RC Specification Structural Steel Rev 0

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Item No Title Page No
PART 1 GENERAL............................................................................................................ 1
1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK .................................................................................. 1
1.02 SECTION INCLUDES .......................................................................................... 1
1.03 RELATED SECTIONS ......................................................................................... 1
1.04 REFERENCES..................................................................................................... 2
1.05 DEFINITIONS....................................................................................................... 8
1.06 SUBMITTALS..................................................................................................... 10
1.07 QUALITY CONTROL ......................................................................................... 11
1.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS.................................................... 14
1.09 MOCK-UP PANEL OR COMPONENTS ............................................................ 15
1.10 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE ......................................................... 15
PART 2 PRODUCTS ....................................................................................................... 17
2.01 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 17
2.02 MATERIAL ......................................................................................................... 17
2.03 UNIDENTIFIED STOCK MATERIAL ................................................................. 23
2.04 SUBSTITUTION AND PRODUCT REPLACEMENT ......................................... 24
2.05 ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED MATERIALS................................................. 24
PART 3 EXECUTION ...................................................................................................... 25
3.01 FABRICATION ................................................................................................... 25
3.02 FABRICATION TOLERANCES.......................................................................... 28
3.03 FABRICATION OF ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED STRUCTURAL STEEL. 30
3.04 CONNECTION ................................................................................................... 31
3.05 SHOP PAINTING ............................................................................................... 42
Rev 0 i Contract No:

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Contd.)
Item No Title Page No
3.06 ERECTION......................................................................................................... 44
3.07 ERECTION TOLERANCES ............................................................................... 48
3.08 ERECTION OF ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED STRUCTURAL STEEL....... 50
3.09 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL .............................................................................. 51
3.10 FIELD MODIFICATIONS ................................................................................... 51
3.11 FIELD PAINTING ............................................................................................... 52
3.12 APPLICATION OF SPRAYED-ON FIREPROOFING ........................................ 52
3.13 CLEAN UP ......................................................................................................... 53
Rev 0 ii Contract No:

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
PART 1 GENERAL
1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK
A. This Section covers furnishing, fabrication and erection of structural steel,

architecturally exposed structural steel and spray-on fireproofing works for building
construction, including the construction and removal of temporary supports as
specified herein and as shown on the Contract Drawings.
1.02 SECTION INCLUDES
A. Structural Steel Fabrication and Erection
B. Architecturally Exposed Structural Steel
C. Sprayed-On Fireproofing
1.03 RELATED SECTIONS
A. Section 01320 Construction Progress Documentation
B. Section 01330 Submittal Procedures
C. Section 01410 Regulatory Requirements
D. Section 01450 Quality Control
E. Section 01650 Product Delivery Requirements
F. Section 01660 Product Storage and Handling Requirements
G. Section 03310 Structural Concrete
H. Section 05210 Steel Joists
I. Section 05310 Steel Deck
J. Section 05510 Metal Stairs and Ladders
K. Section 05520 Handrails and Railings
L. Section 05530 Gratings
M. Section 05540 Floor Plates
N. Section 05550 Stair Treads and Nosings
O. Section 05560 Metal Castings
P. Section 05580 Formed Metal Fabrications
Rev 0 1 of 53 Contract No:

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Q. Section 05730 Ornamental Formed Metal
R. Section 09910 Paints
S. Section 09970 Coatings for Steel
1.04 REFERENCES
A. The referred codes and standards are intended to provide an acceptable level of
quality for materials and products. In case of conflict between these standards and
the text of this Specification, the Specification text shall govern.
B. The latest revision of the referred codes and standards shall be used wherever
applicable. In case of conflict, the Contractor shall propose equipment conforming to
one group of codes and standards.
C. SASO Saudi Arabian Standards Organization
1. SASO 39 Mechanical Testing of Welded Joints
2. SASO 107 Tensile Testing of Steel
3. SASO 200 Steel Wire Ropes for General Purposes
4. SASO 207-1 Bend Testing Method for Steel. Part 1: Steel

Products, Not Including Sheets and Strips Less Than
3 mm Thick
5. SASO 208-2 Bend Testing Methods for Steel. Part 2: Sheets and
Strips Less Than 3 mm thick
A: Simple Bend Testing (Bending in One Direction
with Specified Angle)
6. SASO 209-2 Bend Testing Methods for Steel. Part 2: Sheets and
Strips Less than 3 mm Thick
B: Reverse Bend Testing (Bending Through an
Angle of 90° and Then Returning to the Original
Position)
D. AISC American Institute of Steel Construction
1. Manual of Steel Construction - Allowable Stress Design
2. Manual of Steel Construction - Load and Resistance Factor Design
3. Specification for Structural Steel Buildings - Allowable Stress Design and

Plastic Design
4. Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural Steel Buildings
5. Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges
6. Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts

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E. AISI American Iron and Steel Institute
1. Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members with

Commentary
2. Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Cold-Formed Steel

Structural Members
F. ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
1. ASME B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness and

Lay)
G. ASTM American Society for Testing and Material
1. ASTM A6M Standard Specification for General Requirements for

Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes and
Sheet Piling
2. ASTM A27M Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon,

for General Application
3. ASTM A36M Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
4. ASTM A53M Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and

Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
5. ASTM A108 Standard Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and

Alloy, Cold Finished
6. ASTM A123M Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized)

Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
7. ASTM A148M Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High

Strength, for Structural Purposes
8. ASTM A153M Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on

Iron and Steel Hardware
9. ASTM A193M Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless

Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service
10. ASTM A194M Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel
Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature
Service, or Both
11. ASTM A242M Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy

Structural Steel
12. ASTM A307 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and
Studs, 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength
13. ASTM A325M Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel,

Heat Treated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength

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14. ASTM A354 Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered

Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally
Threaded Fasteners
15. ASTM A370 Standard Test Methods and Definitions for

Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
16. ASTM A449 Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered

Steel Bolts and Studs
17. ASTM A490M Standard Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts,

Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints
18. ASTM A500 Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and

Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds
and Shapes
19. ASTM A501 Standard Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and

Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing
20. ASTM A514M Standard Specification for High-Yield-Strength,

Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable
for Welding
21. ASTM A529M Standard Specification for High-Strength Carbon-

Manganese Steel of Structural Quality
22. ASTM A563M Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel
Nuts
23. ASTM A568M Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, and
High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-
Rolled, General Requirements for

Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel

Structural Steel with 345 MPa Minimum Yield Point
to 100 mm Thick
26. ASTM A606 Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,
High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-
Rolled, with Improved Atmospheric Corrosion
Resistance
27. ASTM A618 Standard Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and

Seamless High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Tubing
28. ASTM A633M Standard Specification for Normalized High-Strength

Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates
29. ASTM A668M Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon

and Alloy, for General Industrial Use

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30. ASTM A673M Standard Specification for Sampling Procedure for

Impact Testing of Structural Steel
31. ASTM A678M Standard Specification for Quenched-and-Tempered

Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel
Plates
32. ASTM A700 Standard Practices for Packaging, Marking and

Loading Methods for Steel Products for Domestic
Shipment
33. ASTM A709M Standard Specification for Carbon and High-Strength

Low-Alloy Structural Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars
and Quenched-and-Tempered Alloy Structural Steel
Plates for Bridges
34. ASTM A792M Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, 55%

Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process
35. ASTM A852M Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered

Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plate with 485 MPa
Minimum Yield Strength to 100 mm Thick

Structural Steel Shapes of Structural Quality,
Produced by Quenching and Self-Tempering
Process (QST)
37. ASTM A992M Standard Specification for Steel for Structural

Shapes
38. ASTM A1008M Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled,

Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and
High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability
39. ASTM A1011M Standard Specification for Structural Steel, Sheet

and Strip, Hot-Rolled Carbon, Structural, High-
Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy with
Improved Formability
40. ASTM B695 Standard Specification for Coatings of Zinc

Mechanically Deposited on Iron and Steel
41. ASTM E84 Standard Test Method for Surface Burning

Characteristics of Building Materials
42. ASTM E94 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination
43. ASTM E119 Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building
Construction and Materials
44. ASTM E164 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Contact

Examination of Weldments

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45. ASTM E165 Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetrant

Examination
46. ASTM E605 Standard Test Methods for Thickness and Density of
Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material (SFRM) Applied to
Structural Members
47. ASTM E709 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
48. ASTM E736 Standard Test Method for Cohesion/Adhesion of

Sprayed Fire-Resistive Materials Applied to
Structural Members
49. ASTM E759 Standard Test Method for Effect of Deflection on

Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material Applied to Structural
Members
50. ASTM E760 Standard Test Method for Effect of Impact on

Bonding of Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material Applied
to Structural Members
51. ASTM E761 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of

Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material Applied to Structural
Members
52. ASTM E859 Standard Test Method for Air Erosion of Sprayed
Fire-Resistive Materials (SFRMs) Applied to
Structural Members
53. ASTM E937 Standard Test Method for Corrosion of Steel by

Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material (SFRM) Applied to
Structural Members
54. ASTM E1042 Standard Classification for Acoustically Absorptive

Materials Applied by Trowel or Spray
55. ASTM E1513 Standard Practice for Application of Sprayed Fire-

Resistive Materials (SFRMs)
56. ASTM F436M Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
57. ASTM F959M Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-

Type Direct Tension Indicators for Use with
Structural Fasteners
58. ASTM F1554 Standard Specification for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55
and 105-ksi Yield Strength
59. ASTM F1852 Standard Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension
Control Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies,
Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile
Strength
60. ASTM G21 Standard Practice for Determining Resistance of

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Synthetic Polymeric Materials to Fungi
H. AWS American Welding Society
1. AWS A2.4 Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing, and Non-

Destructive Examination
2. AWS A5.1 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for

Shielded Metal Arc Welding
3. AWS A5.5 Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc

Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
4. AWS A5.17 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Fluxes

for Submerged Arc Welding
5. AWS A5.18 Specification for Carbon Steel Filler Metals for Gas
Shielded Arc Welding
6. AWS A5.20 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Flux

Cored Arc Welding
7. AWS A5.23M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and

Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding
8. AWS A5.25M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel

Electrodes and Fluxes for Electroslag Welding
9. AWS A5.26M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel

Electrodes for Electrogas Welding
10. AWS A5.28 Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Filler Metals for Gas
Shielded Arc Welding
11. AWS A5.29 Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux
Cored Arc Welding
12. AWS A5.32M Specification for Welding Shielding Gases
13. AWS B3.0 Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification
14. AWS D1.1M Structural Welding Code - Steel
I. SSPC The Society for Protective Coatings (formerly Structural Steel

Painting Council)
1. Steel Structures Painting Manual, Volumes 1 and 2
J. UBC Uniform Building Code Volume 1, 2 and 3
1. UBC Std 22-1 Material Specifications for Structural Steel
K. UL Underwriters Laboratories Inc.

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1. UL(FRD) Fire Resistance Directory
1.05 DEFINITIONS
A. accessory: A supplementary building product fixed to the structural member.
B. anchor bolt: A mechanical device that is cast or drilled and chemically adhered,
grouted or wedged into concrete and masonry for the purpose of the subsequent
attachment of structural steel.
C. angle: Rolled steel section with a cross section resembling the letter L, whose legs
may be equal or unequal in length.
D. base plate: A steel plate welded to the base of a column which distributes the
column loads over an area of foundation large enough to prevent crushing of the
concrete and usually secured by anchor bolts.
E. beams: A structural member, usually horizontal, whose main function is to carry

loads transverse to its longitudinal axis.
F. bearing-type connection: A mechanically fastened connection which transmit load

by means of contact of the fasteners against the sides of their holes to transfer the
load from one connected part to another.
G. bolts: Fixing element which could be removed and fixed again.
H. built-up section: A structural member made up from individual flat plates welded
together or any structural metal elements that are welded or bolted together.
I. channel section: Rolled steel section with a cross section resembling the letter U,
with inside flange surfaces that have a slope of approximately 162/3%.
J. cold formed: The process of forming a structural section by bending sheet or strip
steel in roll-forming machines without the use of heat.
K. column: Is a main vertical member carrying axial loads, which can be combined with
bending and shear, from the main roof beams or girders to the foundation. These
structural members carry loads parallel to its longitudinal axis.
L. connection: An assembly of one or more joints that is used to transmit forces

between two or more members and connection elements.
M. erector: The entity that is responsible for the erection of the structural steel.
N. fabricator: The entity that is responsible for fabricating the structural steel.
O. faying surface: The plane of contact between two plies of a joint.
P. filler metal and flux for welding: Metal of electrode surrounded by minerals or
powder (flux).
Q. floor plates: The steel decking plate in floor level.

