Engleză – Psihologie – 11.oct.

2016

I. GRAMMAR1 : TENSES

1. Be and have: revision test. Put the words in the right order:

1. problem/ seems/ to/ there/ be/ a/ …………………………………………………...

2. much/ soup/ is/ there/ in/ salt/ the/ too/………………………………………………
3. snow/ is/ to/ tomorrow/ there/ likely/ be/…………………………………………….
4. any/ I/ there/ don’t/ to/ want/ be/ trouble/ ……………………………………………
5. any/ for/ letters/ me/ there/ were/? …………………………………………………..
6. with/ wrong/ something/ there/ is/ car/ the/………………………………………….
7. singing/ the/ bus/ was/ a/ woman/ there/ on/…………………………………………
8. shout/ to/ there/ no/ need/ is/ ………………………………………………………...
9. must/ somebody/ be/ there/ home/ at/………………………………………………..
10. there/ an/ exam/ next/ will/ week/ be/ ?…………………………………………….

2. Be and have: revision test. Correct (v) or not (x)?

1. There might be snow tomorrow………..

2. I would like that there is good weather for my holiday. …….
3. It’s a big dog in the garden. ……….
4. Are you having a good time? ………
5. We’ve got too much work. ………….
6. Are you having any brothers or sisters? ………..
7. How much money do you have got? ……………
8. Did you have a good journey? …………..
9. I’m going to have a talk with John………

3. Present simple and Present Continuous - Choose the correct form:

1. Vegetarians are people who don’t eat/are not eating meat.

1
Michael Swan & Catherine Walter. Oxford English Grammar Course. Intermediate. OUP, 2011.
2. Look out! My husband comes/is coming.
3. Some people still think the sun goes/is going round the earth.
4. I play/’m playing tennis every weekend.
5. Who sits/’s sitting in my chair?
6. What happens/is happening in golf if you lose the ball?
7. An alcoholic is a person who drinks/is drinking too much and can’t stop.
8. Look! She wears/She’s wearing the same shoes as me.
9. ‘What are you looking/do you look at?’ ‘A strange bird’.
10. I stay/’m staying with John for a few weeks until my flat’s ready.

4. Present simple and Present Continuous - Put in the correct tense:

1. I…………………………………………………………………he’s away. (think)

2. You …………………what I ……………………………………….(know; mean)
3. Your sister………………………………………………………….you. (look like).
4. I…………………..we………………………………………a mistake. (feel; make)
5. While the butter ……………………, you ………………… three eggs and
……………………………………………. them into a bowl. (melt; take; break)
6. I…………………………………………………………about the weekend. (think)
7. Scientists…………………….the weather………………………..(believe; change)
8. I………………………………………………………what the problem is. (not see)
9. Why ……………………………………………………..at me like that? (you look)
10. Now I………………………………………………..what she wants. (understand)

5. Present simple and Present Continuous - Choose the correct form:

1. What sort of work do you do/are you doing?

2. I can’t talk now. I cook/I’m cooking dinner.
3. What shall we have? Do you like/Are you liking fish?
4. Can I borrow this typewriter? Or do you use/are you using it?
5. What do the people here do/are the people here doing in the evenings?
6. Follow that bus. Then you turn/are turning left.
7. A lot of people think that the Sun goes/is going around the Earth.
8. Excuse me, do you read/are you reading your newspaper? Could I borrow it?
9. Do you wait/Are you waiting for the bus to Newcastle?
10. Andy builds/is building his own house in the country.

6. Past Tense – Put in the correct forms:

E.g.: At 6.00 this morning I was having a wonderful dream, but then the alarm went off.
(have; go)
This time yesterday I was lying on the beach. (lie)

1. When I walked in they ………………………………………about babies. (all talk)

2. I……………………………………………………….in Paris for a long time. (live)
3. I saw Sid when I ………………to work. He ………………………...(come; shop)
4. She ……………………..Jim while she………………………………(meet; travel)
5. While I …………………….to Mrs. Singleton, somebody …………………… into my
office and ……………………………………...the computer. (talk; walk; steal)
6. When Jake …………………in everybody……………………talking. (come; stop)
7. I ………………………. out of the window and ……………… that we …………………
…………………………… over the mountains. (look; see; fly)
8. I…………………………up to find that water………………through the bedroom ceiling.
(wake; pour)
9. He……………………….his leg while he …………………..football. (break; play)

7. Past Tense - Correct or not?

E.g.: When you woke me I had a wonderful dream. was having

This time yesterday I was playing tennis. correct

1. When I got to the party everybody had a great time. ………….

2. When Columbus left Europe, he thought he sailed to India. ………….
3. Everybody was knowing that she was unhappy. ………….
4. We lived in New York when I was small. ………….
5. Did you want to pay now? ………….
6. I was learning the violin at school. ………….
7. Where I grew up, nobody was having a car. …………..
8. We were on the wrong road. It went to Birmingham, not to Manchester.…………
9. When I was seeing Joe, he was talking to Angela. ………….
10. I broke my leg while I was skiing. …………..

