10.

3 Analyses and treatment of comprehensive defaults

No. Defaults Possible Causes Remedies

1. 1 Secondary working current is 1) HV parts may be earthed by foreign matters. 1) Check the field or insulator
big. Secondary voltage won’t 2)High resistivity dust or gas nature changes the chamber to remove foreign
rise and there is no spark. corona voltage. matter.
3)Soft breakdown of HV sampling loop in control cabinet 2) Change the coal type or use
or emitting tube, or the hands of some meters get stuck. gas conditioning.
4)Soft breakdown of emitting tube in parallel with the HV 3) Repair the HV loop and
sampling resistor in the T/R replace elements.
4) Replace elements.
2. 2 Secondary current is normal(1) 1) Dirty insulator, or insulator heater failure and poor 1) Repair or change the heating
or too big. Secondary voltage thermal insulation resulting in surface condensation, element, clean the insulator.
won’t rise reduced insulation function and electric creepage. Or When gas temperature is
gas temperature in field is lower than actual dew point, lower than actual dew point,
resulting in condensation on insulator, hence electric the equipment can’t be put
creepage. into operation
(2) 2) Severe dust deposit on both electrodes, causing 2) Check and adjust the voltage
change in distance between them. distance.
(3) 3) Installed deviation in voltage distance is big. 3) Check and adjust the voltage
(4) 4) Poor welding in casing, poor sealing of access distance.
doors, resulting in impacts by cold air, condensation and 4) Repair by welding at the leaks
deformation of both electrodes and smaller voltage in casing. Tightly close the
distance. access doors.
(5) 5) Both electrodes sway, causing severe flashovers under 5) Check the fixing device of both
low voltage. electrodes.
(6) 6) Hopper is full of dust, which is close to the emitting 6) Dredge the ash discharge and
system, causing reduced isolating between both conveying systems, remove
electrodes. ash deposits, check hopper
(7) 7) Low voltage from HV T/R heaters and not allow hopper
(8) 8)Big voltage drop in other parts of the loop(e.g. poor overstorage.
earthing) 7) Check and repair the T/R
8) Check and repair the system’s
loop
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3. 3 Severe flashovers, resulting (9)
in Too much dust is stored in the hopper and it rises above See Item 6, c and d in Clause
tripped field. the hopper upper opening, even reaches both electrodes, 10.2.1 above.
resulting in reduced isolating property between them.

4. Se
4 Secondary current changes Dust is deposited on some electrode, where the voltage dis Remove the dust deposit.
irreirregularly distance is smaller, causing sparkovers

5. 5 Secondary current changes

Ds The remaining part of a broken emitting wire sway Replace the broken wire.
periodically