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R. girder: A main horizontal, primary structural member spanning between two main
supports which carries other members or vertical loads.
S. grip: The total thickness of the plies of a joint through which the bolt passes,
exclusive of washers or direct-tension indicators.
T. H-section: Rolled steel section with a cross section resembling the letter H.
U. high-strength bolt: An ASTM A325M or A490M bolt, an ASTM F1852 twist-off-type

tension-control bolt or an alternative-design that meets the requirements of high
strength bolt.
V. hot rolled: Structural member formed while in a semi-molten state at the steel mill to
a general shape.
W. HP shape: Depth and width same size profile formed with one web in the middle of
two flanges where the surfaces of each part are separate parallel, generally used as
bearing piles.
X. I-section (universal beam, joist deprecated): Rolled steel section with a cross
section resembling the letter I (also termed as S-shape), a doubly-symmetric beam
shapes with inside flange surfaces that have a slope of approximately 162/3%.
Y. M-shape: Profile formed with one web in the middle of two flanges where the
surfaces of each part are separate parallel, which cannot be classified as W, HP or S
shapes.
Z. MC shape: Profile formed with one web between two flanges in one direction
(U-channel), which cannot be classified as C shapes.
AA. pretensioned joint: A joint that transmits shear and/or tensile loads in which the
bolts have been installed to provide a pre-tension in the installed bolt.
BB. protective paint system: The sum of the coats of paints related products which are
to be applied or which have been applied to a substrate to provide corrosion
protection.
CC. prying action: Lever action that exists in connections in which the line of application
of the applied load is eccentric to the axis of the bolt, causing deformation of the
fitting and an amplification of the axial tension in the bolt.
DD. rigid-frame: Assumes that beam-to-column connections have sufficient rigidity to

hold virtually unchanged the original angles between intersecting members.
EE. semi-rigid framing: Assumes that the connections of beams and girders possess a
dependable and known moment capacity intermediate in degree between the rigidity
of rigid-frame and the flexibility of simple-framing.
FF. simple framing: Assumes that, insofar as gravity loading is concerned, the ends of
beams and girders are connected for shear only, and are free to rotate under gravity
loads.
GG. slip-critical joint: A joint that transmit shear load or shear loads in combination with
tensile loads in which the bolts have been installed to provide a pre-tension in the

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
installed bolt (clamping force on the faying surfaces), and with faying surfaces that
have been prepared to provide a calculable resistance against slip.
HH. snug-tightened joint: The snug-tightened condition is the tightness that is attained
with a few impacts of an impact wrench or the full effort of an ironworker using an
ordinary spud wrench to bring the plies into firm contact.
II. sprayed fire-resistive materials: Materials that are sprayed onto substrates to
provide fire-resistive protection of the substrate.
JJ. stiffener: Member used to strengthen a plate against lateral or local buckling.
KK. structural hollow section: Steel tube of circular or rectangular cross section used
for structural purposes.
LL. substrate: The surface to which the coating material is applied.
MM. T-section: Rolled steel section with a cross section resembling the letter T with equal
flanges.
NN. tier: A column shipping piece.
OO. turn-of-the-nut method: A method for pretensioning high-strength bolts by the

rotation of the wrench a predetermined amount after the nut has been tightened to a
snug fit.
PP. W shape: Wide flanges profile formed with one web in the middle of two flanges
where the surface of each part is separate parallel.
1.06 SUBMITTALS
A. The Contractor shall submit to the Royal Commission, under the provisions of
SECTION 01330, the following items for review and approval before commencing
Work:
1. Product Data
a) Product data and manufacturer’s specifications and installation

instructions. In addition, laboratory test reports and other data to show
compliance with specifications, standards and applicable design
provisions. This shall include but not limited to:
1) Certified copies of mill reports in accordance with ASTM A6M or
A568M for each structural steel covering chemical, physical
properties, country and rolling mill of origin, and including a
statement indicating that the steel is new and unused steel. This
documentation from the manufacturer shall be accompanied by
suitable means of identification of the product, in order to ensure
the traceability between the product and the documentation.
2) High strength bolts (each type), including nuts and washers.
3) Unfinished bolts and nuts.
4) Structural steel primer paint.

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
5) Protective paint system against corrosion.

6) Welding electrodes (each type).
7) Shrinkage-resistant grout.
8) Fireproofing (if any).
2. Shop Drawings
a) The Shop Drawing shall include complete details and schedules for
fabrication and shop assembly of members and details, schedules,
procedures and diagrams showing the sequence of erection.
b) The Royal Commission’s review of Shop Drawings shall be for general

considerations only. Compliance with the requirements for materials,
fabrication and erection of structural steel shall be the Contractor’s
responsibility, including the following:
1) The details of cuts, connections, camber for trusses and large
span girders, holes, and other pertinent data. Indicate welds by
standard AWS symbols, and show size, length, and each type of
weld.
2) The setting drawings, templates, and directions for the installation
of anchor bolts and other anchorage.
3) Assembly, erection and installation drawings and manuals
indicating the sequence of work, welding and bolting procedures,
the location of permanent or temporary supports to be used.
4) The details and calculation of false work and forms supporting the
concrete work on steel structures for composite construction.
1.07 QUALITY CONTROL
A. The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality of work and shall develop and
propose programs and methods of construction and testing such as to achieve the
specified quality to the approval of the Royal Commission in accordance with
SECTION 01450.
B. Fabrication Quality Control
1. Materials and fabrication procedures shall be subject to inspection and tests in

the mill, shop and all field tests shall be done by an independent testing
laboratory. Such inspections and tests shall not relieve the Contractor of
responsibility by providing materials and fabrication procedures in compliance
with the specified requirements.
2. All inspection and testing requirements for fabrication, assembly, erection and
installation of structural steel including responsibilities of the inspectors and
testing laboratories, required inspections, tests and hold points shall be clearly
outlined. Upon review and approval of the Royal Commission, it shall become
part of this Specification and all inspection and testing shall be performed
strictly according to its requirements.

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3. Inspection and testing of high-strength bolted connection shall be in

accordance with AISC, “Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325
or A490 Bolts.” Unfinished ASTM A307 and threaded bolts shall be inspected
for bolts tightened to snug-tight joint condition.
4. Inspection and Testing of Welding
a) Welding shall be field inspected and tested by an independent testing

laboratory during fabrication and erection of structural steel as follows:
1) The Contractor shall supply mock up weld samples, whenever
required, for initial testing and the setting of the job standard.
2) All defects found in the works shall be recorded according to
types and locations, and the measures needed and to be
performed to correct such defects.
3) Visual inspection, magnetic particle, ultrasonic and radiographic
inspection shall be made for welded connections as specified on
Contract Drawings:
(a) All welded connections shall be visually inspected. The
method of visual inspection shall be in accordance with
ASTM E165.
(b) The method of magnetic particle inspection shall be in
accordance with ASTM E709. Magnetic particle inspection
shall be made on root pass and finished welds. Any type of
crack or zone of incomplete fusion or penetration shall not
be accepted. Magnetic testing shall not be performed when
welding clips and other attachments to structural steel
members.
(c) Ultrasonic inspection shall be performed in accordance with
AWS D1.1M and conforming to ASTM E164. Ultrasonic
testing shall be done on 10% of full penetration corner
groove welds.
(d) Radiographic inspection technique and standards of
acceptance shall be in accordance with AWS D1.1M and
conforming to ASTM E94, minimum quality level shall be
2% (2-2T when using hole type IQI). Radiographic
inspection shall be done on all butt weld and splices where
the principal stress is transverse to the weld.
4) Welder Identifying Symbols
(a) Each crew and welder shall be assigned an identifying
symbol or mark, and all shop and field connections
identified so that reference can be made to the crew or
welder that made the connection upon inspection.
5) Testing Laboratory
(a) The testing laboratory shall be responsible for conducting
and interpreting the tests, shall state in each report whether
the test specimens conform to all requirements of the
specifications and shall specifically note any deviations.
6) Repair and Re-Inspection of Welds

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(a) The defective welds shall be repaired in accordance with

AWS D1.1M, or replace the weld, and re-examine repaired
and replaced welds by the method used to examine the
original weld.
(b) For defective welds, the testing laboratory shall determine
the cause of the defects and institute immediate corrective
action.
7) Tests Records
(a) Records of tests, locations of all defects, corrective
measures and corrective work shall be properly
documented.
5. Charpy (V-Notch) Tests
a) Include the following in the reports for Grade 345 and 345W steel and
Grade 250 schedule for welding for structural steel intended for use in
bridges:
1) Charpy V-Notch test shall be in accordance with the requirements
of ASTM A673M.
2) The tests shall be for longitudinal orientation.
3) The impact requirement for Zone 1 shall be applied as defined in
ASTM A709M.
4) The frequency of testing for all steel covered in this requirement
shall be “H” as defined in ASTM A673M.
5) The report procedure shall be in accordance with ASTM A370.
C. Fireproofing Field Tests
1. Test for fire endurance shall be in accordance with ASTM E119.
2. Test for thickness and density shall be in accordance with ASTM E605.
3. Bond test on painted steel shall be in accordance with ASTM E736.
4. Test for bond impact strength shall be in accordance with ASTM E760.
D. Quality Assurance
1. Comply with the applicable provisions of the following codes and standards:
a) AISC, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings - Allowable Stress

Design and Plastic Design.
b) AISC, Load and Resistance Factor Design Specification for Structural

Steel Buildings.
c) AISC, Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges.
d) AISC, Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490

Bolts.

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e) AWS D1.1M, Structural Welding Code - Steel.
f) ASTM standards specified in this Section, including ASTM A6M.
E. Qualifications
1. Qualifications for Welding
a) Qualification of Welding Personnel

1) All welders and welding operators to be employed in the work
shall be certified in accordance with AWS B3.0 qualification test
within the previous 12 months.
2) Retesting for recertification of the welders, whenever required,
shall be the Contractor’s responsibility.
b) Welding Procedure Qualification

1) The procedures of qualification tests for all welds shall be in
accordance with AWS D1.1M. These procedure shall call for one
or all of the following:
(a) Proper bead shape.
(b) Minimize penetration to prevent dilution of the weld metal
with the alloy elements.
(c) Pre-heating, controlled interpass temperature and
controlled heat input.
2. Qualification of Erector
a) The Erector shall be capable of performing the erection of the structural

steel, and shall provide the equipment, personnel and management for
the scope, magnitude and the required quality of the project, and shall
be approved by the Royal Commission.
1.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
A. All works undertaken in relation to this Specification are to be completed in full

accordance with the respective health and safety requirements established by the
following:
1. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
a) Legislation, Regulation, Standards and Codes.
2. Royal Commission Regulations
a) Standards, Contractual Conditions, and Health and Safety Systems.
3. Contractor
a) Health and Safety Standards and Systems as accepted by the Royal

