History of Anesthesiology

1. Jaw thrust maneuver Joseph Clover

2. Cuffed tubes Arthur Guedel
3. Double cuffed, single lumen Emery Rovenstein
4. Thiopental John Lundy
5. First neuromuscular blocking agent Curare
6. Succinylcholine Hunt and Traveaux
7. Balanced anesthesia John Lundy
8. Laryngeal mask airway Archie Braun
9. Right and left sided double lumen tubes Frank Robertshaw
10. First direct vision laryngoscope Albert Kirstein
11. Slender straight laryngoscope blade Robert Miller
12. Curved laryngoscope blade Robert Macintosh
13. Pulse oximetry Severinghaus
14. BP monitoring during anesthesia George Crile/Harvey Cushing
15. Anesthesia record James Young Simpson
16. Lumbar and thoracic epidural anesthesia Fidel Pages
17. Caudal anesthesia Cathelin
18. Lumbar puncture for spinal anesthesia Heinrich Quincke
19. Father of anaesthesiology John Snow
20. Father of conduction anesthesia Heinrich Braun

Basic Pharmacologic Principles

1. Describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism and exretion of inhaled or injected drugs—
PHARMACOKINETICS
2. Describes the responsiveness of receptors to drugs and mechanisms by which these occurs—
PHARMACODYNAMI CS
3. Components of cell that interact with drugs to initiate a sequence of events leading to pharmacologic effect—
RECEPTORS
4. Rate at which a drugs leaves its site of administration—DRUG ABSORPTION
5. The pH at which the nonionized and the ionized drug concentration are equal—DISSOCIATION CONSTANT
6. A drug which when given initiates pharmacologic effects after combining with the receptor—AGONIST
7. An acute form of drug tolerance that may reflect depletion of NE stores or altered dissociation of drug from its
receptor site—TACHYPHYLAXIS
8. A calculated number that refle cts the apparent volumes of the compartmental model for that drug—VOLUME
OF DISTRIBUTION
9. The time necessary for the plasma concentration of the drug to decrease during the elimination phase—
ELIMINATION HALF LIFE
10. The ration between the letha l dose in 50% of patients and the effective dose in 50% of patients—THERAPEUTIC
INDEX

Two major proteins in drug transport: Albumin, Alpha1-Glycoprotein

Four body tissue compartments:
Sites of drug excretion: kidney, bile?, lungs?
What is ion trapping?
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

 In the ANS, preganglionic neurons synapse with postganglionic neurons in the –AUTONOMIC GANGLIA
 Effector organs for somatic motor NS—SKELETAL MUSCLE
 Cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located—LATERAL HORN OF SPINAL CORD GRAY MATTER
 Sympathetic preganglionic axons enter chain ganglia through—WHITE RAMUS COMMUNICANS
 Characteristic correct for parasympathetic division—PREGANGLIONIC CELL BODIES ARE IN BRAINSTEM &
LATERAL PARTS OF SPINAL CORD GRAY MATTER (S2-S4)
