UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS

Department of Civil Engineering

Assignment # 3 Shear Strengthening

Course: Advanced Materials & Seismic Retrofit Technologies

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Professor T.C. Triantafillou Santosh Yadav
MEEES Student

November 13, 2017

Shear Strengthening of a structure

Problem description
A rectangular column of cross section 250 x 400 mm is supposed to withstand an additional shear loading
of 110 kN. In order to enhance the shear carrying capacity of the column, shear strengthening has to be
done. In the following section, the calculation for different materials for shear strengthening is made.
Dimension of section

Dimension of the column

Long edge of the column, h = 400 mm
short edge of the column, bw = 250 mm
Static width, d = 360 mm

Design Assumption
Angle of diagonal crack w.r.t. the member axis,
θ = 45 o
Radius at the corner of the cross section, R = 15 mm
Angle between principal fiber orientation and
longitudinal axis of the member, α = 90 o

Material Properties
Concrete: fctm = 2 MPa

For CFRP
Thickness, tf = 0.12 mm
modulus, Ef = 225 GPa
Strength, ffk = 4050 MPa
Material safety factor, νf = 1.35
Design strength, ffd = 3000 MPa
Ultimate (rupture) strain, εfd = 0.0133

For GFRP

Thickness, tf = 0.17 mm
modulus, Ef = 70 GPa

Strength, ffk = 3000 MPa

Material safety factor, νf = 1.5
Design strength, ffd = 2000 MPa
Ultimate (rupture) strain, εfd = 0.0286

Additional shear resistance, VRd,f = 100 kN

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Shear Strengthening of a structure

Step# Calculation for shear strengthening of column

1. The assumption made for the calculation was that the column will be fully wrapped with FRP which
provided the height of FRP crossed by the shear crack to be 0.9*static depth, d.
2. Number of layer for FRP was chosen and calculation of maximum bond length and design
debonding strength was calculated using following equations.
𝐸𝑓 𝑡𝑓
𝑙𝑏,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.6√ (1)
√𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 𝑘𝑏

1 0.6𝐸𝑓 𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑚 𝑘𝑏 (2)

𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 = √
𝛾𝑓𝑏 𝑡𝑓
For fully wrapped case, kb=1
3. Tensile strength of closed jacket was then computed using the given relation below
𝑓𝑓𝑢,𝑊 (𝑅) = 𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 + ⟨ 𝜂𝑅 𝑓𝑓𝑑 −𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 ⟩ (3)
𝑅
Where, ηR=0.2+1.6𝑏
𝑤
If the expression inside the < > brackets is negative and the second term is taken as zero and
further calculation is made.
4. Calculation of design value of mean stress in FRP is made using the following equations.
2 𝑙𝑏.𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝛼 1 𝑙𝑏.𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝛼
𝜎𝑓𝑒𝑑 = 𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 [1 − (1 − 𝜋) ] + [𝑓𝑓𝑢,𝑊 (𝑅) − 𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 ] [1 − ] (4)
2𝑑𝑓 2 𝑑𝑓
Equation 4 for fully closed (wrapped) jacket

2 𝑙𝑏.𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝛼 (5)

𝜎𝑓𝑒𝑑 = 𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 [1 − (1 − ) ]
𝜋 𝑑𝑓
Equation 5 for U-jackets (three sided)

2 (6)
𝑘𝑏 𝐸𝑓
𝑑𝑓 −𝑙𝑏.𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝛼+ sin 𝛼 2
3𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 (1− )𝑘𝑏 𝐸𝑓 sin 𝛼
𝜋
𝜎𝑓𝑒𝑑 = 𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 𝑑𝑓
1−√ 𝑘𝑏 𝐸𝑓
3𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑 (𝑑𝑓−𝑙𝑏.𝑚𝑎𝑥 sin 𝛼+ sin 𝛼)
3𝑓𝑓𝑏𝑑
[ ]
Equation 6 for //- jacket (two-sided)