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Commission.
B. In the absence of any of the above, best accepted industry practice shall be
employed throughout.
1.09 MOCK-UP PANEL OR COMPONENTS
A. For architecturally exposed structural steel, whenever required, mock-up panels or

components shall be provided for inspection and acceptance standards prior to the
start of fabrication.
1.10 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE
A. The Contractor shall deliver, handle and store equipment and material units in
accordance with SECTIONS 01650 and 01660, as well as the following
requirements:
1. Packing and Shipping
a) Structural steel shall not be handled until paint has thoroughly dried.
Care shall be exercised to avoid paint abrasions and other damage.
b) Fabricated structural steel shall be transported in the largest practical

lengths and in such a way not to overstress the fabricated sections.
c) All materials shall be handled, shipped in a manner that will prevent

distortion or other damage. Distorted members shall be reported to the
Royal Commission and the Contractor shall obtain approval for the
method of replacement or correction.
d) Packing, marking and loading for shipment shall be in accordance with

the procedures recommended in ASTM A700.
e) No metal work shall be dispatched from the Fabricator’s workshops

before satisfying all the tests and conditions prescribed.
f) All open joints of girder work shall be protected from damage in transit in
such a manner as to stiffen the member and prevent distortion.
g) Shipping marks shall be carefully stenciled on each piece. Members

weighing more than 1500 kg, when required by the Royal Commission,
shall have their weights clearly stenciled upon them.
h) All straight bars and plates, except small pieces, shall be sent out in
convenient bundles and shall be temporarily riveted or bolted together or
bound with rod iron as may be directed by the Royal Commission.
i) All rivets, bolts, nuts, washers, screws, plates under 300 mm2, and
small articles generally are to be packed separately for each span or
unit, either in cases weighing, when full, not more than 350 kg or in
strong cask iron hooped, and each weighing, when full not more than
500 kg.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
j) All cases shall be made of suitable material. All rivets, bolts, nut,
washers, screws shall be packed in separate bags. A separate bag shall
be used for each diameter and length and each bag shall have a metal
label wired on indicating its contents. All cases shall be carefully
stenciled with shipping marks.
k) The sequence of shipment shall be such as to expedite the erection and

minimize the site handling of material. Deliver anchor bolts and
anchorage devices, which are to be embedded in cast-in-place concrete
or masonry, in ample time not to delay work.
l) All coating and paint material shall be packed and shipped according to
manufacturer’s recommendations.
m) All sprayed-on fireproofing material shall be delivered in sealed

containers, marked and labeled to show manufacturer’s name and
brand and certification of compliance with the specified requirements.
2. Storage and Protection
a) Materials shall be stored out of mud and dirt and proper drainage of the
storage area shall be provided.
b) All material shall be stored in a manner that will prevent distortion or

other damage. Distorted members shall be reported to the Royal
Commission and the Contractor shall obtain approval for the method of
replacement or correction.
c) Materials shall be stored in a manner to permit easy access for

inspection and identification.
d) Stored materials shall be piled securely away from any other

construction by a reasonable distance to avoid damage or soiling.
e) Materials shall be placed on skids, above the ground. It shall be kept

clean and properly drained. When stored externally, steel members shall
have one end of the member raised to permit rain water to run off
flanges. Girders and beams shall be placed upright and shored. Long
members such as columns and chords shall be supported on skids,
placed near enough together to prevent injury from deflection.
f) If bolts and nuts become dry or rusty, clean and re-lubricate before use.
g) Store sprayed-on fireproofing materials under cover, away from damp

surfaces. Keep dry until ready for use.
3. Handling and Delivery of Architecturally Exposed Materials
a) Special care shall be used to avoid bending, twisting or distorting the

architecturally exposed structural steel materials during handling and
delivery.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 GENERAL
A. All goods and products covered by these Specifications shall be procured, when
available, from an in-Kingdom manufacturer. Procurement of all goods and products
manufactured out-of-Kingdom must be approved by the Royal Commission.
B. All material shall be suitable for its intended usage.
C. Steel furnished for structural load-carrying purposes shall be properly identified for
conformity to the specified grade in accordance with approved standards specified
herein.
D. All sections shall be metric sized. For non-metric section intended to be used by the
Contractor, the conversions shall be made by agreed conversion tables submitted to
the Royal Commission for approval.
2.02 MATERIAL
A. Structural Steel
1. Shapes and plates shall conform to one of the following requirements of ASTM
standard specifications for use under this Specification, but not limited to:
a) Carbon Structural Steel

1) Carbon structural steel shall conform to ASTM A36M.
b) High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel

1) For improved weathering and corrosion resistance requirement,
shall conform to ASTM A242M.
c) High-Yield-Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate

1) Steel plate shall conform to ASTM A514M, suitable for welding.
d) High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel

1) Steel shall conform to ASTM A529M, structural quality.
e) High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Steels

1) Steels shall conform to ASTM A572M, structural quality.
f) High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel

1) High-strength low-alloy structural steel with 345 MPa minimum
yield point to 100 mm thick shall conform to ASTM A588M.
g) Steel, Sheet and Strip, High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-

Rolled
1) Steel, sheet and strip shall conform to ASTM A606, with improved

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
atmospheric corrosion resistance.
h) Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Shapes, Plates,

and Bars and Quenched-and-Tempered Alloy Structural Steel Plates for
Bridges
1) Conform to ASTM A709M.
i) Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plate

1) Quenched and tempered low-alloy structural steel plate with
485 MPa minimum yield strength to 100 mm thick shall conform
to ASTM A852M.
j) High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel Shapes of Structural Quality

1) High-strength low-alloy steel shapes of structural quality,
produced by quenching and self-tempering process (QST) shall
conform to ASTM A913M.
k) Rolled Steel Structural Shapes

1) Shapes shall conform to ASTM A992M.
l) Structural Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-

Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy
1) Conform to ASTM A1011M, with improved formability.
2. Pipes and Tubing
a) Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated

1) Pipes shall conform to ASTM A53M, Grade B, welded and
seamless.
b) Cold-Formed Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes

1) Tubing shall conform to ASTM A500, welded and seamless.
c) Hot-Formed Carbon Steel Structural Tubing

d) Hot-Formed High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Tubing

B. Steel Castings and Forgings
1. Cast steel and steel forgings shall conform to one of the following ASTM
standard specifications:
a) Steel Castings, Carbon

1) Carbon steel castings shall conform to ASTM A27M, Grade 450 to
240, for general application.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
b) Steel Castings, High Strength

1) High strength steel castings shall conform to ASTM A148M,
Grade 550 to 345, for structural purposes.
c) Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy

1) Steel forgings shall conform to ASTM A668M, for general
industrial use.
C. Bolts, Washers and Nuts
1. Steel bolts, washers and nuts shall conform to one of the following ASTM
standard specifications:
a) Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure or High-
Temperature Service, or Both
1) Conform to ASTM A194M.
b) Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs of 60,000 psi Tensile Strength

1) Steel bolts and studs shall conform to ASTM A307, for unfinished
bolts, Grade A.
c) High-Strength Steel Bolts, Heat Treated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile

Strength (Metric)
1) Conform to ASTM A325M (Types 1 and 3).
2) Type 3 bolts when specified in Contract Drawings shall not be
replaced by Type 1 bolts.
d) Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and Studs

1) Conform to ASTM A449.
2) Permitted only in connections requiring bolt diameter greater than
38 mm and shall not be used in slip-critical connections.
e) High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel
Joints (Metric)
1) Conform to ASTM A490M (Type 1 and 3).
2) Type 3 bolts when specified on the Contract Drawings shall not be
replaced by Type 1 bolts.
f) Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts

1) Carbon and alloy steel nuts shall conform to ASTM A563M.
g) Hardened Steel Washers

1) Steel washers shall conform to ASTM F436M.
h) Compressible-Washer-Type Direct Tension Indicators

1) Washer shall conform to ASTM F959M, for use with structural
fasteners (metric).

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
i) “Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer

Assemblies, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
1) Conform to ASTM F1852.
2. Alternative-Design Fasteners
a) The use of alternative-design for high-strength bolt fasteners is

permitted upon approval of the Royal Commission provided:
1) The materials meet manufacturing and chemical composition
requirements of ASTM A325M or A490M.
2) The materials meet the mechanical property requirements of
ASTM A325M or A490M in full-size test.
3) The body diameter and bearing area under the bolt head and nut
that is equal to or greater than those provided by a bolt and nut of
the same nominal dimensions as specified herein.
4) Supplied and used in the work as fastener assembly.
D. Anchor Bolts and Threaded Rods
1. Anchor bolt and threaded rod steel shall conform to one of the requirements of
the following standards including but not limited to:
a) Carbon Structural Steel

1) Anchor bolts and rods shall conform to ASTM A36M.
b) Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials

1) Materials shall conform to ASTM A193M, for high-temperature
service.
c) Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs

1) Bolts and studs shall conform to ASTM A307, 60,000 psi tensile
strength.
d) Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs and other Externally
Threaded Fasteners
1) Conform to ASTM A354.
e) High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel

1) Materials shall conform to ASTM A572M.
f) High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel

1) Materials shall conform to ASTM A588M, with 345 MPa minimum
yield point to 100 mm thick.
g) Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55 and 105 ksi Yield Strength

1) Bolts shall conform to ASTM F1554.
h) Threads on anchor bolts and threaded rods shall conform to Unified

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
Standard Series of ASME B18.2.6 and shall have Class 2A tolerances.
E. Galvanizing
1. All bolts shall be galvanized unless noted otherwise on the Contract Drawings.
Galvanizing shall be in accordance with the following ASTM specifications:
a) ASTM A325M (Type 1) Bolts

1) Galvanizing shall be in accordance with the requirements of
ASTM B695, Class 50.
b) ASTM A36M and A307 Bolts

1) Galvanizing shall be in accordance with the requirements of
ASTM A153M, Class C.
2. The minimum weight of the hot-dip zinc coating shall be 915 g/m2.
3. Nut shall be tapped oversize in accordance with ASTM A563M.
4. Nut threads shall be re-tapped after hot-dip galvanizing to provide proper fit.
F. Stud Shear Connector
1. Headed Stud Type Shear Connector
a) Headed stud type shall conform to ASTM A108, Grade 1015 or 1020,
cold finishes carbon steel, with dimensions complying with AISC
specifications.
G. Filler Metal and Flux for Welding shall conform to one of the following specifications
of the American Welding Society (AWS), but not limited to:
1. Carbon Steel Electrodes
a) Conform to AWS A5.1, for shielded metal arc welding.
2. Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc Welding Electrodes
a) Conform to AWS A5.5, for shielded metal arc welding.
3. Carbon Steel Electrodes and Fluxes
a) Conform to AWS A5.17M, for submerged arc welding.
4. Carbon Steel Filler Metals
a) Conforming to AWS A5.18, for gas shielded arc welding.
5. Carbon Steel Electrodes
a) Conform to AWS A5.20, for flux cored arc welding.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
6. Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes
a) Conform to AWS A5.23M, for submerged arc welding.
7. Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes
a) Conform to AWS A5.25M, for electro-slag welding.
8. Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes
a) Conforming to AWS A5.26M, for electro-gas welding.
9. Low-Alloy Steel Filler Metals
a) Conform to AWS A5.28, for gas shielded arc welding.
10. Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes
a) Conform to AWS A5.29, for flux cored arc welding.
11. Welding Shielding Gases
a) Conform to AWS A5.32M.
H. Primer Paint
1. Primer paint shall be in conformance with SECTIONS 09910 and 09970.
I. Non-Shrink Grout Material
1. Non-shrink grout material shall be in conformance with SECTION 03310.
J. Sprayed-On Fireproofing
1. Fireproofing shall be in conformance with ASTM E1042; Class (a), Category A,

except that the dust removed shall not exceed 0.27 g/m2 of fireproofing
material applied. Classification of acoustically absorptive material according to
material type is as follows:
a) Type I
1) Material shall be cementitious. Ingredients shall be uniformly
mixed and ready for use by the addition of water. When received,
the material in the container shall be dry and shall not be caked or
sticky. After the material has been properly mixed with the amount
of water specified by the manufacturer, the material shall be of
such a consistency that it can be applied with a plastering trowel
or with a suitable plaster-spraying machine.
b) Type II
1) Material shall be fibrous. Material shall consist of mineral or
organic fiber with an integrally mixed binder, or it may be supplied
for use with a liquid binder added at the time of application.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
2. Materials containing asbestos are not permitted.
3. Fireproofing characteristics when applied in thickness and density required to

achieve the fire rating specified is indicated in Table 2A.
TABLE 2A: FIREPROOFING CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERISTIC TEST RESULTS
Deflection ASTM E759 No cracking, spalling, or delamination

when backing to which it is applied
has deflection up to 1/120 in 3 m
Corrosion-Resistance ASTM E937 No promotion of corrosion of steel
Bond Impact ASTM E760 No cracking, spalling, or delamination
Cohesion/Adhesion ASTM E736 Minimum cohesive/adhesive strength

