BTE3233 - TUTORIAL CHAPTER 2 (ANSWER)

CALCULATION QUESTIONS
1. Determine the second, third, and total harmonic distortion for a repetitive wave with a
fundamental frequency amplitude of 10V(rms), a second harmonic amplitude of
0.2V(rms), and a third harmonic amplitude of 0.1V(rms).
0.02, 0.01, 0.00223

2. For an amplifier with a sine wave input frequencies of 4kHz and 7kHz, determine the
first three harmonics present in the output for each input frequency and cross-product
frequencies produced for values of m and n of 1 and 2.
8, 12, 16 kHz
14, 21, 28 kHz
11 & 3 kHz, 18 & 10 kHz, 15 & 1 kHz, 22 & 6 kHz

3. Draw the output spectrum for the harmonics and cross-product frequencies determined
in Question 2.

1 3 6 8 10 11 14 15 16 18 21 22 28
Frequency (kHz)

4. For the train of square waves shown in figure below,

(a) determine the peak amplitudes and frequencies of the first five odd harmonics
(b) draw the frequency spectrum
0.5 ms
+4 V

0V Time

-4V
0.5 ms
(a) 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 kHz
4V
(b) 5.09 Vp, 1.69 Vp, 1.02 Vp, 0.73 Vp, 0.57 Vp => Vn 
n

5. Determine the first three harmonics of the waveforms shown below.

100,200, 300 kHz

T = 10s

1
6. Describe the spectrum below. Determine the type of amplifier (linear or nonlinear) and
frequency content of the input signal.
8V
3V

1V
0.5 V
0.1 V

1 2 3 4 5
Frequency (kHz)

Nonlinear amplifier with a single input frequency

7. Determine the fundamental frequency for waveform shown below.

T = 0.1 ms
10 kHz

8. For the train of square wave shown below,

(a) determine the amplitudes of five harmonics
1st harmonics = 500 Hz, V1 = 10.19 Vp
2nd harmonics = 1500 Hz, V3 = 3.4 Vp
3rd harmonics = 2500 Hz, V5 = 2.04 Vp
(b) draw the frequency spectrum
(c) Sketch the time-domain signal for frequency components including the first five
harmonics.
1 ms 1 ms
+8 V
0V
-8V

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Define frequency spectrum and bandwidth.
2. Describe what is meant by linear summing and nonlinear mixing.
3. What is the main different between harmonic distortion and intermodulation
distortion?
4. Describe time-domain and give an example of time-domain instruments.
5. Explain frequency-domain and give an example of frequency-domain instruments.