Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
A1-2
PARALLEL ORAL PRESENTATIONS Microaggressions, Coping, and Identity of
A1 TO A8 Sexual Minorities
September 20, 2017
02:30 PM – 04:00 PM Previous literature has described the
microaggressions experienced by sexual
minorities and the coming out processes that
SESSION A1 take place in the context of their sexual identity
02:30 PM – 04:00
SYMPOSIUM: PM
Challenges Facing LGBT development. This study attempts to explore
Filipinos qualitatively how microaggressions may
facilitate the coming out process of sexual
Convenor: Beatriz A. Torre minorities, through the lens of positive
University of the Philippines-Diliman psychology. The study utilized a qualitative
research approach, using snowball sampling
method to select respondents. Thirteen
A1-1 respondents from Albay, ages 25 to 40 years
“Maiba Taya”: Determinants of old, participated in the study. Results reveal
Differences in that microaggressions and other homonegative
experiences facilitated the affirmation of their
Individuals have a predisposition to judge sexual identity, rather than hindered it.
objects, situations, groups of people, and even Respondents engaged in coping strategies that
ideals, with or without consciousness of how enhanced resilience to deal with
such states of mind were acquired. Attitude microaggressions, and were able to develop
formation as a complex phenomenon is character strengths which aided them in their
believed to stem from an interplay of biology, sexual identity development. Implications on
cognition, experience, and environment. sexual identity development and counseling of
Previous studies show that sex, religiosity, sexual minorities are also discussed.
level of education, personal contact, among
A1-3
others, predict attitudes toward gay men and
Nang Nagliwanag ang Dilim: The
lesbians (Herek & Capitanio, 1996; Lingiardi et Challenges and Experiences of Coming Out
al., 2016; Whitley, 2009). However, evidences of Selected Filipina Lesbians
vary across countries (Adamsky & Pitt, 2009;
Kelly, 2001; Steffens, Jonas, & Denger, 2014) This study gathered data from selected Filipina
and are dominated by Western samples butch lesbians about their different challenges
(Whitley, 2001). This study aimed to explore and experiences of coming out. Ten Filipina
these hypothesized predictors with 381 Filipino butch lesbians from Metro Manila, Philippines
university students as participants. Findings aged 18-30 years old participated in semi-
show converging results, but also reveal structured interviews employing Interpretative
interesting insights. Examples include Phenomenological Analysis as a data analysis
differences in attitudes among students coming approach. The results were found to be
from different high schools and social strata. consistent with the existing coming out models
The study also tested how much effect these such as the Cass’ (1979) model of sexual
predictors have in the formation of attitudes identity formation and Troiden’s (1988)
toward gay men and lesbians. Implications of sensitization-confusion-assumption-
the study and recommendations for future commitment model. Butch lesbians came out
research will be discussed. indirectly and disclosure only happened
through confrontation which made them face a
variety of challenges before, during and after
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
SESSION A3 SESSION A4
LEARNING SESSION: Applications of Marriage and Motherhood
Mindfulness in Families and Schools: A
Developmental Approach Moderator: Grace Aguiling-Dalisay
University of the Philippines-Diliman
Facilitators: Rachel Parr & Ma. Lourdes
Carandang A4-1
MLAC Institute of Psychosocial Services Women in Polygynous Marriages: Their
Perceptions and Experiences
shows that there is a significant positive Social Connectedness, and Social Anxiety of
relationship between psychological risk factors 270, (90-Low; 90- Moderate; 90 High) early
and cyberbullying; SNS usage and adolescent Smartphone Addict Users (SAU) in
cyberbullying. Moreover, behavioral intention Iligan City, classified according to Smartphone
and vicarious reinforcement predict Addiction Scale. The instruments used to
cyberbullying. gather data were Barrat Impulsiveness Scale
(BIS), Material Values Scale (MVS), Self-
A5-2 Regulation Scale (SRS), Social
The Effects of Social Media Envy on Connectedness Scale-Revised (SCS-R), and
Ill-Being and Well-Being: A Mediation Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). T-test,
Analysis Pearson correlation and multiple regression
analysis were used in analyzing the results.
Marie Therese Ocampo & Queena Lee-Chua Findings showed that for Low SAU, self-
Ateneo de Manila University regulation was the predictor of their social
anxiety. Moreover, results revealed significant
Most studies that seek to understand the positive relationship between impulsiveness
effects of social media have primarily focused and social anxiety, a significant negative
on Facebook, frequency of use, and on either relationship between impulsiveness and self-
ill-being or well-being. This study looked at the regulation, and between materialism and social
psychological constructs that help explain the connectedness. For Moderate SAU,
relationship between social media use and impulsiveness serves as predictor of their
symptoms of depression. The mediating role of social anxiety. Moreover, findings revealed a
well-being (i.e., life satisfaction and self- significant negative relationship between
acceptance) was tested. A survey was impulsiveness and social connectedness. And
administered to 396 Filipino students in private for the High SAU, self-regulation serves as
secondary schools. Data was analyzed using predictor of their social connectedness.
structural equation modeling. Results showed Results also showed a significant negative
that social media envy significantly predicted relationship between social connectedness
symptoms of depression, specifically those that and social anxiety. The implications of this
tend to feel more envious are likely to study would help bring self-regulation and self-
experience more symptoms of depression. awareness towards smart handling of smart
Among the components of well-being, only life phone Users and the importance of being
satisfaction was found to be a significant partial physically connected with loved ones.
mediator of the relationship between social
media envy and symptoms of depression. The
relationships among the variables are A5-4
explained further by the cognitive emotion Parent-Child Relationship on Internet
theory and the social comparison theory. Gaming Addiction: The Mediating Role of
Mental Health
A5-3
Smartphone Users: Impulsiveness, Erik C. de la Seña, Imelu G. Mordeno, Aprelle
Materialism, Self-regulation, Social Lyn G. Paral, Geraldine G. Moquiala & Guadel
Connectedness, and Social Anxiety Mae J. Eder
Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of
Alma G. Maranda, Roshe Ana Vina Openiano, Technology
Kathreena Lagura & Irish Jane Osorio
Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Internet addiction, as an increasingly
Technology recognized disorder (Laconi et al., 2014), has
been known to be significantly associated with
This study determined the differences, poor family situations at home (Zarnaghash et
relationship, and predictors in the levels of al., 2013; Ge et al., 2015; Xiuqin et al., 2010).
Impulsiveness, Materialism, Self-Regulation,
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
Despite the studies indicating the influence of are the positive changes in its community’s
family in the development of internet gaming life. These changes include the fivefold
addiction, the mediating mechanisms increase in local income, the awareness and
accounting for this relationship has yet to be use of integrative medicine in 44 barangays,
investigated. This study asserts that mental the growing number of sustainable organic
health mediates the effect of parent-child farmers, the significant number of
relationship to internet gaming addiction. The professionals coming from the ancestral
findings from a sample of 412 college internet domains, the zero-crime rate, and the freedom
gamer students who answered a packet of from smoking, gambling, illegal drugs, large-
scales (i.e., Parent-Child Closeness Scale, scale mining, and armed groups. Poverty and
DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom social problems seemed insurmountable when
Measure–Adult, Internet Gaming Disorder local government leaders and the people of
Test) confirmed that the quality of parent-child Dumingag began their transformation journey.
relationship influences the severity of the Nonetheless, having a clear vision grounded
internet gaming addiction through affecting the on a sound situational analysis of economic
gamers’ mental health, specifically in the and social realities; utilizing a systems
domains of sleep problems, repetitive approach that considered all aspects needing
thoughts and behaviors, and substance use. change; using innovative strategies and
These results are relevant in understanding programs that maximized the resources of the
the role of the family and mental health in the municipality relevant to the people; and having
development and maintenance of the internet leaders of strong political will, competence
gaming addiction. The results have important and integrity, made genuine development
implications in developing specific possible for Dumingag.
interventions targeting family dynamics and
mental health of the online gamers.
A6-2
Innovations in City Development: The
Marikina Experience
City are said to be the product of the synergy Literatures have shown mothers who work
of the efforts of the citizenry and its executive abroad leaving their children and family with
branch. It is hoped that the culture of the intentions to provide a better life and future
sustaining the environment has already for their love ones. This phenomenon has
become a way of life for the Marikina showed different effects on the life of their
residents. children. Using the qualitative research design,
this study examined the experiences of Filipino
A6-3 From Poverty to Sustainability: The children left behind by feminized labor
Bohol Experience migration. The findings yielded significant
themes indicating both positive and negative
Ma. Ligaya Menguito experiences. The participants reported that
Ateneo de Manila University they have gained financial benefits and
security. Also, participants revealed that they
Situated between Eastern and Central became more independent in doing their tasks
Visayas, the island province of Bohol is more and have developed closer interpersonal
popularly known for its “Chocolate Hills,” the relationships with their significant others like
hay rock-shaped hills scattered on the island, family relatives and friends. On the other hand,
and its tarsiers, the small nocturnal primates the participants expressed their sadness
that find their home in the trees of the island. because of missing their mothers. Further,
Beyond the magnificent natural resources of participants expressed longing for maternal
this island province, Bohol has also become care and support. Also, the participants
an exemplar in local government reported that they have gained added
transformation. Looking at the island responsibilities at home such as taking care of
province’s journey to sustainability, several their household and their siblings. Moreover,
factors played a key role in its transformation: with these challenges and difficulties, the
the leadership of the LGU; the sustained focus participants used different coping strategies
on key priority areas and programs of different like constant communication with their
administrations; strategic partnerships with mothers, finding social support, and turning to
agencies; legislative support given to its key prayers. Implications of the study may serve as
programs; technology; and the tireless work of basis to better understand the variables
the change agents ensured that all change- studied and help create programs and
related efforts were cascaded and clearly interventions among the population studied.
understood by everyone in the LGU and the
rest of the province. A7-2
Sugbuanong Taras: A Glimpse of Cebuano
Personality
SESSION A7
Social Psychological Narratives Nera Puyo,
University of San Carlos—Recoletos
Moderator: Ferdinand Pingul Philip Albert Lagahid
University of Asia and the Pacific Southwestern University PHINMA
goes about his daily life. Theoretical sampling and 81 came from Visayas. There were 106
was used in the selection of samples. The females and 56 males from Mindanao (mean
Cebuanos’ common behaviors, ways of age = 19 years, SD = 3.87 years) whereas 44
thinking, and ways of feelings were considered females and 24 males from Visayas (mean age
as samples in the study. Thematic analysis = 30.83 years, SD = 10.61 years). Results of
was also used in the interpretation of data and independent samples t-test indicated that
results. Results showed three concepts that geographical location does not influence the
describe Cebuano personality: “Espirituhanon” social identity and perceived prejudice of the
shows belief in God, spiritual beings, and life respondents. Interestingly, regression analysis
after death; “Garbo” shows the dignity and showed that perceived prejudice predicted
pride with which the Cebuano protects his or decreased individual mobility, but increased
her sense of self-esteem; and “Lumadnon” social competition and social creativity. Finally,
shows the love for one’s family, origin, and in comparing the most used identity
community. The interrelation of the three management strategies of the respondents,
character traits describes the proposed theory one-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed
on Cebuano personality, the “Sugboanong’ that Mindanao Muslim respondents leaned
Taras.” This, however, does not define the more on social competition whereas Visayas
entirety of Cebuano personality but is rather on social creativity. The present study provides
offered as an aid in understanding Cebuano better understanding into the psychological
characteristics and personality. make-up of the Filipino Muslims through the
perspective of social identity theory.
A7-3 A7-4
The Filipino Muslims: Understanding Discourse and Disaster Risk: Meaning-
Social Identity, Perceived Prejudice and Making Among Typhoon Pablo Survivors
Identity Management Strategies
Moniq M. Muyargas, MA, Marshaley J.