At this step, the design value of mean stress was check and limited to 0.004E f to
maintain the integrity of the concrete and secure activation of the aggregate
interlock mechanism.
5. Calculation of design shear capacity carried by FRP was made using the equation 7.
𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑓 = 2𝑡𝑓 𝑑𝑓 𝜎𝑓𝑒𝑑 (cot 𝜃 + cot 𝛼 )𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛼 (7)

The value obtained by check whether or not it is higher than the applied additional shear load value
and if not satisfied, the number of layer was increased, and all the calculation was remade for the
new number of layers of FRP using excel based spreadsheet.

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Shear Strengthening of a structure

1. Calculation for closed jacket using CFRP

df= 324 mm
ηR= 0.296
R/bw= 0.06 ok
kb= 1
Number of layer of FRP= 2
Maximum bond length, lb,max= 117.24 mm
Design debonding stress, ffbd= 707.11 MPa
Design debonding strain, εfbd= 0.0031
Tensile strength of closed jacket,
fu,W(R)= 888.00 MPa
Design value of means stress in Check for
FRP, σfed= 718.33 MPa σfed ≤ 0.004Ef Ok

Design shear carried by the FRP,

VRd,f= 111.72 kN
Verification check ok

2. Calculation for closed jacket using GFRP

df= 324 mm
ηR= 0.296
R/bw= 0.06 ok
kb= 1
Number of layer of FRP= 4
Maximum bond length, lb,max= 110.08 mm
Design debonding stress, ffbd= 234.31 MPa
Design debonding strain, εfbd= 0.0033
Tensile strength of closed jacket,
fu,W(R)= 592.00 MPa
Design value of means stress in Check for
FRP, σfed= 280.00 MPa σfed ≤ 0.004Ef Ok

Design shear carried by the FRP,

VRd,f= 123.38 kN
Verification check ok

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Shear Strengthening of a structure

3. Calculation for U-jacket(3-sided) using CFRP

df= 324 mm
ηR= 0.296
R/bw= 0.06 ok
kb= 1
Number of layer of FRP= 3
Maximum bond length, lb,max= 143.59 mm
Design debonding stress, ffbd= 577.35 MPa
Design debonding strain, εfbd= 0.0026
Tensile strength of closed jacket,
fu,W(R)= 888.00 MPa
Check for
Design value of means stress in FRP, σfed ≤
σfed= 484.37 MPa 0.004Ef Ok

Design shear carried by the FRP,

VRd,f= 112.99 kN
Verification check ok

4. Calculation for //-jacket(2-sided) using CFRP

df= 324 mm
ηR= 0.296
R/bw= 0.06 ok
kb= 1
Number of layer of FRP= 6
Maximum bond length, lb,max= 203.07 mm
Design debonding stress, ffbd= 408.25 MPa
Design debonding strain, εfbd= 0.0018
Tensile strength of closed jacket,
fu,W(R)= 888.00 MPa
Check for
Design value of means stress in FRP, σfed ≤
σfed= 108.59 MPa 0.004Ef Ok

Design shear carried by the FRP,

VRd,f= 50.66 kN
Verification check Not ok

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Shear Strengthening of a structure

Shear Resistance with double-sided FRP

60

Shear load carried by the FRP,kN

50

40

30

20

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Number of FRP Layer

With two-sided FRP strengthening technique, the shear load carrying capacity was increased up to
maximum value of 50.66 kN with 6 number of layers and then gradually decreased with additional number
of layer as shown in the graph above. Hence, with this scheme it was not possible to strengthening the shear
structure with required more than 50 kN additional resistance for the shear.

Summary of the design

Schemes Number of Layers

Fully wrapped jacket using CFRP 2
Fully wrapped jacket using GFRP 4
U-jacket (3-sided) using CFRP 3
//-jacket (2-sided) using CFRP Not possible

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