Free Space Optical (FSO) LASER Audio Communication System

Submitted by
Mr. Naveed Shahzad Registration No# SUIT-14-01-076-0012

Mr. Muhammad Amin Registration No# SUIT-14-01-076-0010

Mr. Faisal Jamal Registration No# SUIT-14-01-076-0009

Supervised by
Mr. Engineer Shaheed Ur Rehman

SARHAD UNIVERSITY EDUCATION CENTRE KOHAT ( AL NOOR COLLEGE OF

EBNGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY).
NEAR HIGHWAY BRIDGE OPPOSITE UET KOHAT CAMPUS PINDI ROAD KOHAT
PH: 0922-211569 MOB: 0333-9983493, 0337-0685085
1. Introduction and background:
A free space Optical (FSO) LASER Communication Link usually referred to as fourth generation
systems is presented. Actually this project deals with development of a full-duplex FSO
Analogue/Digital transceiver. In this information age the demand for high speed, high bandwidth
communications channel is ever increasing.

All modern day optical fiber communication is based on ancient system. The functioning Laser
was first operated by Theodore H. Maiman in May 16, 1960 and first visible light laser diode
was demonstrated by Nick in almost 1960 and latter it was improved by several scientist of the
world including USA at IBM, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Texas in 1962.

2. Problem Statement:
Those places where we haven’t any another signals or any another communication systems so for
that places we can utilize laser light for communication and for this purpose we are designing
this project.

3. Objectives:
3.1 To provide simple and cheap wireless communication for larger data rate with less
distortion.
3.2 To reduce the complexity for communication in the places where optical fiber or any
wired communication is very difficult and expensive.
3.3 We have two circuit Transmitter and Receiver , transmitter will use to transmit the
voice signal through laser light and receiver will use to receive the signal through photo
diode or photo transistor and these signals will be receive with the help of photo diode
or photo transistor on speaker.
4. Scope of the project:
This project will easily give a communication distance of several hundred meters, and with a
parabolic light reflector, up to several kilometers. It transmits high quality audio and the link is
virtually impossible for anyone else to tap into.

5. Literature Review:
Laser communication is a modern technology in the world of communication where bandwidth
allocation, power requirement, and dispersion parameter are becoming major hurdle due to rapid
increase in number of user. So considering these facts we put our interest in this project. There
were various methods for implementing this project but due to scarcity of resources,
components, we decided to use simple modulation and demodulation techniques. Hence we have
designed communication system based on LASER that could be implemented commercially
facilitating the general people in terms of convenient friendly system. Also it reduces the
complexity for communication in some cases where optical fiber or any wired communication is
very difficult and expensive. Laser Communication System works on the principle of “Amplitude
Modulation” process. In this the amplitude of the carrier is varied according to the instantaneous
amplitude of the modulating signal (Input Signal ).

Here,
“Carrier Signal refers to Laser Beam”
“Amplitude refers to Intensity of Laser Beam”
“Input Signal refers to audio signal”

Hence, The intensity of the laser beam is varied according to the instantaneous value of audio
signal and the same is sensed by the optical sensor at the receiver.

6. Methodology:
In this project we use two circuits Transmitter and receiver , for the purpose of transmitting of
signals we design transmitter and transmit the signals through laser light and for receiving
purpose utilize photo diode or photo transistor . In this project we use different types of
components with different types of ratings such as Resistors (6.8kΩ, 4.7kΩ, 4.70kΩ , 1kΩ) etc.
Variable resistor (10kΩ). Different types of capacitor with different types of ratings, printed
circuit board, Loud speaker etc.
 7. Project Components:
7.1 Components List Transmitter
Resistors
Capacitors
Transistors
Potentiometers
UA-741 IC
Laser
Condenser
7.2 Components List Receiver
Resistors
Capacitors
Potentiometers
Transistors
LM-386 IC
Speaker
Phototransistor