(Bond Strength) 9.57 kPa for protected areas,
19.15 kPa for exposed areas
Air Erosion ASTM E859 Maximum gain weight of the

collecting filter 0.27 g/m2
Compressive Strength ASTM E761 Minimum compressive strength

36 kPa
Surface Burning ASTM E84 Flame spread of 25 or less, smoke

Characteristics with developed 50 or less
Adhesive and Sealer to
be Used
Fungi Resistance ASTM G21 Resistance to mold growth when

inoculated with aspergillus niger
(28 days for general application)
2.03 UNIDENTIFIED STOCK MATERIAL
A. Stock materials that are purchased under no particular specification, under a

specification that is less rigorous than the applicable ASTM specifications or without
certified mill test reports or other recognized test reports shall not be used without the
approval of the Royal Commission.
B. Unidentified stock material shall be segregated and stored separately from all other
material to be used in the work.
C. Whenever the Contractor intends to use the unidentified stock material, a testing plan
shall be included or amended in the Quality Control Program for this purpose and
implement it in accordance with the requirements of SECTION 01450.
D. If conditions are acceptable and in accordance to the criteria contained in

ASTM A6M, unidentified stock material is permitted to be used for unimportant

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
members or details, where the precise physical properties and weldability of the steel
would not affect the strength of the structure.
2.04 SUBSTITUTION AND PRODUCT REPLACEMENT
A. No substitution of the structural system, member sizes or steel strength shall be

permitted. For unavailable particular member size, a member of the same size and
sectional properties shall be built up from individual plates, or shall be replaced by
products covering the initial requirements to expedite the job, with no additional cost.
B. For all substitution cases, the Contractor shall prepare and submit supporting design
calculations, test reports and all necessary documents for approval of the Royal
Commission.
2.05 ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED MATERIALS
A. For work that will be exposed to view, use only materials that are smooth and free of
surface blemishes including pitting, rust and scale seam marks, roller marks, rolled
trade names and roughness. Remove such blemishes by grinding, or by welding and
grinding, prior to cleaning, treating and application of surface finishes.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 FABRICATION
A. General
1. Fabrication shall not commence until documents under par. 1.06 are
reviewed and approved by the Royal Commission.
2. The Contractor shall be responsible for the correct interpretation of the work to
be done and for the accuracy of the detailed dimensions.
3. Unauthorized splicing of members shall not be permitted.
4. Strict consideration shall be given to occupational safety and hazards.
B. Identification of Material
1. Material with Special Requirements
a) Material that is ordered to special requirements shall be properly marked

by the supplier as specified in ASTM A6M upon delivery to the
fabricator’s shop.
b) Materials not marked by the supplier shall not be used until:

1) Identification shall be established by means of testing in
accordance with applicable ASTM specifications.
2) Application of fabricator’s identification mark.
c) Members made up of material that is ordered to special requirements

shall not be given the same assembling or erection mark as members of
other material, even if they are identical in dimension and detail.
2. Material for Architecturally Exposed Structural Steel
a) Specific identification shall be made for members or components that

are architecturally exposed structural steel.
C. Preparation of Material
1. Thermal Cutting
a) Thermal cutting of structural steel by hand-guided or mechanically

guided means shall be permitted.
1) Thermally cut free edges which will be subject to substantial
tensile stress, shall be free of gouges greater than 4.76 mm.
Gouges greater than 4.76 mm deep and sharp notches shall be
removed by grinding and repaired by welding.
2) Thermally cut edges which are to have welds deposited upon
them, shall be reasonably free of notches or gouges.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
3) All re-entrant corners shall be shaped to a smooth transition. If

specific contour is required, it must be shown on the Contract
Drawings.
2. Surfaces that are specified as “finished” on the Contract Drawings shall have a
roughness height value of equal to or less than 500 as per ANSI/ASME B46.1.
D. Beam Copes and Weld Access Holes
1. All weld access holes required to facilitate welding operations shall have length
from the toe of the weld preparation not less than 1½ times the thickness of
the material in which the hole is made. The height of access hole shall be
adequate for deposition of sound weld metal in the adjacent plates and provide
clearance for weld tabs.
2. In hot rolled shapes and built-up shapes, all beam copes and weld access
holes shall be shaped free of notches or sharp re-entrant corners except that,
when fillet web-to-flange welds are used in built-up shapes, access holes are
permitted to terminate perpendicular to the flange.
3. For ASTM A6M Group 4 and 5 shapes and built-up shapes of material more
than 50 mm thick, the thermally cut surfaces of beam copes and weld access
holes shall be ground to bright metal and inspected by either magnetic particle
or penetrant methods.
4. Beam copes and weld access holes in ASTM A6M Group 4 and 5 shapes and
welded built-up shapes with material thickness greater than 50 mm shall be
preheated to a temperature of not less than 66°C (150°F) prior to thermal
cutting.
5. If the curved transition portion of weld access holes and beam copes are
formed by predrilled or sawed holes, that portion of the access hole or cope
need not be ground.
6. Weld access holes and beam copes in other shapes need not be ground nor
inspected by dye penetrant or magnetic particle.
E. Fitting and Fastening
1. Projecting elements of connection materials need not be straightened in the

connecting plane, subject to limitations in the AISC specifications.
2. Backing Bars and Runoff Tabs
a) Backing bars and runoff tabs shall be used in accordance with

AWS D1.1M as required to produce sound welds. It shall not be
removed unless specified on the Contract Drawings.
b) When removal of backing bars is specified on the Contract Drawings,

such removal shall meet the requirements in AWS D1.1M.
c) When removal of runoff tabs is specified on the Contract Drawings,

hand flame-cutting close to the edge of the finished member with no
further finishing shall be permitted, unless other finishing is specified on

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
the Contract Drawings.
3. High-strength bolts for shop-attached connection materials shall be installed in

the shop, unless otherwise noted in the Shop Drawings.
F. Milling and Planing
1. Planing or finishing of sheared or thermally cut edges of plates or shapes shall

not be required unless specifically called for on the Contract Drawings or
included in a stipulated edge preparation for welding.
2. Mill column and bearing stiffeners to give full bearing over the cross section.
Plane contact surfaces of bearing plates.
G. Drilling and Punching
1. Holes shall be drilled or punched at right angles to the surface of the metal, not
more than 2 mm larger than the connector diameter.
2. Enlarging of holes to admit connector shall be done by reaming. Flame cutting

or burning to enlarge holes is not permitted.
3. Punching of holes in materials with thickness in excess of the connector

diameter or thicker than 22 mm shall not be permitted. Otherwise, it shall be
done by drilling or sub-punching and reaming.
4. The die for all sub-punched holes and the drill for all sub-drilled holes shall be
at least 2 mm smaller than the nominal diameter of the bolt.
5. Holes in ASTM A514M steel plates over 12 mm thick shall be drilled.
6. Holes shall be clean-cut without torn or ragged edges. Outside burrs resulting
from drilling operations shall be removed.
H. Holes, Slots and Openings
1. Provide holes, slots and openings required by other work together with the
necessary reinforcing as indicated on the Contract Drawings. Suitable
templates shall be used for proper locations of these openings.
2. Steel requiring adjustment shall be provided with slotted holes as indicated on

the Contract Drawings and as specified in par. 3.04 B.4.
3. Changes in location of openings shall not be done without prior approval from
the Royal Commission.
I. Gusset Plates
1. Minimum thickness of gusset plate shall be 8 mm, unless otherwise indicated

on the Contract Drawings.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
J. Compression Joints
1. Compression joints which depend on contact bearings as part of the splice

capacity shall have the bearing surfaces of individual fabricated pieces
prepared by milling, sawing or other suitable means.
K. Finishing of Column Bases
1. Column bases and base plates shall be finished in accordance with the
following requirements:
a) Rolled steel bearing plates 50 mm or less in thickness are permitted

without milling, provided a satisfactory contact bearing is obtained.
b) Rolled steel bearing plates over 50 mm but not over 100 mm in

thickness may be straightened by pressing, or if presses are not
available, by milling for all bearing surfaces except as noted in
pars. 3.01 K.1.e and f, to obtain a satisfactory contact bearing.
c) Rolled steel bearing plates over 100 mm thick shall be milled for all
bearing surfaces except as noted in pars. 3.01 K.1.e and f.
d) Column bases other than rolled steel bearing plates shall be milled for
all bearing surfaces except as noted in pars. 3.01 K.1.e and f.
e) The bottom surfaces of bearing plates and column bases which are
grouted to insure full bearing contact on foundations need not be milled.
f) The top surfaces of base plates with columns full-penetration welded

need not be pressed or milled.
L. Back to Back Members
1. Structural steel members consisting of back to back channels or angles shall

not be used due to inaccessibility for maintenance.
3.02 FABRICATION TOLERANCES
A. Fabrication tolerances shall conform to the requirements of the AISC specification for
the design and fabrication of structural steel, as specified herein:
1. Length
a) For members that have both ends finished for contact bearing, the
variation in the overall length shall be equal to or less than 1 mm.
b) For other members that frame to other structural steel elements, the
variation in the detailed length shall be as follows:
1) For members that are equal to or less than 9000 mm in length,
the variation shall be equal to or less than 2 mm.
2) For members that are greater than 9000 mm in length, the
variation shall be equal to or less than 3 mm.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
2. Straightness
a) For straight structural members other than compression members,

whether of a single standard structural shape or built-up, the variation in
straightness shall be equal to or less than that specified for wide-flange
shapes in ASTM A6M, except when a smaller variation in straightness is
specified on the Contract Drawings.
b) For straight compression members, whether of a standard structural

shape or built-up, the variation in straightness shall be equal to or less
than 1/1000 of the axial length between points that are to be laterally
supported.
c) For curved structural members, the variation from the theoretical

curvature shall be equal to or less than the variation in sweep that is
specified for an equivalent straight member of the same straight length
in ASTM A6M.
d) In all cases, completed members shall be free of twists, bends and open
joints. Sharp kinks or bends shall be cause for rejection.
3. Camber
a) For beams and trusses that are detailed without specified camber, the
member shall be fabricated so that, after erection, any incidental camber
due to rolling or shop fabrication is upward.
b) For beams that are specified on the Contract Drawings with camber,
beams received from the Fabricator with 75% of the specified camber
shall require no further cambering. Otherwise, the variation in camber
shall be as follows:
1) For beams that are equal to or less than 15 m in length, the
variation shall be equal to or less than - 0, or + 13 mm.
2) For beams that are greater than 15 m in length, the variation shall
be equal to or less than - 0, or + 13 mm plus 3 mm for each 3 m
or fraction thereof in excess of 15 m in length.
c) For fabricated trusses that are specified on the Contract Drawings with
camber, the variation in camber at each specified camber point shall be
equal to or less than ± 1/800 of the distance to that point from the nearest
point of support.
d) For purpose of inspection, camber shall be measured in the Fabricator’s

shop in the unstressed condition.
4. Variation in Depth
a) When permissible variation in depths of beams and girders result in

abrupt changes in depth at splices, such deviations shall be accounted
for as follows:
1) For splices with bolted joints, the variations in depth shall be taken
up with filler plates.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
2) For splices with welded joints, the weld profile shall be adjusted to
conform to the variations in depth, the required cross-section of
weld shall be provided and the slope of the weld surface shall
meet the requirements in AWS D1.1M.
3.03 FABRICATION OF ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED STRUCTURAL STEEL
A. Members specifically designated on the Contract Drawings as “Architecturally

