DRAFTING MANUAL Section K4.

16
Pipe-Thread Design Considerations Page 1
Update 35 April 1989*

1.0 GENERAL
This document provides design standards for the use of pipe
threads applied throughout industry. Although most of the
detail standards for thread configurations and methods of
measurement are a part of the referenced documents (see par.
2), the basic elements are provided in this standard. This
document applies to the use of regular pipe threads in any areas
of design where pipe threads may be required. Dryseal types of
threads used in the automotive, refrigeration, and hydraulics
fields are also included.
The sketches at the head of Table 1 (internal thread and
external thread) giving sectional views of this standard thread
form, represent the truncated thread form by a straight line.
However, when closely examined, the crest and root of
commercially manufactured pipe threads appear slightly
rounded. It is intended that the pipe threads of products be
acceptable when crest and root of the tools or chasers lie within
the limits set up in Table 1. Note that the crests and roots of the
external and internal threads may be truncated either parallel to
the taper or parallel to the axis.

2.0 REFERENCES
INTERNAL
American National Standards Institute, Straight Pipe Threads
for Free-fitting Mechanical Joints, Standard B2. 1; and Dryseal
ROOT
Pipe Threads, Standard B2.2.

3.0 TYPES OF PIPE THREADS

CREST
P (PITCH)
3.1 TAPER PIPE THREAD (NTP) - American Standard
taper pipe thread is abbreviated NTP. This type of thread is
broadly used in designs by many industries. This piping comes h ROOT
H=0.8660p
in various wall thicknesses or strengths that are identified, for
example, as schedule 40, schedule 60, etc. The most common 30˚ 30˚ 60˚
wall thickness used is schedule 40. The outside diameter
remains constant, while the inside diameter varies with the
strengths of the pipe required. The outside diameter of the pipe EXTERNAL

is also known as the nominal pipe size and is generally

90˚
produced in wrought steel and other materials (i.e., brass, etc.). AXIS

3.2 SPECIFICATIONS FOR TAPER PIPE THREADS

3.2.1. Form of Thread - The angle between the sides of the
thread is 60 degrees when measured on an axial plane and the
line bisecting this angle is perpendicular to the axis. The depth
of the sharp V thread, H, is
H = 0.8660p.
The basic maximum depth of the truncated thread, h (see Fig.
1), is based on factors entering into the manufacture of cutting
tools and the making of tight joints,
h = 0.800p.
3.2.2 Crest and Root - The crest and root of pipe threads are
truncated a minimum of 0.033p.
The maximum depth of truncation for the crest and root of
these pipe threads is shown in Table 1.
Figure 1. Basic Form of American Standard Taper Pipe
Thread
3.2.3 PITCH - The pitch is the distance from a point on a
screw thread to a corresponding point on the next thread
measured parallel to the axis (see Fig. 1):
1
Pitch in inches (p) = .
Threads per inch (n)
3.2.4 Taper of Thread - The taper of the thread is 1 in 16, or
0.75 inch per foot measured on the diameter and along the axis.
3.2.5 Diameter of Thread - The basic pitch diameters of the
taper thread are determined by the following formulas based on
the outside diameter of the pipe and the pitch of the thread:
E0 = D - (0.050D + 1.1) 1 ,
n
El = E0 + 0.0625 Ll,

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Table 1
Limits on Crest and Root of American Standard
External and Internal Taper Pipe Threads

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Depth Depth
Sharp Tolerance Equivalent Width Tolerance
Threads Pipe Thread Truncation on Equiv.
V on of Flat
per h Trunca- Width of
Thread
Inch tion Flat
H Max Min Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Inches Inches Inches Formula Inches Formula Inches Inches Formula Inches Formula Inches Inches

27” 0.03208 0.02963 0.02496 0.033p 0.0012 0.096p 0.0036 0.0024 0.038p 0.0014 0.111p 0.0041 0.0027
18 0.04811 0.04444 0.03833 0.033p 0.0018 0.088p 0.0049 0.0031 0.039p 0.0021 0.102p 0.0057 0.0036

14 0.06186 0.05714 0.05071 0.033p 0.0024 0.078p 0.0056 0.0032 0.038p 0.0027 0.090p 0.0064 0.0037
111/2 0.07531 0.06957 0.06261 0.033p 0.0029 0.073p 0.0063 0.0034 0.038p 0.0033 0.064p 0.0073 0.0040

