POSITION PAPER

Delegation: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Committee: International Atomic Energy Agency
Topic A: The Nuclear Programs of Iran and North Korea

In 1945, the world faced the power of a nuclear bomb detonation. 22 000 civilians died on
the first day and subsequent deaths rised to 17 000, which meant a lost of 22% of the population 1;
on top of that, 8 years later, the Soviet Union tested a thermonuclear weapon more than 2,000 times
more powerful that the Nagasaki bomb. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is utterly concerned that
these events will occur ever again, therefore, about the nature of the lack of knowledge on the
Nuclear Programs of Iran and North Korea. North Korea is a nation with a government based on its
military force which openly declares its possession of Nuclear Weapons and has held only nuclear
test during the 21th century despite having sign the Nuclear Ban Treaty. On the other hand, Iran
continues to be a part of the IAEA by refusing all allegations on a Nuclear Weapons Program;
nevertheless, they have failed to declare two nuclear power plants which contained vast amounts of
not-declared enriched uranium and materials which have led to suspicions from the international
community. Although several sanctions have been placed, nothing appears to be changing in either
State’s policies. Therefore, it is the International Atomic Energy Agency’s duty to regain
conversations and apply measures to assure the remaining States their national security and to
prevent the start of a nuclear armament race.
The Kingdom reaffirms its commitment to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (1988), by
which agrees to never acquire or develop nuclear weapons. Furthermore it has signed a
Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement () as well as a Small Quantities Protocol (2005), to undergo
IAEA’s requests regarding transparency of the nuclear program and proper verifications of the
material possessed. As a country in constant conflict with the Islamic Republic of Iran, Saudi
Arabia remains in especially vulnerable situation: whether Iran is involved in the development of
nuclear weapons, the conflicts currently and futuristically taking place would worsen, and affect the
goal that our representatives have supported for several years, for the Middle East to become a
Nuclear Weapon Free Zone. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia recognizes the efforts made by the UN
to resume negotiations with these countries, by means such as the Six Party Talks which have been
taking place for 8 years, and to derive the matter to the Security Council which has applied three
rounds of sanctions to Iran (S/RES/1696), (S/RES/1747) and (S/RES/1803), related to the blocking
of access to nuclear-related materials and put and economic vise on the Iranian government to
compel it to end its uranium-enrichment program; as well as to the DPRK by passing a resolution
(S/RES/1718) to impose of an embargo on military and technological materials and luxury goods as
well as a set of financial sanctions according to the Chapter VII of the Charter of the United
Nations.
In regards of the unresolved issue, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is in favor of applying
economic sanctions and diplomatic pressure to non-complying countries, provided that the non-
compliance is proved. Suspicions are not enough to deny a country the enormous benefits of nuclear
energy. Thereupon, we propose the Guide to Historical Non-Compliance (GHIN), which will be an
institutionalized procedure the IAEA will follow and which will involve three phases. During the
first one, the failure to comply with the IAEA Safeguards will have to be proven by using and index
that will calculate the amount of uranium any State can possess according to their breakout time or
time in which it will be able to develop a nuclear weapon. The Ur-Index will take into account the
amount and generation of the centrifuges possessed, which can lead to a variation in the breakout
time. Moreover, the second phase will involve negotiation and diplomatic pressure, whilst in the
third phase the issue will be derived to the Security Council for it to apply the corresponding
sanctions while looking for negotiations on more severe safeguards terms. Through this program,
the Kingdom expects to eliminate the subjectivity regarding nuclear programs and to restore
communication with countries with whom a consensus needs to be achieved. Everything is
negotiable. Whether the negotiation is easy is another thing.

1
World Nuclear Association