Keith David T. Lajot, Jame Bryan L. Batara, Baquiano, & Aniceta Patricia T. Alingasa
Leomar C. Hermosilla, Honey Darl University of the Philippines-Visayas
Blanco,Monique A. Balasabas & Claire R.
Yrog-irog This study looked at how Typhoon Pablo
University of San Carlos survivors understood disaster risk using the
lens of the Social Representations Theory.
Social identity is an integral part of a person as Free association technique was employed in
an individual and as a participating agent in the gathering data from a pool of 147 participants
society. One’s social identity has an influence from Davao Oriental. The participants’
in his/her interaction with others and how understanding of disaster risk before and after
he/she attaches meanings on his/her social the typhoon was examined through thematic
interactions and perceptions (Tajfel & Turner, analysis. Before—and even during—the
1974). In the present study, we have looked typhoon, social representations centered on
into the minority group, the Filipino Muslims, the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral
from Visayas and Mindanao and investigated dismissal of disaster risk. After the typhoon,
whether their geographical location influenced social representations centered on hazard and
their social identity and perceived prejudice. exposure to hazard. However, there was little
Moreover, we also investigated perceived to no discourse on the community’s
prejudice as a predictor of the Identity vulnerability—the characteristics which make
Management Strategies (i.e., Individual them susceptible to hazards. This shows that,
Mobility, Social Competition and Social even after the experience, the community’s
Creativity) and the dominant identity understanding of disaster risk is still lacking.
management strategies used by the The occurrence of Typhoon Pablo, which was
respondents. A total of 243 respondents were an unfamiliar event, also instigated symbolic
gathered in which 162 came from Mindanao
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
02:30 PM – 04:00 PM
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
B3-4 B4-1
Positive Criminology and Risk of Relapse Implicit Theories of Emotions and Well-
Among Drug Surrenders being
Arianne S. Alvarez, Nerrie M. Tanyag, Esther Elmer Dela Rosa, Ronel B. King, Jullien Mae
M. Fabrero, Myrtle C. Orbon, Mylene S. A. Aying, & Carmel Caballero
Gumarao, Jezamine R. De Leon & Sheryl Ann Central Luzon State University; The Education
M. Castillo University of Hongkong
Adventist University of the Philippines
Previous research on implicit theories has
The study determined the level of positive mostly focused on the role of implicit theories
criminology, the risk of relapse and its of intelligence in learning. However, aside from
relationship. Positive criminology includes implicit theories of intelligence, individuals also
spirituality, social acceptance, resilience, and hold different implicit theories of emotions:
restorative justice. The respondents of the Some view emotions as fixed (entity theorists),
study are 106 drug surrenderers who were while others view emotions as malleable
randomly selected from one of the regions in (incremental theorists). Implicit theories of
the Philippines. The respondents were given emotions have not received enough attention
the positive criminology scale and the risk of in the literature. The aim of this study,
relapse questionnaires. Most of the therefore, was to examine how implicit theories
respondents are males (n=75) and are single. of emotions are associated with well-being. We
The age of the respondents includes below 36 surveyed 355 Filipino college students about
and above 50 years old. The result shows that their implicit theories of emotions and a wide
the resiliency of the respondents is very high; range of well-being outcomes (anxiety,
spirituality, social acceptance and restorative depression, life satisfaction). Using hierarchical
justice are high and the level of risk of relapse regression analyses, we found that individuals
is low. In addition, spirituality and social who think emotions are fixed (entity theorists)
acceptance have significant negative were more likely to suffer from anxiety and
correlation with the risk of relapse. This implies depression problems. They also had lower
that the more the respondents are involved in levels of well-being even after controlling for
spiritual activities and the more they feel the effects of demographic variables (gender,
accepted, the lower their level of risk of relapse. age, socioeconomic status) and implicit
Moreover, gender and marital status have no theories of intelligence. This study underscores
significant difference in the risk of relapse the importance of implicit theories of emotions
except for age group. The age group 37 – 49 in understanding well-being.
years old have a higher level of risk of relapse Keywords: emotions, implicit theories, well-
than those respondents who are above 50 being, anxiety, depression
years old.
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
Jojet Mondares
B5-1 ARTPsych Art Gallery and Psychological
Karga Tapas: A Phenomenological Study Services, START by Jet Mondares, COPERS
of Child Laborers in Sugarcane Plantations
This presentation is based from a study entitled
Augil Marie Robles “Therapeutic Storytelling Intervention for
University of the Philippines Visayas Children in Distress due to Calamities.” Ten
experts in the field of psychosocial intervention
This phenomenological study focused on the from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao
lived experiences of children who were participated as informants in the study. The
employed in sugarcane plantations. Four “Delphi Method”, a consensus building
children, two males and two females aged 14- technique using a series of questionnaires
17 years, who have been employed on their delivered using multiple iterations to collect
own or under their parents’ names as data from a panel of selected experts, was
sugarcane field laborers were recruited from used to come-up with a consensus as to the
rural, agricultural-based communities located strengths and weaknesses of “Ang Langgam
within or near haciendas in Talisay City, na Matapang”, a therapeutic intervention for
Negros Occidental. children during calamities. A total of 149
comments pertaining to the material’s
Methodology for this study consisted of appropriateness for children, theoretical
conducting semi-structured interviews with the grounding, and cultural fairness were gathered
children and their accounts were analyzed after four Delphi questionnaires. After careful
using Interpretative Phenomenological coding and clustering of the data, several
Analysis (IPA). The results of this study reflect elements of Interactive Story Telling
the children’s lived experiences in relation to Intervention (ITSI) for children were abstracted.
three general areas: Experiences as a Family For the appropriateness of the material for
Member inside a Household, Experiences as a children, the elements are “appeal to children”
Student in School, and Experiences as a and “simplicity.” For the theoretical grounding
Worker in the Sugarcane Field. The lack of of the material, the elements are “appropriate
financial resources and witnessing the story telling” and “Psychosocial Intervention”
struggles of their parents were common principles; and for Cultural Fairness of the
experiences within their families which were material, the elements are “Flexibility” and
identified as the primary reasons for seeking “Generalizability.”
employment. Work in the sugarcane field is
characterized by exposure to hazardous
environment and heavy work tasks which had
negative implications on their physical health,
emotional well-being, and schooling.
Relationship with their peers and co-workers
provided social and financial support but were
also a source of conflict and negative
influences. Using IPA as a framework for
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
B5-3 Recommendation
Paglaum nga Tinago: The Effect of Art Based on the findings and conclusion, the
Therapy Among the Children in Conflict following is recommended: For the Gender and
with the Law Development Focal of Brgy. Tinago, to conduct
regular Art Therapy sessions to continuously
Aron Harold G. Pamoso develop the CICLs’ Self-Concept, Self-Esteem
University of Southern Philippines Foundation which will be a foundation in setting forth the
exploration of their Social Self and Self-
Objectives and Scope Regulation.
This study aimed to see the effects of Art
therapy to the children in conflict with the law’s B5-4
self-Kaugalingong mitna (self-concept), Issues and Challenges in Using an Online
katilingbanong kaugalingon (social-self), Monitoring Tool for Children with Special
kaugalingong bili (self-esteem) and Needs
kaugalingong pag-bangbang (self-regulation).
Toni May Singson, Fritz Kevin Flores, Gregory
Findings Cu, Jocelyn Cu & Merlin Teodosia Suarez
The study found out that all of the respondents De La Salle University-Manila
during the Pre-test session had low levels of on
the components of Self: Kaugalingong Mitna Progressio is an online monitoring tool for
(Self-Concept), Katilingbanong Kaugalingon children with special needs. It is mainly an
(Social Self), Kaugalingong Bili (Self-Esteem), application that is accessible using any
and Kaugalingong Pag-bangbang (Self- computers or mobile devices. The Progressio
regulation). Furthermore, the study found that app for parents allows them to view their child’s
respondents during the Posttest session had therapy sessions online, monitor their child’s
increased in all components of the Self: progress over time, and discuss concerns with
Kaugalingong Mitna (Self-Concept), their child’s therapists and/or doctors. The
Katilingbanong Kaugalingon (Social Self), Progressio app for therapists allows them to
Kaugalingong Bili (Self-Esteem), and record the child’s therapy sessions and
Kaugalingong Pag-bangbang (Self-regulation) generate reports and visualizations regarding
from below average to average except for the the child’s progress. The app also helps the
Katilingbanong Kaugalingon (Social Self). therapists/doctors assess whether the
Finally, the study found that there was a recommended therapy is working or not, such
significant difference between the Pre-test and that they can provide timely interventions as
Post-test of the Children in Conflict with the needed.
Law on two components of the Self: Mitna sa
Kaugalingon (Self-Concept) with a P-value of Parents, therapists, doctors, and center
0.005 , and on Kaugalingong Bili (Self-Esteem) owners have their own motivations and
with a P-value of 0.012. hesitations in using technology, especially
when it comes to children with special needs.
Conclusion There have been ethical, professional, and
The study found out that there was a significant privacy issues that arise in the usage of
difference between the Pre and Post test Intelli5ense. Some might find it reassuring and
conducted on the Children in Conflict with the useful; while others might find this intrusive on
Law on two components of the self: their private affairs. This paper reports on the
Kaugalingong Mitna (Self-Concept) and results of the interviews done on all
Kaugalingong Bili (Self- Esteem). Therefore, it stakeholders and presents an analysis of their
could be concluded that this study proved that sentiments regarding the usage of an online
Art Therapy was effective in increasing the monitoring tool like Progressio.
CICLs’ Self-Concept and Self-Esteem.
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
emphasis for psychosocial help or assistance parents are their faith, “bayanihan” or helping
like counseling. The results gave insights in the one another, overactivity, doing relaxing things,
mental health and psychological well-being of creativity and humour. In contrast, smoking
Filipino young adults with cancer. and alcoholism are some of the negative ways
Keywords: cancer, life, mental model, of coping for Filipino parents.
perceptions, well-being, mental health This study looked into the experiences and
coping strategies of Filipino parents with
B6-4 children battling cancer. Five (5) parents with
Experiences and Coping Strategies of children battling cancer and at the moment
Filipino Parents with Children Battling undergoing the medical treatment were the
Cancer: A Phenomenological Approach respondents of this study. These parents
underwent a phenomenological interview.