Exposed Structural Steel” shall be fabricated, handled and erected in strict
accordance with the requirements of AISC specification and as specified herein:
1. The permissible tolerances for out-of-square or out-of-parallel, depth, width

and symmetry of rolled shapes shall be as specified in ASTM A6M. Unless
otherwise specified on the Contract Drawings, the exact matching of abutting
cross-sectional configurations shall not be necessary. The as-fabricated
straightness tolerances of members shall be one-half of the standard camber
and sweep tolerances in ASTM A6M.
2. The tolerances on overall profile dimensions of members that are built-up from
a series of standard structural shapes, plates and bars by welding shall be
taken as the accumulation of the variations that are permitted for the
component parts in ASTM A6M. The as-fabricated straightness tolerances for
the member as a whole shall be one-half the standard camber and sweep
tolerances for rolled shapes in ASTM A6M.
3. Unless specific visual acceptance criteria for weld show-through are specified
on the Contract Drawings, the members or components shall be acceptable as
produced.
4. All copes, miters and cuts in surfaces that are exposed to view shall be made
with uniform gaps of 3 mm if shown as open joints, or in reasonable contact if
shown without gap.
5. All welds that are exposed to view shall be visually acceptable if they meet the
requirements in AWS D1.1M, except all groove and plug welds that are
exposed to view shall not project more than 2 mm above the exposed surface.
Finishing or grinding of welds shall not be necessary, unless such treatment is
required to provide clearances or fit of other components.
6. Erection marks or other painted marks shall not be made on those surfaces of
weathering steel architecturally exposed structural steel members that are to
be exposed in the completed structure. Unless otherwise specified on the
Contract Drawings, the weathering steel architecturally exposed structural
steel member shall be cleaned to meet the requirements of SSPC-SP6.
7. Stamped or raised manufacturer’s identification marks shall not be filled,

ground or otherwise removed.
8. Seams of hollow structural sections shall be acceptable as produced. Seams

shall be oriented away from view as directed on the Contract Drawings.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
3.04 CONNECTION
A. General
1. All connections shall be as shown on the Contract Drawings. Shop, assembly,

erection and installation drawings that show the connection shall be prepared
by the Contractor as specified in par. 1.06. The Contractor shall not re-design
or alter any connection without prior approval of the Royal Commission.
2. All connections shall be one of the following:
a) Bolted
1) High strength bolts shall have a minimum of 20 mm diameter.
2) Unfinished bolts shall have a minimum of 20 mm diameter, except
for handrails and ladders with 16 mm diameter.
b) Welded
1) The minimum size of welds shall comply with Section J2 of the
AISC “Specification for Structural Steel Buildings.”
B. Bolted Connection
1. High-Strength Bolts
a) High-strength bolting shall be in accordance with the requirements of the

AISC “Specifications for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or
ASTM A490 Bolts” and as specified herein:
1) High-strength bolts shall be used in bearing-type or slip-critical
type connections, as indicated on the Contract Drawings.
2) High-strength bolted joints shall be made without the use of
erection bolts.
3) The bolt length used shall be such that the end of the bolt extends
beyond or is at least flush with the outer face of the nut when
properly installed.
4) Members shall be brought tightly together with sufficient high-
strength “fitting-up” bolts which shall be re-tightened as all the
bolts are finally tightened.
5) Bolt heads shall be protected from damage during placing. Bolts
that have been completely tightened shall be marked for
identification.
6) ASTM A490M bolts and galvanized ASTM A325M bolts shall not
be reused. When approved by the Royal Commission, black
ASTM A325M bolts are permitted to be reused. Touching up or
re-tightening bolts that may have been loosened by the
installation of adjacent bolts shall not be considered to be a
reused.
7) All connected plies that are within the grip of the bolt and any
materials that are used under the head or nut shall be steel

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
(uncoated, coated or galvanized). Compressible materials shall

not be placed within the grip of the bolt. The slope of the surfaces
of parts in contact with the bolt head and nut shall be equal to or
less than 1:20 with respect to a plane that is normal to the bolt
axis.
8) The orientation of fully inserted finger shims, with a total thickness
of not more than 6 mm within a joint, is independent of the
direction of application of the load.
2. Joints
a) Snug-Tightened Joints
1) Joints for application involving resistance to shear load by shear
or bearing.
2) Joints for combined shear and tension application involving
resistance to shear by shear or bearing and static tension load.
3) Joints for statically loaded applications involving ASTM A325M
bolts and ASTM F1852 twist-off-type tension control bolt
assemblies in direct tension.
4) Joints except as required in pars. 3.04 B.2.b and c.
b) Pre-Tensioned Joints
1) Joints in which fastener pre-tension is required in the specification
or code that invokes this Specification.
2) Joints that are subject to significant load reversal.
3) Joints that are subject to fatigue load with no reversal of the
loading direction.
4) Joints with ASTM A325M or F1852 bolts that are subject to tensile
fatigue.
5) Joints with ASTM A490M bolts that are subject to tension or
combined shear and tension, with or without fatigue.
c) Slip-Critical Joints
1) Slip-critical joints are only required in the following applications
involving shear or combined shear and tension:
(a) Joints that are subject to fatigue load with reversal of the
loading direction.
(b) Joints that utilize oversized holes.
(c) Joints that utilize slotted holes, except those with applied
load approximately normal (within 80 to 100°) to the
direction of the long dimension of the slot.
(d) Joints in which slip at the faying surfaces would be
detrimental to the performance of the structure.

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3. Faying Surfaces
a) Faying surfaces and surfaces adjacent to the bolt head and nut shall be
free of dirt and other foreign material and shall meet the following
requirements:
1) The faying surfaces of snug-tightened joints and pre-tensioned
joints shall be permitted to be uncoated, coated with coatings of
any formulation or galvanized.
2) The faying surfaces of slip-critical joints including those of filler
plates and finger shims shall meet the following requirements:
(a) Uncoated Faying Surfaces
(i) Shall be free of scale, except tight mill scale, and free
of coatings, including inadvertent overspray, in areas
closer than one bolt diameter but not less than
25 mm from the edge of any hole and in all areas
within the bolt pattern.
(b) Coated Faying Surfaces
(i) Shall first be blast cleaned and subsequently coated
with a coating that is qualified in accordance with the
requirements as a Class A or Class B coating as
defined in Section 5.4 of AISC, “Specification for
Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts.”
(ii) The plies shall not be assembled before the coating
has cured for the minimum time that was used in the
qualifying tests.
(c) Galvanized Faying Surfaces
(i) Shall be first hot-dip galvanized in accordance with
the requirements of ASTM A123M and subsequently
roughened by means of hand wire brushing. Power
wire brushing is not permitted. When prepared by
roughening, the galvanized faying surface is
designated as Class C for design.
4. Bolt Holes
a) The nominal dimensions of standard, oversized, short-slotted and long-

slotted holes for bolts shall be equal to or less than those shown in
Table J3.1 Nominal Hole Dimensions of AISC, “Specification for
Structural Steel Buildings,” except that larger holes, required for
tolerance on location of anchor bolts in concrete foundations, are
permitted in column base details.
1) Standard Holes
(a) Standard holes shall be used in all plies of bolted joints,
unless the use of other holes types has the approval of the
Royal Commission. Finger shims up to 6 mm may be
introduced into slip-critical connections designed on the
basis of standard holes without reducing the allowable
shear stress of the fastener.

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2) Oversized Holes
(a) Oversized holes are permitted in any or all plies of slip-
critical joints, but shall not be used in bearing-type
connections.
3) Short-Slotted Holes
(a) Short-slotted holes are permitted in any or all plies of snug-
tightened joints or pre-tensioned joints, provided the
applied load is approximately perpendicular (between 80 to
100°) to the axis of the slot.
(b) Short-slotted holes are permitted in any or all plies of slip-
critical joints without regard for the direction of the applied
load.
4) Long-Slotted Holes
(a) Long-slotted holes are permitted in only one ply at any
individual faying surface of snug-tightened joints and pre-
tensioned joints, provided the applied load is approximately
perpendicular (between 80 and 100°) to the axis of the slot.
(b) Long-slotted holes are permitted in one ply only at any
individual faying surface of slip-critical joints without regard
for the direction of the applied load. Fully inserted shims
between faying surfaces of load-transmitting elements of
bolted joints are not considered a long-slotted element of a
joint, nor are they considered to be a ply at any individual
faying surface.
b) Thermally cut bolt holes shall be permitted if approved by the Royal

Commission. For statically loaded joints, thermally cut surfaces need not
be ground. For cyclically loaded joints, thermally cut surfaces shall be
ground smooth.
5. Burrs
a) Burrs that extend 2 mm or less above the surface are permitted to

remain on the faying surfaces of snug-tightened joints and pre-tensioned
joints.
b) Burrs that extend over 2 mm above the surface shall be removed from
all joints.
c) Burrs that would prevent solid seating of the connected plies prior to
pre-tensioning of slip-critical joints shall be removed.
6. Use of Washers
a) For Snug-Tightened Joints

1) Washers are not required in snug-tightened joints, except as
mentioned below:
(a) Sloping Surfaces
(i) When the outer face of the joint has a slope that is

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greater than 1:20 with respect to a plane that is

normal to the bolt axis, an ASTM F436M beveled
washer shall be used to compensate for the lack of
parallelism.
(b) Slotted Hole
(i) When a slotted hole occurs in an outer ply, an
ASTM F436M washer or 8 mm thick common plate
washer shall be used to cover the hole.
b) For Pre-Tensioned and Slip-Critical Joints

1) Washers are not required in pre-tensioned and slip-critical joints,
except as required in pars. 3.04 B.6.a.1.a and b and as
specified herein:
(a) Specified Minimum Yield Strength of Connected Materials
Less Than 275 MPa
(i) When ASTM A490M bolts are pre-tensioned in
connected material of specified minimum yield
strength less than 275 MPa, ASTM F436M washer
shall be used under both the bolt head and nut.
(b) Calibrated Wrench Pre-Tensioning
(i) When the calibrated wrench pre-tensioning method is
used, an ASTM F436M washer shall be used under
the turned element.
(c) Twist-Off-Type Tension-Control Bolt Pre-Tensioning
(i) When the twist-off-type tension-control bolt pre-
tensioning method is used, an ASTM F436M washer
shall be used under the nut as part of the fastener
assembly.
(d) Direct-Tension-Indicator Pre-Tensioning
(i) When the nut is turned and the direct tension
indicator is located under the bolt head, an
ASTM F436M washer shall be used under the nut.
(ii) When the nut is turned and the direct tension
indicator is located under the nut, an ASTM F436M
washer shall be used between the nut and the direct
tension indicator.
(iii) When the bolt head is turned and the direct tension
indicator is located under the nut, an ASTM F436M
washer shall be used under the bolt head.
(iv) When the bolt head is turned and the direct tension
indicator is located under the bolt head, an
ASTM F436M washer shall be used between the bolt
head and the direct tension indicator.
(e) Oversized or Slotted Hole
(i) When an oversized or slotted hole occurs in an outer
ply, the washer requirements shall be as given in

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Table 3A.
TABLE 3A: WASHER REQUIREMENTS FOR BOLTED JOINTS WITH OVERSIZED AND
SLOTTED HOLES IN THE OUTER PLY
ASTM Nominal Hole Type in Outer Ply

Designation Bolt
Diameter, Oversized Short- Long-Slotted
db, mm Slotted
A325M or F1852 12 - 38 ASTM F436M a 8 mm thick plate washer

or continuous bar b, c
A490M 24
> 24 ASTM F436M with 8 8 mm thick hardened
mm thickness b plate washer or
hardened continuous
bar b
a
This requirement shall not apply to heads of tension-control bolt assemblies that
meet the requirements in par. 2.02 C.1.i and provide a bearing circle with a diameter
that is equal to or greater than the diameter of the corresponding ASTM F436M
washer.
b
Multiple washers with a combined thickness of 8 mm or larger do not satisfy this
requirement.
c
The plate washer or bar shall be of structural grade steel material, but need not be
hardened.
7. Installation of Bolts
a) For Snug-Tightened Joints

