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Mechanism
This thermodynamically-driven
spontaneous process occurs because
larger particles are more energetically
favored than smaller particles.[7] This
stems from the fact that molecules on the
surface of a particle are energetically less
stable than the ones in the interior.
Cubic crystal structure (sodium chloride)
where
=average radius of all the particles
particle surface tension or surface
=
energy
=solubility of the particle material
=molar volume of the particle material
diffusion coefficient of the particle
=
material
=ideal gas constant
=absolute temperature and
=time.
Specific examples
See also
Aggregation
Coalescence (chemistry)
Coalescence (physics)
Critical radius
Flocculation
Kelvin equation
Kirkendall effect
Rock microstructure
Solubility equilibrium § Particle size
effect
References
1. Zhang, Zhaorui; Wang, Zhenni; He,
Shengnan; Wang, Chaoqi; Jin, Mingshang;
Yin, Yadong (2015). "Redox reaction
induced Ostwald ripening for size- and
shape-focusing of palladium nanocrystals".
Chem. Sci. 6 (9): 5197.
doi:10.1039/C5SC01787D .
2. Huang, Zhandong; Su, Meng; Yang, Qiang;
Li, Zheng; Chen, Shuoran; Li, Yifan; Zhou,
Xue; Li, Fengyu; Song, Yanlin (2017). "A
general patterning approach by
manipulating the evolution of two-
dimensional liquid foams" . Nature
Communications. 8: 14110.
Bibcode:2017NatCo...814110H .
doi:10.1038/ncomms14110 .
PMC 5290267 . PMID 28134337 .
3. IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical
Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book")
(1997). Online corrected version: (2006–)
"Ostwald ripening ".
4. Ostwald, W. (1896). Lehrbuch der
Allgemeinen Chemie, vol. 2, part 1. Leipzig,
Germany.
5. Ostwald, W. (1897). "Studien über die
Bildung und Umwandlung fester Körper"
[Studies on the formation and
transformation of solid bodies] (PDF).
Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie. 22:
289–330.
6. Hubbard, Arthur T. (2004). Encyclopedia
of Surface and Colloid Science . CRC Press.
p. 4230. ISBN 0-8247-0759-1. Retrieved
2007-11-13.
7. Ratke, Lorenz; Voorhees, Peter W. (2002).
Growth and Coarsening: Ostwald Ripening
in Material Processing . Springer. pp. 117–
118. ISBN 3-540-42563-2.
8. Baldan, A. (2002). "Review Progress in
Ostwald ripening theories and their
applications to nickel-base superalloys Part
I: Ostwald ripening theories". Journal of
Materials Science. 37 (11): 2171–2202.
Bibcode:2002JMatS..37.2171B .
doi:10.1023/A:1015388912729 .
9. Lifshitz, I.M.; Slyozov, V.V. (1961). "The
Kinetics of Precipitation from
Supersaturated Solid Solutions". Journal of
Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 19 (1–2):
35–50. Bibcode:1961JPCS...19...35L .
doi:10.1016/0022-3697(61)90054-3 .
10. Wagner, C. (1961). "Theorie der Alterung
von Niederschlägen durch Umlösen
(Ostwald-Reifung)" [Theory of the aging of
precipitates by dissolution-reprecipitation
(Ostwald ripening)]. Zeitschrift für
Elektrochemie. 65 (7): 581–591.
doi:10.1002/bbpc.19610650704 (inactive
2017-03-07).
11. Kahlweit, M. (1975). "Ostwald Ripening
of Precipitates". Advances in Colloid and
Interface Science. 5 (1): 1–35.
doi:10.1016/0001-8686(75)85001-9 .
12. Vladimirova, N.; Malagoli, A.; Mauri, R.
(1998). "Diffusion-driven phase separation
of deeply quenched mixtures". Physical
Review E. 58 (6): 7691–7699.
Bibcode:1998PhRvE..58.7691V .
doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.58.7691 .
13. Branen, Alfred Larry (2002). Food
Additives . CRC Press. p. 724. ISBN 0-8247-
9343-9.
14. Clark, Chris (2004). The Science of Ice
Cream . Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 78–
79. ISBN 0-85404-629-1.
15. Mock, A. (2003). "Using Quantitative
Textural Analysis to Understand the
Emplacement of Shallow-Level Rhyolitic
Laccoliths—a Case Study from the Halle
Volcanic Complex, Germany". Journal of
Petrology. 44 (5): 833–849.
Bibcode:2003JPet...44..833M .
doi:10.1093/petrology/44.5.833 .
16. Vengrenovich, R.D.; Gudyma, Yu. V.;
Yarema, S. V. (December 2001). "Ostwald
ripening of quantum-dot nanostructures".
Semiconductors. 35 (12): 1378–1382.
Bibcode:2001Semic..35.1378V .
doi:10.1134/1.1427975 .
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