NAME:-SOURAV PAUL

ROLL, NO:-28101313026
REGISTRATION, NO:-132810110095
DEPARTMENT:-CIVIL ENGINEERING
SEMISTER: - 7TH
YEAR: - 4TH

SUBJECT:-CE- PRACTICE SESSIONAL-

WATER RESOURSE ENGINEERING (CE-792)

-: GIVEN AREA: - MUMBAI

 -: TOPICS – COVERED:-

1) Calculation of the storm water discharge of the entire given area and for the individual
area:-

2) Calculation the volume of rain water harvesting tank:-

 1) Calculation of the storm water discharged of the individual areas and in total area:-

Applied formula:- (rational formula used to measures the storm water discharge)

Q=A.I.R/360; Q=discharge in m3/s.

A=area in hectars

I=impermeability factors

R= average rainfall intensity of the area=25mm/hour.

(1 m2= 1/104 hectars).

A)Ground coverage area (above basement):-

Area(m2)=1906.69m2=0.190669 hectars .

Adopted impermeability factor for this zone is =0.2;

Q=A.I.R/360 m3/s =( 0.190669x25x0.2)/360 m3/s = 0.002648181m3/s = 0.2288028 million liters/day.

B)Ground coverage area(beyond basement):-

Area (m2)=855.90m2=0.08559 hectars.

Adopted impermeability factor for this zone=0.2;

Q=A.I.R/360 m3/s =( 0.08559x25x0.2)/360 m3/s = 0.00118875m3/s = 0.102708 million liters/day.

C) Paved area ( beyond basement):-

Area(m2)=1661.61m2 = 0.166161 hectars.

Adopted impermeability factors for this zone = 0.8;

Q=A.I.R/360 m3/s =( 0.166161x25x0.8)/360 m3/s = 0.009231167m3/s = 0.7975728 million liters/

day.

D) Semi paved area ( above basement):-

Area(m2) = 311.6m2 = 0.03116 hectars.

Adopted impermeability factor for this zone = 0.6;

Q=A.I.R/360 m3/s =( 0.03116x0.6x25)/360 m3/s = 0.001298333m3/s = 0.112176 million liters/ day.

E)Tree plantation area:-

Area(m2) = 1388.51m2 = 0.138851 hectars.

Adopted impermeability factors for this zone = 0.1;

Q=A.I.R/360 m3/s = (0.138851x0.1x25)/360 m3/s = 0.000964243 m3/s = 0.0833106 million liters /

day.

F)Other green area:-

Area(m2) = 182.28m2 = 0.018228 hectars.

Adopted impermeability factor for this zone = 0.15;

Q=A.I.R/360 m3/s = (0.018228x25x0.15)/360 m3/s = 0.000189875 m3/s = 0.0164052 million liters

/day.

G)Service area:-

Area(m2)= 346.47m2 = 0.034647 hectars.

Adopted impermeability factor for this zone= 0.8;

Q=A.I.R/360 m3/s = (0.034647x25x0.8)/360 m3/s = 0.001924833 m3/s = 0.1663056 million

liters/day.

H) Gifted land area:-

Area(m2)= 41.15m2=0.004115 hectars.

Adopted impermeability factors = 0.15;

Q=A.I.R/360 m3/s = (0.004115x25x0.15)/360 m3/s = 0.00004286 m3/s = 0.0037035 million

liters/day.

So, the total amount of storm water discharge the flows over the entire land is

∑(each individual area) m3/s=

(0.002648181+0.00118875+0.009231167+0.001298333+0.000946243+0.000189875+0.001924833+
0.0000428646) m3/s =0.17488247 m3/s = 1.5109845 million liters/day.
2)Calculation of volume of rain water harvesting tank:-

Selected areas are--------a)Ground cover area (above basement) = 1906.69m2

b) Ground coverage area ( beyond basement) = 855.9m2

For, Mumbai city the annual rainfall is 2146.60mm.

It’s assumed that spillage and first flush wastage can be considered as 0.80.

If the roof is cover with corrugated metal ( aluminium sheet) the factor is = 0.8;

If the roof is cover with tiles the factor is = 0.85.

a) Volume of rain water stored for ground coverage above basement=( Area x height of rainfall)
m3.
=( 1906.69 x 2.1466) m3
=4092.90m3

i)for water spillage factor, =(4092.90 x 0.80)m3 =3274.32m3 = 3.274 million liters.

ii) for roof covered with tiles; =(3274 x 0.85)m3 = 2782.90m3=2.782 million liters.

iii) for roof covered with corrugated metal sheet;= (3274.32 x 0.80)m3= 2619.45 m3 = 2.6194 million
liters.

b) Volume of rain water stored for ground coverage area beyond basement=( Area x height of
rainfall) m3
=(855.90 x 2.1466)m3
=1837.27m3.

i) for water spillage factor, =(1837.27 x 0.80)m3 = 1469.81m3=1.4698 million liters.

ii) for roof covered with tiles; =(1469.81 x 0.85)m3= 1249.33m3= 1.249 million liters.
iii) for roof covered with corrugated metal sheet;=(1469.81 x 0.80)m3= 1175.84m3= 1.1758
million liters.
-: THE QUESTIONS FROM THE ENTIRE PROJECT:-
-: DRAWING OF THE AREA & GIVEN DATA:-
-: DETAILED CALCULATION OF-------
A) STORM WATER DISCHARGED.
B) VOLUME OF RAIN WATER HARVESTING TANK.
----------THE END----------
 :
-: Table Of Contents -

SI. NO. PAGE NO. TOPIC- COVERED

1. Front page and title of the project.

2. Question solved from the project.

3. Drawing and given data.

4. Abstract of the project.

5. Introduction of the project with adopted data.

6. Detailed calculation of surface runoff and volume of water

harvesting tank.