Ralf Randall P. Valencia Their lives before diagnosis, their thoughts and
Saint Louis University feelings upon diagnosis of childhood cancer,
their thoughts and feelings during medical
Summary: treatment, how they manage their daily lives,
Childhood cancer has been depicted as one of common challenges encountered and their
the most intrusive and disruptive experience coping strategy were shared by the
one can ever undergo. It not only affects the participants.
children afflicted with the illness but also their
families and the people around them. In the Summary of Findings and Conclusions:
Philippines, around 2500 children are Parents’ lives were described as a simple and
diagnosed with this life threatening illness ordinary before one of their children were
yearly. In addition, low survival rate has been diagnosed with childhood cancer. In addition,
recorded in the Philippines due to late the parents narrated that though their families
diagnosis and termination of the medical are not well off, they were still happy and
treatment. During the diagnosis of childhood content with whatever they have because they
cancer, parents are to experience different were living as a whole family. This depiction of
negative emotions such as shock, disbelief, their lives was altered once one of their children
denial, anger, pain, and uncertainty. In addition got diagnosed with cancer. Upon the diagnosis
to experiencing these negative emotions, of cancer to one of their children, parents
parents are also made to make decisions on experienced different negative emotions and
whether their children are to go through the thoughts that caused distress in an instant.
harsh and unforgiving medical treatment. Upon learning that their children were
Parents’ decisions to push through with the diagnosed with cancer , parents quickly were in
medical treatment are dependent on the type denial and started questioning the results of the
of the cancer, the stage of the cancer and the laboratory tests and questioned the credibility
prognosis of the doctor. Their decision also of the doctor who assessed their children.
means the instigation of new roles and Furthermore, parents also felt like as if they
responsibilities connected to pediatric care. were in a roller coaster ride and or in a very bad
As an effect of the instigation of the new nightmare. Aside from disbelief and denial,
responsibilities, parents experience anxiety, parents experience an unexplainable feeling of
depression, guilt, sleep disorders, somatic emotional pain that is caused by the shock of
disorders, and risk behaviour such as smoking their children being diagnosed with a life
and alcoholism. Different social consequences threatening illness.
such as decreased marital satisfaction, The start of the medical treatment to their
financial instability, and physical health children also brought different challenges that
depreciation are also common among parents parents have to resolve. Being hands-on in
with children battling cancer. taking care of their ill child brought about an
In this difficult times, Filipino parents try their excruciating pain caused by witnessing their ill
best to cope and lighten the burden they are child go through the pain and suffering of the
experiencing. Healthy coping for Filipino harsh and unforgiving medical treatment. The
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
emotional pain parents are experiencing at the only by the ill child but also the parents and the
moment made them to think of exchanging whole family.
places with their ill child just to spare their Integration of play therapy and distraction into
children from the pain and suffering they are the medical treatment might help in managing
experiencing. the pain during the treatment. In addition,
In addition to the mental and emotional planning their daily lives will be helpful as well
distress, parents are also faced with as for them not to miss out on their other
challenges in balancing their time and attention obligations and responsibilities to their other
so as to properly care not only for the ill child children. Joining organizations that focuses on
but also their children left at home. Difficulty in training parents cope with this difficult
managing their time is caused by the lengthy experience may also prove beneficial for the
hospitalization of their ill child. When at home whole family.
during the medical treatment breaks, Lastly, taking care of one’s health may also
decreased family activities are also observed improve the parent’s skills in taking care of their
because of the health hazards of the ill child. children.
Moreover, financial obligations are piling up as
a result of financial instability of the family due
to work disruptions of the parents taking care SESSION B7
of their ill child. SYMPOSIUM: Examining Leadership
In remedy of the different distress parents are and Management in Sports
experiencing, support from the whole family
and health care professionals are abundant. Convener: Michele Joan D. Valbuena
Other family members taking care of their Silliman University
children left at home is a very important help
the parents. Also, parents narrated that some
of their family members and relatives are B7-1
generous enough in helping them in their Does Relatedness Moderate Coaching
financial needs and while the financial help is Behavior and Skill Performance in
not that much, the parents are still very Taekwondo Players?
appreciative of the help being offered. Prayers
are also abundant from the family members. Naira S. Orbeta
Praying for healing and fast recovery of their De La Salle University
children may be the biggest help and support
the family receives. The present study utilized an experimental
Coping from this experience might be tasking research design to test the effects of autonomy
for the parents with children battling cancer. supportive versus controlling coaching styles
For them prayer is the most effective way of on skill performance in Filipino taekwondo
coping and lightening of the heavy burden they players. Thirty-one (31) athletes were
are experiencing. Lifting everything to the Lord randomly assigned to two treatment conditions
God not only alleviate the sufferings the with a coach-actor following scripts with
parents are experiencing but also gives hope elements of autonomy vs. control. A general
that in the end everything will go back to the skill test consisting of timed lateral suicides and
normal and simple life they once have. a sport-specific 20-second alternating kicks
test were recorded. To measure moderation,
Summary of the Recommendation: an Adapted Needs Scale was administered to
For parents with children battling cancer, it is elicit a general relatedness need satisfaction
important for them to acquire as much and a sport relatedness need thwarting score.
knowledge as possible. Talking to health care Results of a Multivariate Analysis of
professionals, reading books and journals in Covariance showed that coaching styles had a
the internet can be helpful in understanding significant effect only on sport-specific skill
childhood cancer. It may also help in alleviating performance. The controlling coaching
the sufferings and challenges experienced not condition elicited higher scores than the
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
autonomy supportive condition in the kicking Certain aspects of coaching behaviors were
test. No moderation effect was observed for associated with athletes’ satisfaction. Coaches
relatedness need satisfaction and need are encouraged to be more aware of how their
thwarting. Recommendations for future behaviors can potentially impact the
research include a larger sample size, more satisfaction of their athletes in their sport
stringent testing protocols, and a closer look at experience.
other relevant variables in Self-Determination
Theory. B7-3
Keywords: coaching behavior, autonomy and Importance Aspects and Satisfaction Level
controlling conditions, skill performance, in the Experience of Collegiate Student-
relatedness need satisfaction, relatedness Athletes
need thwarting
Mona Liza A. Maghanoy
B7-2 University of the Philippines, Diliman
Relationship Between Perception of
Coaching Behavior and Athlete Satisfaction The world of sports is, in a way, a “field of
Among Volleyball Players emotions”. The experience of competition
presents a unique opportunity for each athlete
Princess Ira A. Gaiser & Marcus Jarwin A. to validate oneself against a challenge- one
Manalo that is physical, mental and emotional in nature
- on a continuous basis.Following the GAS, the
The purpose of the study was to examine the physical stress that athletes experience on a
relationship between perception of coaching daily basis in training would lead them to
behavior and athlete satisfaction in training and physical adaptation while the psychological
instruction, individual performance, and team stress they encounter will, theoretically, lead
performance. One hundred ninety one (191) them to better coping ability and mental
collegiate volleyball players (F=97, M=94) toughness. However, this is not always the
answered the Leadership Scale for Sports and case. This study looked at the relationship
Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire. between perceived importance of certain areas
Results revealed that athletes’ perceived of their experience and their current level of
training and instruction and democratic satisfaction regarding these areas. 230
behaviors of coaches significantly predicted Student-Athletes (X= 19, SD=2.6) from a State
their satisfaction in training and instruction they University were asked what areas they
received. Meanwhile, perceived democratic deemed as important in their experience as
behavior predicted athletes’ satisfaction in their student-athletes. Subsequently They were
individual performance while perceived asked whether they were satisfied wit the
autocratic behavior predicted satisfaction in current state of the aspects they identified. The
team performance. identified areas underwent content analysis
Comparison between genders and level of and were classified into relevant themes, Initial
attainment in the season also yielded results show that there is a low moderate
significant findings. Males rated their coaches indirect correlation between Perceived
higher in democratic behavior and positive Importance and Identified Satisfaction Level.
feedback. They also had higher ratings of This means that most student-athletes are n0t
satisfaction in individual performance and team satisfied with the current state of the aspects of
performance. With regards to level of being a student-athlete. Findings have
attainment, those who reached the semifinals implications in reviewing the Varsity Program
rated their coaches higher in terms of training and in addressing psycho-social and emotional
and instruction and had higher ratings of state of student-athletes given their situation.
satisfaction in training and instruction received,
individual performance, and team
performance.
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
B7-4
We Are in the Same Boat: The Challenges SESSION B8
in Managing a Dragon Boat Team SYMPOSIUM: Students and Their
Environment
Michele Joan D. Valbuena
Silliman University Convener: Moniq M. Muyargas
University of the Philippines Visayas
Dragon boat is an emerging sport in the
provinces of the Philippines even when the
country has participated in it in the international B8-1
scene since the early 21st century. Dragon Demographics Personality Patterns and
boat in Dumaguete City in particular has only Generalized Social Anxiety Levels: Basis
started in 2015. Being one of the pioneers, for a Counseling Program
there has been various challenges through
training and competitions to enhance paddling Lorraine Charmayne S. Manansala
skills and develop the needed psycho-social
skills.The pioneering team currently has 44 This study explored the dynamics of the
members from ages 16 to 49 years old. Four demographic profiles such as gender and
are students. The rest are working full-time. academic strand in relation to the personality
Twenty-seven are males and 17 are females. patterns and generalized social anxiety levels
While 3 members have been paddling for two of the 262 PUP senior high school students
years and 7 members have been paddling for randomly selected from the six academic
less than six months, the rest have been strands. The Edward’s Personal Preference
paddling for a year on average. Schedule and the Kutcher’s Generalized Social
There have been three major challenges. One Anxiety Scale for Adolescents were
there has been the challenge of shifting from administered. Results show that male students
an individual to a collective mindset. Most of scored highest in Intraception and Succorance
the paddlers came from individual sports while lowest in Achievement. Female students
making it difficult for them to adapt a team scored highest in Aggression while lowest in
mindset. Even with paddlers who came from Affiliation. The study also found that there is a
another team sport, they have been observed significant relationship between Gender and
to feel very challenged at embracing the kind of Dominance which favors males. There was
teamwork they have to embrace in dragon also a significant relationship between
boat. Two, there has been found a difficulty in Academic Strand and Endurance; Science,
developing a full understanding of the Technology, Engineering, and Math students
importance of training. Most have had a habit scored highest on Dominance out of all the six
of thinking that a few weeks of intense training strands. Change and Affiliation negatively
have the same performance effect to months of correlated with Generalized Social Anxiety
training. Three, it has been most challenging to Levels. A counseling program was proposed to
manage individual differences. Because there address the significant values yielded in the
is an awareness of the importance of the study.
psycho-social aspect of athleticism, there is an
earnest desire to see this demonstrated overtly B8-2
by the paddlers given numerous intervention Environmental Influences of Exam-
strategies. It is observed that in a dragon boat Cheating Behavior of College Students
team whose membership is voluntary, so much
of the commitment and dedication to the sport Desiderio S. Camitan IV
should be intrinsic. Makati Medical Center College
Moderator: Marshaley Baquiano The aim of this study was to investigate the
reasons for repeated offending and readiness
for change of selected women reoffenders and
C5-1 how the former variable influences the latter.
Thoughts and Feelings About EJK: A Purposive sampling was employed in selecting
Preliminary Inquiry five women recidivists or reoffenders, who at
the time of the study were detained at the
Carmen M. Sabino Manila City Jail- Female Dormitory in Sta.
Ateneo de Davao University Cruz, Manila. Results have identified five
reasons for repeated offending namely
Five female and three male college students poverty, lack of self-sufficiency, impact of
from a private Catholic university, with ages significant people, stigma, and engagement in
ranging from 18-19 years old, wrote an essay illegal acts. Women reoffenders who have
on their thoughts and feelings about claimed to be ready to change have found a
extrajudicial killings (EJK). As a non-graded specific purpose that will serve as their
activity, the essays were voluntarily done and motivation and are influenced by internal and
emailed to the researcher. After being external factors that will lead them towards
subjected to thematic analysis by Creswell desistance. On the other hand, women
(1994), data yielded themes regarding recidivists who claimed that they are unready
respondents’ understanding of the nature of to change still find reasons to reoffend and are
EJK. Dominant themes showed that the also influenced by internal and external factors
respondents viewed EJK as an act that is leading to their reoffending. Therefore, both
illegal, unjust, immoral and inhuman. As a reasons for repeated offending and readiness
governmental measure, it was seen as a for change determine the pathway to
consequence of one’s illegal activity and a way recidivism.
to make people avoid criminality. As an issue,
it was perceived as very alarming and taken C5-3
lightly by the public but seriously by the media. Facilitating the Reintegration of Filipino
Feelings toward EJK were mostly negative. CICL: The Psychological Impact of
Data also showed that the respondents Incarceration and its Implications in Post-
identified attendant events namely killings, Prison Experiences
absence of due process, and neglect of human
rights. Emergent themes revealed how the Cristabel F. Tiangco, Bryan Q. Engay, Eden H.
respondents viewed the victims, the objectives Terol & Rosanne G. Echivarre
of EJK, its consequences and their UP Extension Program in Pampanga
recommendations on how to deal with it.