8. Past Tense – Make these sentences less direct:

E.g.: We wonder if you feel like coming out with us.

We wondered if you felt like coming out with us.
I think you will like to see my holiday photos.
I thought you would like to see my holiday photos.

1. How many days do you intend to stay? ………………………………………

2. Can you give me a hand? ………………………………………
3. We can ask Peter to help us. ………………………………………
4. I think it will be a good idea to invite Simon. ……………………………
5. I wonder if you need any help. ……………………………

9. Past Tense – Complete the text with the verbs in the box (there is one

verb too many). You will need five past continuous and three simple pasts.

ask come dance grin hold not dance order play throw

On the dance floor half a dozen couples (1)……………………themselves around. Most of

them (2)…………………...cheek to cheek, if dancing is the word. The men wore white
tuxedos and the girls wore bright eyes, ruby lips, and tennis or golf muscles. One couple
(3)……………………cheek to cheek. Mitchell’s mouth was open, he (4)…………………,
his face was red and shiny, and his eyes had that glazed look. Betty (5)………………… her
head as far as she could get away from him without breaking her neck. It was very obvious
that she had had about all of Mr. Larry Mitchell that she could take. A Mexican waiter in a
short green jacket and white pants with a green stripe down the side (6)………………up and I
(7)……………….a double Gibson and (8)……………….if I could have a club sandwich.

10. Past Tense - Choose the correct form:

a) While Diana watched/was watching her favorite television program, there was a power-
cut.
b) Tom used to live/ would live in the house at the end of the street.
c) Who was driving/drove the car at the time of the accident?
d) I did/was doing some shopping yesterday, when I saw that Dutch friend of yours.
e) I used to like/was liking sweets much more than I do now.
f) What exactly were you doing/did you do when I came into your office yesterday?
g) Tanya would/used to be a doctor.

II. VOCABULARY: GENERAL – LIVING SPACE2

1. Complete each sentence with a word from the box:

carpet curtains cushion drawer pillow radiator

sofa socket

a) Is that chair comfortable, or would you like to use a cushion?

b) Mark couldn’t use his computer as there wasn’t a ……………………..in the room.
c) This house has central heating, and there’s a ………………………..in every room.
d) I was so tired that I fell asleep as soon as my head touched the…………………….
e) Could you draw the……………………..? Someone is staring through the window.
f) My bedroom has a fitted……………………………..which covers the whole floor.
g) The knives and forks are in the second…………………………………..on the left.
h) Come over here and sit next to me on the ………………………………………….

2. Each sentence contains an inappropriate word or phrase. Underline this

word, and then replace it with a word or phrase from the box:

bookcase chimney fence floor gate window step towel

a) Unfortunately the ball hit the house and broke a glass. window
2
Michael Vince & Paul Emmerson. Intermediate Language Practice with Key. English Grammar and
Vocabulary. Macmillan, 2003.
b) I washed my hands in the bathroom and dried them with a cloth. ………..
c) There was a small wooden door leading into the field. ………..
d) As I sat down at the kitchen table, I knocked my cup onto the ground. ………..
e) In the corner of Joe’s room was a small library for his books. ……….
f) All round the garden there was a high wooden wall. ……….
g) On the roof tops Tina could see a tall fireplace pouring out smoke. ……….
h) The floor of the kitchen is a bit lower, so mind the stair. ……….

3. Choose the correct word in each sentence:

a) Will you be at home/at house later this evening?

b) Paul’s room is at the top of the stairs/steps opposite the bathroom.
c) Can you remember to clean the wash-basin/sink in the bathroom?
d) The rooms downstairs are so low I can touch the roof/ceiling.
e) Tony is a keen cooker/cook and always uses an electric cooker/cook.
f) You’ll find plates in the cupboard/wardrobe next to the fridge.
g) Ann was sitting at/to her desk, but Chris was sitting in/on an armchair.
h) I won’t be long. I’m just going upstairs for a bath/a bathe.
i) Lisa didn’t like doing homework/housework, so she paid a cleaner.
j) Under the house there’s a cave/cellar where we keep our old things.

4. Complete the sentences with a compound word formed from two words

in the box. One word is used twice:

arm ash basin bed bin book case chair dish down
dust flower hole key room stairs tray wash washer

a) It’s very cold in my bedroom, and I find it hard to sleep.

b) Sarah spent all afternoon sitting in a large ………………………in front of the TV.
c) I left my socks soaking in the ……………………………………...in the bathroom.
d) Do you think you could put all your rubbish outside in the ………………………..?
e) There’s a beautiful ………………………….full of roses right outside my window.
f) Don’t worry about the washing-up. We’ll put everything in the ……………………
g) I can’t open the front door. Something is stuck in the ………………………………
h) If you really insist on smoking, please use this ……………………………………..
i) Can you come………………………………? There’s someone at the door for you.
j) In this …………………………………….are the dictionaries and an encyclopedia.

