HWM - 8

Joseph Haydn (1732-1809)

• 1760-61 Music director (Kapellmeister) for Count Morzin
• 1760-66 Vice-Kapellmeister
• Prince Paul Anton II Esterházy (1711-65)
• Nikolaus I “The Magnificent” Esterházy (1714-1790)
• Summer palace in Eisenstadt (Austria)
• 1766-1790 Kapellmeister at Esterházy
• Develops sonata form (sonata-allegro form, first-movement form) to the standard as we
know it today
• 1791-92 and 94-95 London visits
• Twelve public symphonies (London symphonies)
• 1796 Kapellmeister at Esterházy (Nikolaus II)

Compositions
Over 750 works, including
• 106 symphonies (published in Paris: 82-87; London 93-104)
Symphony 45 in F#-minor (“Farewell”) IV: Finale. Presto, Adagio
Symphony 94 in G major (“Surprise”). II. Theme and variations
• 13 operas, 1 Singspiel, 3 oratorios (Die Schöpfung, & Die Jahreszeiten)
• 62 piano sonatas
• 83 string quartets
• 44 piano trios (piano, cello and violin or flute)
• 14 Masses
• 16 ouvertures
• 150+ works for baryton
• 340+ arrangements of Scottish and Welsh songs

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)

• Performs keyboard and violin at early age, first composition at 5
• 1762-1773 Performances at courts and musical centers in Europe: Germany, Vienna, Prague,
Paris, London, The Hague, Italy
• Meets Johann Christian Bach (the London Bach)
• 1773-81 Musician at the court of Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg
• 1777-78 In search of work in Paris and other cities
• 1781 Settles in Vienna as freelancer
• Keyboard player and composer of operas and (piano) concertos
• Meets Haydn, studies Bach and Handel
• Dec. 5, 1791 dies of an unknown illness
• Mozart and Haydn are the first canonized composers: Their works have become examplary
• Virtually all of Mozart’s works have remained on the repertoire

Compositions
Over 625 works, including
• Singspiele (German comic opera with spoken dialogue), such as
• Bastien und Bastienne (K. 50), Die Entführung aus dem Serail (K. 384), Die Zauberflöte (K. 620)
• Italian opera buffa (comic opera): middle-class characters, comic plots, attractive melodies, such
as
• Le nozze di Figaro (K. 492), Don Giovanni (K. 527), Così fan tutte (K. 588)
• Italian opera seria, such as
• Mitridate (K. 87), Idomeneo (K 366), La Clemenza di Tito (K. 621)
• 41 Symphonies (final three written without being commissioned)
Symphony No. 39 in E flat Major (K. 543), II. Andante con moto
• 27 Concertos for piano, 5 for violin, 4 for horn, 7 for woodwinds
Horn Concerto No. 2 in E flat major (1783, K. 417), III. Rondo
• 18 Piano sonates, 16 Variations, other keyboard works
12 Variations on “Ah, vous dirai-je, maman” (K. 265)
Piano sonata No. 16 in C (K. 545), I. Allegro (see HWM 5)
• 36 Violin sonatas, 23 string quartets, 6 string quintets
• Serenades, divertimenti, marches, dances
• 18 Masses, including the Requiem Mass (K. 626)