Sie sind auf Seite 1von 17

ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing.

Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 1
















ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE
ALCANTARILLAS TIPO CAJÓN
DE CONCRETO ARMADO
CON AASHTO 2014












Por: MSc. ING. ARTURO RODRÍGUEZ SERQUÉN
LQJBDUV#KRWPDLOFRP

ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 2
















3iJLQDHQEODQFR 




















ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 3

$/&$17$5,//$6
$/&$17$5,//$6

(IHFWXDUHOGLVHxRGHODDOFDQWDULOODPRVWUDGD(OSHVRGHOPDWHULDOGHUHOOHQRVREUH
ODDOFDQWDULOODHVNJPóiQJXORGHIULFFLyQLQWHUQD‘ ƒ


























&$5*$6
&$5*$6(1/$$/&$17$5,//$
/$$/&$17$5,//$ HQIDMDVGHPGHDQFKR 

 &DUJDPXHUWD '& 
&DUJDPXHUWD '& 

3HVRSURSLRGHORVDVXSHULRU
 Z P[P[NJPó NJP
 3ORVDVXS NJP[P NJ

3HVRSURSLRGHFDGDSDUHGODWHUDO
 3SDUHGODW P[P[P[NJPó NJ

3HVRSURSLRGHXQDFDUWHOD
 3FDUWHOD õ[P[P[P[NJPó NJ

3HVR SURSLR GH ORVD GH IRQGR 1R VH DSOLFD HQ UD]yQ GH VHU GLUHFWDPHQWH
VRSRUWDGDSRUHOWHUUHQR

&DUJDGLVWULEXLGDVREUHHOWHUUHQRSRUHOSHVRSURSLRGHODDOFDQWDULOOD
 
'&IRQGR  [[ NJP NJP


ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 4

 3UHVLyQ9HUWLFDOGHO7HUU
3UHVLyQ9HUWLFDOGHO7HUUHQR
HQR
HQR (9 
(9 

6H FDOFXOD SUHYLDPHQWH HO IDFWRU )H SDUD WHQHU HQ FXHQWD OD LQWHUDFFLyQ VXHOR
HVWUXFWXUD
ª+º
)H = + « » ≤    $$6+72/5)'\
¬%F ¼
 $$6+72/5)' 

ªP º
)H = + « =  <  
¬ P »¼
GRQGH
)H IDFWRUGHLQWHUDFFLyQVXHORHVWUXFWXUDSDUDHOHPHQWRVHQWHUUDGRV
+ SURIXQGLGDGGHOUHOOHQR P  P
%F DQFKRH[WHULRUGHODDOFDQWDULOOD P  P

3UHVLyQGHOWHUUHQRHQODSDUWHVXSHULRUGHODDOFDQWDULOOD

(9 = )H γ+    $$6+72/5)' 

(9 =  NJ  P  P =  NJ  P 
$VXPLHQGRTXHODORVDGHIRQGRHVUtJLGDFRPSDUDGDDODVXEEDVHODVUHDFFLRQHV
GHO VXHOR D ODV FDUJDV YHUWLFDOHV DSOLFDGDV D OD DOFDQWDULOOD VH FRQVLGHUDQ
XQLIRUPHPHQWHGLVWULEXLGDVHQHOIRQGRGHODORVD























 3UHVLyQKRUL]RQWDOGHOWHUUHQR (+   
3UHVLyQKRUL]RQWDOGHOWHUUHQR (+

(O FRHILFLHQWH GH HPSXMH ODWHUDO DFWLYR WHRUtD GH 5DQNLQH  SDUD XQ iQJXOR GH
IULFFLyQLQWHUQDGHOWHUUHQR‘ ƒHV
ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 5

