from any timeslot
of one of the F1 ports and inserted in the opposite direction. This timeslot can then no
longer be used for information transmission. The ECC interface conforms to ITU-T
Recommendation V.11.

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Sa Bit Interfaces
The Sa bit interfaces are designed according to the interface conditions of EIA
RS485. Four Sa bit interfaces, Sa5 to Sa8, are available on the CUD.
One symmetrical signal line for the sending direction and one for the receiving
direction can be connected for each Sa bit. The transmission speed is 0.6 kbit/s
(signal distortion about 15 %) to 1.2 kbit/s (signal distortion about 30 %).

The following options for the data paths are available for all Sa bits on the CUD unit:
• Source for F1Aout: low-level / high-level / Sa*in / F1Bin / Sa*in ANDed with F1Bin,
• Source for F1Bout: low-level / high-level / Sa*in / F1Ain / Sa*in ANDed with F1Ain,
• Source for Sa*out: low-level / high-level / high-resistance / F1Ain / F1Bin / F1Ain
ANDed with F1Bin.

At the 64 kbit/s bit rate, no transparent data transmission is possible. The data signal
must be transmitted using HDLC frames.

If the option of frame synchronization of the CUD is used, the Sa bits are not
available as a transmission channel. They are permanently set to “1” in the sent
signal. The Sa bit interfaces are switched to high-resistance.

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Fig. 3

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1.2 Internal interfaces

System Bus
The system bus is subdivided into the PCM highway and the LC bus. The line cards
also receive their power supply via the system bus.

PCM Highway
The PCM highway forms the interface between the central unit and the various line
cards for serial transmission of data channels and PCM-coded speech signals.
The sending and receiving signals of the PCM interface are synchronized by the
same clock, but can be in any phase position in relation to each other as far as the
frame clock is concerned. Both signal flow directions keep their own frame
synchronization pulse.

LC bus
The LC bus is an 8-bit computer bus for transmission of control and signaling data
between the central unit and the LCs.
The interface works on the master-slave principle, i.e. the central unit is the master
and the LCs are the slaves. Irrespective of the division in the subrack, up to 12 line
cards can be operated every 4 ms with one CUD central unit drop/insert.

Test and Measurement bus

Via the test and measurement bus, measurements on the subscriber lines and/or
ports of selected line cards within an SNU can be carried out. The measurements are
done in the system module COMPS2.
Connecting the line cards to the test and measurement bus is controlled exclusively
via the supervision unit OSU of COMPS2. Multiplexers which are controlled via an
additional supervision unit cannot be measured.

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2 FMXII SISA Structure

In the FMX2S_shelf there are maximum two FMXX2 systems. The first Module is
always the SUE supervision unit to make the communication between the whole shelf
and the management system.
The first FmX2 starts in slot 2 and the second one in slot 9 (check also the SISA-
address in the DCN-view.

Fig. 4

The SUE is shown in the DCN View as virtual note SISA V/LMX (LMX means
software download to this network element is possible). The second part of the SUE
is the icon for the 8 external Alarms connected direct to the SUE : SISA ASA (ASA-K)
means Alarm Collector (Alarmsammler)

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SUE

CUD Firmware (new CUD without SW)

Alarm collector: 8 external alarms

Fig. 5

The SUE has two further slaves: the 2 FMX2 systems started with a SISA V/LMX for
the CUD Firmware.
TIP A NEW CUD WITHOUT LOADABLE SOFTWARE WILL BE SHOWN ONLY AS
SISA V

After software download the multiplexer n*64 kbps to 2Mbps will occur.

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3 FMXII Functional View

The functional view shows the logical information flow through the FMXII from the 2
Mbps G703 electrical ports to the data interfaces.