1) All bolt holes shall be aligned to permit insertion of the bolts
without undue damage to the threads.
2) Bolts shall be placed in all holes with washers positioned as
required in par. 3.04 B.6.a and nuts threaded to complete the
assembly.
3) Compacting of the joint to the snug-tight condition shall progress
systematically from the most rigid part of the joint.
4) The snug-tightened condition is the tightness that is attained with
a few impacts of an impact wrench or the full effort of an
ironworker using an ordinary spud wrench to bring the connected
plies into firm contact.
b) For Pre-Tensioned and Slip-Critical Joints

1) Pre-Installation Verification
(a) A Tension Calibrator shall be used where bolts are to be
installed in pre-tensioned joints and slip-critical joints to:
(i) Confirm the suitability of the complete fastener
assembly, including lubrication, for pre-tension
installation, and

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(ii) Confirm the procedure and proper use by the bolting

crew of the pre-tensioning method to be used.
(b) Testing Required
(i) A representative sample of not fewer than three
complete fastener assemblies of each combination of
diameter, length, grade and lot to be used in the work
shall be checked at the site of installation in a tension
calibrator to verify that the pre-tensioning method
develops a pre-tension that is equal to or greater
than 1.05 times that specified for installation and
inspection in Table 3B. Washers shall be used in the
pre-installation verification assemblies as required in
the work in accordance with the requirements in
par. 3.04 B.6.b.
(ii) If the actual pre-tension developed in any of the
fastener assemblies is less than 1.05 times that
specified for installation and inspection in Table 3B,
the causes shall be determined and resolved before
the fastener assemblies are used in the work.
Cleaning, lubrication and retesting of these fastener
assemblies, except ASTM F1852 twist-off-type
tension-control bolt assembles, are permitted,
provided that all assemblies are treated in the same
manner.
TABLE 3B: MINIMUM BOLT PRETENSION FOR PRETENSIONED AND SLIP-
CRITICAL JOINTS
Nominal Bolt Specified Minimum Bolt Pre-tension (KN) a

Diameter, mm ASTM A325M and F1852 Bolts ASTM A490M Bolts
12 53.4 66.7
16 84.5 106.8
20 124.6 155.7
22 173.5 218
24 226.9 284.8
27 249.2 356
32 315.9 453.9
36 378.2 538.4
38 458.3 658.6
a
Equal to 70% of the specified minimum tensile strength of bolts as
specified in ASTM Specifications for tests of full-size ASTM A325M and
A490M bolts with UNC threads loaded in axial tension, rounded to the nearest
0.1kN.
2) Pre-Tensioning Methods
(a) When it is impractical to turn the nut, pre-tensioning by
turning the bolt head is permitted while rotation of the nut is

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prevented, provided that the washer requirements in

par. 3.04 B.6.b are met. A pre-tension that is equal to or
greater than the value in Table 3B shall be provided. All
bolts shall be installed in accordance with the
requirements in par. 3.04 B.7.b, with washer positioned
as required in par. 3.04 B.6.b. One of the following pre-
tensioning methods shall be used:
(i) Turn-of-Nut Pre-tensioning: The nut or head rotation
specified in Table 3C shall be applied to all fastener
assemblies in the joint, progressing systematically
from the most rigid part of the joint in a manner that
will minimize relaxation of previously pre-tensioned
bolts. The part not turned by the wrench shall be
prevented from rotating during this operation.
(ii) Calibrated Wrench Pre-tensioning: The pre-
installation verification procedures specified in
par. 3.04 B.7.b.1 shall be performed daily for the
calibration of the installation wrench. Torque values
determined from tables or from equations that claim
to related torque to pre-tension without verification
shall not be used. The installation torque determined
in the pre-installation verification of the fastener
assembly shall be applied to all bolts in the joint,
progressing systematically from the most rigid part of
the joint in a manner that will minimize relaxation of
previously pre-tensioned bolts. The part not turned
by the wrench shall be prevented from rotating during
this operation. Application of the installation torque
need not produce a relative rotation between the bolt
and nut that is greater than the rotation specified in
Table 3C.
(iii) Twist-Off-Type Tension-Control Bolt Pre-tensioning:
Twist-off-type tension-control bolt assemblies that
meet the requirements of ASTM F1852 shall be
used. All fastener assemblies shall be installed
without severing the splined end. If a splined end is
severed during the operation, the fastener assembly
shall be removed and replaced. All bolts in the joint
shall be pre-tensioned with the twist-off-type tension-
control bolt installation wrench, progressing
systematically from the most rigid part of the joint in a
manner that will minimize relaxation of previously
pre-tensioned bolts.
(iv) Direct-Tension-Indicator Pre-tensioning: Direct
tension indicator that meet the requirements of
ASTM F959M shall be used. The pre-installation
verification procedures specified in par. 3.04
B.7.b.1 shall demonstrate that, when the pre-tension
in the bolt reaches 1.05 times that specified for
installation and inspection in Table 3B, the gap is not
less than the job inspection gap in accordance with
ASTM F959M. The installer shall verify that the

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
direct-tension–indicator protrusions have not been

compressed to a gap that is less than the job
inspection gap during this operation, and if this has
occurred, the direct tension indicator shall be
removed and replaced. All bolts in the joint shall be
pre-tensioned, progressing systematically from the
most rigid part of the joint in a manner that will
minimize relaxation of previously pre-tensioned bolts.
TABLE 3C: NUT ROTATION FROM SNUG-TIGHT CONDITION FOR TURN-OF-NUT
a, b
PRE-TENSIONING
Disposition of Outer Face of Bolted Parts
Both faces One face normal to Both faces sloped

Bolt Length c normal to the bolt axis, other not more than 1:20
bolt axis sloped not more from normal to bolt
than 1:20 d axis d
1 2
Not more /3 turn ½ turn /3 turn
than 4 bolt
diameters
2 5
More than 4 ½ turn /3 turn /6 turn
bolt
diameters but
not more than
8 bolt
diameters
2 5
More than 8 /3 turn /6 turn 1 turn
bolt
diameters but
not more than
12 bolt
diameters
a
Nut rotation is relative to bolt regardless of the element (nut or bolt) being turned.
For required nut rotations of ½ turn and less, the tolerance is ± 30°; for required nut
rotations of 2/3 turn or more, the tolerance is ± 45°.
b
Applicable only to joints in which all material within the grip is steel.
c
When the bolt length exceeds 12 bolt diameters, the required nut rotation shall be
determined by actual testing in a suitable calibrator that simulates the conditions of
solidly fitting steel.
d
Beveled washer not used.
8. Inspection
a) The Contractor shall ensure while the work is in progress that the
requirement in this Specification are met:
1) Snug-Tightened Joints
(a) After the connections have been assembled, it shall be
visually ensured that the plies of the connected elements

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
have been brought into firm contact and that washers have
been used as required in par. 3.04 B.6. No further
evidence of conformity is required. The magnitude of the
clamping force that exists is not a consideration.
2) Pre-Tensioned Joints
(a) The following inspection shall be performed in addition to
that required in par. 3.04 B.8.a.1:
(i) Turn-of-Nut Pre-tensioning: It shall be ensured by
routine observation that the bolting crew properly
rotates the turned element relative to the unturned
element by the amount specified in Table 3C.
Alternatively, when fastener assemblies are match-
marked after the initial fit-up of the joint but prior to
pre-tensioning, visual inspection after pre-tensioning
is permitted in lieu of routine observation. No further
evidence of conformity is required. A pre-tension that
is greater than the value specified in Table 3B shall
not be cause for rejection.
(ii) Calibrated Wrench Pre-tensioning: It shall be
ensured by routine observation that the bolting crew
properly applies the calibrated wrench to the turned
element. No further evidence of conformity is
required. A pre-tension that is greater than the value
specified in Table 3B shall not be cause for rejection.
(iii) Twist-Off-Type Tension-Control Bolt Pre-tensioning:
It shall be ensured by routine observation that the
splined ends are properly severed during installation
by the bolting crew. No further evidence of conformity
is required. A pre-tension that is greater than the
value specified in Table 3B shall not be cause for
rejection.
(iv) Direct-Tension-Indicator Pre-tensioning: Prior to pre-
tensioning, it shall be ensured by routine observation
that the appropriate feeler gage is accepted in at
least half of the spaces between the protrusions of
the direct tension indicator and that the protrusions
are properly oriented away from the direct tension
indicator and that the protrusions are properly
oriented away from the work. If the appropriate feeler
gage is accepted in fewer than half of the spaces, the
direct tension indicator shall be removed and
replaced. After pre-tensioning, it shall be ensured by
routine observation that the appropriate feeler gage
is refused entry into at least half of the spaces
between the protrusions. No further evidence of
conformity is required. A pre-tension that is greater
than specified in Table 3B shall not be cause for
rejection.
3) Slip-Critical Joints
(a) Prior to assembly, it shall be visually verified that the faying

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
surfaces shall meet the requirements in par. 3.04 B.3.a.2.

Subsequently, the inspection required in par. 3.04 B.8.a.2
shall be performed.
9. Unfinished Bolts
a) Unfinished bolts shall be used in bearing-type connections and locations

where high-strength bolts are not indicated or specified.
1) Limitations for unfinished bolts shall be in accordance with
Section J1.12 of AISC, “Specification for Structural Steel
Buildings.”
2) Bolt holes requirements shall be as specified in par. 3.04 B.4.a.
3) Unfinished bolt heads and nuts shall be tightened to the snug-tight
condition as specified in par. 3.04 B 7.a.
4) Washer requirements shall be as specified in par. 3.04 B.6.a.
10. Anchor Bolt Setting
a) Anchor bolts shall be set by the use of template plates secured firmly in
place prior to the placement of concrete.
C. Welded Connection
1. Welding shall be in compliance with the requirements of AWS D1.1M and this
Specification. Welding procedure and performance qualifications shall conform
to AWS B3.0.
a) Welding Symbol and Pre-Qualified Joints

1) The use of standard weld symbols as adopted by AISC shall be
mandatory.
2) Pre-qualified joints which are detailed, prepared and welded in
accordance with the requirement of the AWS standard and as
specified by AISC specifications shall invariably be used.
b) General Requirements
1) Structural welding shall not commence until joint elements are
bolted or tacked in intimate contact and adjusted to dimensions
shown with allowance for any weld shrinkage that is expected.
2) Welding sequence shall be planned and controlled to minimize
undue stress increase or undue distortions in restrained
members. Heavy sections and those having a high degree of
restraint shall be welded with low hydrogen type electrodes.
c) Wire Spacers
1) If copper wire spacers are used between 2 surfaces to be welded
to reduce transverse stresses in the weld, caution shall be taken
that it does not mix with the weld metal.

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
d) Bead Shape
1) Concave bead shapes shall be avoided.
2) Ratio of weld width to depth of fusion shall vary from a minimum
of 1:1 to a maximum of 1:1.4.
e) Field Welding
1) Field welding shall not be permitted unless shown on the Contract
Drawings.
f) Seal Welding and Vent Holes

1) Subsequent to fabrication, the overlapping or contacting surfaces
or other closed sections (such as tubular, box section) which are
inaccessible to painting or galvanizing shall be seal welded.
2) Due consideration shall be given to provide vent holes in large
overlapped surfaces or closed sections to prevent destructive
pressure build up in the entrapped gases when the assembly is
heated to the galvanizing temperatures.
g) Welded Connection for Tubular Construction

1) Cutting of the pipe and preparation of the joint surfaces shall be
done in a neat manner for a good fit up.
2) Order of assembly of the tubular sections shall consist of welding
the tensile member to the main member first. Compression
member shall be cut back to overlap the tensile member and then
welded to both of these members.
h) Preheat for Heavy Shapes

1) For ASTM A6M group 4 and 5 shapes and welded built-up
members made of more than 50 mm thick, a preheat equal to or
greater than 177°C (350°F) shall be used when making groove
weld splices.
3.05 SHOP PAINTING
A. General
1. All structural steel shall be cleaned and primed in accordance with the
requirements of the specification on SECTIONS 09910 and 09970, except as
follows:
a) Members encased in concrete.
b) Contact surfaces of welded connections and areas within 50 mm of field

welds, if any.
c) Contact surfaces of high-strength bolted (friction type) connections.
d) Milled surfaces.

