Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Ferrous sulfate's systematic name is iron (II) sulfate, with the "II" referring
to the +2 valence state of iron.
Occurrence:
It is commonly found as a mineral in form of heptahydrate.it is made
when sulfide minerals like pyrite are oxidized to sulfate.
Properties
Structure:
Formula: FeSO4
Salts: it occurs in form of salts as hydrates FeSO4.xH2O
Triclinic (pentahydrate)
Decomposition: when heated to decomposition it emit toxic fumes of sulfur
oxide.
Ignition: may ignite on contact with arsenic trioxide and sodium nitrate,
potentially explosive reaction with methyl isocyanoactetate at 25 deg C
Reactive group: weak inorganic reducing agent
Stability: In moist air ferrous sulfate rapidly oxidizes and becomes coated
with brownish-yellow ferric sulfate. The rate of oxidation increased by the
addition of alkali or by exposure to light.
3. Liquid
Health hazards
Ingestion:
Diarrhea
Dehydration
Shock
Pallor
Cyanosis
Shallow respiration
Metabolic acidosis
Inhalation:
Skin, eye and respiratory irritation
Handling:
The crystals you will grow in this experiment will probably contain some
sulfuric acid trapped in their crystal structure. It's best to assume that
touching ferrous sulfate crystals will cause chemical burns.
Any residual H2SO4 present should not appreciably enter the air at normal
temperatures; sulfuric acid has a very low vapor pressure at 25 °C. If the
crystals are kept in a tightly sealed container, any H2SO4 that does evaporate
will recondense in the container. Open it in a well-ventilated area.
Emergency treatment:
Give milk as antidote
Induce vomiting by stroking pharynx with blunt object or with ipecac syrup
Interactions:
Of ferrous sulfate with others:
Reacting iron with sulfuric acid, this reaction makes hydrogen gas and
leaves behind iron (II) sulfate.
It can also be made by oxidation of pyrite, an iron sulfate material.
2FeS2+7O2+2H2O 2FeSO4+2H2SO4
II. Filtering
Green crystals should have started forming in the solution and settling
to the bottom after just a few hours. They may become tangled up in
any steel wool that's still left; don't bother trying to free these.
When you're satisfied with the amount of ferrous sulfate that has
formed, add excess water that's been acidified to a pH between 2 and 4
using sulfuric acid. Add enough of this acidified water to re-dissolve all
the green crystals that have settled out. If the solution turns brown, add
just enough sulfuric acid to make it green again.
Filter this solution through filter paper. Discard the solids and the
paper; neutralize their acidity with some dilute sodium carbonate
solution. Save the filtrate. It should now be free of steel wool pieces,
carbon (from the steel), rust, and other solids. Keep the solution in a
covered container to minimize contact with atmospheric oxygen.
If the pH is not kept low enough, ferrous sulfate will oxidize to ferric
sulfate on standing. Normally, atmospheric oxygen changes Fe2+ to
Fe3+ quite readily. This reaction is reversible, however, by lowering the
ph. Below 4 or so, ferrous ion is heavily favored over ferric, with the
concentration of Fe3+ becoming vanishingly small at pH 1-2. Aqueous
FeSO4 in this pH range is stable for days, even with much air contact.
III. Evaporation
Green crystals should form. If not, the cause is probably one of the following:
4. Your sulfuric acid was contaminated with something that oxidized Fe2+.
Decant or pipette off the yellowish liquid that remains after the crystals
have formed. It is strong sulfuric acid, so be careful with it. Use a
dropper to add it slowly into a cold, dilute solution of NaOH, sodium
carbonate, or ammonia.
Do not handle ferrous sulfate with your fingers. Use a plastic or steel
spatula.
Crystallizing mostly completed
IV. Washing
Just use distilled water cooled to just above freezing. As the washing removes
the strong sulfuric acid from the surface of the crystals, the atmosphere will
unfortunately oxidize them more readily. Larger crystals are more desirable
because less FeSO4 will oxidize. Don’t crush or powder the crystals
V. Drying;
If no desiccator is available, dry the ferrous sulfate crystals in air at the
lowest humidity
Drying in a desiccator: place some calcium chloride drying pellets and a
desiccant in the bottom of jar. The ferrous sulfate shouldn't contact the
desiccant material. Let them dry just enough to get the excess water off
the crystals, then put them in a tightly-sealed container where moisture
can't get to them.
Applications
Therapeutic uses:
Herbicide
Industrial uses:
1. Adsorbents and absorbents
2. Intermediates
3. Solids separation agents
4. Pigments
5. Paints and coatings
6. Water treatment products