Fig. 6

EPPM64/2M #1 and #2: electrical 2Mbps ports A an B

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FU Description Remark
EPPM64/2 Electrical Plesiochronous Electr. 2M Ports A and B
Multiplex Port 64 kbit/s/2 Mbit/s
ICBD Internal Conference Block digital conference blocks for
Timeslots 1 to 31
BPX64 Bottom Path Connection 64 kbit/s 64 kbps crossconnector
KZU KZU Access Interface analog ports of SLX and SUB
KZU analog Ports of UAC
SUBMUX Assignment for Connections assignment of D-Channels for
ISDN
ISDN ISDN Access Interface
IIF64 Internal Interface 64 kbps ECC Ports #2 and #3 of CUD,
ECC#1 of SUE
DSKnx64 Digital Access Interface nx64 kbps ports of DSC10C, DSC6 n*64G
FLEXnx64 Digital Access Interface nx64 kbps CIM-IF of CPF2
SISA0 SISA-0 (Management of the QD2
interface)
PET Plesiochronous Equipment Timing Synchronization sources 1 to 8
MEL Message Input (digital input group external alarms
with 32 Bit)

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ICBD#1:1 1:=A ICBD#31:1

0 1 2 15 16 17 30 31

ICBD#1:33
33:=B ICBD#31:33
B
0 1 2 15 16 17 30 31

Fig. 7

TIP
The ICBD gives the conference for the timeslots 1 to 31. If a port of a LC is
connected to a time slot on A or B is given by the number 1 for A and 33 for B.

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4 FMXII network structures

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The FMX2 system is used to build up private networks as access multiplexers inside
public networks.
The TMX30, TMX2x30 and DIMX multiplexers and CC64K cross-connect can be
combined in different ways.
The multiplexer's operating modes are implemented by central units and CUD.
The CUD central unit has two F1 ports. Changeover between operating modes is
implemented via the operating program by menu selection.
It is possible to implement the following structures, which can be linked to each other
arbitrarily:
• line-type,
• intermeshed,
• star-shaped or
• ring-shaped.

Applications:
Operating mode Central Unit Abbreviation
TMX30 Central Unit CUD
TMX2x30 Central Unit Drop Insert CUD
TMX30(1+1) Central Unit Drop Insert CUD
DIMX Central Unit Drop Insert CUD
Application options

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The following diagrams show examples of FMX2 applications.

Mirror multiplexer

CU, OF,
voice voice
HDSL
MUX MUX
data data

ISDN TMX30 TMX30 ISDN

2 Mbps
TMX2x30 TMX2x30
data NTU 2 x 2 Mbps NTU data

Fig. 8 FMXII a mirror multiplexer configuration

Line - type network

CU, OF, CU, OF,

voice MUX MUX MUX voice
HDSL HDSL
data data
TMX30 DIMX TMX30
ISDN ISDN
2 Mbps 2 Mbps
NTU NTU

voice
U data
NT
ISDN

Fig. 9 FMXII in a line-type network configuration

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Branched network

synchronous
MUX
1 multiplexers
. . DIMX
. CC64K .
. .
20

CC64K CC64K

CU, OF, CU, OF,

MUX HDSL MUX MUX HDSL MUX

TMX30 DIMX DIMX TMX30

TMX2x30 2 Mbps 2 Mbps TMX2x30
2x2 Mbps 2x2 Mbps

1
. .
. . 2-Mbps-Lines
2-Mbps-Lines . CC64K .
20

Fig. 10 FMXII/CMX in a branched network configuration

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Access line multiplexer

CU
MUX EX
voice

TMX30 #
ISDN
2 Mbps
TMX2x30

Fig. 11 FMXII in a AccessLine multiplexer configuration

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5 FMXII operating modes

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5.1 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30

TMX30 is a multiplexer operating mode in which a maximum of 30 time slots inside
the 2 Mbps signal are seized by the LC F2 signals in the transmit direction. If no
signaling flags are transmitted (CAS deactivated), a maximum of 31 channels are
available for data transmission (no voice processing in this special case).
In the receive direction the 2 Mbps signal is distributed to the 30 (31) LC F2 signals.

