1. The diagram shows a mother fox and her cubs.

There are seven characteristics that all living organisms show.

One of these is movement. The mother fox is moving towards the cubs.

(a) Explain how the diagram shows two other characteristics.

characteristic 1 ...................................................................................................................................

explanation ...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

characteristic 2 ...................................................................................................................................

explanation ...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
[4]

(b) A fox is a mammal.

How does the diagram show this?

...............................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................[1]
2. (a) Modern wheat plants were developed from wild wheat by selective breeding.

Wild wheat has only a small number of small grains.

Modern wheat plants have a larger number of large grains.

Read these sentences about selectie breeding.

A The two selected wheat plants were bred with each other.

B The selection and breeding process was continued for many generations.

The offspring with the largest and most grains were selected.
C
These plants were bred with each other again.

The two wild wheat plants with the largest and most grains were originally
D
selected.

Write the letters of the sentences in order so that they describe the process of selective breeding.

[2]

(b) Girrafes have evolved by a process of natural selection.

They have evolved from leaf-eating animals that did not have long necks.

Read these sentences about natural selection.

A These animals had an advantage because they get more food.

B Animals with a longer neck were able to reach leaves higher up in trees.

C After many generations most animals had long necks.

D Their offspring inherited the genes for longer necks.

 E These animals were more likely to survive and breed with each other.

Write the letters of these sentences in order so that they describe the process of natural selection.

One has been done for you.

[2]

(c) In which part of a cell is the genetic material found?

.........................................................................................................................................................[1]

3. Joe uses the enzyme amylase to brake down starch into sugar.

(a) His graph shows how pH affects the rate of the breakdown of starch.

50

40

rate of the 30
breakdown of
starch in
arbitrary units 20

10

0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
pH

(i) Use information from his graph to complete the sentence.

As the pH increases the rate of the breakdown of starch ............................................................

..................................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) At what pH is the rate of the breakdown of starch the highest?

..........................................................[1]

(b) State one variable that Joe has to keep constant in order to get the results shown in the graph.

.........................................................................................................................................................[1]
 (c) What is an enzyme?

.........................................................................................................................................................[1]

4. The diagram shows some of the organs in the respiratory system.

(a) Name parts X and Y.

part X .....................................................

part Y .....................................................
[1]

(b) Gaseous exchange takes place inside organ Y.

What gases are exchanged?

.............................................. and ............................................... [1]

(c) The rib cage moves when you breathe in and out.

Complete the table to show how the rib cage moves.

Put one tick () in each row.

activity moves up and out moves down and in

breathing in

breathing out
[1]

(d) Write one other function of the rib cage.

.........................................................................................................................................................[1]
5. The diagrams show a healthy plant and a wilting plant.

The table shows the volume of water entering and leaving four different plants in one day.

water entering the water leaving the

plant
plant / cm3 plant / cm3

A 15 15

B 21 14

C 5 16

D 24 22

(a) Which plant, A, B, C or D, will be the first to wilt?

.......................... [1]

(b) Alwin plans an investigation to find out if plants lose more water as the temperature increases.

(i) State the variable that he needs to change in his investigation.

................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Suggest one variable that Alwin should keep the same in his investigation.

................................................................................ [1]
6. The diagram shows a flower.

(a) Which part of the flower produces pollen?

................................................................................ [1]

(b) Which part of the flower receives the pollen?

................................................................................ [1]

(c) How can you tell that this flower is pollinated by an insect?

Write two reasons.

reason 1 ...............................................................................................................................

reason 2 ............................................................................................................................... [2]

7. The drawing below shows two organisms labelled A and B.

(a) Using the letter A or B, say which organism is

1 the predator .......................................................

2 the prey ....................................................... [1]

(b) The diagram below shows part of the food web in an oak wood.

(i) Name the producer in this food web.

................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Write down a complete food chain from the web with exactly four organisms in it.

................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) From what source does the oak tree obtain its energy?

................................................................................................................................................... [1]
8. (a) The drawing shows six different animals.

1 2 3

Not to
scale

5 6
4

Study the six drawings carefully.

Use your observations and your knowledge of animals to complete the table:

Features

Animal External Segmented

Jointed legs
Group name number(s) skeleton body
Arthropods

Jellyfish group 5 and 6   

True worms

(i) Group each animal by writing its number in the box next to its group name.
[2]

(ii) Fill in the rest of the table by putting a tick  or a cross  in each of the empty boxes.
[2]

(b) The picture shows a frog.

Underline the three words in the list that are used to classify this living thing.

vertebrate animal plant invertebrate

amphibian mammal insect protist
[3]
9. The picture shows a brown bear catching fish.

(a) What name is given to an animal which hunts and kills its food?

........................................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Look at the picture.

Write down two ways in which the brown bear is adapted to catching its food.

1. .................................................................................................................................................

2. ................................................................................................................................................. [2]

10. (a) Draw lines to match the system in the human body to its main organ.

System main organ

respiratory brain

nervous heart

circulatory lungs
[1]

(b) What is the function of:

(i) the digestive system

........................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) the skeletal system

........................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................[1]
11. The diagram shows a flowering plant.

Complete the table to show the name and function of parts A, B and C.

Name of plant organ Function

B
C
[3]

12. (a) The diagram shows the flower of a sunflower.

Plants produce flowers to carry out a living process.

Which living process are flowers specially designed to do?

Underline the correct answer.

excretion feeding growth reproduction

[1]

(b) Name the process by which living things obtain energy from food.

.......................................................................................................................................................... [1]
13. The diagram shows a simple food chain.

cabbages caterpillars thrush hawk

(a) The cabbage plants are described as the producer in the food chain. What does this mean?

.........................................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) How many trophic levels are there in the food chain above?

.........................................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) What does the arrow between the cabbages and caterpillars represent?

.........................................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) When the organisms in the food chain die, they will decay / decompose.
Name two types of organisms which bring about decay.

1. ........................................................................................

2. ........................................................................................ [2]

14. The diagram shows a food web.

(a) What is the source of energy for this food web?

.........................................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) A farmer sprays his plants with insecticide to kill the aphids. How will this affect the population of
blue tits? Explain your answer.

.............................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................[2]