Child Car Alarm System

By

Jeffrey B. Berido

Jackai Bentillo Sagarino

Engr. Chris Jordan Aliac (Adviser)

A Project Design Presented in Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the Degree
BS COMPUTER ENGINEERING

CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

March 2016

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 Car Parking System

By

Jeffrey B. Berido

Jackai Bentillo Sagarino

Has been approved

March 2015

APPROVING COMMITTEE:

Name of Adviser Engr. Chris Jordan Aliac

Name of Panel 1 Engr. Chris Jordan Aliac
Name of Panel 2 Engr. Roel B. Lauron

ACCEPTED:

Roel B. Lauron

Chairman
Computer Engineering Department
Cebu Institute of Technology

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 ABSTRACT

There are times in a car, that in a hurry you didn’t notice that you’ve

already left someone behind what if you’ve left your baby inside the car alone and even

forget for a couple of minutes or hours and he/she still inside. The baby will suffocate or

heatstroke and worse of all even death. So we came up with this prevented system called

child car alarm system to help parents be aware that they’ve forgot there child at the

backseat and preventing accidents like suffocating in the car if not notice, with the use of

the image process like face – detection it will detect face if she/he is alone at the backseat

of the car and android software send signals to pic microcontroller to trigger the alarm

and automatically open the backseat window, accidents will be prevented. Project begins

with project proposal and approved by our instructors and discusses the plan of the

project. I first gathered the correct materials for the image process and android to pic

microcontroller interface to make sure the accuracy of the image process of the and send

signal to trigger the hardware side.

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I can do all things through Christ, which strengthens me and given me

wisdom while doing our project and giving us hope and faith that everything will be fine.

To our parents who are always there supporting us financially by giving us enough

money to buy the required materials. To those instructors who raised us to be what we are

now and for the knowledge they shared to us, last but not the least we would also like to

thank our classmates for sharing their ideas and in encouraging us to finish our project on

the promised schedule. Without all of them this project will remain a proposal.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………………..

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS …………………………………………………………..

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………….

1.1 Problem Background ……………………………………………….

1.2 Project Goal and Objectives …………………………………………

1.3 Significance of the Study ……………………………………………

1.4 Theoretical Background …………………………………………….

1.5 Review of Related Literature ……………………………………….

1.6 Definition of Terms …………………………………………………

CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………

2.1 Block Diagram ………………………………………………………

2.2 Project Management ………………………………………………...

2.3 Prototype Design ……………………………………………………

2.4 Circuit Design ………………………………………………………

2.5 Testing and Data Gathering ………………………………………..

CHAPTER 3 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS …………………….

CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ……………………

REFERENCES …………………………………………………………………....

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APPENDICES …………………………………………………………………….

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROBLEM BACKGROUND

Cars are convenient and safeties way to travel than motorbike. Research

says that there are more motorbike accidents than a car so it will be suited for family use.

But there are certain circumstances unnoticeable accidents may happen. Like when you

go to a shopping mall then there’s a sale and you’re in hurry to get outside the car and run

to the shopping mall and then after an hour you suddenly remember that your baby is

with you and left at the car so immediately run and rescue your baby but you’ve your

baby far too long that causes him/her to suffocate and heatstroke and worse of all death.

So with this problem, I and my teammates came up with an idea that will

help parent, guardians solve this problem. A prevented car alarm system using android

image processing will give an immediate warning to the person in the car that there is a

child or a person alone, still in the backseat of the car. It will trigger the alarm and open

the window at backseat automatically but if there’s two or more a child or person no

alarm will occur instead the backseat window will just open.

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1.2 PROJECT GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

We will create a system that will help in preventing these accidents to happen

again in any child that’s why we’re going to create this prevented child care alarm system

using an image process in an android phone this system will automatically face detect

either there’s a child or a person in the backseat alone. This android software when it is

verified that the child or a person is alone it will send a signal to the Bluetooth module to

triggered the alarm and automatically open the window at the backseat but if the picture

has to two or more person or child in it. It will only open the window at the backseat and

no alarm will occur.