8. Block diagram:

Pre- Amplifier LASER

U
Audio
amplifier Driver
LASE
R

Speaker Amplifier Pre- LASER

Speaker
Driver amplifier Sensor

Block Diagram Representation of Audio Transceiver

9. Tentative Work plan:

Study of Literature One Week
Analysis of Proposed Scheme Two Weeks
Collection of material One week
 Preparation of Scheme/Model Two Weeks
Implementation of Scheme/Model Two Weeks
Analysis and Simulation One week
Result Formation One Week
Final Write-up & Thesis Submission Two Weeks

9.1 Proposed Time schedule

Weeks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Study of Literature
Analysis of Proposed Scheme
Collection of material
Preparation of Scheme/Model
Implementation of Scheme/Model
Analysis and Simulation
Result Formation
Final Write-up & Thesis
Submission

10. References:
[1]. Harry J. R. Dutton (1999), Understanding Optical Communications
[2]. Dettmer, R. "A ray of light" IEE Review, Volume: 47 Issue: 2, March 2001 Page(s): 32 -33
[3]. H.A. Willebrand and B.S. Ghuman, “Fiber optics without fiber”, IEEE Spectrum, Aug 01,
p.40
[4]. Dr. Michael Connelly (1999), Optical Fibre: Communications Highway for the
21st Century
[5]. Acampora, A.S. and Krishnamurthy, S.V. “A broadband wireless access network based on
mesh-connected free- space optical links” IEEE Personal Communications [see also IEEE
Wireless Communications], Volume: 6 Issue: 5,
Oct 1999 Page(s): 62 –65
[6]. Chinlon Lin, Kung-Li Deng and Chun-Kit Chan “Broadband optical access networks”,
Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2001. CLEO/Pacific Rim 2001. The 4th Pacific Rim Conference on,
Volume: 2, 2001 Page(s): II-576 -II-577 vol.2
[7]. H. Willebrand and B. S. Ghuman, Free Space Optics: Enabling Optical Connectivity in
Today’s Networks, Sams Publishing, 2002.
[8]. Christopher C. Davis, Igor I. Smolyaninov, and Stuart D. Milner, “Flexible Optical Wireless
Links and Networks,” IEEE Communications Magazine, March 2003.
[9]. Andy Dorman, (2004), Wireless Optics: Fiber Is Cheap, But Space Is Free, Network
Magazine (September 2004)
[10]. J. E. Padgett, C. G. Gunther and T. Hattori, “Overview of wireless personal
 Statement of Submission

This is certifying that Naveed Shahzad Registration No# SUIT-14-01-076-0012, Muhammad

Amin Registration No# SUIT-14-01-076-0010, Faisal Jamal Registration No# SUIT-14-01-
076-0009, have successfully completed the final project proposal named as “Free Space Optical
(FSO) LASER audio Communication System” at the Sarhad University of Science &
Information Technology, Peshawar, to fulfill the partial requirement of the degree of B- Tech
Electrical.

______________________ ____________________
External Supervisor Internal Supervisor
Name of External Supervisor SUIT, Peshawar
Designation
Organization Name

______________________ ___________________
External Examiner Dean, Faculty of_____
Name of External Examiner SUIT, Peshawar
Designation
Organization Name
 APPROVAL SHEET

We approve the project proposal of Naveed Shahzad , Muhammad Amin, and Faisal Jamal
Under the title “Free Space Optical ( FSO) LASER Audio Communication System”
submitted to Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of B- Tech in Electrical discipline.

Internal Supervisor ________________

Engineer Mr. Shaheed ur Rehaman Signature and Date

Director/ Center Manager of Study Center

SARHAD UNIVERSITY EDUCATION CENTRE KOHAT ( AL NOOR COLLEGE OF

EBNGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY).
NEAR HIGHWAY BRIDGE OPPOSITE UET KOHAT CAMPUS PINDI ROAD KOHAT
PH: 0922-211569 MOB: 0333-9983493, 0337-0685085