!



!  % 

 ! "! %" # !! ! ! 
!  %   % %"


- !%  !   !! 

 #

- $ !  ! 

- $ !    % 

- # ! !

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#"  " "$!    !

120
100

80

stress
60

40

20

10
0.0010 0.005 0.010 0.05 0.10 0.5 1.0

strain

Instructor notes: " %  $#  !#"  ! ""  

There are three types of nonlinear
 #! 
analysis in I-DEAS – geometry,
plasticity and creep. Geometry - "  !""$
nonlinear solutions also allow
nonlinear loads. A geometry
nonlinear solution can be performed - "   
simultaneously with either creep or
plasticity analysis.
- " $
There are three basic types of
nonlinear analysis:
1. Boundary conditions - !
(contact/gaps)
2. Material
3. Geometric nonlinear (large - # $ "!
displacements)
#     "   "  
!#"! !#"#!$

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Instructor notes:

In a geometry nonlinear solution,

deflections of the structure are large
       
compared with the original
dimensions of the structure. Changes
-  
in stiffness and loads occur as the
structure deforms.
-   

-   

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Instructor notes:     

When the beam is initially loaded,
only bending forces are present, but -
      
as deflections occur, bending loads  
transition to membrane loads. The
deflections in a linear solution are
unrealistically high. Also, the distance -   !    
between endpoints is reduced during
deflections. A linear analysis does
not make this calculation.

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    "   %!!

Instructor notes:

The steps to perform a geometry

nonlinear analysis are similar to
     "   %!!

those required for a linear solution.

Curved beams can be included in the
  "  " "  & $ # $
model, but they are formulated with
small deflection theory. Loads can be  "!
applied in increments (time varying) if
desired. But this is not always
required for a geometry nonlinear   "&$ % !  !" "!  
analysis. If deflections are very large, # % " !"   !""!
increments may be required to reach
equilibrium. You can investigate
!"" !  !  #
results at several load amplitudes in
a single solution by using time
  "  !#" !"   "  "!
varying loads. Incrementing loads
requires definition of time varying  " !#"
loads and definition of time
increments in a solution set (time
increments are also called time
points or solution points).

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 "   %!! 


   

Force Linear

Nonlinear

Applied
force

Displacement

Instructor notes:        
Time intervals are really load
        ! " 
intervals. Time is a variable. For the
load control method, these are the -    
exact locations of solution.

Discuss graph and point out that time -      
intervals can be defined to control
how quickly the load should be
applied. This is done to aid -       
convergence.

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!#   %!# "

Instructor notes:  $  !$& !#  " $!   !

Creation of time varying loads is used
" $#  $"  %!  #  !# #
in all types of nonlinear analysis. %!# "

Stress the importance of selecting

the nonlinear static analysis type
before creating loads. Notice most   Nonlinear Statics.
loads and restraints can be time
varying; accelerations can’t at this
time.
  Force, Pressure, Temperature !
Displacement Restraint # !#    !
!"#!#

  #  " %!#" " ! "$!"

  Time Variation ! Time...

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  #!  ! &"" 

"" '! )%'#"&





Instructor notes: # "  '! )%'#"

When adding time variation, you can
enter a function or a table of points   ' Points #% Function "'#" !'#.
(time vs. amplitude). The time
variation amplitude scales the
amplitude in the load definition. After  "'% ' !$ '( ' $#"'& #% ' ("'#"
creating the time variation, don’t *$%&&#"
forget to apply (select) it for the load
definition. For geometry and
plasticity, time doesn’t mean time. It’s   Graph... '# )%+ ' '! )%'#"
just a scale that allows a relationship
between changing load amplitudes
and solution points. For creep   Dismiss, '" OK %#! ' Time Variation
analysis time is realistic. #%!&

 " ' # #% %&'%"' #%! $ ' ,  #"
" & ' ' '! )%'#" '#  (& #% '
#% #% %&'%"'

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    " !  $

load direction is fixed load follows geometry

Instructor notes:
     $ $!  
Loads can either follow geometry as
         
it deflects, or can remain in a  !        
constant direction during a geometry
nonlinear analysis. The type of load
(node or element based) determines -     "   !
the behavior.        

- ! !     

   !  #   !

-    !  #     $

       $ 

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     $ 

  

Instructor notes:
         

  Solution Set..., Create...

  Loading and Solution Control...

   Material Nonlinearity 

Geometric Nonlinearity

  Add..., Modify,  Subincrement...

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   ! 

Instructor notes:    !   " 

After the initial time interval (solution
point) is defined, it can be subdivided -     !   " 
into a number of equally spaced
points. Each new point has the same
 !
definition as the original, except for
end time. After subdividing, each new -  !   !   
point can be modified or additional
points can be added. 

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  " 
 &" !$#

Instructor notes:
 $"  " # &" ' %$ $
If you put a pencil on a table, the #!$ "  $  "  %"$  
strain is zero. If you rotate the pencil
90 degrees, the strain is still zero.
# &" %## $ # $"  %( $"%
However, engineering strain would be #$"## $ #
calculated as one, so you would use
a different FE measure to include    '   %
second order terms.
- " #!$#
Strain measure not appropriate for
finite strain. - " " $$ #
- # #$"# ## $
  

   '  $  %

- !$& #  $ &
- #  # $##   " ##
#$ #  $  %$  "

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