UNIT 1 DIFFERENTIATION

1.1 Differentiation of Polynomials.

1.2 Differentiation of Trigonometric Functions
1.3 Differentiation of Exponential Functions
1.4 Differentiation of Logarithmic Functions
1.5 Techniques of Differentiation
 SUBTOPIK
1.1 Differentiation of Polynomials

1.2 Differentiation of Trigonometric Functions

1.3 Differentiation of Exponential Functions

1.4 Differentiation of Logarithmic Functions

1.5 Techniques of Differentiation

 LO :
• At the end of lesson, student should be
able to
• Differentiate polynomials u\
• Differentiate the trigonometric functions
by using appropriate formula.
• Differentiate the exponential functions
by using appropriate formula
• Differentiate the logarithmic functions
by using appropriate formula.
 differentiation

𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 derivatives
1.1 Differentiation of polynomials

y dy
dx

1. c 0

2. kx k

3. xn nxn-1

4. axn anxn-1
So far we differentiate polynomial expressions. For example,
𝑑𝑦
y = x4 + 3  = 4x3
𝑑𝑥
We can also differentiate if it written as a function. For example,

y(x) = x4 + 3  y’(x) = 4x3

or
f(x) = x4 + 3  f’(x) = 4x3

𝑑𝑦
The two statements y = x4 + 3 and = 4x3 can be combined and written
𝑑𝑥
as a single statement that imply we need to differentiate. For example,

𝑑
(x4 + 3) = 4x3
𝑑𝑥
 y

1. c 0

2. kx k

3. xn nxn-1
dy
Find of the following polynomials. 4. axn anxn-1
dx

a) y2 d) y  3x 6
b) y  8 e) y
3 3
x
1 5
c) y 7
3 f) y  6 x 3
 y

1. c 0

2. kx k

3. xn nxn-1

EXAMPLE 1.2 4. axn anxn-1

Find f ' ( x) of the following polynomials.

1
a) f ( x)  x 4 d) f ( x) 
2x 2
x4
b) f ( x)  e) f ( x)  x
8
4
c) f ( x)  2
x
 EXAMPLE 1.3

Differentiate with respect to x the following functions.

a) y  2x 2  x
b) y  3x 4  4 x 3  x
c) y  x 3  2x 2  5 x  7
2 4
d) y  x5  x3  2
5 x
 1.2 Differentiation of trigonometric function
FORMULA
EXAMPLE 1.4
d
sinx   cos x
Differentiate each of the following with respect to x : dx
d
cos x    sinx
a) y  sin x b) y  2 tan x c) y  2 sin x  3 cos x dx

d) y  sin 2 x
3
e) y  tan 3x  1
d
tan x   sec2 x
dx

d
sin u  cos u  d u
dx dx

d
cos u    sin u  d u
dx dx

d
tan u   sec2 u  d u
dx dx
 1.3 Differentiation of exponential function

EXAMPLE 1.5 FORMULA

dx
 
d x
e  ex
Differentiate each of the following with respect to x :
d u u d
e e  u
a) y  3e x b) y  e3 x
dx dx

c) y  e 2 x 1
 1.4 Differentiation of logarithmic function
FORMULA
d
ln x   1
EXAMPLE 1.6 dx x

Differentiate each of the following with respect to x :

d
ln u   1  d u
dx x dx

a) y  3 ln x b) y  lnx 4
c)  
y  ln 3 x 2 d) y  ln2x  1
Differentiate the following functions.

2
a) y  3sin x b) y  cos x
5

c) y  cos 2x d) y  cos2  x 

1 
e) y  6 tan x  f) y  tan6  5x 
3 

g) y  sin1  3 x 
1
h) y  cos x  4 sin5x
3

1 
i) y  8 tan x  2  j) y  sin4x 2
4 
 DIFFERENTIATION
Technique of Differentiation
 QUIZ (4 minutes)
Find the derivatives of the following
functions
x2
1. f(x) = + π − 5x
4
2. f(x) = esin 4x
4
3. f(x) = 5 ln ( x – 7 )
5
 answer
x
1. f'(x) = − 5
2
sin 4x
2. f'(x) = 4 (cos 4x) e
4
3. f'(x) =
(4 x – 7 )
5
Techniques of Differentiation
product rule
y’ = vu’ + uv’
y = uv

quotient rule vu′ − uv′

Techniques u y=
y=
v v2

dy dy du
chain rule = ×
y = f(u) and u = f(x) dx du dx
Product rule : y = uv
Example

i. y = x2 (3x5 – 2x)
y = uv
y’ = vu’ + uv’ ii. y = (x2+3x)(3x – 2)
iii. y = x2 cos x
iv. y = ex sin x
v. y = tan x (ln x)
 u
Quotient rule : y =
v
Example

x2 u
i. y= y=
(3x5 – 2x) v
x2 vu′ − uv′
ii. y=
sin 2x y=
cosx v2
iii. y=
e2x

tanx
iv. y=
ln x

8x
v. y=
ln x
 Chain rule : y = f(u)
If • Example

y = f(u) and u = f(x) i. y = (3x – 2)5

Then ii. y = 4(3x – 2)5

iii. y = 4(3x3 – 2)5
dy dy du
= × iv. y = 4(3x3 – 2x)5
dx du dx
 Chain rule : y = f(u)
If • Example

y = f(u) and u = f(x) i. y = 8 cos (6x - 7)

Then ii. y = 2e(3x – 2)

iii. y = ln (4x – 2)
dy dy du
= × iv. y = ln (sin (4x – 2))
dx du dx