8 0.10825 0.10000 0.9275 0.033p 0.0041 0.062p 0.0078 0.0037 0.038p 0.0048 0.072p 0.0090 0.0042

INTERNAL THREAD
MINIMUM
TRUNCATION
ROOT
MAXIMUM
TRUNCATION
H MINIMUM
TRUNCATION
MAX. h
MAXIMUM
TRUNCATION
CREST CREST

CREST
MAXIMUM
TRUNCATION
MINIMUM
TRUNCATION
MAXIMUM
TRUNCATION
ROOT
MINIMUM
TRUNCATION

EXTERNAL THREAD

D = basic outside diameter of pipe, formula based on the outside diameter of the pipe and the pitch
of the thread:
E0 = pitch diameter of thread at end of pipe,
1
L2 = (0.80 D + 6.8) n ,
El = pitch diameter of thread at the gauging notch or large
end of internal thread, and where D = basic outside diameter of pipe.

L1 = normal engagement by hand between external and
internal threads.
3.2.6 Length of Thread - The basic length of the effective
external taper thread, L2, is determined by the following
This formula determines directly the length of effective thread,
which includes two usable threads that are slightly imperfect at
the crest.
Other select data are given in Table 2.

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Table 2
Basic Dimensions of American Standard Taper Pipe Threads (NTP)

1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Wrench Make-up Over-all Depth Increase Basic

Length Nominal Perfect of in Diam. Minor
Length for Vanish External Threads
Nominal Internal thread Threads External Thread per Diam. at
Pipe Thread Thread Small End
Size Length Diam 0.0625 of Pipe
L3 E3 V L4 L5 E5 h n K9
In. Thds In. In. Thds In. In. In. In. In. In.
/
1 16 0.1111 3 0.26424 0.1285 3.47 0.3896 0.1870 0.28287 0.02963 0.00231 0.2416
/
1 8 0.1111 3 0.35656 0.1285 3.47 0.3924 0.1898 0.37537 0.02563 0.00231 0.3339

/
1 4 0.1667 3 0.46697 0.1928 3.47 0.5946 0.2907 0.49556 0.04444 0.00347 0.4329
/
3 8 0.1667 3 0.60160 0.1928 3.47 0.6006 0.2967 0.63056 0.04444 0.00347 0.5676

/
1 2 0.2143 3 0.74504 0.2478 3.47 0.7815 0.3909 0.78286 0.05714 0.00446 0.7013
/
3 4 0.2143 3 0.95429 0.2478 3.47 0.7935 0.4029 0.99286 0.05714 0.00446 0.9105

1 0.2609 3 1.19733 0.3017 3.47 0.9845 0.5088 1.24543 0.06957 0.00543 1.1441
11/4 0.2609 3 1.54083 0.3017 3.47 1.0085 0.5329 1.59043 0.06957 0.00543 1.4876
11/2 0.2609 3 1.77978 0.3017 3.47 1.0252 0.5496 1.83043 0.06957 0.00543 1.7265
2 0.2609 3 2.25272 0.3017 3.47 1.0582 0.5826 2.30543 0.06957 0.00543 2.1995

21/2 0.2500 2 2.70391 0.4337 3.47 1.5712 0.8875 2.77500 0.l00000 0.00781 2.6195
3 0.2500 2 3.32500 0.4337 3.47 1.6337 0.9500 3.40000 0.l00000 0.00781 3.2406
31/2 0.2500 2 3.82188 0.4337 3.47 1.6837 l.0000 3.90000 0.l00000 0.00781 3.7375
4 0.2500 2 4.31875 0.4337 3.47 1.7337 1.0500 4.40000 0.l00000 0.00781 4.2344

L4
L2 V
(IMPERFECT
THREADS DUE
L5 2P TO CHAMFER
ON DIE)
TAPER OF THREAD
1 IN 16 MEASURED
L3 L1 ON DIAMETER

E3 E0 E1 E5 E2 D

3.2.7 Engagement between External and Internal Taper
Threads - The normal length of engagement between external
and internal taper threads when screwed together by hand is
shown in column 6 of Table 2. This length is controlled by the
construction and use of gauges.
3.3 DRYSEAL PIPE THREADS
3.3.1 Dryseal Pressure- Tight Joints. The pipe-thread joints
that are to be made up without lubricant or sealer consist of
external and internal pipe threads having the same general form
and dimension as those of the American Standard regular taper

