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CBSE - 10 Chemical Reactions and Equations

Chemistry Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations In step-1, we need to write the


word equation. Methane
gives carbon dioxide and
Step-1 water on combustion in air.

Methane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03


CBSE - 10 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chemistry Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations Let us represent the word


equation by the respective
molecular formula.
Step-2
CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O
Methane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03


CBSE - 10 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chemistry Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations Write down the number of


atoms present on each side of
Step-3 the arrow. On the right hand
side we have one carbon, four
hydrogen and 2 oxygen
CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O atoms. On the right hand side
we have 1 carbon, 2 hydrogen
and 3 oxygen atoms.
No. of atoms in No. of atoms in
Element LHS RHS
C 1 1
H 4 2
O 2 3

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03


Chemical Reactions and Equations
Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations The atoms are not balanced in


this equation. Start balancing
Step-4 from the element with the
greater number of atoms. Do
not give priority to the atom
CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O found in more than one
compound on either side of
No. of atoms in No. of atoms the arrow. For example, since
oxygen is present in two
Element LHS in RHS compounds on the right hand
side we should not give
C 1 1 priority to the oxygen atom
H 4 2 when balancing.

O 2 3

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03


CBSE - 10 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chemistry Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations Balance the hydrogen atoms


by multiplying by 2 on the right
Step-5 hand side.

CH4 + O2  CO2 + H2O

No. of atoms in No. of atoms in


Element LHS RHS
C 1 1
H 4 2x2
O 2 3

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03


CBSE - 10 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chemistry Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations Write out the partially


balanced equation.

Step-6
CH4 + O2  CO2 + 2H2O
No. of atoms in No. of atoms in
Element LHS RHS
C 1 1
H 4 2x2
O 2 3

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03


CBSE - 10 Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chemistry Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations Write down the number of


atoms present on both sides
Step-7 of the arrow of the revised
equation. Again check
whether all the atoms are
balanced.
CH4 + O2  CO2 + 2H2O
Step-7
No. of atoms No. of atoms in
Element in LHS RHS
C 1 1
H 4 4
O 2 4

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03


Chemical Reactions and Equations
Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations Balance the atoms of the


remaining elements, here
Step-8 oxygen.

CH4 + O2  CO2 + 2H2O


Step-7
No. of atoms No. of atoms in
Element in LHS RHS
C 1 1
H 4 4
O 2x2 4

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03


Chemical Reactions and Equations
Representing a Chemical Reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations Write down the balanced


equation.

Step-9
CH4 + 2O2  CO2 + 2H2O

No. of atoms No. of atoms in


Element in LHS RHS
C 1 1
H 4 4
O 2x2 4

Subtopic ID: 01.02.03

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