Throughout this chapter you have had the actinide law of constant composition opportunity to do the following: alchemy line spectrum • Demonstrate an understanding of the periodic law, and alkali metal mass number (A) describe how electron arrangements and forces within alkaline earth metal mass spectrometer atoms can explain periodic trends such as atomic analogy metal radius, ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, atom metalloid and electronegativity. (1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5) atomic mass model • Identify chemical substances and reactions in everyday atomic number (Z) neutron use or of environmental significance. (1.1, 1.3) atomic radius neutron number (N) • Define and describe the relationship among atomic carbon-14 dating noble gas number, mass number, and atomic mass, isotope, and compound nonmetal radioisotope. (1.3) continuous spectrum nucleus • Identify and describe careers associated with matter. (1.3) diagnostic test orbit • Relate the reactivity of a series of elements to their posi- electron period tion in the periodic table. (1.5) electron affinity periodic law electron cloud periodic trend • Analyze data involving periodic properties such as ion- electronegativity principal quantum number ization energy and atomic radius in order to recognize element proton general trends in the periodic table. (1.5) empirical definition quantitative empirical knowledge quantum mechanics energy level radioactive Make a excited radioisotope Summary fission representative element flame test SATP Summarize the concepts that you have learned ground state STP in this chapter by creating a concept map. Begin group theoretical knowledge with the word “element” and use as many words half-life theory as possible from the list of key words. halogen transition ion transition metal ionization energy transuranic element Reflectyour on Learning isotope IUPAC trend triad Revisit your answers to the Reflect on Your Learning ques- lanthanide unified atomic mass (u) tions at the beginning of this chapter. law of conservation of valence electrons mass • How has your thinking changed? • What new questions do you have?