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Functional diagram

LC F1in

.
.
F2 . CUD F1

LC F1out

Fig. 12 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30

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5.2 Terminal Multiplexer TMX2x30

In the multiplexer operating mode TMX2x30 it is possible to distribute a maximum of
60 signals in the transmit and receive direction from the LCs to ports F1A and F1B
and to transmit and send these signals as 2 Mbps signals using 30 channels each on
F1A and F1B. If no signaling flags are transmitted (CAS deactivated), a total
maximum of 62 channels are available.

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Functional diagram

F1in
LC F1A
F1out

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.
F2 . CUD

LC F1in
F1B
F1out

Fig. 13 Terminal Multiplexer TMX2x30

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5.3 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30(1+1)

The multiplexer operating mode TMX30(1+1) is used for protection switching of
2 Mbps transmission routes. Signals from a maximum of 30 (31) channels are
transmitted simultaneously (in parallel) via both ports of the CUD.
After detection of a fault in the standard route, a changeover to the secondary route
occurs within 10 ms without requiring any changes e.g. channel initialization data.
This means, existing connections remain unaffected.
If a high priority alarm is activated at one port and a lower priority alarm is activated
at the same time at a different port, the port with lower priority will be used as the
transmission path.

There are two operation principles to choose from:

• non-reverted mode
If changeover from the standard route to the secondary route occurs as a result of
a fault, automatic switch back will not occur after clearing the fault.
• reverted mode
If changeover from the standard route to the secondary route occurs as a result of
a fault, switchback to the standard route occurs automatically after the fault is
cleared.

TIP
This mode is used if two routes are available joining 2 different sites. It will not make
any sense to use this mode and transmit both E1 over the same physical carrier (e.g.
optical fiber of SDH ring).

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Functional diagram

F1 in F1 out
LC ACT LC
F1 out F1 in

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F2 . CUD F1 CUD . F2

LC F1 in F1 out LC
STB
F1 out F1 in

Fig. 14 Terminal Multiplexer TMX30(1+1)

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5.4 Drop/Insert-Multiplexer DIMX

In the DIMX mode, the 2 Mbps signals are through-connected from port to port and it
is possible to branch and reinsert a maximum of 30 channels from each of the two
transmission directions including the corresponding sections in time slot 16 (CAS
signaling in case of telephony channels for POTS or ISDN subscribers).
In this way it is possible to drop/insert up to a maximum of 60 channels.
Channels that are not dropped are through-connected from port to port.

TIP
The default status of the channels in this mode is the "blind" through-connection from
port to port. No time slot is dropped, till user configures it.

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Functional diagram

F1 out F1 in

F1 CUD F1

F1 in F1 out

F2 F2

LC ... LC

Fig. 15 Drop/Insert-Multiplexer DIMX

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6 Channel conferencing modes of the CUD in

DIMX-mode

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Any channel (time slot) of the 2Mbit/s of the CUD can be operated in 9 different
modes:

• Through connecting of a time slot (FM without LC):

if this is applied to all TS, the DIMX becomes a regenerator
• Dropping and inserting a 64kbit/s channel (A and B)
• Full conference (FM with LC)
• point to multipoint with the TS from F1A being the point (A:MP)
• point to multipoint with the TS from F1B being the point (B:MP)
• point to multipoint with the port of the line card being the point (LC:MP)
• Broadcasting with the TS from F1A being the source (A:BC)
• Broadcasting with the TS from F1B being the source (B:BC)
• Broadcasting with the port of the line card being the source (LC:BC)

Fig. 16

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CUD
F1Ain F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout F1Bin

Through switching of a 2-Mbit/s signal

CUD
F1Ain F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout •• F1Bin
••

PCM-E PCM-S

Dropping and inserting and iserting 64-kbit/s signal

Fig. 17

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CUD
F1Ain + F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout + F1Bin

PCM-E PCM-S
Digital conferencing

CUD
F1Ain F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout + F1Bin

PCM-E PCM-S

Point (port F1A)-to-multipoint

Fig. 18

CUD
F1Ain + F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout F1Bin

PCM-E PCM-S
Point (port F1B)-to-multipoint

CUD
F1Ain F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout F1Bin

PCM-E PCM-S

Point (time slot)-to-multipoint

Fig. 19

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CUD
F1Ain F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout F1Bin

