RD-3510 Cantilever Beam with Bolt Pretension

This tutorial demonstrates how to simulate a simple cantilever problem with a concentrated load at the
free end, using Dynamic Relaxation (/DYREL) method to obtain a static solution.

Model Description

• UNITS: Length (mm), Time (ms), Mass (kg), Force (kN) and Stress (GPa)
• Simulation time:
o CANTILEVER_0001.rad [0 – 35.1 ms]
o CANTILEVER_0002.rad [35.1 – 45.01 ms]
• Steps to setup this model:
Fix the Cantilever Beam to the support with a 10 kN pre-tension. The bolt attains 10 kN in 10 ms and
o remains constant thereafter.
After Pre-tension, a concentrated load of 0.2 kN is gradually applied at the free end of the beam from
o 10 ms to 25 ms and it remains constant thereafter.
• Material used:
Elasto-plastic Material /MAT/LAW2.
• = 7.83e-6 Kg/mm3 [Rho_I] Initial density
• E = 205 GPa [E] Young’s modulus
• = 0.29
[nu] Poisson’s ratio
• 0 = 0.792 GPa
[a] Yield Stress
• K = 0.510 GPa
• [b] Hardening Parameter
n = 0.26
• max = 0.95 GPa [n] Hardening Exponent
• c = 0.014 GPa [SIG_max] Maximum Stress
• =1 [c] Strain rate coefficient

[EPS_0] Reference strain rate

Input file for this
• tutorial: cantilever.hm

Exercise

Step 1: Load the RADIOSS User Profile

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1. Launch HyperMesh Desktop.

2. From the Preferences menu, select the User Profiles or from the toolbar, click on the icon.
3. Select RADIOSS (Block110) and click OK.

Step 2: Load the cantilever.hm file

1. Click the Open Model icon and browse to select the cantilever.hm file.
2. Click Open.
The model loads into the graphics area.

Step 3: Create a rigid body connecting spring ends to Bolt Support component
1. Access the Components panel in one of the following ways:
• Right-click in the Model Browser and select Create > Component

The Create component dialog appears.

• From the Collectors drop-down, select Create > Components
• From the toolbar, click the component icon.
2. For Name:, enter Rigids.
3. Click Create.
4. Click return to exit the panel.
5. In the Model browser, hide the component Plate.
6. Go to Tool page in the panel, then select mask panel, and select elems.
7. In the graphics area, select one element from the bolt.
8. Click on elems > by attached to select the whole bolt.
9. Click mask to hide them and click return.

10. Go to 1D page and select rigids panel.

11. Click the selector arrow nodes 2-n: and select multiple nodes.
In the rigids panel, for primary node select the node at the end of spring, as shown in Fig 1 and
12. for nodes 2-n, select the nodes as shown in Fig 2.

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Fig 1

Fig 2

13. With all the DOF’s checked, click create to create the rigid body.
14. Use Steps 3.10 through 3.13 to complete the rigid for the second bolt, as shown below.

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15. Press F5 and click reverse to show remaining elements of the bolt and click return to exit the panel.
16. Double-click the SPRING component in the model browser to display it onscreen, as shown below.
Use Steps 3.10 through 3.13 to create a rigid body with the nodes shown in the following image with
17. the other ends of the springs as the primary node and the nodes on the bolts as slave nodes.

Step 4: Create and assign material, property to Plate and Support bolts
1. In the Model Browser, click PLATE, then click Edit from the context sensitive menu.
2. Make sure card image = is set to Part.
3. To create and assign material to the component, click the Material tab.
4. Check the Assign material check box.
For Name, enter STEEL, set Type to ELASTIC PLASTIC and Card
5. image at M2_PLAS_JOHNS_ZERIL.
6. Click Create material.

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Enter the values, as shown

7. below.
Rho_I = kg/mm3
7.83x10 -

E = 205 GPa

Nu = 0.29 -

a = 0.792 GPa

b = 0.510 GPa

n = 0.26 -

EPS_max 1x1030 -

SIG_max = 0.95 GPa

c = 0.014 s-1

EPS_0 = 1.0 -

8. Return to the component dialog.

The created material is assigned to the component.
9. To create and assign properties to the component, click on the Property tab.
10. For Name, enter PLATE, set Type to VOLUME and Card image to P14_SOLID.
11. Click Create property.
12. Select ISOLID and then select 14.
13. Individually, click i, j, and k, and for each, enter 2.
14. Click Ismstr and switch it to 2.
15. Return to the component panel.
The created property is assigned to the parts.
16. Click Update to update the selected parts with new property and material card.
17. Right-click on the BOLT_SUPPORT component and select Assign.
18. For Material select Steel and for Property select Plate. Click OK to exit the dialog box.

