Frog Dissection

Submitted by: ​Andrea Montesano

Pablo Espinal
Alex Gebreamlak
Luca Corrazza
Submitted to: ​Ms.Valinho
Course Code: ​SNC 2D2
Due Date: ​June 10, 2016
Procedure #7 Observations
Procedure Questions:

1)
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b)
c)
2)
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b)
3)
a)
b)
4) a

Inquire Further:

Muscular connecting with the respiratory and nervous system

The muscular system aids the nervous system, through the sensory
receptors found in the muscles as they provide information on the position of
the body, the frog’s balance, and any movement that occurs. As well as, any
external information such as; pressure, temperature, and pain. The
muscular system aids the respiratory system by helping it breathe when not
using the skin for gas exchange. The way it works is first the frog lowers the
floor of its mouth creating a bubble-like feature, in turn causing the throat to
expand. Secondly, the nostrils are opened to allow oxygen inside the
expanded mouth. Thirdly, the nostrils are closed, and the air is forced to the
lungs through contraction of the muscles in the mouth and throat. Lastly, in
order to remove Carbon Dioxide the mouth is lowered again, forcing it out of
the lungs and into the mouth, and the nostrils are then opened and the floor
of the mouth moved up forcing the air out of the nostrils.

Respiratory connecting with the muscular and nervous system

Before we discuss the multiple organ systems of the frog and how they work
together, let’s discuss how the frog’s respiratory system works. While
completely submerged in water, all of the frog’s respiration is taken in
through the skin. The skin is permeable to water and has a large amount of
blood vessels. The permeable skin allows the oxygen to diffuse into the
blood vessels. When out of the water, the frog skin of the frog stays moist,
which helps absorb dissolved oxygen from the air, other than this, frogs also
breathe like humans, in through the nose or mouth.
​Since frogs are like humans, they also have multiple organ systems that
interact with each other. These organ systems rely on each other to keep
the frog alive. Three organ systems that work together to keep the frog alive
is the respiratory system, muscular and nervous. The respiratory system
connects with the musculatory system because the respiratory system
provides oxygen to the muscle cells through the bloodstream. This oxygen
then flows through the blood stream to its destination, in this case being the
muscles. The oxygen gives muscles the ability to move and work. Without
the respiratory system, the frog wouldn’t be able to stay alive because its
muscles wouldn’t work at all. Therefore it couldn’t move and do its daily
needs. The respiratory system also connects with the nervous system of the
frog. Frog’s respiratory system works with their nervous system and
depends on each other. The nervous system’s job is to regulate and change
respiratory rate, while the respiratory system is responsible for providing. As
well the respiratory system also aids the brain by sending oxygen to the
brain. If the brain cells don’t get enough oxygen then they will die. Therefore
without the respiratory system, the nervous system could not work because
the brain will die and the frog will as well

Nervous System connecting to muscular and respiratory system

We all know that frogs and humans have similar organ systems, this is spot
on for the nervous system, just like a human, a frog has a central and
peripheral nervous system. The Nervous system is a set of organs which
control and coordinates all the activities of the body. The nervous system
includes all of the sensory systems, including hearing, sight and smell, as
well as balance and movement through space. This system is made up of the
brain and spinal cord and the nerves running throughout the body. Since the
brain has a lot of major organs/parts of the body, it plays a large role in
keeping the organism alive. In the body of a frog, the nervous system
affects both the muscular and the respiratory systems. Firstly, the nervous
system affects the muscular system because the brain provides the muscles
with information about body position and movement, through its receptors.
Also, the nervous system is able to contract, allowing food to move through
the digestive tract. Therefore if this system didn't work with the muscular
system then we wouldn't be able to move, feel, stand, digest food, etc. this
system is probably one of the most important systems in an organism’s body
and is often relied on by other organ systems. The nervous system reacts
with our respiratory system because we are constantly inhaling and exhaling
involuntarily. Furthermore, the brain monitors your respiratory volume and
blood gas levels and your respiratory rate. Without your nervous system
connecting to your respiratory system, your body wouldn't be able to do
simple things like inhale and exhale or monitor your breathing which would
ultimately lead to death.