In order for us to achieve the goal of our study. We need to receive the approval of

our instructors, comply all our increments and make the necessary documents for this

project.

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1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

A total of 527 heat-stroke-related fatalities to children left in cars have been reported

since 1998. On average, 38 children have died annually via this mechanism since 1998.

In 2011, 33 such cases were reported (Null, 2012). There has been a recent rise in

demand for technologies to prevent these deaths by reminding the caregiver that the child

is in the car, as about half of these children have inadvertently been forgotten. The

primary objective of the study was to evaluate products which claim they are designed to

prevent children up to 24 months old from being left behind in closed, parked vehicles,

which have the potential to result in heat stroke. This preliminary assessment was the first

of its kind to evaluate this kind of product. The efficacy of heat stroke prevention

technologies in image process the presence of a child in a child restraint and alerting the

caregiver if he or she walks away from the car without removing the child was evaluated.

The study also examined the effects of child posture and the time/child movement

associated with a typical commute on the efficacy of these devices.

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1.4 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

Computer Interfacing: In computing, an interface is a shared boundary across which

two separate components of computer system exchange information. The exchange can

be between software, computer hardware, peripheral devices, humans and combination of

these. Some computer hardware devices such as a mouse, microphone or joystick are one

way only.

Hardware Interface: Hardware interfaces exist in many of the components such as the

various buses, storage devices, other I/O devices, etc. A hardware interface is described

by the mechanical, electrical and logical signals at the interface and the protocol for

sequencing them (sometimes called signaling). A standard interface, such as SCSI,

decouples the design and introduction of computing hardware, such as I/O devices, from

the design and introduction of other components of a computing system, thereby allowing

users and manufacturer’s great flexibility in the implementation of computing systems.

Hardware interfaces can be parallel with several electrical connections carrying parts of

the data simultaneously, or serial where data is sent one bit at a time.

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Software Interface: A software interface may refer to a wide range of different types of

interface at different “levels”: an operating system may interface with pieces of hardware.

Applications or programs running on the operating system may need to interact via

streams, and in object oriented programs, objects within an application may need to

interact via methods.

Bluetooth Module: is usually a hardware component that provides. A wireless product to

work with the computer; or in some cases, the. Bluetooth may be an accessory or

peripheral, or a wireless headphone. Or other product (such as cellphones can use).

Programming to the interface: The use of interfaces allows a programming style called

programming to the interface. The idea behind this is to base programming logic on the

interfaces of the objects used, rather than on internal implementation details.

Programming to the interface reduces dependency on implementation specifics and make

code more reusable.

Pushing this idea to the extreme, inversion of control leaves the context to inject the code

with the specific implementations of the interface that will be used to perform the work.

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1.5 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

NASA Develops Child Car Seat Safety Device

Every year infants and small children die needlessly because they have been left in

vehicles, according to KIDS 'N CARS, a national nonprofit safety organization. As a

result, NASA has developed a safety device that would alert parents who inadvertently

leave their infants and small children strapped in car seats.

The NASA device, inspired by aircraft flight test technology, uses precision materials and

electronics to sense when a child is seated in a car infant or booster seat after the driver

has left the vehicle.

Called a Child Presence Sensor, the device was developed at NASA's Langley Research

Center, Hampton, Va. The research center is looking for a commercial partner to further

develop and market a product based on the technology.

"I wanted something that would serve as a second set of eyes and ears, something that

could easily and inexpensively be retrofitted to existing child car seats," said principal

inventor, William "Chris" Edwards of NASA Langley's Laser Systems Branch. Edwards

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has small children of his own and had read about cases around the country where well-

meaning parents had inadvertently left a small child in a vehicle with disastrous results.

Overloaded, exhausted, distracted or confused by a change in routine, working parents

can completely forget that they've left their children unattended. Others may leave

sleeping children in car seats while they exit their vehicles for what they believe will be a

quick errand. Yet, left alone for only a few minutes, a small child can be abducted, set the

vehicle in motion, or -- even on a seemingly mild day -- suffer a deadly heatstroke.