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
e) Top surface of steel beam flanges to receive shear connectors, but not
supporting metal deck.
f) Members to receive sprayed fireproofing.
g) Members to receive galvanized treatment.
B. Surface Preparation
1. Cleaning
a) After inspection and before shop painting, clean steel work. Remove all
rust, loose mill scale and spatter, slag, flux deposits, oil and grease.
Clean steel in any one method conforming with the SSPC “Society for
Protective Coatings (formerly Structural Steel Painting Council)”
specifications as follows:
1) SSPC SP1, Surface Preparation Specification No. 1, Solvent
Cleaning.
2) SSPC SP2, Surface Preparation Specification No. 2, Hand Tool
Cleaning.
3) SSPC SP3, Surface Preparation Specification No. 3, Power Tool
Cleaning.
4) SSPC SP6, Surface Preparation Specification No. 6, Commercial
Blast Cleaning.
5) SSPC SP7, Surface Preparation Specification No. 7, Brush-Off
Blast Cleaning.
6) SSPC SP10, Surface Preparation Specification No. 10, Near-
White Blast Cleaning.
7) SSPC PT-3, Primer Pretreatment No. 3, Primer Pretreatment
Applied Over-Cleaned Surfaces for Steel Immersed in Water or
Exposed to Chemical Environment.
2. Shop Coat
a) Cleaning shall be done after fabrication and immediately prior to shop

painting or shipment. Apply shop coat of paint within 4 hours after
cleaning and before rust-bloom occurs.
C. Primer Application
1. Apply primer which is compatible to the finish coat where required by brush,
spray, roller, or other approved means to provide the required minimum dry
film thickness.
2. No painting shall be done when the surface temperature at which

condensation will occur.
3. Apply paint thoroughly and evenly to dry surface in accordance with

manufacturer’s instructions.

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
4. Painting during relative humidity above 90% is not permitted.
5. Runs, sags, thin and excessively thick areas in the paint film, skips and
holidays, or non-uniform appearance shall be considered evidence of
unsatisfactory work and may be required to blast clean the areas and re-apply
the paint.
3.06 ERECTION
A. General
1. All structural work shall be erected in accordance with the approved Erection
Drawings. The Contractor shall be responsible for setting out the works.
2. The suitability and capacity of all plant and equipment used for erection shall
be to the satisfaction of the Royal Commission. These shall be regularly
serviced and maintained.
3. Occupational safety practices and implementations shall be strictly adhered to

and shall be to the satisfaction of the Royal Commission.
4. Method of Erection
a) Fabricated structural steel shall be erected using methods and

sequence that will permit efficient and economical performance of
erection, and is consistent with the requirements on the Contract
Drawings.
b) If the Contractor prescribe or control the method and sequence of

erection, or specifies that certain members cannot be erected in their
normal sequence, that entity shall specify the required method and
sequence on the Contract Drawings.
c) The Contractor shall coordinate planning between the Fabricator and

the Erector, if their services were contracted separately.
5. Job-Site Conditions
a) The Contractor shall provide and maintain the following for the
Fabricator and the Erector:
1) Adequate access roads into and through the job site for the safe
delivery and movement of the material to be erected and of
derricks, cranes, trucks and other necessary equipment under
their own power.
2) A firm, properly graded, drained, convenient and adequate space
at the job site for the operation of the Erector’s equipment, free
from overhead obstructions, such as power lines, telephone lines
or similar condition.
3) Adequate storage space, when the structure does not occupy the
full available job site, to enable the Fabricator and the Erector to
operate at maximum practical speed. Otherwise, the Contractor

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STRUCTURAL STEEL
shall inform the Fabricator and the Erector of the actual job-site
conditions and special delivery requirements prior to submission
of their contract bid.
B. Foundations, Piers and Abutment
1. The accurate location, strength and suitability of, and access to, all
foundations, piers and abutments shall be the responsibility of the Contractor.
C. Building Lines and Bench Marks
1. The Contractor shall be responsible for the accurate location of building lines
and bench marks at the job site and shall furnish the Erector with a plan that
contains all such information.
2. The Contractor shall establish offset building lines and reference elevations at
each level for the Erector’s use in the positioning of adjustable items.
D. Installation of Anchor Bolts, Foundation Bolts and Other Embedded Items
1. Anchor bolts, foundation bolts and other embedded items shall be set by the
Contractor in accordance with an approved Embedment Drawing. The
variation in location of these items from the dimensions shown in the
Embedment Drawings shall be as follows:
a) The variation in dimension between the centers of any two anchor bolts
within an anchor-bolt group shall be equal to or less than 3 mm.
b) The variation in dimension between the centers of adjacent anchor-bolt

groups shall be equal to or less than 6 mm.
c) The variation in elevation of the tops of anchor bolts shall be equal to or

less than ± 13 mm.
d) The accumulated variation in dimension between centers of anchor-bolt

groups along the established column line through multiple anchor-bolt
groups shall be equal to or less than 2 mm per 10 m, but not to exceed
a total of 25 mm.
e) The variation in dimension from the center of any anchor-bolt group to

the established column line through that group shall be equal to or less
than 6 mm.
2. Unless otherwise specified on the Contract Drawings, anchor bolts shall be set
with their longitudinal axis perpendicular to the theoretical bearing surface.
3. Embedded items and connection materials that are part of the work of other
trades, but that will receive structural steel, shall be located and set by the
Contractor in accordance with an approved Embedment Drawing. The
variation in location shall be limited to a magnitude that is in conformance with
the tolerances specified in par. 3.07.
4. All work that is performed by the Contractor shall be completed so as not to

delay or interfere with the work of the Fabricator and the Erector.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
5. The Contractor shall conduct a survey of the as-built locations of anchor bolts,
foundation bolts and other embedded items, and shall verify that all items meet
the corresponding tolerances.
6. The Contractor shall obtain the guidance and approval of the Royal
Commission for corrective action, when necessary.
E. Installation of Bearing Devices
1. All leveling plates, leveling nuts and washers and loose base and bearing
plates that can be handled without a derrick or crane are set to line and grade
by the Contractor.
2. Loose base and bearing plates that require handling with derrick or crane shall
be set by the Erector to lines and grades established by the Contractor.
3. The Fabricator shall clearly scribe loose base and bearing plates with lines or
other suitable marks to facilitate proper alignment.
4. The checking of setting of bearing devices for line and grade shall be the
responsibility of the Contractor.
5. The variation in elevation relative to the established grade for bearing devices
shall be equal to or less than ± 3 mm.
F. Non-Shrink Grouting
1. Grouting shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. Leveling plates and loose
base and bearing plates shall be promptly grouted after they are set and
checked for line and grade.
2. Columns with attached base plates, beams with attached bearing plates and
other similar members with attached bearing devices that are temporarily
supported on leveling nuts and washers, shims or other similar leveling
devices, shall be promptly grouted after the structural steel frame or portion
thereof has been plumbed.
G. Field Connection Material
1. The Fabricator shall provide field connection details that are consistent with
the requirements on the Contract Drawings.
2. When the Fabricator is responsible for erecting the structural steel, the
Fabricator shall furnish all materials that are required for both temporary and
connection of the component parts of the structural steel frame.
3. When the erection of the structural steel is not performed by the Fabricator, the
Fabricator shall furnish the following field connection material:
a) Bolts, nuts and washers of the required grade, type and size and in
sufficient quantity for all structural steel-to-structural steel field
connections that are permanently bolted, including an extra 2% of each
bolt size (diameter and length).

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
b) Shims that is necessary for make-up of permanent structural steel-to-

structural steel connections.
c) Backing bars and run-off tabs that are required for field welding.
4. The Erector shall furnish all welding electrodes, fit-up bolts and drift pins used
for the erection of the structural steel.
H. Loose Material
1. Unless specified on the Contract Drawings, loose structural steel items that are
not connected to the structural steel frame shall be set by the Contractor
without assistance from the Erector.
I. Temporary Support of Structural Steel Frames
1. The Contractor shall submit to the Royal Commission the temporary support
plan and calculations for review and approval prior to commencement of steel
frame erection.
2. The Erector shall determine, furnish and install all temporary supports, such as
temporary guys, beams, falsework, cribbing or other elements required for the
erection operation. These temporary supports shall be sufficient to secure the
bare structural steel framing or any portion thereof against loads that are likely
to be encountered during erection, including those due to wind and those that
result from erection operations.
3. Temporary supports that are required during or after the erection of the
structural steel frame for the support of loads caused by non-structural
elements, including cladding, interior partitions and other such elements that
will induce or transmit loads to the structural steel frame during or after
erection, shall be the responsibility of other trades.
4. All temporary supports that are required for the erection operation and
furnished and installed by the Erector shall remain the property of the Erector
and shall not be modified, moved or removed without the consent of the
Erector.
5. Temporary supports provided by the Erector shall remain in place until the
portion of the structural steel frame that they brace is complete and the lateral-
load-resisting system and connecting diaphragm elements are installed.
6. Temporary supports that are required to be left in place after the completion of
structural steel erection shall be removed when no longer needed by the
Contractor and returned to the Erector in good condition.
J. Safety Protection
1. The Erector shall provide floor coverings, handrails, walkways and other safety
protection for the Erector’s personnel as required by the law and applicable
safety regulations.
2. Unless specified on the Contract Drawings, the Erector is permitted to remove

safety protection from areas where the erection operations are completed.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
3. When safety protection provided by the Erector is left in an area for the use of
other trades after the structural steel erection activity is completed, the
Contractor shall:
a) Accept responsibility for and maintain such protection.
b) Indemnify the Fabricator and the Erector from damages that may be
incurred from the use by other affected trades.
c) Ensure that this protection complies with applicable safety regulations

when being used by other trades.
d) Remove this protection when it is no longer required and return it to the

Erector in the same condition as it was received.
4. Safety protection for other trades that are not under the direct employment of
the Erector shall be the responsibility of the Contractor.
5. When permanent steel decking is used for protective flooring and is installed
by the Contractor, all such work shall be scheduled and performed in a timely
manner so as not to interfere with or delay the work of the Fabricator or the
Erector. The sequence of installation that is used shall meet all safety
regulations.
6. Unless the interaction and safety activities of others, such as construction by

others or the storage of materials that belongs to others, are coordinated with
the work of the Erector by the Contractor, such activities shall not be permitted
until the erection of the structural steel frame or portion thereof is completed by
the Erector and accepted by the Contractor.
3.07 ERECTION TOLERANCES
A. The accumulation of the mill tolerances and fabrication tolerances shall not cause the
erection tolerances to be exceeded.
B. Erection tolerances shall be defined relative to member working points and working
lines, which shall be defined as follows:
1. For members other than horizontal members, the member work point shall be
the actual center of the member at each end of the shipping piece.
2. For horizontal members, the working point shall be the actual centerline of the
top flange or top surface at each end.
3. The member working line shall be the straight line that connects the member
working points.
4. The substitution of other working points is permitted for ease of reference,

provided they are based upon the above definitions.
C. The tolerances on position and alignment of member working points and working
lines shall be:

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
1. For an individual column shipping piece, the angular variation of the working
line from a plumb line shall be equal to or less than 1/500 of the distance
between working points, subject to the following additional limitations:
a) For an individual column shipping piece that is adjacent to an elevator

shaft, the displacement of member working points shall be equal to or
less than 25 mm from the established column line in the first 20 stories.
Above this level, an increase in the displacement of 1 mm is permitted
for each additional story up to a maximum displacement of 20 mm from
the established column line.
b) For an exterior individual column shipping piece, the displacement of

member working points from the established column line in the first
20 stories shall be equal to or less than 25 mm toward and 50 mm
away from the building line. Above this level, an increase in the
displacement of 2 mm is permitted for each additional story up to a
maximum displacement of 50 mm toward and 75 mm away from the
building line.
c) For an individual column shipping piece, the member working points at

any splice level for multi-tier buildings and at the tops of columns for
single-tier buildings shall fall within a horizontal envelope, parallel to the
building line, that is equal to or less than 38 mm wide for buildings up to
90000 mm in length. An increase in the width of this horizontal envelope
of 13 mm is permitted for each additional 30000 mm in length up to a
maximum width of 75 mm.
d) For an exterior column shipping piece, the displacement of member

working points from the established column line, parallel to the building
line, shall be equal to or less than 50 mm in the first 20 stories. Above
this level, an increase in the displacement of 2 mm is permitted for each
additional story up to a maximum displacement of 75 mm parallel to the
building line.
2. For members other than column shipping pieces, the following limitations shall
apply:
a) For a member that consists of an individual, straight shipping piece

without field splices, other than a cantilevered member, the variation in
alignment shall be acceptable if it is caused solely by variations in
column alignment and/or primary supporting member alignment that are
within the permissible variations for the fabrication and erection of such
members.
b) For a member that consists of an individual, straight shipping piece that

connects to a column, the variation in the distance from the member
working point to the upper finished splice line of the column shall be
equal to or less than + 5 mm and - 8 mm.
c) For a member that consists of an individual shipping piece that does not
connect to a column, the variation in elevation shall be acceptable if it is
caused solely by the variations in the elevations of the supporting
members within the permissible variations for the fabrication and
erection of those members.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
d) For a member that consists of an individual, straight shipping piece and

that is a segment of a field assembled unit containing field splices
between points of support, the plumbness, elevation and alignment shall
be acceptable if the angular variation of the working line from the plan
alignment is equal to or less than 1/500 of the distance between working
points.
e) For a cantilevered member that consists of an individual, straight

shipping piece, the plumbness, elevation and alignment shall be
acceptable if the angular variation of the working line from a straight line
that is extended in the plan direction from the working point at its
supported end is equal to or less than 1/500 of the distance from the
working point at the free end.
f) For a member of irregular shape, the plumbness, elevation and

alignment shall be acceptable if the fabricated member is within its
tolerances and the members that support it are within the tolerances
specified in this Specification.
3. For members that are identified as adjustable items:
a) When adjustable items are specified, the Contractor shall indicate the
total adjustability that is required for the proper alignment of these
supports for other trades. The variation in the position and alignment of
adjustable items shall be as follows:
1) The variation in the vertical distance from the upper finished splice
line of the nearest column to the support location specified in the
Structural Contract Drawings shall be equal to or less than
± 10 mm.
2) The variation in the horizontal distance from the established finish
line at the particular floor shall be equal to or less than ± 10 mm.
3) The variation in vertical and horizontal alignment at the abutting
ends of adjustable items shall be equal to or less than ± 5 mm.
4. In the design of steel structures, the Contractor shall provide for the necessary
clearances and adjustments for material furnished by other trades to
accommodate the mill tolerances, fabrication tolerances and erection
tolerances in this Specification for the structural steel frame.
3.08 ERECTION OF ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED STRUCTURAL STEEL
A. The Erector shall use special care in unloading, handling and erecting the structural
steel to avoid marking or distorting the structural steel. Care shall be taken to
minimize damage to any shop paint.
B. If temporary braces or erection clips are used, care shall be taken to avoid the
creation of unsightly surfaces upon removal.
C. Tack welds shall be ground smooth and holes shall be filled with weld metal or body
solder and smoothed by grinding or filing.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
D. The Erector shall plan and execute all operations in a manner that the close fit and
neat appearance of the structure will not be impaired.
E. Check members by transit for horizontal and vertical lines and variation from plane,
as the work progresses, to ensure erection of the completed members within the
required dimensions and tolerance limits.
F. Unless specified on the Contract Drawings, architecturally exposed structural steel

members and components shall be plumbed, leveled and aligned to a tolerance that
is one-half permitted for non-architecturally exposed structural steel members.
G. To accommodate these erection tolerances, connections between architecturally

exposed structural steel and non-architecturally exposed structural steel members,
masonry, concrete and other supports shall be specified as adjustable items, in order
to provide means for adjustment.
H. When architecturally exposed structural steel is backed with concrete, the Contractor
shall provide sufficient shores, ties and strongbacks to prevent sagging, bulging or
similar deformation of the architecturally exposed structural steel members due to the
weight and pressure of the wet concrete.
3.09 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. Prior to placing or applying any other materials, the Contractor shall determine that
the location of the structural steel is acceptable for plumbness, elevation and
alignment, by conducting an accurate survey.
B. The Erector shall be given either timely notice of acceptance by the Contractor, or a
listing of specific items that are to be corrected in order to obtain acceptance. Such
notice shall be rendered promptly upon completion of any part of the work and prior
to the start of work by other trades that may be supported, attached or applied to the
structural steel frame. Copy of such notice shall also be submitted to the Royal
Commission.
C. Should locations vary beyond the allowable tolerances, the necessary corrective
measures shall be submitted to the Royal Commission for approval.
3.10 FIELD MODIFICATIONS
A. The correction of minor misfits by moderate amounts of reaming, grinding, welding or

cutting, and the drawing of elements into line with drift pins, shall be considered to be
normal erection operations.
B. Errors that cannot be corrected using the foregoing means, or that require major
changes in member or connection configuration, shall be promptly reported to the
Royal Commission, to enable the responsible entity to either correct the error or
approve the most efficient and economical method of correction to be used.
C. Cuts, Alterations and Holes for Other Trades
1. Neither the Fabricator nor the Erector shall cut, drill or alter their work, nor the
work of other trades, to accommodate other trades, unless such work is

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
specified on the Contract Drawings.
3.11 FIELD PAINTING
A. Touch Up Painting
1. The Contractor shall be the responsible to paint bolt heads and nuts or field
welds, and to perform any other field painting.
2. Field touch up painting shall comply with the requirements of

SECTIONS 09910 and 09970.
B. Cleaning
1. After erection, the Erector shall clean exposed surfaces of field connections,
unpainted areas adjacent to field connections, and damaged areas in the shop
coat according to the same standards required for the shop coat, and paint
with the same primer used in the shop coat.
3.12 APPLICATION OF SPRAYED-ON FIREPROOFING
A. Inspection
1. Verify surfaces to receive fireproofing are clean and free of dust, soot, oil,
grease, water soluble materials or any foreign substance which would prevent
adhesion of the fireproofing material.
2. Verify hangers, inserts and clips are installed before the application of
fireproofing material.
3. Verify ductwork, piping, and other obstructing material and equipment is not
installed that will interfere with fireproofing installation.
4. Verify concrete work on steel decking and concrete encased steel is

completed.
5. Verify temperature and enclosure conditions are required by fireproofing

material manufacturer.
B. Application
1. Application shall not start until written approval has been obtained from
manufacturer of fireproofing materials that surfaces have been inspected by
the manufacturer or his representative, and are suitable to receive sprayed-on
fireproofing.
2. Application of fireproofing material shall be coordinated with other trades.
3. Mix and apply in accordance with manufacturer’s instruction.
a) Mechanically control material and water ratios.

SECTION 05120
STRUCTURAL STEEL
b) Apply adhesive and sealer, when not integral part of the materials, in
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
c) Apply to density and thickness indicated in UL Fire Resistance Directory

unless specified otherwise. Test in accordance with ASTM E119.
4. Application shall be completed in one area, inspected and approved by the

Royal Commission before removal of application equipment and proceeding
with further work.
C. Patching and Repair
1. Inspect after mechanical, electrical and other trades have completed work in
contact with fireproofing material, but before sprayed material is covered by
subsequent construction.
2. Perform corrective measures in accordance with fireproofing material

manufacturer’s recommendations.
a) Re-spray areas requiring additional fireproofing material to provide the

required thickness, and replace dislodged or removed material.
b) Spray material for patching by machine directly on point to be patched,

or into a container and then hand apply.
c) Hand mixing of material is not permitted.
3. Repair
a) Re-spray all test and rejected areas.
b) Patch fireproofing material which is removed or disturbed after approval.
4. Perform final inspection of sprayed areas after patching and repair.
3.13 CLEAN UP
A. Upon completion of work, the Contractor shall leave premises neat and clean, to the
satisfaction of the Royal Commission.
END OF SECTION

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SECTION 05120

Item No Title Page No

1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK .................................................................................. 1

1.02 SECTION INCLUDES .......................................................................................... 1

1.03 RELATED SECTIONS ......................................................................................... 1

1.07 QUALITY CONTROL ......................................................................................... 11

1.08 HEALTH AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS.................................................... 14

1.09 MOCK-UP PANEL OR COMPONENTS ............................................................ 15

1.10 DELIVERY, HANDLING AND STORAGE ......................................................... 15

PART 2 PRODUCTS ....................................................................................................... 17

2.01 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 17

2.02 MATERIAL ......................................................................................................... 17

2.03 UNIDENTIFIED STOCK MATERIAL ................................................................. 23

2.04 SUBSTITUTION AND PRODUCT REPLACEMENT ......................................... 24

2.05 ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED MATERIALS................................................. 24

PART 3 EXECUTION ...................................................................................................... 25

3.01 FABRICATION ................................................................................................... 25

3.02 FABRICATION TOLERANCES.......................................................................... 28

3.03 FABRICATION OF ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED STRUCTURAL STEEL. 30

3.04 CONNECTION ................................................................................................... 31

3.05 SHOP PAINTING ............................................................................................... 42

Rev 0 i Contract No:

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Contd.)

Item No Title Page No

3.07 ERECTION TOLERANCES ............................................................................... 48

3.08 ERECTION OF ARCHITECTURALLY EXPOSED STRUCTURAL STEEL....... 50

3.09 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL .............................................................................. 51

3.10 FIELD MODIFICATIONS ................................................................................... 51

3.11 FIELD PAINTING ............................................................................................... 52

3.12 APPLICATION OF SPRAYED-ON FIREPROOFING ........................................ 52

3.13 CLEAN UP ......................................................................................................... 53

Rev 0 ii Contract No:

1.01 DESCRIPTION OF WORK

A. This Section covers furnishing, fabrication and erection of structural steel,

1.02 SECTION INCLUDES

A. Structural Steel Fabrication and Erection

B. Architecturally Exposed Structural Steel

1.03 RELATED SECTIONS

A. Section 01320 Construction Progress Documentation

B. Section 01330 Submittal Procedures

C. Section 01410 Regulatory Requirements

D. Section 01450 Quality Control

E. Section 01650 Product Delivery Requirements

F. Section 01660 Product Storage and Handling Requirements

G. Section 03310 Structural Concrete

H. Section 05210 Steel Joists

I. Section 05310 Steel Deck

J. Section 05510 Metal Stairs and Ladders

K. Section 05520 Handrails and Railings

L. Section 05530 Gratings

M. Section 05540 Floor Plates

N. Section 05550 Stair Treads and Nosings

O. Section 05560 Metal Castings

P. Section 05580 Formed Metal Fabrications

Rev 0 1 of 53 Contract No:

Q. Section 05730 Ornamental Formed Metal

R. Section 09910 Paints

S. Section 09970 Coatings for Steel

C. SASO Saudi Arabian Standards Organization

1. SASO 39 Mechanical Testing of Welded Joints

2. SASO 107 Tensile Testing of Steel

3. SASO 200 Steel Wire Ropes for General Purposes

4. SASO 207-1 Bend Testing Method for Steel. Part 1: Steel