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pipe thread given in Table 3. However, for a dryseal type of for strength and seal characteristics. In hard or brittle materials
joint, the thread form is truncated to the amount given in Table without heavy sections, the internal taper pipe thread reduces
4. For tolerances on taper, lead, and angle for dryseal threads, the possibility of fracture at assembly.
see Table 3.
3.3.4 Dryseal SAE SHORT-Taper Pipe-Thread Series -
Table 3 This series, designated Dryseal PTF-SAE Short, is derived
Tolerance on Taper, Lead and Angle Dryseal American
from the standard NPTF series (see Tables 6 and 7). It applies
Standard Threads on Pipe and Fittings
to external and internal taper pipe threads, except that the full
Limits on Taper at Lead in 30 Deg
thread length has been shortened by eliminating one thread
Number
Nominal of Pitch Line (Inches Length of Half Angle from the small end of the external thread. This is an SAE
Pipe per Foot) Effective of Threads, design exclusive for reasons of economy of material and
Threads Thread
Size Deg
per Inch w w clearance consideration.
Max Min
/
1 16 27 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0010 1
/
1 8 27 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0010 1 3.3.5 PTF-SAE SHORT - External Thread - PTF-SAE
SHORT external thread is sometimes used to limit the depth in
/
1 4 18 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0015 1 assembly of the small end of the external taper pipe thread. It is
/
3 8 18 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0015 1 primarily intended for assembly with NPTF or NPSI internal
/
1 2 14 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0020 1 pipe threads. It is not designed for assembly with PTF-SAE
/
3 4 14 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0020 1 SHORT or NPSF internal pipe threads, because the thread may
not start at extreme tolerance limits of maximum diameters of
1 111/2 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0025* /
3 4
external thread and minimum diameters of internal thread.
11/4 111/2 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0025* /
3 4

11/2 111/2 25/32 23/32 0.0025* 3/4

2 111/2 25/32 23/32 0.0025* 3/4 3.3.6 Dryseal American Standard Fuel Straight Pipe
Thread Series - This series, designated DRYSEAL NPSF, is
21/2 8 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0040* /
3 4
applied to internal straight pipe threads only. This type of
3 8 /
25 32 /
23 32 0.0040* /
3 4
thread is intended primarily for assembly with NPTF external-
taper pipe thread. It is not intended for assembly with PTF-
3.3.2 Clearance - There is no clearance permitted between SAE SHORT or PTF-SPL SHORT.
the external and internal threads. When the joint is completely
made up, the flanks and the flats on the internal and external This thread is used in soft or ductile materials that will adjust to
thread are supposed to meet, thus producing a metal-to-metal the taper of the external thread when properly screwed to-
joint with contact or interference at the crest and root of the gether. It may be used in hard or brittle materials having heavy
mating parts. It is this feature of the thread that eliminates the sections. It is sometimes used to limit the depth in assembly of
need for a sealer. When a lubricant is employed, it serves to the small end of the external taper pipe thread.
prevent galling during the makeup of the joint.
3.3.7 Dryseal American Standard Intermediate Straight
The sketches at the head of Table 4 (internal thread and Pipe Thread Series - This series, designated DRYSEAL
external thread), give a sectional view of this modified thread NPSI, applies to internal straight pipe threads only. This type
form. When the crests and roots of the commercially manufac- of thread is intended primarily for assembly with PTS-SAE
tured product are examined closely, they will be found to be SHORT external-taper pipe thread but will assemble with
slightly rounded at the edges. It is intended that the pipe NPTF external-taper pipe thread. It is used extensively in hard
threads of this form on products shall be acceptable when the or brittle materials having heavy sections where there is little
entire crests and roots lie within the limits of Table 4. yield in assembly.
The principal uses for this thread during its development are
4.0 STRAIGHT PIPE THREADS
for refrigerant, marine, automotive, and aircraft fuel- and oil-
line fittings; drain and filler plugs; ordnance gas shells; and
4.1 SELECTED TYPES OF STRAIGHT PIPE
chemical bombs; etc.
THREADS - While external and internal taper pipe threads are
3.3.3 Dryseal Threads - The basic dimensions for dryseal recommended for pipe joints in practically every service, there
threads are given in Tables 3 and 5. are certain types of joints where straight pipe threads are used
to advantage. Several of the most common are (1) TYPE 1
Dryseal threads (NPTF) are generally considered to be superior pressure-tight joints with lubricant or sealer for pipe couplings