PCM-E PCM-S
Broadcasting with F1A as a point

CUD
F1Ain F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout F1Bin

PCM-E PCM-S
Broadcasting with F1B as a point

Fig. 20

CUD

F1Ain F1Bout

Port F1A Port F1B

F1Aout F1Bin

PCM-E PCM-S

Broadcasting with a time slot as a point

Fig. 21

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7 FMX2R3 additional features

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7.1 End to end nx64kbps channel protection

The multiplexer can carry out automatic changeovers between the normal and
protection paths according to internal changeover criteria (protection state: auto).
Automatic changeover is possible only for the UAC68 and CPF2 units.
A manual changeover from the normal to the protection path and vice versa is also
possible in the auto protection state. In this case the path to which the changeover
occurs must be fault-free. The protection state is not affected by a manual
changeover.
The protection states “normal path forced active” and “protection path forced active”
are also possible.
The line card is assigned double the transmission capacity, a normal path and a
protection path, both with the same authorizations, in the transmission network. In the
direction from the transmission network to the subscriber interface, the subscriber
port determines the availability of the current transmission link or both transmission
links, and specifies the transmission link to be used.
Non-revertive protection mode is used, meaning that when the normal path is
disturbed the system changes over to the protection path if this path is fault-free. A
reverse changeover occurs if there is a fault on the protection path, and the normal
path is fault free.

For digital signals, protection switching also occurs in the following cases:
• Single port with subrate transmission
• Single port with ≥ 64-kbit/s data transmission
• Multiport with n x 64-kbit/s data transmission.

If ADPCM is used, no protection path can be set up.

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Fig. 22 End to end nx 64kbps channel protection

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7.2 ADPCM in FMXIIR3

This compressed coding of 64kbit/s channels into 32kbit/s is only available for
UAC68 card.
Using the ADPCM, no channel protection is possible.
This feature enables the transport of two analogue VF signals originated in two ports
of the card into one 64kbit/s channel of the 2 Mbit/s

TIP
The ADPCM is not available with the SUB102 or SLX102 cards. This means, no
ADPCM for telephony.
Please note, that this art of voice compression applies only in the following interfaces
(those of the UAC68 card):

• Leased line 2 wires

• Leased line 4 wires
• E&M 6 wires
• E&M 8 wires.

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Cross-connections

ADPCM1 ADPCM2

64kbit/s channel
KZU2#1
2Mbit/s frame
1 7 16 31
KZU2#4

UAC68

Fig. 23 Occupation of ADPCM channels

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8 Exercise

1. What are the components of FMX2R3?

2. Which network structures can be implemented?

3. Which operating modes of the FMXII can be configured?

4. What shelves can accommodate the FMX2R3?

5. What are the main differences between SNUS shelf and FMX2S shelf?

6. What is the maximum number of line cards, that can be assigned to an FMXII?

7. How many line cards can be placed in an SNUS shelf?

8. How many line cards can be placed in an FMX2S shelf?

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9 Solution

1. What are the components of FMX2R3?

• central unit
• line card
• supervision unit

2. Which network structures can be implemented?

• line-type,
• intermeshed,
• star-shaped or
• ring-shaped.

3. Which operating modes of the FMXII can be configured?

• Terminal multiplexer
TMX30
TMX2x30
TMX30(1+1)
• Drop/Insert-Multiplexer
DIMX

4. What shelves can accommodate the FMX2R3?

• MSX19 for Multiplexer and Line-equipment
• FMX2 for Multiplexer and Line-equipment
• SNUS for Cross-connect, Multiplexer and Line-equipment

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5. What are the main differences between SNUS shelf and FMX2S shelf?
• SNUS accommodates multiplexer, cross connect as well as transport
• FMX2S accommodates up to two multiplexers only

6. What is the maximum number of line cards, that can be assigned to an FMXII?
12

7. How many line cards can be placed in an SNUS shelf?

6

8. How many line cards can be placed in an FMX2S shelf?

12

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