6. 6 There is secondary voltage D 1) Excessive dust loading causing corona blockage 1) Improve the technological
but no or very little secondary 2) Severe dust deposits on collecting and emitting process to reduce dust loading in
current. systems. gas.
3) High ground resistance and poor high voltage 2) Intensify rapping and remove
loop. dust deposits.
4) Broken circuit in the measuring loop of ampere meter in 3) Reduce the ground resistance
HV loop. to the specified value.
5) Poor contacts between HV outlet and electric field 4) Rectify the broken circuit.
6) Point of millimeter gets Stuck. 5) Check the connections and
make them in full contact.
6) Repair the meter.
7. 7 Abnormally plentiful sparks 1) Leaks in access doors let wet air in. 1) Take corresponding measures
2) Poor contact in T/R secondary side or open circuit in 2) Find the real cause and repair
diode of rectifing bridge. or replace.
3) Uneven gas flow distribution 3) Replace the gas distributors.
4) Voltage distance turns smaller. 4) Adjust the voltage distance.
5) Hopper is full of dust. Or there are areas of dust 5) Remove the dust deposits.
deposits and dust can’t drop smoothly. 6) Replace the damping resistor.
6) Damping resistor is broken an causes electric
discharge
8. 8 Normal primary and 1) Too big voltage distance. 1) Adjust it,
secondary current and 2) Uneven gas distribution, gas screens blocked by dust. 2) Remove the dust, OR replace
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 voltage, but the collection 3) Excessive air in leakage resulting in changes in the gas screens.
efficiency is low. operation conditions. Increase of gas velocity, 3) Make repair welds where
decrease of temperature, weak charging possibility of there is air in leakage.
dust particles, etc. 4) Condition the gas quality and
4) High resistivity of dust, backcorona may exist, slow adjust the work point.
charge neutralization in dust layers on electrodes and 5) Adjust the parameters.
rapping unable to dislodge them due to significant 6) Collection efficiency is be
adhesiveness. calculated by using correction
5) Unreasonable setting of control parameters. curves to the actual operation
6) Conditions of gas entering the ESP do not agree with conditions
the original ones resulting in changes of operation 7) Repair as needed, if rapping is
conditions. not sufficient, replace with
7) Mechanical problems such as abnormal rapper. heavier hammers.
8) Gas flow by-passes due to fallen gas baffles in 8) Check to solve the problem.
hoppers.
9. 9 Stuck ash discharge device, 1) Hammer dropped Shut down the equipment to
OR tripped safety device 2) Foreing matter in discharge mechanism. repair.
3) Broken chain in case a drag chain conveyer is used
10 Failure in control, alarming 1) Thyristor is broken down. Find the causes before repair or
tripped 2) Thyristor’s initial wire is at a wrong position or the replacement.
plugging leg is short-circuited.
3) Primary side of T/R is earthed or short-circuited. Or
before the secondary side sampling loop there is a
short circuit. Or the negative HV is earthed. Or there is
a short circuit in current and voltage sampling loop.
11 Thyristor’s outlet can’t be 1) Thyristor is broken down. 1) Replace it.
controlled 2) Feedback quantities disappear 2) Check relevant elements and
Sampling resistor row is damages. loops
3) Wrong setting of parameters. 3) Adjust the parameters.
12 Abnormal operation of control 1) Safety interlocking is not in place 1) Check to see if the access
loop and main loop 2) Interlocking for HV isolating switch is not in place doors and cabinet doors are
3) Broken wire in switching-in coil and loop. closed properly.
4) Poor contact in auxiliary switch 2) Check the switch to see if it is
properly interlocked.
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 3) Replace the coil and check the
wiring.
4) Check and repair it.
13 No lamp indication on control 1) Poor contact in loops and between elements. 1) Check every element and loop
panel when it is energized. 2) Burnt bulbs for wiring
3) Burnt fuse 2) Replace them
3) Replace it.
14 When the voltage is being 1) There are faults in the meters. 1) Repair and calibrate the
adjusted, no indication is on 2) There is no trigger output pulse. meters
the control meters 3) Broken quick-break fuse. 2) Use an oscilloscope to
4) Open circuit in thyristor element. determine the number and
5) AC & DC sampling loops broken width of the pulses
6) Poor contact of change-over switch in AC voltmeter 3) Replace
4) Change
5) Check the secondary wiring
6) Check the switch contacts.
15 There is signal on flashover 1) There is foreign interference 1) Check the earthing of the
indicator but other meters on 2) Signal transfer is blocked by flashover and some shield
the control panel do not act elements are damaged. 2) Add a by-path and replace
damaged elements.
16 After a flashover, the 1) The first blocking pulse is too wide upon the flashover 1) Change the parameter to
secondary voltage does not 2) The given value of the rising ratio of voltage +△v/△t is adjust the pulse width.
rise by its own but initiates an too small 2) Increase the given voltage
alarm.
17 During loaded voltage 1) Open circuit in current sampling loop. 1) Check the secondary wiring
step-up, there is normal 2) Broken wire in ammeter 2) Measure the voltage.
voltage indication but current
is zero.
18 During voltage step-up, 1) Open circuit and false soldering points in T/R 1) Lift the T/R core to check and
primary voltage can be secondary coil and silicon stack. eliminate the defaults.
adjusted properly, but 2) Insufficient safety distance from HV down-lead to ESP 2) Check and reconnect the HV
secondary voltage appears casing. down-lead.
and disappears alternatively 3) Open circuit in DC component voltage sampling loop. 3) Lift the T/R core to check and
and is accompanied by sound repair.
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 of electric discharge.
19 Tripping of oil pressure alarm
and ozone smell from T/R
20 Tripping and alarm activated
by oil level signal
21 Tripping of oil pressure alarm
Breakdown or short-circuit in T/R secondary coil or silicon Lift the T/R core to check and
stack. replace the damaged part.
T/R oil level is lower than the lower limit. Troubleshoot and add oil to T/R
up to the suitable level.
There is gas in the gas relay. Open the discharge valve to get
rid of the gas.
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