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Table 4
Limits on Crest and Root of American Standard Dryseal Pipe Threads
(Pressure-tight Joints without Lubricant or Sealer)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Depth of Tolerance
Sharp V Truncation3 Tolerance Equivalent Width of Flat on
Number of on
Thread Equivalent
Threads per Truncation Width of
Inch
H Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Flat

Inches Formula Inches Formula Inches Inches Formula Inches Formula Inches Inches

27 Crest 0.03208 0.047p 0.0017 0.094p 0.0035 0.0018 0.054p 0.0020 0.l08p 0.0040 0.0020
Root 0.094p 0.0035 0.140p 0.0052 0.0017 0.108p 0.0040 0.162p 0.0060 0.0020

18 Crest 0.04811 0.047p 0.0026 0.078p 0.0043 0.0017 0.054p 0.0030 0.090p 0.0050 0.0020
Root 0.078p 0.0043 0.109p 0.0061 0.0018 0.090p 0.0050 0.126p 0.0070 0.0020

14 Crest 0.06186 0.036p 0.0026 0.060p 0.0043 0.0017 0.042p 0.0030 0.070p 0.0050 0.0020
Root 0.060p 0.0043 0.085p 0.0061 0.0018 0.070p 0.0050 0.098p 0.0070 0.0020

111/2 Crest 0.07531 0.040p 0.0035 0.060p 0.0052 0.0017 0.046p 0.0040 0.069p 0.0060 0.0020
Root 0.060p 0.0052 0.090p 0.0078 0.0026 0.069p 0.0060 0.103p 0.0090 0.0030

8 Crest 010825 0.042p 0.0052 0.055p 0.0069 0.0017 0.048p 0.0060 0.064p 0.0080 0.0020
Root 0.055p 0.0069 0.076p 0.0095 0.0026 0.064p 0.0080 0.088p 0.0110 0.0030

MINIMUM FLAT MINIMUM FLAT

MINIMUM MINIMUM
MAXIMUM FLAT TRUNCATION MAXIMUM FLAT
TRUNCATION
MAXIMUM
MAXIMUM ROOT CREST
TRUNCATION
TRUNCATION WORN TOOL ARC
WORN TOOL ARC

WORN TOOL ARC

WORN TOOL ARC
MAXIMUM ROOT
MAXIMUM CREST TRUNCATION
TRUNCATION
MINIMUM MAXIMUM FLAT
MINIMUM MAXIMUM FLAT
TRUNCATION
TRUNCATION MINIMUM FLAT MINIMUM FLAT

INTERNAL THREAD EXTERNAL THREAD

(see Tables 8 and 2; taper external, straight internal); and (2)
TYPE 2 pressure-tight joints without lubricant or sealer for
automotive fuel- and oil-line fittings, drain plugs and filler
plugs, etc. (Tables 4 and 9, taper external, straight internal).
4.1.1 Pitch, Angle, and Depth of Thread - The pitch, angle,
and depth of thread are the same as the corresponding dimen-
sions of the taper pipe thread described in paragraph 3.1.
4.1.2 Diameter of Thread - The basic pitch diameter for both
the external and internal straight pipe thread is equal to the
pitch diameter of the American Standard taper pipe thread.
4.1.3 Taper Pipe Thread for Automotive Parts - American
Standard taper pipe thread for automotive fuel- and oil-line
fittings, drain plugs, and filler plugs, etc., should come flush
with the face or with the bottom of the chamfer, if chamfered.

