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Erik Erikson, a German psychoanalyst heavily influenced by Sigmund Freud, explored three aspects of identity: the ego identity (self), personal identity (the
personal idiosyncrasies that distinguish a person from another, social/cultural identity (the collection of social roles a person might play).
Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development considers the impact of external factors, parents and society on personality development from childhood to
adulthood. According to Erikson’s theory, every person must pass through a series of eight interrelated stages over the entire life cycle.
Educational Implications of Erikson's Theory
The strengths of Erikson’s theory are:
Allowing the child to play with various natural, simple materials, and role-playing for the expression of fantasy
and imagination.
Games, stories and songs can be used. Real-life activities like serving food, chopping vegetables or making
chapattis, prepare children for participation in the community around them.
Child-directed activities where the child chooses his or her activity and repeats it as often as they want must be
encouraged.
Erikson’s psychosocial theory is a very powerful way for building self-awareness and for improving oneself, as it
helps to understand a person’s learning according to his or her personal differences