"These tragic deaths are entirely preventable," said Janette E. Fennell, co-founder and

executive director of KIDS 'N CARS. "Parents should never, never leave children alone

in a parked vehicle.

"Cars are inappropriate places for children to be left without adult supervision. There are

systems already installed in our vehicles to warn us that we have left our headlights on or

our keys in the ignition. Our precious children deserve at least that same protection."

The Child Presence Sensor driver alarm, designed to hang on the driver's key ring,

sounds ten warning beeps if the driver moves too far away from the vehicle. If the driver

doesn't return within one minute, the alarm will beep continuously and cannot be turned

off until it is reset by returning to the child safety seat.

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The sensor switch triggers immediately when a child is placed in the seat and deactivates

when the child is removed. The switch has a large activation area with a sensitivity of

about eight ounces. The sensor detects weight once the child is placed in the seat,

transmitting a unique code to the driver-alarm module via a radio-frequency link. The

system incorporates a long-life battery for reliability. If the battery is low, the system

alerts the driver with an audible alarm.

Edwards was aware of a simple, yet precise, sensor technology developed for the NASA

Langley 757 research aircraft. The aircraft is a highly-modified flying research lab for

experiments ranging from aviation safety to increasing capacity at major airports. The

aircraft sensor is mounted in the main landing gear area to sense environmental effects

acting on the aircraft. That data is then beamed to the cockpit by way of a radio frequency

transmitter and receiver system.

Edwards and NASA Langley co-inventors Terry Mack and Edward Modlin adapted the

self-contained radio frequency technology from the 757 aircraft project and combined it

with Modlin's highly-sensitive switch technology to create an inexpensive prototype

device.

"We estimate that a commercial partner, to whom we would license the technology, could

further develop and market this device to the public for roughly $20 to $30, depending

upon number of units manufactured. One unit would consist of one transmitter and one

receiver. The cost to add a second child seat to the same system would be about half that

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again," said Brian Beaton, NASA Langley's technology commercialization program

manager for the Child Presence Sensor technology.

NASA is timing its announcement to coincide with National Child Passenger Safety

Week, Feb. 10-16, sponsored by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

(NHTSA). KIDS 'N CARS is having a benefit screening of the Keyman movie, on Feb.

10 at the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco. This full-length feature film (PG-

13) tells the story of a man searching for redemption after he unknowingly left his child

in the backseat of his vehicle.

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1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Image process – In imaging science, image processing is processing of images using mathematical

operations by using any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, a series of images,

or a video, such as a photograph or video frame; the output of image processing may be either an

image or a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image.

Buzzer– It is an alarm that was use in the prototype.

Face-Detection - it’s a type of image process that will detect only the face in an android

phone.

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 CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 2.1 Block Diagram

This diagram shows how our system will work. The car would serve as
our first component when the engine is off it will send signal to microcontroller to
android through Bluetooth module and face detect if the child is alone or person, it will
send signal back to microcontroller through Bluetooth module and trigger the buzzer and
open the backseat window. If false it will just open the backseat window.

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2.2 PROJECT MANAGEMENT

2.1.1 Materials and Resources

Table 2.1 Materials and Resources

Material/Resource Quantity/Unit Cost
PIC18F4550 1 pc. 450.00
Stranded Wire 7 meters 53.00
Soldering lead 13 meters 65.00
Solid Wire 13 meters 70.00
USB Socket(type B) 2 pcs. 44.00
IC Socket (40 pins) 1 pc. 20.00
Male header (40 pins) 2 pcs 32.00
Female header (40 pins) 2pcs 32.00
900̊ Female header (40 pins) 1 pc. 36.00
Universal PCB 4 pcs. 80.00
Push Button 1 pc. 10.00
100Nf capacitor 3 pcs. 6.00
22pf capacitor 2 pcs. 3.00
220nf/470nf capacitor 1 pc. 2.00
10uf capacitor 1 pc. 1.50
470 ohms resistor 1 pc. 0.35
270 ohms resistor 2 pcs. 1.00
100 ohms resistor 10 pcs. 3.00
10k ohms resistor 11 pcs 6.00
200 ohms resistor 10 pcs. 5.00
8mhz oscillator 1 pc. 65.00
LED lights 11 pcs 11.00
USB Cable (type B) 3 pcs. 430.00
Header Wire(Male to 6 pcs. 27.00
Female & Female to
Female)
Bread Board 1 pc. 150.00
Wire headers/Wire 80 pcs. 80.00
terminals
Bluetooth Module 1 pcs. 450.00
Voltage Regulator 1 pc. 38.00