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Table 5
Dryseal American National Standard Taper Pipe Thread (NPTF)
Vanish Threads Outside Outside
P.D. at P.D. at Length of
"V" Plus Full Shoulder Dia- Dia-
End of End of Hand Length of Full External Thread
NPTF Pitch Thread Tolerance Length Internal Full meter meter
External Internal Engagement Thread for Draw
Size P Plus Shoulder L2 + (3p Thread of of
Thread Thread L1 L2 (L2 - L1)
Clear approx.) (L2 + L1) Fitting Pipe
EO E1 (V + 1P + 1/2 P) D D
Inch Inch Inch Inch Threads Inch Threads Inch Threads Inch Inch Threads Inch Threads Inch Inch
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1/16-27 .03704 0.27118 0.28118 .1600 4.32 0.2611 7.05 .1139 3.075 0.3750 .1011 2.73 0.2711 7.32 0.315 0.3125
1/8-27 .03704 0.36351 0.37360 .1615 4.36 0.2638 7.12 .1112 3.072 0.3750 .1023 2.76 0.2726 7.36 0.407 0.4050
1/4-18 .05556 0.47739 0.49163 .2278 4.10 0.4018 7.23 .1607 2.892 0.5625 .1740 3.13 0.3945 7.10 0.546 0.5400
3/8-18 .05556 0.61201 0.62701 .2400 4.32 0.4078 7.34 .1547 2.791 0.5625 .1678 3.02 0.4067 7.32 0.681 0.6750

1/2-14 .07143 0.75843 0.77843 .3200 4.48 0.5337 7.47 .2163 3.028 0.7500 .2137 2.99 0.5343 7.48 0.850 0.8400
3/4-14 .07143 0.96768 0.98887 .3390 4.75 0.5457 7.64 .2043 2.860 0.7500 .2067 2.89 0.5535 7.75 1.060 1.0500
1-11-1/2 .08696 1.21363 1.23863 .4000 4.60 0.6828 7.85 .2547 2.929 0.9375 .2828 3.25 0.6609 7.60 1.327 1.3150
1-1/4-11-1/2 .08696 1.55713 1.58338 .4200 4.83 0.7068 8.13 .2620 3.013 0.9688 .2868 3.30 0.6809 7.83 1.672 1.6600

1-1/2-11-1/2 .08696 1.79609 1.82234 .4200 4.83 0.7235 8.32 .2765 3.180 1.0000 .3035 3.49 0.6809 7.83 1.912 1.9000
2-11-1/2 .08696 2.26902 2.29627 .4360 5.01 0.7565 8.70 .2747 3.159 1.0312 .3205 3.69 0.6969 8.01 2.387 2.3750
2-1/2-8 .12500 2.71953 2.76216 .4360 5.46 1.1375 8.70 .3781 3.025 1.5156 .4555 3.64 1.0570 8.46 2.893 2.8750
3-8 .12500 3.34063 3.38850 .7660 6.13 1.2000 9.60 .3781 3.025 1.5781 .4340 3.47 1.1410 9.13 3.518 3.5000

HAND ENGAGEMENT (L1 ) + L3

AT MAX. INT. TH'D. P.D.
+ ONE TURN FULL THREAD

L2 + (3p APPROX) L2 + 3.47p

AT MIN. EXT. TH'D L2 + ONE TURN FULL THREAD 2p(APPROX.)

P.D. DIE
L2 CHAMFER
AND
HAND
L3 = 3p (L1) SHOULDER
ENGAGEMENT
CLEARANCE
V
INTERNAL THREAD

EXTERNAL THREAD

E3 E0 E1 E2 D2 (PIPE) D

A tolerance of no turns large and one-and-one-half turns small, these classes one or both of the members are considered to be
except that for the 1/8-inch size a tolerance of one-half turn sufficiently ductile to adjust themselves to each other. The
small to 2 turns small is allowed. For the 1/4-inch size, a resulting joints are recommended for comparatively low
tolerance of one-half turn large to 1 turn small is allowed. pressures only.

4.1.4 Reference Dimensions for Assembled Engagement of 4.2.1 Attaching Automobile Fuel- and Oil-Line Fittings -
Dryseal Pipe Threads - Table 10 provides a convenient Automotive fuel- and oil-line fittings are generally attached by
reference of approximate distances for assemblage of NPTF an external dryseal taper pipe thread and a dryseal internal
and PTF-SAE into various other types of dryseal pipe threads. straight pipe thread without lubricant or sealer.

4.2 Pressure-tight Joints with Internal Straight Pipe 4.2.2 Attaching Automotive and Aircraft Hydraulic Line
Threads - Pressure-tight joints are sometimes made with Fittings - Automotive and aircraft hydraulic-line fittings, drain
internal straight pipe thread and external taper pipe thread. plugs, and filler plugs, etc., are joined by two straight machine-
There are two classes of internal straight pipe thread. In both of screw threads (external and internal) drawn to a shoulder.