Implications were discussed in relation to This paper presents the negative psychological
adolescent perception of environmental effects of imprisonment, commonly known as
violence. “prisonization”, among Filipino Children in
Conflict with the Law and its implications in
C5-2 their reintegration into the free world. Data are
Understanding the Reasons for Repeated collected from 20 male CICL, with ages ranging
Offending and Readiness for Change of from 13 to 17, through individual interviews and
Selected Women Reoffenders focused group discussions. Participants are
beneficiaries of a psychosocial intervention
program sponsored by a local Non-
Government Organization (Humanitarian Legal
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
Assistance Foundation) advocating the rights CICL in terms of their moral reasoning
and welfare of ex-detainees, particularly CICL. (measured through Kohlberg’s Moral
Results show that prisonization manifests in Development Interview Inventory) and values
the cognitive, emotive, and behavioral (measured through Schwartz’ Values Survey).
experiences of children. These effects showed There were 30 CICL male respondents (mean
serious implications in their personal, social, age = 15.23 years, SD = 2.58 years) from the
and occupational functioning. Impacts on different juvenile rehabilitation centers in Metro
cognition include stigma consciousness; Cebu whereas 40 non-CICL respondents (10
diminished self esteem, self worth, males, 30 females; mean age = 15.92 years,
and sense of self agency; paranoid social SD = 1.26 years). Comparing the level of moral
cognition; and rejection sensitivity. reasoning, independent samples t-test
Helplessness, worthlessness, and feeling of indicated that CICL showed lower level of
being stereotyped are the emerging themes in moral reasoning compared to non-CICL, t(68)
the emotive dimension. Behaviorally, = -5.33, p < .05. In comparing the ten universal
prisonization manifests in psychological values, multivariate analysis of variance
distancing, diminished capacity for autonomy (MANOVA) and pairwise comparisons
and self agency, problems in self and emotion indicated that non-CICL showed more
regulation, increased tendencies towards importance on the values namely conformity,
conflict and unhealthy conflict resolution skills, tradition, benevolence, universalism,
assimilation of certain antisocial tendencies, achievement and security whereas showing
and desensitization to legal transgressions and lower importance on self-direction, stimulation,
its consequences. Facilitating the reintegration hedonism and power. On the other hand, CICL
process includes the development and showed more importance to the value of
provision of social and psychological programs benevolence and lesser on the other values.
designed to address the aforementioned The present study indicates that the delinquent
concerns arising from the children’s narratives. behaviors of CICL may be reflected in their
Programmatic solutions are also being differences with non-CICL in terms of moral
developed to address not just the immediate reasoning and values. Relevant implications
but also the remote and long terms concerns of can also be extracted in creating intervention
CICL. programs and further understanding CICL.
C5-4
A Comparative Study On the Moral SESSION C6
Reasoning and Values Between Children in
Conflict with the Law and Non-CICL
SYMPOSIUM: Mental Health for All:
Approaches to Promotion,
Jullien Mae A. Aying, Carmel Marie G. Prevention and Intervention
Caballero, Kyren Mear C. Cabellon, Rochine
Claire V. Cagasan, Lloyd Brendon P. Galon & Convener: Llewelyn Issa B. Dela Cruz
Jame Bryan L. Batara
people with functional limitations due to their learn strategies on how to cultivate this mindset
mental health concerns limit their chances of at home, in school, and in life.
assuming challenging roles and entering a Keywords: Sport and Exercise Psychology
competitive workforce. As a response to this
concern, the Philippine Mental Health
Association, Inc. (PMHA) established a Work SESSION C8
Center to meet the challenge of helping MHCs Moral Dilemmas
develop a sense of worth by teaching them
work-oriented skills, thereby giving them a
Moderator: Maria Claudette A. Agnes
chance to earn a living and use their time
University of Santo Tomas
productively. Aside from vocational skills
training, the consumers also undergo
psychosocial and other therapeutic activities
implemented by a multi-disciplinary team. The C8-1
development and theoretical underpinnings of To Kill or Not to Kill: Morality and Justice
the various vocational and psychosocial in the Eyes of Uninformed Men
activities provided by the PMHA Work Center,
as well as its impact to the social, emotional Mary Louise S. Pimentel, Frenchville Mary P.
and functional development of the MHCs, are Pagaran, Karen Nicole A. Casino, Regina
presented in this paper. An overview of the Allison V. Antonio & Shantell Leigh S. Villapez
plans for expansion of the program and Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan
services for the patients are also presented.
This qualitative research undertaking
concentrates on the exploration of the
SESSION C7 perception of morality and justice of the
LEARNING SESSION: PRESENCE: Philippine National Police and Armed Forces of
Cultivating the Champion Mindset in the Philippines and how their well-being are
Work and Life being affected by it. The researchers find it
important to consider because of the issues of
Facilitator: Ma. Luisa G. Adviento the use of excessive force and alleged
University of the Philippines-Diliman involvement in extrajudicial killings in media.
In-depth interview with the policemen and
military men pave the way in understanding
The pursuit of the gold medal is first won in the and it has been thematically analyzed
mind and second in the field of battle. It is a separately because of the direct effect of the
champion mindset that drives extraordinary nature of their work (the environment, kinds of
performance in the daily grind of training and in weapons used, work assignments, and etc.).
high-pressure competition. The quest for Emergent finding has shown that the nature of
championship in any field of human endeavor work contributes to the formation of their
requires similar inner strengths characteristic perception of justice and morality, and that
of consistently high performers. This champion there is an interplay in how uniformed men
mindset is evident in the execution of any task perceive it. On the other hand, the military men
or responsibility, from the most ordinary chore and policemen’s well-being are affected subtly,
of daily functioning to the most extraordinary in how they perceive justice and morality. For
challenges in life. Drawing from extensive both military men and policemen, the role of the
research and practice in sport, exercise and obedience to authority creates positive
performance psychology, this learning session disposition and make them strive more in
provides an inside view of how the mind of a reaching their goals as individuals. There is a
champion works and the psychological skills happiness formed for uniformed men when the
that serve as building blocks for the results of their actions contribute to the
development of the champion mindset. common good and is legal. The researchers
Teachers, parents, mentors and coaches will acknowledge that further research could allow
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
D2-2
SESSION D2 Rehabilitative Justice for the Temporarily
Clinical Psychology: Models and Insane
Intervention
Joey Marie Fabe-Jegonia
Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan
Moderator: Grace B. Evangelista
Miriam College
Rehabilitative or restorative justice has been
given attention in the last decade and has
become part of Parole and Probation. The aim
D2-1 behind rehabilitative program is for people who
Deriving the Triarchic Model From the committed offenses need not only be
Levenson’s Self-Report Psychopathy Scale incarnated but also restored in their lives and
those of whom they have caused harm.
Imelu G. Mordeno & John Hermes C. Untalan Temporary Insanity has been part of
discussions both in legal and of late, in the field
Levenson’s Self-Report Psychopathy Scale of Psychiatry. Temporary Insanity plea was
(LSRP; Levenson et al., 1995) has been one of discussed in cases of Homicide, especially
the most extensively used instruments in when committed during the Heat of Passion.
assessing psychopathy. Although a number of However, the proof for Temporary Insanity is
LSRP versions have been developed on the hard to verify and in fact, only one percent of
basis of varying theoretical persuasions, so far, plea for temporary Insanity was accepted by
to the authors’ knowledge, none have courts worldwide. This paper aimed to explore
developed an LSRP version measuring the the experiences of four offenders incarcerated
triarchic model of psychopathy (TriP; Patrick, at Davao Penal Colony who were sentenced
Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) consisted of three for homicide and examine whether their act of
distinct phenotype features namely, boldness, killing due to uncontrollable rage truly qualifies
disinhibition, and meanness. Study 1 classified for Temporary Insanity as per definition. This
and assigned items that are theoretically- study likewise explored the expressions of
based upon the definitions of the TriP traits. A these offenders regarding taking responsibility,
series of CFA analyses was conducted to feeling of remorse and willingness for
develop a model that has acceptable fit and reparation that would be worthy of
with items that are theoretically attuned with psychological intervention as part of a
the triarchic model. Further, evidence of validity rehabilitative program under the Parole and
was strengthened as the modified LSRP-TriP Probation. To attain the aforementioned
factors were found to significantly relate well purpose, an analysis of the experiences
with other psychopathy measures. Study 2 before, during and after the crime of the
conducted CFA analysis based on the findings respondents was thoroughly undertaken using
of Study 1. Aside from the adequacy of fit to the secondary data from previous study done by
new triarchic measure, the three factors were the same researcher. Results of the analysis
also found to significantly relate with showed evidences of Temporary Insanity in the
psychopathy-relevant constructs. The findings respondents’ experiences and expressions
provide evidence on the validity and utility of a worthy of psychological intervention which
psychopathy scale utilizing items from LSRP of assists the respondents to rectify their
which theory is based on the triarchic model of behaviors and address and psychological
psychopathy. issues.
adult participants. The measures used were Control Scale (Tangnet et al, 2004) for self-
the “Assessment of Factors of Suicidal Ideation control. Results show a significant association
and Life Satisfaction”, MHI-20, Oxford between self-control and PTG as well as
Happiness Questionnaire, and Dependent cognitive processing and PTG. After analyzing
Variable- Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT- correlations among the variables, multiple
R). Descriptive, Quasi-experimental, and regression analysis was done. Self-control was
pretest-posttest were the research designs that not found to be a predictor. Positive cognitive
were utilized in the three studies to apply the processing, on the other hand, was found to be
G-BFI. Results demonstrated that in Study 1, a significant predictor. The limitations of the
G-BFI successfully decreased the levels of research were discussed along with the
suicide ideation of seven participants that implications of the study with regard to PTG
involved College students and those in helping studies. Recommendations and future
professions, from high level of suicidal ideation, research directions were also included.
to moderate to low levels. In Study 2, G-BFI
application increased the levels of General Keywords: Posttraumatic Growth, Self-Control,
wellbeing and happiness of high school Cognitive Processing, Filipino Police Officers
students. In Study 3, G-BFI successfully
increased the level of optimism of 18 male
adolescent orphans. It is recommended that
the Goodness-blessings Focused way of
SESSION D5
thinking and living be taught to Filipinos in all
Student Issues and Psychological
developmental stages, and that therapists
Concerns
utilize G-BFI to alleviate the ILLS of individuals,
families and communities
Moderator: Jerry J. Jurisprudencia
D4-4 Miriam College
Vulnerable yet Stronger: Exploring the
Predictive Nature of Self-Control and
Cognitive Processing to Posttraumatic D5-1
Growth Coping Strategies and Stress Level Among
Law Students
Maria Kristina Alfonso, Rizaldy P. Abaracoso,
Patricia Marie D. Tuazon, Kate Q. Lopez, Josefina C. Ochoa
Carmela Dawn V. Almacen, Mary Grace C. Bulacan State University
Correa, Ma, Jenina N. Nalipay & Christopher
Martin Q. Tañedo High caliber courses such as Law requires high
level of adaptive mechanism among takers.
Studies on trauma often focused on the Stress level may be perceived moderate after
debilitating influences it has on the individual accounting for academic efficacy- a regulatory
who has experienced the traumatic event. mechanism that posits strong belief in one’s
Recent focus, however, began to shift on the ability to hurdle than escape stressful
possible growth after experiencing the situations. The relationship between coping
distressing event known as Posttraumatic strategies (problem-focused, emotion-focused,
Growth (PTG). The study, hence, explored on avoidance-focused) would yield low stress
variables, namely Self-Control and Cognitive level. A study of Sophomore Law students,
Processing that could be underpinnings to the employing multiple regression concludes a full
occurrence of PTG specifically focusing on mediation of academic efficacy on the
police officers. The variables were measured relationship of problem-focused coping and
using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory stress level. Implications for educational
(Tedeschi and Calhoun, 1996) for PTG, practice are herein forwarded.