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 Transistor NPN 2 pc. 70.00
Buzzer 1 pc. 250.00
Android Phone 1 pc 1500.00
Diode 8 pc 20.00
Total Cost 4004.35

2.1.2 Gantt Chart

Table 2.2 Gantt chart

Task Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March

3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2
Planning
a. Create Proposal
b. Create Approval

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 Sheet
c. Create Updated
Approval Sheet
d. Create WBS
e. Create Network
Diagram
f. Create Project
Schedule
Analysis and Design
a. Create block
Diagram
b. Create Activity
Diagrams
c. Create Schematic
Diagram
d. Create Prototype
design
e. Create Prototype
design Create
Prototype design
Increment 1
Organize resources and
finalize what best to be used
among them create a pic kit
Increment 2
Configure camera to be
viewed in the mobile phone.
Create prototype using LED
as indicator for motor
BUZZER for the alarm and
switch for ignition
Increment 3
Create image processing
program comparison for
childs figure identification
purposes. Interface
microcontroller to mobile
phone
Increment 4
a. Complete prototype
Documentation
a. Introduction
b. Methodology
c. Data presentation &
analysis
d. Conclusion

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 e. Recommendation
f. Abstract
g. Appendices
h. Kick starter
i. CD writing

2.3 PROTOTYPE DESIGN

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This is the hardware side when the image process confirms that the child or person is
alone it will send true and the buzzer will alarm and the LED indicator will display but if
its false only the LED indicator will display.

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This is sample of face detection image processing

Figure 2.2 Prototype Design

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2.4 CIRCUIT DESIGN

+12

U2
7805
+5 Microcontroller
1 3
-12 VI VO
LS1

GND
C1 D2
1000u

2
-5 Microcontroller
DIODE SPEAKER

Q1
BC817-16

U1
2 15
RA0/AN0 RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
3 16 R1
RA1/AN1 RC1/T1OSI/CCP2/UOE
4 17
RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF RC2/CCP1/P1A
5 23 470
RA3/AN3/VREF+ RC4/D-/VM
6 24
RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT/RCV RC5/D+/VP
7 25
RXD RA5/AN4/SS/LVDIN/C2OUT RC6/TX/CK
14 26
RA6/OSC2/CLKO RC7/RX/DT/SDO
13 R3
TXD OSC1/CLKI
33 19 D1
RTS RB0/AN12/INT0/FLT0/SDI/SDA RD0/SPP0 330
34 20
RB1/AN10/INT1/SCK/SCL RD1/SPP1
35 21
CTS RB2/AN8/INT2/VMO RD2/SPP2
36
RB3/AN9/CCP2/VPO RD3/SPP3
22 DIODE D3
37 27 LED-GREEN
RB4/AN11/KBI0/CSSPP RD4/SPP4
38 28
RB5/KBI1/PGM RD5/SPP5/P1B
39
RB6/KBI2/PGC RD6/SPP6/P1C
29 Q2
40 30 BC817-16
RB7/KBI3/PGD RD7/SPP7/P1D
8
RE0/AN5/CK1SPP
9
RE1/AN6/CK2SPP
10
RE2/AN7/OESPP
18
VUSB RE3/MCLR/VPP
1 R2
PIC18F4550 470

Figure 2.3 System’s Circuit Design

As shown in Figure 2.3, the purpose of the circuit was to simulate the
hardware-part of our project before creating the actual so we could test our software
interacts with the hardware in the computer by using the Proteus software. We used
Bluetooth module for the Android and microcontroller interface. The LED here is just
only an indicator for the backseat window.