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Table 6
Basic Dimensions of Dryseal SAE SHORT External-Taper Pipe Thread
(PTF-SAE SHORT, External)

Pitch Vanish thds, V, Minimum

diameter Hand External basic plus full thd shoulder External thread Internal basic
Size Pitch, p at end of L1 engagement, full thread toler plus length, for draw, full thread
external L1 Short length, L2 short shoulder clear- (L2 short (L2 short length (L1
thread, ance, (V +3p/2) +2 1/2 p) - L1 short) short +4P)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

in. in. in. thds in. thds in. thds in. thds in. in. thds in. thds
1/16 - 27 0.03704 0.27349 0.160 4.32 0.1230 3.32 0.2241 6.05 0.0926 2.50 0.3167 0.1011 2.73 0.2711 7.32
1/8 - 27 .03704 .36582 .1615 4.36 .1244 3.36 .2268 6.12 .0926 2.50 .3194 .1024 2.76 .2726 7.36
1/4 - 18 .05556 .48086 .2278 4.10 .1722 3.10 .3462 6.23 .1389 2.50 .4851 .1740 3.13 .3945 7.10
3/8 - 18 .05556 .61548 .240 4.32 .1844 3.32 .3522 6.34 .1389 2.50 .4911 .1678 3.02 .4067 7.32

1/2 - 14 .07143 .76289 .320 4.48 .2486 3.48 .4623 6.47 .1786 2.50 .6409 .2137 2.99 .5343 7.48
3/4 - 14 .07143 .97214 .339 4.75 .2676 3.75 .4743 6.64 .1786 2.50 .6528 .2067 2.89 .5533 7.75
1 - 11 1/2 .08696 1.21906 .400 4.60 .3130 3.60 .5958 6.85 .2174 2.50 .8132 .2828 3.25 .6609 7.60
1 1/4 - 11 1/2 .08696 1.56256 .420 4.83 .3330 3.83 .6198 7.13 .2174 2.50 .8372 .2868 3.30 .6809 7.83

1 1/2 - 11 1/2 .08696 1.80152 .420 4.83 .3330 3.83 .6365 7.32 .2174 2.50 .8539 .3035 3.49 .6809 7.83
2 - 11 1/2 .08696 2.27445 .436 5.01 .3490 4.01 .6695 7.70 .2174 2.50 .8869 .3205 3.69 .6969 8.01
2 1/2 - 8 .12500 2.72734 .682 5.46 .5570 4.46 1.0125 8.10 .3125 2.50 1.3250 .4555 3.64 1.0570 8.46
3-8 .12500 3.34844 .766 6.13 .6410 5.13 1.0750 8.60 .3125 2.50 1.3875 .4340 3.47 1.1410 9.13

HAND ENGAGEMENT (L1 SHORT ) + 4p

AT MAX. INT. TH'D. P.D.
+ ONE TURN FULL THREAD
1
(L2 SHORT ) + 2 –2 P

(L2 SHORT ) + ONE TURN

AT MIN. EST. TH'D. P.D. DIE CHAMFER AND
FULL THREAD SHOULDER CLEARANCE

(L2 SHORT )

HAND 1
4p (L1 SHORT ) 1–2
ENGAGEMENT

V
NPSI
INTERMEDIATE INTERNAL STRAIGHT THREAD

PTF-SAE SHORT EXTERNAL TAPER THREAD

E0 SHORT E2 D2

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Table 7
Basic Dimensions of Dryseal SAE SHORT Internal-Taper Pipe Thread
(PTF-SAE SHORT, Internal)

Pitch Hole depth

diameter Hand engagement, Internal basic for SAE
Size Pitch, p at end of L1 L1 short full thread length, short
int thread, (L1 short + L2 ) tap
E1 short

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

in. in. in. thds in. thds in. thds in.

1/ - 27 0.03704 0.27887 0.160 4.32 0.1230 3.32 0.2341 6.32 0.4564
16
1/ - 27 .03704 .37129 .1615 4.36 .1244 3.36 .2356 6.36 .4564
8
1/ - 18 .05556 .48815 .2278 4.10 .1722 3.10 .3389 6.10 .6722
4
3/ - 18 .05556 .62354 .240 4.32 .1844 3.32 .3511 6.32 .6844
8