Cognitive Processing of Trauma Scale Key words: academic efficacy, coping
(Williams, 2016) for cognitive processing, Self- strategies, stress level
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
perceived and associated sex education to the effect on school adjustment for both male and
sex act itself. They identified the social media female adolescents. This study investigated
as primary sources of information. Students the mediating influence of self-determination
wanted to know more about it from parents, needs (autonomy, relatedness and
and are willing to have sex education be taught competence) on the relationship of OFW father
in schools. Parents identified themselves, the communication and school connectedness
teachers, and health workers as responsible among adolescent children. Through the use of
agents of sex education and favored that it be Hayes’ method for determining mediating
taught in schools. Students and parents influences, findings show no significant
considered sex education as a family concern, mediating influence of autonomy and
but perceived the teachers to have greater relatedness. However, the mediating influence
responsibility over the matter. Teachers of competence was significant. Communicating
indicated they are capable enough to teach, with an OFW father centering on school and
but manifested the need to undergo intensive academic life may be providing the child with
training to gain more knowledge and develop structured content, such as feedback, rules,
skill and competency to teach. In sum, most and expectations necessary for the
respondents indicated the need for sex development of competence, which then helps
education in schools to prevent further the child’s connectedness with school.
occurrence of related issues like premarital
sex, teenage pregnancy, HIV/AIDS, and D6-2
unprotected sexual behaviors. Influence of Intergenerational Family
Structures on Adolescent Mental Health:
Moderation by Spirituality
action or identity, hence the high ranking of vulnerability index is found to be positively
team cohesion is expected. The low ranking of correlated with depression. Further inferences
tolerance is discussed in relation to the item and recommendations are discussed in the
wording and to potential undermining of the present study.
efforts of individual players to achieve team
goals. This study affirms the merit of the YSVQ D7-4
Mental Toughness Among Filipino Varsity
for cross-cultural use. Filipinos understood the
Athletes
sport specific items in the original English
version with minimal changes. The basic sport Leandra V. Reyes and Maria Luisa Guinto-
value system was shared and the key Adviento
differences appropriately featured Filipino University of the Philippines-Diliman
culture.
This study was undertaken in order to
determine the interactive effects of gender and
D7-3 type of sport on the mental toughness among
Psychological Resilience and Depressive Filipino varsity athletes using the Psychological
Symptoms: Exploring Their Presence and Performance Inventory (1986). The
Relationship Among Selected Filipino participants of the study included male and
Collegiate Athletes female varsity athletes from the state university
who were lined-up to compete at the University
Myreen P. Cleofe, Marian M. Laguindino, Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP)
Marc Eric S. Reyes and Ryan Francis O. Season 79. The respondents included 161
Cayubit varsity athletes who were subdivided by
University of Santo Tomas gender and type of sport to generate four
comparison groups. The results of the study
Athletes encounter a different set of adversities showed significant differences between the
compared to non-athletes. A collegiate athlete mental toughness of male and female
must not only make time for studying but must individual sport athletes in five (5) subscales:
allot hours for sport-related activities. Self-confidence (t83= -4.835, p < 0.001),
Combined with significant levels of physical Attention Control (t83 = -2.071 p = 0.041),
and psychological expectations, these Visualization and Imagery (t83 = -3.188, p =
situations cause stress to them and may result 0.002), Motivational Level (t83 = -2.971, p =
to changes in behavior, cognition and 0.004), and Positive Energy Control (t83= -
emotions. These events act as risk factors that 3.810, p < 0.001). There were also significant
push resilience down leading to negative differences between the mental toughness of
reactions and outcome. Reducing the female team and individual sport athletes in
likelihood of the development of mental illness five (5) subscales: Self-confidence (t46.69 = -
are protective factors that enhance resilience, 2.813, p = 0.007), Negative Energy Control
leading to growth and thriving. This paper (t51.75 = -2.171, p = 0.035), Attention Control
explores the relationship of protective factors of (t55.8 = -2.669, p = 0.010), Motivational Level
resilience and symptoms of depression among (t58.60 = -2.203, p = 0.032), Positive Energy
collegiate athletes. A descriptive correlational Control (t50.41= -2.373, p = 0.021). Lastly,
study was utilized and data were collected from gender and type of sport proved to have
selected respondents from a university in significant interactions in four (4) subscales of
Metro Manila. A total of 108 Filipino collegiate mental toughness: Self-confidence (F = 9.109,
athletes participated and completed the p = 0.003), Attention Control (F = 5.901, p =
Resiliency Scales and Beck Depression 0.016), Positive Energy Control (F = 4.321, p =
Inventory. Significant results show that 0.039), and Attitude Control (F = 6.100, p =
mastery, relatedness and resource index are 0.0015). Contributions to the understanding of
negatively correlated with depression. On the mental toughness and implications to sport
other hand, emotional reactivity and performance are discussed in the study.
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
D8-4
The Transitional Experiences of Female SESSION E1
Student Sex Workers: An Interpretative
Empathy, Authenticity, and Hope
Phenomenological Approach
Moderator: Felicidad Villavicencio
Shedwin Mae Escobido, Erika Joy Nuñez ,
Bulacan State University
Quennie Nikki B. Paring & Chinky Claudine M.
Sedurifa
University of San Carlos E1-1
How to Develop Empathy
Prostitution, operationally defined as
performing sexual acts in exchange for any Lota A. Teh
form of payment, was often referred to as the Ateneo de Manila University
oldest profession with women mostly involved.
Probable causes include poverty (Singerman, Empathy is the ability to feel with and
1987; Tagliacozzo, 2008) to name a few, which understand another person’s
may then lead to various effects such as phenomenological world. It is a very important
contracting HIV/AIDS (Weber et al., 2002; quality and skill that a psychologist must
Vanwesenbeeck, 2001, Bhunu et al., 2014), possess especially in the context of
and eventually discriminated by the society counseling. It is, according to Carl Rogers, one
(Kramer, 2003; Comte, 2013) especially of the three core characteristics that a
conservative ones like the Philippines. psychotherapist must have to be able to help
However, a deficit in the literature concerning the client effectively. Although some individuals
students who double as sex workers during appear to have the innate ability to empathize,
nighttime moved the researchers to study this empathy can still be developed in those who
topic. Student prostitution is operationally have difficulty practicing it. The paper will
defined as having sexual intercourse in present some strategies that could improve
exchange for payment or money as a means to one’s empathic skills. However, the focus will
continue their studies. The study's theoretical be on a technique that could enhance an
framework involved a qualitative analysis individual’s extrasensory perception ability,
under the lens of Interpretative telepathy in particular. If a psychologist can
Phenomenological approach (Osborn & Smith, communicate telepathically with an individual,
2008), a much needed psychological wouldn’t that in effect be an experience of
perspective on sex workers' experiences. empathy? If so, how then can a psychologist
Through hour-long face-to-face interviews with develop his/her telepathic ability? Is trance
three respondents, it was revealed that female training a promising approach to enhancing
student sex workers experienced cognitive telepathy which could lead to increasing one’s
dissonance, an unintegrated sense of self, and empathic skills? The paper will attempt to
empowerment. The results show that the answer these questions based on the results of
respondents’ internal battles while navigating her empirical studies of telepathy and trance
societal discrimination, yet ultimately doing training.
what they think would lead them to their E1-2
individual goals. “I Feel Your Struggle”: Empathy As An
Evidence of Posttraumatic Growth (PTG)
paper. This qualitative study examined the basic psychological needs. This study explores
lived experiences of PTG of women age 23-32 the link between mindfulness and satisfaction
who survived childhood sexual abuse, utilizing of basic psychological needs by investigating
five individual cases through semi-structured the mediating role of authenticity. A sample of
individual interview. It used Interpretative 219 participants (18 years and above)
Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), following completed self-report trait measures of
Osborn and Smith’s (2008) recommendations. mindfulness (MAAS), authenticity (AI3), and
As revealed by the results, an evidence of basic psychological need satisfaction in
empathy, along with other PTG qualities, has general. Results showed that mindfulness
been demonstrated by the participants in the predicts satisfaction of basic psychological
context of understanding other people’s needs, and authenticity mediates this
struggles using their own trauma experience. relationship. Findings will be discussed in
Their experience to be in adversity apparently relation to self-regulation, motivation, and
became their lens in looking at others’ values, and their implication to fostering well-
circumstances, even when the concern is not being.
related to abuse. Hence, this could be a factor Keywords: mindfulness; authenticity; basic
in the development of their ability to build psychological needs satisfaction; self-
meaningful relationship with others. determination theory; well-being
Reconstruction of their assumption of self and
others occurred and has become their catalyst E1-4
to be more empathic and helpful to others. Hope in the Unknown: The Relationship
These results were further expounded in the between Intolerance of Uncertainty, Hope
context of participants’ journey of and Anxiety
reconstructing their perception of self and of
others. Moreover, theoretical and practical Isabel Victoria Coscolluela
reflections of lived experiences across De La Salle University-Manila
struggles were discussed.
KEYWORDS: PTG, trauma, empathy, sexual The goal of this study was explore the
abuse, phenomenology relationship between intolerance of
uncertainty, hope and anxiety. A final sample
E1-3 of 236 undergraduate students from two
Authenticity’s Role in Mindfulness and Philippine universities was recruited. The
Well-Being participants answered a questionnaire to
measure their levels of intolerance of
Francis Edward Del Rosario, Roseann Tan- uncertainty, hope, and anxiety, and underwent
Mansukhani & Geneva Palaya an induction of anxiety task. The interaction
De La Salle University-Manila between intolerance of uncertainty was found
to interact with trait hope to account for the
Mindfulness has been empirically established variance in state anxiety. In additional
as playing a role in enhancing one’s well-being. analyses, the components of both hope
Self-determination theory explains this (agency and pathways) and intolerance of
relationship through the satisfaction of basic uncertainty (inhibitory and prospective) were
psychological needs (competence, autonomy, analyzed. An interaction of high trait agency
relatedness). Few studies, however, have and high intolerance of uncertainty was
explored the specific mechanisms that link associated with lower levels of trait anxiety. For
mindfulness to the satisfaction of these needs. state anxiety, an interaction between high hope
The awareness developed from mindfulness and high inhibitory intolerance of uncertainty
may bring about an increased sense of one’s was associated with higher levels of state
authentic or integrated self (and its values, anxiety. Findings of this study suggest that
goals, beliefs), which then guides the mindful intolerance of uncertainty does not necessarily
individual to choose behaviors that are more mean a negative outcome when there is a high
autonomously regulated, thus satisfying the level of hope. There is also a difference in its
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
effects between trait and state anxiety. implication in the integration of this disorder to
Intolerance of uncertainty and hope are future ICD and DSM nomenclatures.
potential targets for interventions in individuals Keywords: complex ptsd, factor structure
dealing with anxiety.
E2-2
Examining PTSD Symptom Structure and
SESSION E2 Its Structural Relationship with Depression
SYMPOSIUM: DSM-5 Under the Scope: in Left-Behind Children
Examining the Symptom
Raquel C. Santos & Imelu G. Mordeno
Structures of DSM-5 PTSD, Complex
trauma, SSD, and Internet Gaming Posttraumatic stress disorder (PSTD) is a
Disorder debilitating condition caused by exposure to
traumatic stressors. With the most recent
Convener: Imelu G. Mordeno changes in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
MSU-IIT Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American
Psychiatric Association, 2013), it is important to
examine the popular and most recent PTSD
factor structure models. This study evaluated
E2-1 six competing models in OFW left-behind
Complex PTSD Factor Structure Among children and investigated the structural
Members of the Armed Forces relationship between the best-fitted PTSD
model and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).