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 LS2

+12 D4 SPEAKER

DIODE

Control Pin RD7 Q3

BC817-16

Common Ground to +12 and +5

Figure 2.4 The Buzzer Circuit Design

R4
330

+12
D5
D4 LED-GREEN

DIODE
LED temporary indicator for the backseat window

Control Pin RD7 Q3

BC817-16

Common Ground to +12 and +5

Figure 2.5 Backseat Window Circuit Design

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2.5 PROGRAM FLOWCHART

When the engine is off, the microcontroller sends signal to the android phone to start to
face detect and image process if the condition the child is alone or person it will be true
and send to microcontroller to jump start the buzzer and led indicator but if false the led
indicator only will function.

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2.6 TESTING AND DATA GATHERING

2.6.1 Testing Strategy 1

 Testing if the hardware can receive data from the android phone through

Bluetooth module.

2.6.2 Testing Strategy2

 Testing if the android phone application can face detect and image process.

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 CHAPTER 3

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

3.1 DATA GATHERED 1.

After I tested the hardware prototype i can now send data to the hardware using
android through Bluetooth module. And the face detection application.

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 CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Based on the testing and re-tracing all lost connections in the prototype by the use of ksp

2222a npn transistor i can now control or send data to the alarm buzzer and the LED

indicator (temporary prototype for the backseat window) using the android application

through Bluetooth module in the microcontroller and also was able to create a face

detection android application.

I Conclude and confident enough that my prototype is working properly and it actually

interface with the mobile android application through Bluetooth module and its already

complete all I can do is test it to a car and in the android software side the face detection

was also working properly it will detect automatically every faces in the camera phone

and sends data if the face-detection is true then the alarm and LED indicator will

triggered but if it is false the LED indicator will only triggered.

I have tested the prototype through another android phone application that sends data to

the Bluetooth module and the prototype receives the data and activates all of the its

components. And in that software side project you need a good android phone that has

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high definition camera for the purpose of accuracy detection of the image process in the

android phone.

REFERENCES

[1] http://www.nasa.gov/centers/langley/news/releases/2002/02-008.html

[2] http://wqad.com/2014/07/26/new-mexico-teen-develops-car-seat-alarm-system-
to-prevent-hot-car-deaths/
[3] http://www.raviyp.com/embedded/148-interfacing-android-handset-with-
microcontroller-Bluetooth

[4] http://embeddedtweaks.com/hc-05-bluetooth-interfacing-with-your-
microcontrollers/

[5] http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5054626/android-pic-microcontroler

[6] http://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-technology-could-help-prevent-kids-deaths
in-hot-cars/
[7] http://www.gizmag.com/childminder-pad-baby-car-alarm/23174/

[8] http://www.engineersgarage.com/articles/image-processing-tutorial-applications

[9] http://www.slideshare.net/peterbuck/tutorial-on-using-android-for-image-
processing-projects

[10] http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6078839/android-image-processing-tutorial

[11]
https://www.reddit.com/r/Android/comments/3lyr0r/androids_image_processing_engine/

APPENDIX A

TEAM PROFILE

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Name: Berido, Jeffrey B.

Age:

Sex:

Course: BSCpE

APPENDIX B

PROJECT DEVELOPMENT DOCUMENTS

Project Proposal

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 Approval Sheet

Refer to: CpE 518 Update Approval Sheet new.doc

Work Breakdown Structure

Network Diagram

Schedule

Attendance Monitoring Sheet

(Please attach the above documents after this sheet. Be

sure that all documents are in short bond paper size. For

long documents you can have it photocopied and request to

have it in short bond paper. Please omit this italic

instruction after.)

APPENDIX C

PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENTS

CODES

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 SCREENSHOTS
Refer to: Screenshots.docx

RAW DATA GATHERED

DATA SHEETS
Refer to: Pic Datashit.pdf, TCRT5000 datasheet.pdf

(If screenshots not applicable, please omit it from the list above..

Attached all documents listed above.

Please omit this italic instructions after)

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