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Introduction
- Production standard
- Food security, including measures to ensure no chemical contamination
or physical contamination.
- Environmental work in accordance with the labor of the farmer
- Product traceability from production to consumption.
1. Production
Cereal (65.1%)
The net house was built in 1997 under a project of Government of Vietnam
in which Government supported the cooperative to build the facilities at the
beginning. During the time from 2010 to 2016, Syngenta Vietnam supported to
maintain the facilities inside the net-house and provide fertilizers and various types
of pesticides. From 2016 till now, farmers have maintained the net-house with their
own capital.
Each farmer pays an amount of 6 million VND for 1000m2 in the net-house
and 1 million VND for 1 hectare outdoors, and receives training in irrigation,
pesticide and fertilizer use, and post-harvest routines.
However, the cultivation system and irrigation systems in both outdoor field
and net-house are simple. Water is taken from individual wells or the river nearby
by a pump and irrigated to the field in conventional methods by irrigation tubes
without drip or sprinkler systems. In addition, there is no high technology applying
in farming except for a simple tillage machine that is used to loosen soil before
each season. Almost farming practices here are based on traditional methods with
traditional tools.
Brassica (70%)
Like seeds, fertilizers are imported from local stores and local providers in
which, manure occupies approximately 90% and 10% remaining are NPK
fertilizers. The average amount of manure is 250kg/sao, and NPK is 20kg/sao
(shown in chart 3). The fertilizer use is following VietGap principles under the
inspection of the Cooperative.
Chart 3. Fertilizers
Manure
NPK
Besides weather, pests and diseases are severe factors that are facing farmers
in Tien Le Cooperative. The most harmful pests are Striped Flea Beetle
(Phyllotreta Striolata) belonging to Order Coleopera, and Diamondback Moth
(Plutella Xylostella) belonging to Order Lepidoptera. Generally, farmers
cultivating in the outdoor field are more affected by damaging factors than those
who are cultivating inside the net-house.
Table 1. Investigated data based on 6 patterns collecting from 6 smallholders cultivating vegetable in Tien Le
Cooperative, Tien Le, Tien Yen, Hoai Duc, Hanoi
Productivity
Area (m2)
Location
Profit/1000m2
Output
Yield
No.
Fertilizer
Other
Labor
Seed
Land
Net 8.5 82.9 63.7
1 4 2 1300 5 24 0 7.8 3 11.1 14.4 Contract 122.7
house
In this cooperative, all holders are specialized wholesaler for vegetable for
middle men or companies. In total 12 – 15 tons vegetable production a day, about
thirty percent of products are bought by middle men and other seventy percent are
bought by companies such as An Viet, Lien Anh, etc. Especially, they make annual
contracts with a company named Gia Hung in which they have to provide at least
300 kilograms (vegetable from net house) a day by 8.500 VND per kilogram. The
contracts can be modified and signed at the beginning of each year, depending on
the needs and abilities of the parties. It brings not only stable prices but also stable
markets for farmers. However, it is necessary to produce enough productivity as
what they said they would in their contracts. When the contract is breached on one
side, breach side has to pay price support for the other.
The results of our survey show that there is a significant income disparity
between the producers in the net house and the producers in the field. In the net
house, even farmer have to pay higher money for renting a land, they are still get
higher income and higher revenue with 62.9 to 65.8 million VND per a thousand
square meters per year (chart 4) because they signed the contract with companies in
which the price of vegetable constantly is 8,500VND per kilogram and invested
less fertilizers, pesticides and others than outdoor.
For outdoor farmers, the investment for renting land is lower but other
investments are higher. And the price of production is unstable because they did
not sign contract with any company. Therefore, their income and revenue are lower
than farmers in net house, in which their revenue are from 37.0 to 44.4 million
VND per a thousand square meters per year (chart 4).
70
60
50
40
Price
30 Rev/1000m2
20
10
0
Net 1 Net 2 Net 3 Out 1 Out 2 Out 3
a. SWOT Analysis
The acronym SWOT refers to the strengths and weaknesses of the service
and the opportunities and threats which it faces. SWOT analysis can be applied to
develop and extend the conclusions drawn from investigation of the external
environment. It seeks to identify the opportunities and threats in the external
environment and the strengths and weaknesses of existing resources and activities
which might be used to take advantage of opportunities or avert threats. The
analysis enables informed decisions to be taken about the ability of the existing
records service to contribute to the development of a new programme (Ifediora C
et al, 2014)
b. Suggestion
Vietnam
Known accross Vietnam as producer of Promote the product Open Investment
safe vegetable
Few farm have vietGAP certificate Find new company Make a label of the product
Sell the yield of the farm to other
company
The farm has good products with VietGAP certificate a nice promotion is
required to make it known across the country by make a flyer or by internet. To
overcome the weakness in investment the farm can open an investment so they can
buy machine and have modern irrigation. Beside of open an investment they can
make a label of the product or just simply as the government to make it, so their
product will be known easily. The extension workers ask the farmers about the
problem in their field and the extension worker accompany the farmers to solve the
problem.
IV. Conclusion
Pest and disease control were observed by using IPM and biological
pesticides to protect from fungi and pest. However, there are several pests that are
hard to control
Producers in Tien Le cooperative do not have their own trade; therefore they
mostly depend on companies and middlemen for marketing the products.
Prevention of bad condition and disaster for outdoor fields needs more
attention from committee.
V. References
Rau Tiền Lệ: An toàn từ đồng ruộng đến bàn ăn- Bùi Anh Phương-25/4/2016