Ma. Jenina N. Nalipay, & Imelu G. Mordeno A sample of 645 left-behind children answered
a packet of self-report scales that included
This study aims to examine and compare ULCA PTSD-Reaction Index and Severity
proposed factor structure models of complex Measure for Depression Scale. The results
posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) among show that the seven-factor hybrid model
members of the Philippine Army who have had composed of intrusion, avoidance, negative
continuous exposure to distressing events as a affect, anhedonia, externalizing behaviors,
function of their work. Using a sample of 450 anxious arousal, and dysphoric arousal factors
combat-exposed army personnel, seven emerged as the best fitting model in contrast to
competing models were examined: (1) other five models. Further, the combined hybrid
unidimensional CPTSD; (2) correlated 6 factor model and MDD model received acceptable fit
first-order model; (3) single-factor second- and differential relations between PTSD factors
order with six first order factors; (4) two-factor and depression are apparent. The results are
second-order model, each measured by three relevant in identifying PTSD symptom clusters
first order factors; (5) two-factor second-order that could be considered as core features of
model, with PTSD measured by 7 items and PTSD and those that could be treated as
disturbances in self-organization (DSO) by transdiagnostic symptom-groups. By
three first-order factors; (6) two-factor second- implication, a two-pronged intervention could
order model, comprising of PTSD measured by be developed, one, which targets specifically
three first order factors and DSO measured by the core features of PTSD, and another, which
16 item-symptoms; and (7) two-factor model, addresses transdiagnostic symptom.
PTSD represented by 7 item-symptoms and Keywords: Depression, Left-Behind Children,
DSO represented by 16 item-symptoms. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Seven-Factor
Results of confirmatory factor analyses Hybrid Model
indicated that the correlated 6 factor first-order
model (model 2) has the best fit. Findings of the
study provided evidence for the construct
validity of CPTSD and has substantial
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
either recovered from their condition or varying perceived political positions in terms of
committed a heinous crime (within-subjects). their overall attitude towards violence.
To investigate order effects on ST-IAT scores,
the order of presentation of the primes was
counterbalanced (between-subjects). Results E3-3
show that baseline implicit and explicit attitudes Children not Criminals: Public Perceptions
toward drug addicts are negative; that a On the Minimum Age of Criminal
recovery and criminal prime result respectively Responsibility
in more positive and negative implicit attitudes
relative to the baseline; and that attitudes (i.e., Danielle P. Ochoa
the ST-IAT scores) measured after watching University of the Philippines-Diliman
both primes are of greater magnitude than after
presentation of one prime. Given limited Children in conflict with the law are best
access to information, public attitudes toward diverted from judicial systems and rehabilitated
drug addicts are significantly influenced by separately from adult offenders, but the recent
media representations. proposal in Philippine Congress to lower the
Keywords: implicit attitudes, drug addicts, minimum age of criminal responsibility from 15
priming, media to 9 poses a threat to this principle rooted in the
best interests of the child. Given this situation,
the study aims to understand public
E3-2 perceptions about this proposed bill, with
Killing Fields and Us: Attitudes of Graduate attributions of accountability and crime
Students Toward Extrajudicial Killings salience examined as predictors of approval.
Through a survey conducted among 177
Ruby D. Ilustrisimo, Van Alistair H. Faeldon & Filipino adults, results revealed that only
Patricia Marie M. Liganor around half of respondents were aware of the
University of the Philippines-Diliman proposed bill. When given further information
about the proposal, moderate disagreement
Extra-judicial killings (EJKs) are pervasive in was expressed on average. Regression
our current social climate analyses revealed that attributions of
however, not a lot is known in terms of our accountability but not crime salience predicted
attitudes towards it. In this approval of the proposal. Qualitative analyses
small-scale study, the two factors (i.e. penal corroborated the importance of accountability,
code violence and violence in as well as beliefs about the effects of the bill on
war) of the Velicer Attitudes Towards Violence children in conflict with the law.
Scale and a ST-IAT were utilized Recommendations for advocacy will be
and given to forty graduate respondents (15 discussed in relation to these findings.
males and 25 females) in order to Keywords: children in conflict with the law,
examine their attitudes toward EJKs. Gender minimum age of criminal responsibility, juvenile
and perceived political positions justice, HB002, children’s rights
were also utilized as variables vis-à-vis
attitudes toward EJKs. Results
revealed that there is no significant difference E3-4
between males and females in Factors Predicting Support for Punitive
terms of their attitudes towards violence. Measures Towards Drug Sellers and Users
However, there is a difference among
varying perceived political positions in terms of Maria Cecilia Gastardo-Conaco &
their attitude towards Paul Danielle P. Labor
violence specifically their attitudes towards University of the Philippines-Diliman
penal code violence F
(3,39)=4.288, p<.011. Nevertheless, there is People’s attitudes towards those involved in
no significant difference among illegal drugs have been generally negative and
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
at times hostile (Bryan, Moran, Farrell, & The present study aimed to investigate the
O’Brien, 2000; McCorkle, 1993; World Health lived experiences of surrenderers in Southern
Organization, 2003) while sentiments toward Negros Occidental. It utilized the mixed
sentencing or punishing those involved have methods design specifically the embedded
been shown to be punitive or harsh (McCorkle, design for a phenomenological study. Seventy-
1993). However, influence of factors such as two surrenderers from the urban barangays of
social perceptions, beliefs, general trust, and the 4th, 5th, and 6th districts of Southern
emotions, have not yet been explored within Negros Occidental participated in the study. All
the Philippine setting. With this in mind, this the participants provided information on their
study aimed to determine which among the age, civil status, educational attainment,
factors interact and influence punitive attitudes religion, and substance of choice. Twenty-
toward those involved in drugs. Using an online seven of the 72 shared their lived experiences
platform (i.e. Google Docs), four hundred thirty- on substance abuse. A questionnaire was
six (436) participants answered a survey with provided to assist them in writing narratives of
differing target objects: drugs sellers versus their experiences. The mean age of the
drug users. Hierarchical regression analyses participants was 33.03 years (SD = 9.04); there
indicate that hatred, perceived non- were as many married as there were single
redeemability, and higher perceived participants; majority were Catholics and had
relationship between drugs and crime at least a high school education; and the
predicted greater support for punitiveness substance of choice was methamphetamine
toward drug users – with compassion being the (shabu). The main textural themes that
only negative predictor, R2 = .54, F(14, 201) = emerged based on the questionnaire are: the
16.60, p<.00. On the other hand, general trust, willingness to change as the motivation to
anger, perceived non-redeemability, and surrender to the authorities under Oplan
higher perceived relationship between drugs Tokhang; peer influence as the major reason
and crime predicted greater support for for experimenting in substance use;
punitiveness for drug sellers – with compassion compromised family life due to substance
being the sole negative predictor, R2 = .53, abuse; and regret for their substance abuse.
F(14, 203) = 16.35, p<.00. Implications toward The findings suggest development of
punitiveness research and applied work will be rehabilitation programs that offers better
discussed. reintegration of the surrenderers into the
community.
SESSION E4
E4-2
The Phenomenology of Drugs
The Inter-Connectedness of Causal
Attributions for Substance Abuse: A
Moderator: Violeta V. Bautista Causal Network Study
University of the Philippines-Diliman
Raffy Jones G. Sanchez
Ateneo de Davao University
E4-1
Substance Abuse Among Surrenderers in Causal network analysis was employed to map
Southern Negros Occidental: A the structure of adolescents’ beliefs regarding
Phenomenological the causes of substance abuse. Aged 13-16
and studying in a private and a public high
Lisa Anna M. Gayoles, Jose Leonardo L. school randomly selected in Oroquieta City,
Degillo, Fr. Eugene D. Lucerna II & Deborah respondents (n=520) provided their causal
Natalia E. Singson attributions for the condition in stage 1 of the
University of Negros Occidental-Recoletos study. In stage 2, their top ten answers—peer
pressure, personal problems, desire to forget,
family problems, curiosity, choice, parental
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
neglect, ignorance, profit-making, and need for binding moral foundations. The present study
stamina—were used as the set of entities for unfolds underlying mechanisms of different
causal network analysis. All entities were sociopolitical attitudes.
paired; respondents were then asked if a Keywords: perception, threat, RWA, binding,
change (increase or decrease) in one entity moral, foundations, crime, drugs, attitudes
would evince a corresponding change in its
other paired entity. From their judgments, a
causal network was constructed. The resulting SESSION E5
network was unidirectional, suggesting that
LEARNING SESSION: Using Sedona
respondents view the disorder as a tailend in
the severity continuum, not a process of Method as A CBT Technique in
becoming. Collectively, results implied that an Counseling Therapy
increase in substance abuse required internal
forces (e.g., choice, desire to forget, etc.) as Facilitator: Rebecca Lanes
proximate and direct factors. For substance
abuse to decrease, the removal of external
forces (e.g. peer pressure, parental neglect, Clients often come to us with a variety of
etc.) was imperative, but respondents cognitive and emotional disturbances which
adjudged reduction of internal forces as hinder their effectiveness in handling their
irrelevant. Implications for psycho-education relationships and life situations. As a
were discussed. practitioner in the field of counseling
psychology, the speaker has been using the
E4-3 Sedona Method, a very simple, effective and
Understanding Support and Opposition to powerful process to help clients free
War on Crime and Drugs themselves from crippling emotions and
unproductive beliefs in order to achieve inner
Randolfh R. Nerona peace, to move on and to lead happier and
De La Salle University-Manila more productive lives.
Drawing on the Dual-Process Motivational The session will focus on applying Sedona
(DPM) Model, the present study aims to Method as a Cognitive Behavior Therapy
explain different attitudes towards an anti- (CBT) technique in counseling and therapy
crime and drug campaign. The present study work. By the end of the session, the
examines the mediating role that right-wing participants will be able to:
authoritarianism (RWA) plays on the
association between the perception of crime as 1.Discuss what the Sedona Method is and its
social threat and attitudes towards anti-crime relationship to CBT.
and drug campaign. It also examines the 2.Explain the three ways to approach the
moderating role that binding moral foundations process of releasing unwanted emotions and
play on the relationship between RWA and irrational thought patterns.
attitudes towards anti-crime and drug 3.Use the six steps of the releasing technique
campaign. Findings reveal that RWA mediates to address the clients’ emotional symptoms
the relationship between the perception of such as anger, fear, guilt, sadness, etc. as well
crime as social threat and attitudes towards as to get rid of their specific cognitive
anti-crime and drug campaign. In addition, distortions.
binding moral foundations moderate the
association between RWA and attitudes To achieve these objectives, the speaker will
towards anti-crime and drug campaign. employ lecture, case samples, demonstration,
Moreover, the indirect effect of perception of role-play practice, and discussion.
crime as social threat on attitudes towards anti-
crime and drug campaign through RWA is
stronger among those who are low than high in
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
SESSION E6
LEARNING SESSION: The Challenge of SESSION E8
Violent Extremism in Mindanao Test Development and Organizational
Dynamics in the Educational Setting
Facilitator: Gail Tan Ilagan
Ateneo de Davao University Moderator: Elizabeth Suba
Central Luzon State University
This learning session explains the dynamics of
violent extremism in Mindanao in the context of
the Mindanao peace process. Discussions will
be provided on the push and pull factors to E8-1
recruitment, the profile of the recruits and the The Development of Performance Appraisal
recruiters, and the nature of community Tool for the Department Heads of a Private
support that contribute to the resilience of Higher Educational Institution
extremist groups. The extremist narrative is
presented and compared against current Hazel T. Victoriano
efforts at countering violent extremism for San Pedro College
recommendations on how best stakeholders
can weigh in insulating vulnerable groups from Performance standards are utilized to assess
the extremist agenda. how well the person is doing in his/her job or
the how well he/she is performing his/her
duties and responsibilities. Benefits of using
performance standards include setting clear
SESSION E7 expectations for both department head and
LEARNING SESSION: Bata Bahaghari: employees. The objective of this action
research was to develop an evidence – based
Lessons from Working Together with performance appraisal tool for the deans,
LGBT Children department heads or middle managers.