Conclusion.
7.
-: ABSTRACT VIEW OF THE PROJECT:-
The main objective of the project is to find out or to calculate, first the storm water discharged the
occurs on the individual areas and on the total area and secondly the volume of the rain water
harvesting tank that are going to install on particular areas .

1) Run off is actually the the amount of excess rainfall that neither infiltrate into the ground nor it
retained on the land surface.

By calculating the generated run off we can actually calculate the amount of flood for that particular
area if their is any near by large water body, where this amount of water can meet. This run off also
depends on the type of land surface on which the rain fall occurs, means the capacity of
permeability of land surface.

2) Rain water harvesting is actually a technique or process by which water can be stored in a
tank of designed quantity for the use of water when their is shortage of water occurs.this
type of work are actually very environment friendly and by this we can actually use the
natural sources of water, other then all kind of daily activity. Rain water can be stored on
open areas or on the roof top of high buildings where least amount of abstraction losses are
occurred.

The majority of rain water harvesting is applied on those areas where shortage of water
occurs due to several reasons ,thats why this method is aaplied, mainly on rural areas, but
for urban areas though their is always plenty of water available but to reduced the un
wanted wastages of water this method of collecting water is very helpfull.
-: INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT:-
1) RUN OFF DISCHARGE:-
Whenever their is a rainfall occurs on a particular a certain amount of rainfall penetrate into
the ground surface and increased the ground water table, certain amount of water stored on
the ground surface on small cavity like structures known as depression storage, but the rest
amount or excess amount of water moves as a flow over the land surface and meet the
nearby water body to raise the water level. This particular amount of water that flows over
the surface as an excess rainfall in known as runoff.

The calculation of runoff is very important for hydrological consideration , environmental

consideration and also for other aspects. This runoff is the cause that causes the flood effect
of large water bodies and if it is not calculated accurately it can cause harmfull effect on
many factors related to that particular water body into which the runoff discharge meet.
But this runoff is depends on the soil characteristics, metrological condition and mostly on
the sorrunding development of the area. For areas where the land surface is only clay ,
absorption rate is very high so less runoff, but for areas where land surface is fully covered
with impermeable layer the absorption is less and runoff is high.

2) RAIN WATER HARVESTING:-

Rain water harvesting is actually a technique or process by which water can be stored in a
tank of designed quantity for the use of water when their is shortage of water occurs.this
type of work are actually very environment friendly and by this we can actually use the
natural sources of water, other then all kind of daily activity. Rain water can be stored on
open areas or on the roof top of high buildings where least amount of abstraction losses are
occurred.

The majority of rain water harvesting is applied on those areas where shortage of water
occurs due to several reasons ,thats why this method is aaplied, mainly on rural areas, but
for urban areas though their is always plenty of water available but to reduced the un
wanted wastages of water this method of collecting water is very helpfull.
 In this method a tank is installed both on the top of the house and also on the place where
the land surface is not covered with any vegetation .now the water that pour on the roof
surface are collected in a tank of designed quantity and from there the collected water
either move directly in to the house for being used for several purpose or it moved to
another tank installed below a certain depth of the house and when their is necessary it
taken out by the help of a pump and used for the purpose.
 The main advantage is that if there is any problem to the main distribution system
os water for a particular day or if the quantity of used water increased due to some
uncertain reason , as a alternatives source any one can use this.
 But the disadvantage is that is for some how there is a leakage in the collection tank,
or the metrological condition changes or the collection tank could not stored the
water as per its design , then the total object of collecting water will be wasted.

 Collected data and information:-

1) For calculating the storm water discharged we used the rational formula ,which is....
Q=(A.I.R)/360 m3/sec.
Where, Q= surface runoff in m3/s
A= area in hectars
I=impermeability factor, and R= average rain fall intensity of area in mm/hour.
 Collected data for impermeability factor:-
The value of impermeability is collected from( SP7:2005)
https://law.resource.org/pub/in/bis/S03/is.sp.7.2005.pdf

 Calculation of the volume of harvesting tank:-

For calculation of volume of the storage tank we use some calculation methods used in a
rain water harvesting project work of C.P.W.D (central public work department)
www.ruralhousingnetwork.in/.../2016-03-16%2011:29:17.913614_Manual_-_Rain
-: CONCLUSION FROM THE PROJECT:-
During completion of the project, there are many things which i personally get to learn. During the
work on the project i get to learn the importance of rain water harvesting and also the importance of
surface drainage after the rainfall.

From the part of calculation of surface drainage it was found the

though the same amount of rainfall say 25mm in this project occurs evenly on the entire area the
surface drainage is vary from place to place due to the permeability of the soil., and it effect the
ground water condition and also the environmental condition of that particular area. form the
project its very clear the area have open ground or land filled with greenery have least surface
discharge and area covered with solid bitumen cover on the top layer of ground have highest
amount of discharge, and from that calculation we can easily calculate the or draw the flood
hydrograph at the gauging site and we can calculate the maximum design flood.

From the calculation of the volume of the of the rain water

harvesting tank, i personally think that its very environmental friendly process, by this method we
can easily use the natural resource for being used in our daily purpose.

For the calculation of volume of the tank, i took help from a

previous work project of C.P.W.D ( central public work department) on rain water harvesting, ( which
is given above ). From the project its clear that the storage of water is majorly depends on the
rainfall of that area and minorly depends on the surface on which it occurs, either its cover with
metal sheet or tiles.

So, at the last I can say that the completion of the project is helps me to
learn many things which i think that is not be possible if this project is not given to me, though
there are many things which is completely unknown to me when i started the project, but as i was
going through the completion work of the project i learned things which helps me complete the
project clear my view on water waste and preservation process .

----------THE END----------