Transfer Function - New Method to Accurately

Predict Resonant Frequencies of a High Wall

Rauf Osterman
50kgs - 250m - 4m2
Burton Mine

• Peabody owned Bowen Basin

coal mine

• Contractor Thiess

• 230 m high wall

Transfer Function
Proof of concept
Results

Whitened transfer function of the vertical axis Whitened transfer function of the transverse axis

Whitened transfer function of the mean

Whitened transfer function of radial axis
Is the dominant frequency necessarily a resonant frequency?
Blast BW_L3_1

Output FFT

Input FFT

Seed holes
Blast BW_L3_1

Output FFT

Input FFT

Seed holes
Different monitoring scenarios

Calculation Exciter Input source Output source

1 Seed hole 1 Mp 1 Mp 4

2 Seed hole 2 Mp 1 Mp 4

3 Seed hole 3 Mp 1 Mp 4

4 Seed hole 4 Mp 1 Mp 4

5 Blast Mp 2 Mp 3

6 Blast Mp 2 Mp 4

7 Blast Mp 3 Mp 4
Results
Fundamental frequency & its Harmonics
Harmonic Formula n Resonant
Freq
1st (fundamental) f1 1 8.5 Hz
2nd f 2= f 1 xn 2 17 Hz

3rd f 3= f 1 xn 3 25.5 Hz

4th f 4= f 1 xn 4 34 Hz

5th f 5= f 1 xn 5 42.5 Hz

6th f 6= f 1 xn 6 51 Hz
Timing induced frequency
Frequency Channelling

Before Channelling After Channelling

Blasts with induced frequencies

Blast ID Date Intra-Row V1 (ms) Induced Freq

(ms) (Hz)

BW_L3_3C 10/05/14 50 13 20

BW_L3_3B 26/04/14 50 8 20

BW_Q2_2_TRIM 17/04/14 70 13 14

BW_L3_3 10/04/14 50 8 20

BW_H4_1B 05/04/14 50 8 20

BW_K3_3 19/03/14 50 8 20

BW_L3_2C 14/03/14 50 8 20

BW_G4_1 05/03/14 50 8 20

BW_L3_2B 28/02/14 50 8 20

BW_K3_2 12/02/14 50 8 20
Results

No definitive trend visible in Peak

Particle Velocity or Peak Particle
Displacement
Frequency Response of a System
Comparison of trace tail lengths
Comparison of trace tail lengths

Over 50% reduction in tail

length of traces calculated
as a percentage of the
original blast time length
Surat Basin Coal Mine

Town
Surat Basin Coal Mine

A-Town
B-Town

Equivalent to 48ms delay in the blast