5. Complete each sentence with a verb from the box in a suitable form.

You can use a verb more than once:

drop finish get look move put take turn

a) I’ve got nowhere to stay tonight. Can you put me up?

b) We’ve bought a new house but we can’t ……………………....in until next month.
c) Adrian doesn’t ……………………on with his neighbors, because they’re so noisy.
d) Jan likes cooking, but she says it……………………………….up a lot of her time.
e) Don’t forget to……………………………..off the television before you go to bed.
f) Helen has done most of the decorating and plans to ……………….it off tomorrow.
g) I have a large room, and it ……………………………..out onto a beautiful garden.
h) Karen and Mike live next door and they often…………………………in for a chat.

III. VOCABULARY: SPECIFIC: Read and translate

What kind of decision-maker are you?

Every decision you make is a battle between intuition and logic and, whether you make snap
judgements or dither about for ages, weighing up the pros and cons depends on your
personality type. But we can learn from both, decides Lizzie Enfield

Finishing this article, my computer prompts me: ‘Do you want to save this document?’. I do,
which is why I press ‘save’, but now that it’s questioning my decisions, so am I. Do I really
want to save it? Is it even good enough? Or should I just start again? Oh dear…

I’m notoriously indecisive. Ask me if I want a cup of tea or coffee and I won’t give you an
immediate answer, even though I don’t actually drink coffee. To plump for one beverage
option without giving the other due thought seems ill-advised.
Deciding what to wear, or what to have for breakfast often makes me late for work. The next
decision on my list is where to have a family holiday next year. Will we go abroad or stay in
the UK? There are advantages and disadvantages to both choices. I am torn between the two.

My husband, however, is decisive. He walked into our current house, took one look around
and decided to offer the asking price, while I was wondering whether the reasonably sized
garden compensated for the tiny bathroom. Once he’s made a decision, he won’t agonise over
whether it was right or not – he’ll just get on with it.

Intuition versus logic

Sometimes our different approaches help us to reach ‘good’ decisions, while at other times
they lead to arguments that go around in circles.

The good thing is, I am not alone. People are as different in the way they make their decisions
as they are in their preferences for drinking tea or coffee, and both our make-up and our
psyches affect the way we go about it.

According to psychologists, every decision we take, every judgement we make, is a battle

between intuition and logic: a struggle between the part of our mind that analyses a problem
then comes up with a rational solution, and the part that is responsible for ‘gut feelings’ and
more intuitive.

Interestingly, no matter how rational we think we are, most of our decisions are made by our
intuitive mind, which is faster, more easily accessed, and tends to override our slower, logical
mind. On top of which, our thinking is riddled with systematic mistakes, known to
psychologists as ‘cognitive biases’.

There’s the present bias, which makes us focus on what’s happening now; the confirmation
bias, which makes us look for information that validates what we already know; and others
like the hindsight bias; the negativity bias; the loss-aversion bias; and so on.

To use the present bias as an example, if I ask you if you would like half a box of chocolates
now, or a whole box tomorrow, more people are likely to go for half now. Despite the fact
that our rational brains tell us that waiting and getting more chocolate makes sense, our
intuitive brains are set to say: ‘Yum, chocolate, I want it now!’

Match the words with their synonyms:

intuition conclusion, resolve, determination

dither meditate on, deliberate about
decision guidance, instruction
thought prejudice, partiality
advice tendency to avoid losses
wonder instinct, hunch, impression,
suspicion
approach character, temper, personality
make-up knowledge, understanding
bias attitude, perspective, viewpoint
hindsight hesitate, teeter, oscilate
loss-aversion idea, notion, belief

Complete these sentences with the words given:

Intuition dither decision thought advice wonder
approach make-up bias hindsight loss-aversion

Every decision you make is a battle between ................. and logic.

[...] whether you make snap judgements or ................. about for ages.
I do, which is why I press ‘save’, but now that it’s questioning my ..................., so am I.
To plump for one beverage option without giving the other due ................. seems ill-
..................

He walked into our current house, took one look around and decided to offer the asking price,
while I was ................... whether the reasonably sized garden compensated for the tiny
bathroom.

Sometimes our different .................... help us to reach ‘good’ decisions.

People are as different in the way they make their decisions as they are in their preferences for
drinking tea or coffee, and both our ................ and our psyches affect the way we go about it.

To use the present .............. as an example, if I ask you if you would like half a box of
chocolates now, or a whole box tomorrow, more people are likely to go for half now.

There’s the present bias, which makes us focus on what’s happening now; the confirmation
bias, which makes us look for information that validates what we already know; and others
like the .................. bias; the negativity bias; the .......-.............. bias; and so on.