1/ - 14 .07143 .77397 .320 4.48 .2486 3.48 .4629 6.48 .8915

2
3/ - 14 .07143 .98441 .339 4.75 .2676 3.75 .4819 6.75 .9105
4
1 - 11 1/2 .08696 1.23320 .400 4.60 .3130 3.60 .5739 6.60 1.0956
1 1/4 - 11 1/2 .08696 1.57795 .420 4.83 .3330 3.83 .5939 6.83 1.1156

1 1/2 - 11 1/2 .08696 1.81691 .420 4.83 .3330 3.83 .5939 6.83 1.1156
2 - 11 1/2 .08696 2.29084 .436 5.01 .3490 4.01 .6099 7.01 1.1316
2 1/2 - 8 .12500 2.75435 .682 5.46 .5570 4.46 .9320 7.46 1.6820
3-8 .12500 3.38069 .766 6.13 .6410 5.13 1.0160 8.13 1.7660

HAND ENGAGEMENT (L1 SHORT ) + L3

AT MAX. INT. TH'D. P.D.
+ ONE TURN FULL THREAD

HAND
1p 2p 3p MAX. L2 = 3p (L1 SHORT )
ENGAGEMENT

PTF-SAE SHORT INTERNAL THREAD

NPTF EXTERNAL THREAD

E3 E0 (E1 SHORT)

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 DRAFTING MANUAL Section K4.16
Pipe-Thread Design Considerations Page 9
Update 35 April 1989*

Table 8
Dimensions of Internal Straight Pipe Table 9
Threads in Pipe Couplings Dimensions of Dryseal Internal Straight Pipe
(Pressure-tight Joints with Lubricant or Sealer) (Pressure-tight Joints without Lubricant or Sealer)

Nominal Threads Minor Nominal Threads Minor

Pitch Diameter Diameter Pitch Diameter Diameter
Pipe per Pipe per
Size Inch Max Min Min Size Inch Maz Min Min
1/ 1/ 27 0.2812 0.2777 0.2491
8 27 0.3782 0.3713 0.342 16
1/ 18 0.4951 0.4847 0.440 1/ 27 0.3736 0.3701 0.3415
4 8
3/ 14 06322 0.6218 0577
8
1/ 14 0:7851 0.7717 0:715
2 1/ 18 0.4916 0.4864 0.4435
3/ 14 0.9956 0.9822 0.925 4
4 3/
8 18 0.6270 0.6218 0.5789
1 11 1/2 1.2468 1.2305 1.161
1 1/4 11 1/2 1.5915 1.5752 1.506 1/ 14 0.77U 0.7717 0.7150
2
1 1/2 11 1/2 1.9305 1.8142 1.745 3/ 14 0.9889 0.9822 0.9255
2 11 1/2 23044 2.2881 2:219 4

2 1/2 8 2.7739 2.7504 2.650 1 11 1/2 1.2386 1.2305 1.1621

3 8 3.4002 3.3768 3.277
3 1/2 8 3.9005 3.8771 3.777
4 8 4.3988 4.3754 4.275

Table 10
Reference Dimensions for Assembled Engagement of Dryseal Pipe Threads

Approximate Distance Approximate Distance

NPTF External Thread Assemblies Into PTF - SAE SHORT External Thread Assemblies Into
NPSI NPTF NPSF PTF-SAE NPSI NPTF NPSF PTF-SAE
SHORT SHORT
Internal Internal Internal Internal Internal Internal Internal
Thread Thread Thread Internal Thread Thread Thread
Thread Thread
(L1 + 3p) (L1 + 2-1/2p) (L1 + 2p) (L1 + 1-1/2p) (L1 + 2p) (L1 + 1-1/2p) (L1 + 1p) (L1 + 1/2p)

1/
16-27 .27 .25 .23 .21 .23 .21 .19 .17
1/ -27 .27 .25 .23 .21 .23 .21 .19 .17
8
1/ -18 .40 .37 .34 .31 .34 .31 .28 .25
4
3/ -18 .41 .38 .35 .32 .35 .32 .29 .26
8
1/ -14 .54 .50 .46 .43 .46 .43 .40 .37
2
3/ -14 .56 .52 .48 .45 .48 .45 .42 .39
4

1-111/ 2 .66 .62 .58 .53 .58 .53 .49 .44

1-1/4-111/2 .68 .64 .60 .55 .60 .55 .51 .46

1-1/ 1
2-11 /2 .68 .64 .60 .55 .60 .55 .51 .46

2-111/2 .70 .65 .61 .56 .61 .56 .52 .47

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