Application of the Rasch unidimensional
Facilitator: Jan Gabriel M. Castañeda measurement model was utilized, as the model
ASEAN SOGIE Caucus can be used to construct scales and check their
psychometric properties. If data fit the model,
then a scale with invariant measurement
This learning session is based on our properties, including interval-level scores, will
organization's experience in developing "Bata have been developed. This paper highlights
at Bahaghari: The Experiences of LGBT the unique properties of the Rasch model.
Children", a discussion paper which Items were developed to measure
documented and expounded on during a performance of deans, department heads or
workshop with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and middle managers. Six items measure
transgender (LGBT) children conducted by interpersonal role, five items measure
ASEAN SOGIE Caucus in cooperation with the planning, coordination, and decisional role,
Civil Society Coalition on the Convention on four items measure command and control and
the Rights of the Child (CSC-CRC). In this two items measure organizing and
session, we will discuss the key issues raised informational role. The sampling framework
during our workshop, the various legal and included all full time faculty and staff. Items
ethical challenges in working with children of were assessed for fit to the Rasch model.
diverse sexual orientations and gender Rasch analysis demonstrated that eight items
identities, and suggest ways forward for and nineteen persons did not fit the model. A
researchers and clinicians with the vision of person separation index of 0.97 indicated high
making the practice of psychology more reliability. This means that there are adequate
inclusive of LGBT children. numbers of items to produce reproducible
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
Retirement can be seen as an event wrapped This study examined the contribution of several
by a series of interconnected critical situations predictors on the job performance of 150 public
interfering in the quality of life of the elderly. and 150 high school teachers. With the
Hence, understanding how elders experience implementation the K to 12 educational
the retirement process can aid health reforms, high school teachers are currently
professionals' efforts to work with this experiencing considerable changes in the
population by bringing them closer to their basic educational system in our country. They
reality (Alvarenga, 2009). also bear the burden of implementing these
Retirement readiness indicates that the changes, despite numerous challenges.
successful transition to retirement is in part the Internal factors can contribute to the continued
result of knowing about and, more importantly, successful job performance of individuals in the
doing something about completing the midst of instability and insecurity in the
necessary activities to get ready for retirement workplace. The study sought to find out the
(MetLife, 2013). contribution of self-esteem, organization-
This study was conceptualized to develop a based self-esteem, psychological capital,
retirement readiness scale specifically for resistance to change, and trust in organization
public school teachers to help them in planning on the job performance of public and private
and successfully carrying out their plan to high school teachers. Multiple regression
obtain a well-adjusted retirement. Moreover, analysis showed that this combination of
this study followed the four phases of test predictors significantly contribute to the job
construction: Planning; Item-writing; Tryout performance of high school teachers. Based on
and Analysis; and Instrument Evaluation. the findings of the study, implications for
The Retirement Readiness Scale consists of human resource management, specifically in
95 items that are distributed across the the management of organizational changes
subscales, namely Religion and Spirituality (24 and educational reforms, are discussed.
items), Leisure and Recreation (19 items),
Family Reconnection (13 items), Social
Engagement (12 items), Health and Wellness
(13 items), Financial Confidence (9 items), and PARALLEL ORAL PRESENTATIONS
Spiritual Practices (5 items). These seven
F1 TO F8
subscales were found important by Filipino
teachers in preparing for their retirement to September 21, 2017
achieve a well-adjusted retirement. 04:30 PM – 06:00 PM
Keywords: retirement readiness, development,
validation
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
adolescents establish a strong sense of self in strategies. Adequate Q & A time will be allotted
order for them to live fully; one component of allowing participants to ask and clarify points of
this is self-esteem. Quasi-experimental one- uncertainty. (Note: If this is given a workshop
group pretest-posttest design was used to find option, a more detailed presentation plus a
out the efficacy of the dance movement case study will be presented and discussed)
exercises on enhancing the self-esteem levels
amongst female adolescents under foster care
of the Good Shepherd Convent. Fourteen
female adolescents were conveniently SESSION F4
sampled and willingly participated but only SYMPOSIUM: Organizational Politics
thirteen completed the dance movement and Individual Process
exercise sessions. Based on the results of the
study, it has been proven that 8 sessions of Convener: Darren E. Dumaop
dance movement exercise significantly De La Salle University-Manila
enhanced the self-esteem of abused female
adolescents sheltered in Good Shepherd
Convent. F4-1
Keywords: dance movement exercise, self- “Politicking”: Young Professionals’ Lived
esteem, abuse, female adolescents Experience of Organizational Politics
Gerald Peñaranda
SESSION F3 De La Salle University
LEARNING SESSION: Current Status of
the Rorschach Inkblot Test This study explored what it is like for young
professionals to experience politics in the
Facilitator: Jose A. Iligan workplace. Although there have been many
J.A.I. Training and Psychological quantitative studies that has sought to
Assessment Consultancy understand the causes and effects of
organizational politics in recent years, none
has examined closely how this is experienced
Formally launched in 2011, the Rorschach by individuals who only recently graduated
Performance Assessment System or R-PAS is from college. An understanding of how they
a clinically-rich, highly-standardized, evidence- make sense of their experience is essential on
based and internationally-focused measure of how to help college students be better
personality and psychopathology. It further prepared, adjust, and deal with the reality of
advances the inkblot method that H. organizational politics. Involving the
Rorschach personally developed in 1921.. R- participation of five (5) young professionals
PAS is fast becoming the Rorschach system of working in different industries, interviews
choice among assessment and clinical elicited stories of organizational politics
psychologists using the method in their private observed and experienced in the workplace.
or clinical practice,. primarily because of its Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)
informed foundation on contemporary was used in the analysis of the data. Four main
empirical research and applied clinical themes emerged from the participants’
practice. R-PAS has also commendable user- accounts. First, they view organizational
friendly features that facilitate easier politics as originating from self-serving
administration and coding as well analysis and motivations. Second, they have experienced
presentation of results, Its use has both manual strong emotional reactions against it. The third
and online options. The learning session aims theme focused on the ego-defense strategies
to familiarize participants with the rationale and they have used in dealing with those
development of the Rorschach Performance experiences. Finally, the fourth theme
Assessment System as well as its highlights the improvement in their political
administration, coding and interpretation skills.
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
G2-1 G2-2
Religious Identity and Mental Health Our Troll is Good, Their Troll is Bad:
Outcomes among Black Nazarene Devotees Religious Commitment Exacerbates Moral
Hypocrisy in Judging Internet Troll
Homer J. Yabut, Crisanto Regadio, Jr.,
Winnifred R. Louis, Whinda Yustisia, Anna Alemae Tpawan, Darren Dumaop & John
Mendiola & Lex Ledesma Jamir Benon Aruta
De La Salle University-Manila
Moral hypocrisy occurs when an individual
Previous researchers have demonstrated the evaluates her moral violation as more
important role of identity affiliation in predicting acceptable compared to the same moral
the individual’s participation in collective violation committed by others. We tested this
actions (Simon et al., 1998; van Zomeren et al., on an intergroup level. Eighty-nine
2008; van Zomeren, 2013). Correspondingly, undergraduates sampled from different
the exploration of the role of an individual’s colleges and universities participated in the
involvement in collective actions (Tausch & study. They belonged to two distinct religious
Becker, 2013; van Zomeren et al., 2012) groups. We randomly assigned participants to
including religious mass gatherings (Tewari et treatments where they morally judged an
al., 2012; Hopkins et al., 2015) as a predictor internet troll who attacks another religion. The
of positive outcomes has been gaining troll is either a member of the rater’s group
importance in recent years. The present attacking the other group or a member of the
research investigated the role of religious other group attacking the rater’s group.
identity among the devotees of the Black Religious commitment was measured. We
Nazarene and their participation in the annual found that people who are moderate and high
religious mass gathering called Traslación. in religious commitment judged the outgroup
Furthermore, this study demonstrates how troll far more harshly than the ingroup troll.
participating in the Traslación is related to Participants who are low in religious
positive outcomes such as hope, commitment showed no difference. If
effervescence and self-esteem. Survey intergroup moral hypocrisy means judging the
questionnaires measuring the different same moral violation differently disfavoring the
variables were administered to different outgroup, then results show that higher
participants of the yearly religious. Analyses religious commitment lead to greater
indicated that religious identity is a significant hypocrisy.
predictor of participation in the religious mass
gathering. Further analysis revealed that G2-3
religious identity has positive relationship with Dispositional Proneness to Guilt and
participants’ level of hope, effervescence, well- Shame and Their Association with Self-
being and self-esteem. The results are Esteem
discussed in relation to the role of religious
identity in predicting collective action Theophilus Sohtun
(participation in religious mass gatherings)
which leads to positive outcomes that may be This study investigated the relationship of
more relevant in a collectivist context like the dispositional proneness to guilt and shame with
Philippines. self-esteem by analyzing the data collected
from 327 college students aged between 16
and 34 years old (M=20.92, SD =3.19) who
participated in the study. The Guilt and Shame
Proneness Scale (GASP) and the Rosenberg
Self-Esteem Scale (SES) were used as
measuring scales. The Multi Linear Regression
Analysis using SPSS software was used as a
model to run the analysis. The result showed
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
Motivation Scales (REMO) (Raufelder, Drury, of perfectionism that was significant in the
Jagenow, Hoferichter, & Bukowski, 2013) – the model was socially prescribed perfectionism,
REMO-P. The REMO scales measure while self-awareness and social awareness
perceptions of peers (P-REMO) and teachers were the only facets of emotional intelligence
(T-REMO) as source of scholastic motivation. that had a significant effect on the individual’s
A total of 1014 students aged 13-16 years level of self-esteem.
(Mage=13.85, SD= 0.77; 52.8% girls) from
secondary schools in the Philippines G4-4
participated in this study. To explore the Enabling Relations as determinants of
underlying factor structure of the REMO items Filipino Youth’s Positive Sense of Self: The
a two-stage approach was used with structural Path from Self Satisfaction to Prosocially as
equation modeling: (1) exploratory factor a Manifestation of Inner Strength
analyses (EFA) and (2) confirmatory factor
analyses (CFA). In accordance with the original Patricia Simon
REMO scales, factor analyses supported a De La Salle University-Manila
three-factor solution for the Peer-REMO-P
scale and a two-factor solution for the Teacher- The development of a positive identity is crucial
REMO-P scale with acceptable internal for young people to flourish and thrive. The
consistency for the 31 items: (1a) Peers as creation of a positive self-concept is partially
Positive Motivators (PPM), (2a) Peers as contingent upon the quality of relationships that
Negative Motivators (PNM), (3a) Individual the individual has with socialization agents.
Learning Behavior (ILB), and (1b) Teachers as The ability to view oneself as good has the
Positive Motivators (TPM), (2b) Teachers as potential to translate to positive developmental
Negative Motivators (TNM). Overall, factorial, outcomes including a desire to engage in
construct and criterion validity of the Philippine prosocial behaviours. In this study, the
version were sufficient. Students’ scores on the contribution of different social contexts in
REMO-P were significantly associated with promoting self satisfaction was examined.
different school-related constructs. Results Analysis of data from Filipino college youth
indicate that REMO-P is a robust measure for (N=1001) reveals that enabling relations within
use in research on achievement and motivation the family, school, peer, and community all
in Philippine schools. significantly predict a positive sense of self.
Among these, relationships formed in school
G4-3 appeared to contribute the most to self
Dictating Standards: The Mediating Effect satisfaction. Further analysis showed that this
of Emotional Intelligence on the Link positive sense of self has direct effects on
Between Perfectionism and Self-Esteem prosocial behaviours, and indirect effects
through strength of inner self or lakas ng loob.