Step 5: Update properties for Pre-tensioner Spring

1. Click XYPlots > Curve Editor.
A new GUI appears.
2. Click New....
3. For Name, enter stiffness in the panel and click proceed.
4. Ensure that the new curve is selected in the curve list and enter the values as shown below:
x = {0, 10, 250}
y = {0, 10, 10}
5. Click Update to see the curve in the GUI and click Close to finish entering the curve.
6. In the Model Browser, select the component Spring > Edit from the context sensitive menu.
7. Click on the Property tab.
8. Check Assign Property and enter CELAS1 for the Name.
9. Set Type = to LINE.
10. Set Card image = to P32_SPR_PRE.
11. Click Create property.
12. Enter the values as shown below:

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Note: For IFUN2 select the curve that you created in Steps 5.1 through 5.5.
13. Click return twice to exit the panel.
14. Click Update to assign the component with property.

Step 6: Defining Boundary Conditions to fix bottom of the BOLT_SUPPORT

1. From the Utility browser, start the BC’s Manager.
2. For Name, enter FIXED, set Select type to Boundary Condition and set GRNOD to Nodes.

Click on the nodes, nodes selection appears; by window option, select the bottom layer of the bolt
3. support, as shown below and the selection should appear as below in XY Plane view:

4. Fix all translational degrees of freedom.

5. Click Create to create the constraint.

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The created constraint appears in the table also handle appear in graphics.

Step 7: Defining the load (CLOAD) of the edge of the beam

1. From the Utility browser, start the BC’s Manager.
2. For Name, enter LOAD, set Select type to Concentrated Load and set GRNOD to Nodes.
3. Select the nodes in the edge of the beam as shown in the image below by window option.

4. For Direction, select X.

5. For Scale Y, set -1.0 to apply load in negative X direction.
6. Click the Create/Select curve tab.
A GUI to enter curve appears.
Create a curve with name LOAD and enter the values as below using the same procedure explained in
7. Step 5.
x = {0, 10, 25, 250}
y = {0, 0, 0.02, 0.02}
8. Return from the XY curve editor GUI, the created curve is assigned to the BC.
9. Click create to finish the creation of the load at the selected nodes.

Step 8: Define master surfaces for self contact

1. Go to Analysis page, click contactsurfs panel.
2. Go to solid faces subpanel.
In Model Browser, using the components display option, display only the
3. parts PLATE and SUPPORT_BOLT.
4. For name =, enter Master_Set.
5. Set card image = to surfSeg.
With elems entity selector active and using a left view, select the elements shown in the graphic area,
6. as shown in the following image:

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Toggle nodes on face option, and select the nodes belonging to the elements you selected in the
7. previous sub-step.

8. Click create.
9. Click return to exit the panel.

Step 9: Define slave nodes for self contact

1. From the Analysis page, select entity sets panel.
2. For name =, enter Slave_Set.
3. Set card image = to GRNOD.
4. Toggle formula.
5. Click create.

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6. Select entity > contactsurfs.

7. Click contactsurf and select Master_Set.
8. Click select > add.
9. Click return to exit the panel.

Step 10: Define a Type7 contact interface between Plate and Support_Bolt
1. Go to Analysis page, click interfaces panel and toggle the create subpanel.
2. For name =, enter SELF.
3. Set type = to TYPE7.
4. Set card image = to TYPE7.
5. Click create.
6. Toggle the add subpanel.
7. For master, use the pull-down and select csurfs as the entity.
8. Click the yellow contactssurfs button and select Master_set.
9. Click select > update.
10. For slave, use the pull-down and select sets as the entity.
11. Click the yellow sets button and select Slave_Set.
12. Click select > update.
13. Toggle the card image subpanel.
14. Click edit.
15. Select Igap = and select 0.
16. For FRIC=, enter 0.1 and for GAPmin =, enter 0.04.
17. Click return twice exit the panel.

Step 11: Create time history to obtain displacement at free end

1. Go to Analysis page, then go to output block panel.
For name =, enter Deflection and select the node on the free end of the cantilever, as shown in the
2. following image:

3. Click create.
4. Click edit and enter the variable name DEF.

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5. Click return twice to exit the panel.

Step 12: Create output request and control cards

1. From the Utility browser, select Engine File.
The following GUI appears.
2. Enter values as shown in the images below:

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3. Click Apply > Close.

Step 13: Export the model

1. Click File > Export or click the Export icon .

2. For File:, click the folder icon and navigate to the destination directory where you want to run.
3. For Name, enter cantilever and click Save.
4. Click the downward-pointing arrows next to Export options to expand the panel.
5. Click Merge starter and engine file to export both the Starter and Engine file in one file.
6. Click Export to export both model and engine file.

Step 14: Run the Starter and Engine using RADIOSS Manager
1. Go to Start > Programs > Altair HyperWorks 12.0 > RADIOSS.
2. For Input file, browse to the exercise folder and select the file cantilever_0000.rad.

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3. Post-process the results with HyperView.

4. Using HyperGraph, open the T01 file and plot the deflection at the free end of the cantilever.

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