Gabrielle M. Rodriguez Implications of the findings especially the
De La Salle University-Manila importance of helping the youth achieve a
positive self-image are discussed.
The study looked at the mediating effects of Keywords: relatedness, positive sense of self,
emotional intelligence on perfectionism and youth development, inner strength, prosocial
self-esteem. The research utilized the three behaviours
categories of perfectionism (self-oriented,
other-oriented, and socially-prescribed) to
determine each of its individual effects on one’s
level of self-esteem. The study will also make
use of the four abilities of emotional intelligence
to determine each of its effects on self-esteem:
Self-awareness, self-perception, social
awareness, and relationship management.
Mediation analyses showed that the only facet
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
SESSION G5 G5-2
Psychology and the Military Risk Factors for Combat-related PTSD:
Case Studies of Filipino Active Duty
Soldiers
Carmencita Salonga
Centro Escolar University-Mendiola
Rosalito D Guzman
University f Tomas
G5-1 Carinez Dela Cruz Fajarito
Masculinity and Aggression among Colegio de San Juan de Letran,
Selected Private First Class Soldiers Metro Manila/University of Santo Tomas
Manila
The military personnel have been consistently
Joy R. Tungol exposed to adverse potentially traumatic
University of Santo Tomas events (PTEs), making them have higher risks
of acquiring posttraumatic stress disorder
The male gender role has claimed that men are (PTSD). Although PTSD is incurred following a
expected to be tough, violent, and aggressive traumatic event, not all will have PTSD. Hence,
(Eagly & Steffen, 1986). Familial and societal risk factors that make one vulnerable towards
roles are primary measures used to define PTSD development are noteworthy to be
masculinity in the Filipino context (Valledor- investigated. Additionally, more studies are
Lukey, 2012). Moreover, Torralba (2010) needed to examine PTEs’ role in PTSD
discussed that masculinity in the Filipino development. This study contributes to the
context as a result of a patriarchal society paucity of research on Filipino soldiers. It aims
manifests itself as aggression in a personal to to investigate on the PTE risk factors for
national level. Soldiers are upheld to high combat-related PTSD as experienced by three
training standards which at times extend to Filipino active duty combat soldiers diagnosed
aggressive practices. In the Philippines, certain with PTSD. Data triangulation and
masculine stresses arise such as the emphasis convergence—from multiple data sources,
on the need for fitness and strength and the such as PTSD assessments, archival records,
need to feel dominating (Torralba, 2010). The and interviews—reveal the PTE risk factor
current study investigated on the relationship categories: combat-related experiences, pre-
between masculinity and aggression among combat and post-combat experiences at work,
private first class soldiers in Metro Manila. This and nonmilitary experiences. These findings
was based on the observed presence of are discussed and suggestions are made for
machismo, which relates masculinity with the protection of soldiers from having PTSD.
aggression. A sample of 171 male private first Keywords: risk factors, trauma, potentially
class soldiers from selected military camps in traumatic events, combat-related PTSD,
Metro Manila participated in the study. PTSD, soldiers, military personnel
Masculinity and aggression level were
measured using the Adult Masculine Behavior G5-3
Scale and Aggression Inventory Scale for Family Support, Resilience and Well-Being
Adults. Results revealed an average level of of Military Front Liners: A Mediation Study
both masculinity and aggression with a mean
and standard deviation of 135.47(15.60) and Christine Tomawis, Mary Mae S. Pelesco,
146.84 (36.53). Furthermore, a negligible Bheeverlly M. Luna, Debbie Laura L. Abejuela,
correlation was found between the two Jeanne Bernadette Z. Talisayan and Jason O.
variables (r = 0.075, p = 0.332 > α = 0.05). Manaois
Key Words: aggression, machismo, Xavier University—Ateneo de Cagayan
masculinity, and military
Military personnel particularly the front liners
are constantly exposed to stressful and often
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
risky situations. Thus, it is imperative to look for exposure. Based on the pre-test, only 10 out of
approaches to fully understand how they 11 soldiers exposed to combat engagement
process and handle distressing events with moderate-to-extreme distress underwent
accompanied by the nature of the occupation. the enhanced clinical intervention program.
Anchored on the theory Self-Regulation (Albert These were the soldiers assigned at
Bandura, 1977) and Resilience (Garry ZamBaSulTA command post coming from
Peterson, 1998), this study aims to discover if different unit stations: 11 DRC 1ID PA, 18IB
resilience has a mediating effect on family 1ID PA, MBLT-1 PN (M), MBLT-3 PN (M), and
support and subjective well-being of military MBLT-6 PN (M). The enhanced clinical
front liners. A total of 584 military front liners intervention program received by ten selected
under the 4th Infantry Division (Northern soldiers led to reduced post-traumatic stressed
Mindanao) participated in the survey. Adapted symptoms and increased levels of
questionnaires were used to complete the psychological resiliency and combat readiness.
study; Nicholson McBride Resilience From moderate-to-extreme distress and at
questionnaire, Social Support Index, and Adult least 2-3 times frequently remembering of
Well-being Scale, the questionnaires traumatic events, this was reduced to not at all-
underwent confirmatory factor analysis as well moderately distressing and at most 2-3 times
as backward and forward translation before it frequently remembering of traumatic events.
was used. The Adult Well-being scale is Psychological resiliency increased from
composed of four (4) domains: Depression, moderate to the range of high-to-very-high
Anxiety, Inward directed irritability, and psychological resiliency and low-to-moderate
Outward directed irritability. The results combat readiness. Thus, the enhanced clinical
showed that family support is positively intervention program was found effective and
correlated with resilience. Moreover, resilience is recommended for use in restoring combat
and family support are negatively correlated preparedness of soldiers.
with all four domains of subjective well-being. Keywords: Traumatic Stress (PTSD),
Furthermore, the result revealed that resilience Psychological Resiliency, Combat Readiness,
has mediating effect in relationship between Enhanced clinical intervention program.
family support and all domains of subjective
well-being.
G5-4 SESSION G6
Traumatic Stress, Psychological SYMPOSIUM: Inclusive Sport:
Resiliency, and Combat Readiness of Psychosocial Antecedents of Sport
Soldiers in ZamBaSulta: Basis for an Participation Among Diverse Groups of
Enhanced Clinical Intervention Program
Sports Participants
Lolina N. Bajin
Western Mindanao Commanda Convener: Karen Katrina V. Trinidad
University of Santo Tomas
This study was designed to explore the
traumatic stress, Psychological resiliency and
combat readiness of soldiers in ZamBaSulTa G6-1
as basis for an enhanced clinical intervention. Exploring Sport Experiences of Filipino Gay
Majority of 287 combat soldiers who Men in A Predominantly LGBT Team
participated in this study tested to have
moderate-to-extreme levels of PTSD and David Kuyunjik T. Damian
moderate-to-high level of psychological
resiliency and combat readiness after The purpose of this study is to examine athlete
engagement. They were generally young; experiences and perception on team sport
among the lowest ranking soldiers with least involvement. Focus is placed on exploring
number of years in service and least combat factors such as motivation and subjective well-
ABSTRACTS FOR THE 54TH PAP CONVENTION
SEPTEMBER 20 – 22, 2017
being in relation to being part of a themes: (1) family as source of strength, (2)
predominantly homosexual sport team. Dragon acceptance of breast cancer, (3) mutually
boat racing originated in China more than 2000 supporting relationships, (4) increased
years ago and has become a popular personal strengths, (5) greater appreciation of
recreational and competitive sport around the life and (5) I Am a Complete Woman. All three
world. It is a team sport that fosters harmony women survivors agreed that dragon boat
and a feeling of togetherness among its became instrumental in their experience of
members. In the Philippines, there is an meaningful and active lives, and a greater
estimated 50-55 active club crews. Ten gay sense of being a “complete woman” despite
athletes from one manila based club crew having one breast less.
agreed to be interviewed. The interview looked
at the issues that these gay men encounter in G6-3
being part of the dragon boat team and how Disability is Not the End of Me: A
participation in a predominantly LGBT athletic Phenomenological Study on the Motivation
group affects important life domains. Drawing of Athletes with Disabilities to Pursue
from self-determination theory, the semi- Sports
structured interview explored internal and
external conditions that either satisfy or thwart Janssen U. Joquico, Jo Arrym B. Dellosa,
psychological needs and in turn affect Patryk Renzo C. Sy, Monica Ysabel C.
psychological functioning and well-being with Madrigal, Ian Joseph C. Hong, Mariah
implications for LGBT-inclusive sport Lawrence Victoria G. Lladoc, & Karen Katrina
participation; and the wellbeing of gay men in V. Trinidad
sports will be discussed. University of Santo Tomas
motivating processes and as well as the instrument has been validated against other
struggles undergone by athletes with well-being measures such as the Satisfaction
disabilities. With Life Scale (Diener et. al., 1985). These
two well-being instruments have been
developed using a hearing sample and may not
be appropriate for use in Deaf groups or
SESSION G7 researches. In 2010, the researcher sought to
Test Development and Test Validation validate the SWLS using Deaf respondents. It
was found out that using test accommodation,
Moderator: Katrina F. Resurreccion the SWLS can be adapted for use of the Deaf
(Hernandez, 2010). This study intends to
determine if the SWBSF instrument can also
be used using Deaf sample. The process of
G7-1 establishing the reliability and validity of the
A Rating Scale to Assess the Skills of a SWBSF in a Deaf population is discusses in
Counselor-in-Training detailed in this paper.
open to the fact that their children have sexual assessment, diagnosis, and intervention
needs. methods. However, these results are only
Second, certain autistic features facilitate the available to the academic circles who consume
development of inappropriate sexual such formal studies. However, most of the
behaviors. The difficulty to take other people’s public remains oblivious to what this disorder
perspectives hinder persons with ASD from really is, especially on its nature as a
understanding what behaviors are acceptable pscyhopathology. To give better education to
in the eyes of other people. Furthermore, the those who are ignorant of this problem, it is
challenge of interpreting social context provide imperative for a psychoeducation module to be
difficulty in understanding what behaviors are published for their consumption. This research
allowed in public and which behaviors should aimed to begin this process by conducting a
be done with privacy. The need for repetition survey to assess the public’s current
and their tendency to inflexibly adhere to knowledge of Dementia. A 40-item
routine may result to the development of questionnaire was designed by the
ritualistic sexual behaviors. Because of their researchers to measure what an individual
sensory fixation and echolalic speech, some knows regarding the nature of dementia, as
persons with autism utter sexual terms which well as its implications towards a person’s
may appear out of context for other persons. cognitive, behavioral, and functional
Lastly, an individualized intervention program components. A total of 92 individuals
combining Dizon’s Behavior Coaching model participated in the study and their responses
and Transtheoretical Model of change will be were tallied to the percentage of how much of
presented as a means to minimize the them got the correct concept about dementia.
frequency of inappropriate sexual behaviors by Based on the results, it was noted that the
helping adolescents with autism develop ways participants were only correct on 15% of the
to address their sexuality and express their information related to dementia. This was
sexual needs using appropriate methods. indicative that there is a realistic high need for
an effective psychoeducation module to inform
the public on what Dementia is really about.
PARALLEL ORAL PRESENTATIONS
H1 TO H5
September 22, 2017 H1-2
Analyzing the impact of Cognitive
10:15 AM – 11:45 AM Impairments to the Activities of Daily Living
among patients with Dementia
among the elderly, and a form of support from consequences of obesity experienced by
within the social network that allows older Filipinos called for a need of a special
adults a sustained engagement in meaningful psychological intervention.
activities.
H4-4
H4-3 The Moderating Role of Gender in the
A Multiple Case Study on the Experiences Relationship of Mental Health and Intuitive
of Obesity Among Six Adult Filipinos Eating