φ
N D = WJ ° − =  


3UHVLyQODWHUDOGHOWHUUHQRHQODSDUWHVXSHULRUGHODDOFDQWDULOOD

(+ = N Dγ+ =  NJ  P  P = NJ  P 

3UHVLyQODWHUDOGHOWHUUHQRHQODSDUWHLQIHULRUGHODDOFDQWDULOOD

(+ = N Dγ+ =  NJ  P P = NJ  P 



















 6REUHFDUJDSRUFDUJDYLYD /6
6REUHFDUJDSRUFDUJDYLYD /6   
FDUJDYLYD /6

&DUJDODWHUDOHQODSDUWHVXSHULRUGHODDOFDQWDULOOD
'HOD7DEODSRULQWHUSRODFLyQSDUDXQDDOWXUDPHGLGDGHVGHODORVD
VXSHULRUKDVWDHOERUGHVXSHULRUGHOWHUUHQRGHPODDOWXUDHTXLYDOHQWHGH
WHUUHQRHV

KHT P

/XHJR /6VXS NDγW[KHT[P
 [NJPó[P[P
 NJP

&DUJDODWHUDOHQHOIRQGRGHODDOFDQWDULOOD
,QWHUSRODQGRSDUDXQDDOWXUDGHPODDOWXUDGHWHUUHQRHTXLYDOHQWHHV

  KIRQGR P

/XHJR /6IRQGR NDγW[KHT[P
 [NJPó[P[P
 NJP

ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 6























 &DUJDGH$JXD :$  $$6+72/5)' 
&DUJDGH$JXD :$ 

(QHVWHFDVRQHFHVLWDPRVFRQVLGHUDUGRVFDVRVGHFDUJDDOFDQWDULOODFROPDGD
GHDJXD\DOFDQWDULOODYDFtD
$O LQWHULRU GH OD DOFDQWDULOOD FXDQGR OD DOFDQWDULOOD HVWi FROPDGD HQ OD SDUWH
VXSHULRU OD SUHVLyQ GHO DJXD HVFHUR (Q HO IRQGR GH OD DOFDQWDULOOD OD SUHVLyQ
GHODJXD
:$ ɶK NJPó P  NJPò

/D]RQDGHOVXHORHQODSDUWHLQIHULRUGHODDOFDQWDULOODUHDFFLRQDFRQXQDSUHVLyQ
VHPHMDQWH



















ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 7

 &DUJD9LYD
&DUJD9LYD //,0
//,0
,0  $$6+72/5)' 

(OIDFWRUGHFDUJDGLQiPLFD ,0 SDUDHOFDVRGHHOHPHQWRVHQWHUUDGRVHV

,0 = [−  '( ] ≥   $$6+72/5)' 

,0 = [−   ] =  

6LHQGR'( PODSURIXQGLGDGGHOUHOOHQRVREUHODDOFDQWDULOOD

 &DUJDGHFDPLyQ+/
 &DUJDGHFDPLyQ+/ XQDYtDFDUJDGD 
 XQDYtDFDUJDGD 

(O $UW  $$6+72/5)' LQGLFD TXH VL OD SURIXQGLGDG GHO UHOOHQR HV
PHQRU TXH P OD VREUHFDUJD VH DQDOL]D FRQ DQFKRV GH IUDQMD HTXLYDOHQWH
 
(O$UW$$6+72/5)'HVWDEOHFHTXHVLODSURIXQGLGDGGHOUHOOHQRHV
PD\RU TXH P VH SXHGH FRQVLGHUDU TXH ODV FDUJDV GH ODV UXHGDV HVWiQ
XQLIRUPHPHQWHGLVWULEXLGDVHQXQiUHDUHFWDQJXODUFX\RVODGRVVRQLJXDOHVDOD
GLPHQVLyQ GHO iUHD GH FRQWDFWR GH ORV QHXPiWLFRV PiV  YHFHV OD
SURIXQGLGDG GHO UHOOHQR HQ HO FDVR GH UHOOHQRV JUDQXODUHV VHOHFFLRQDGRV R OD
SURIXQGLGDGGHOUHOOHQRHQWRGRVORVGHPiVFDVRV(OiUHDGHFRQWDFWRGHXQD
UXHGDVHDVXPHFRPRXQUHFWiQJXORVLPSOHGHDQFKRP\ORQJLWXGP
6LODViUHDVGHYDULDVUXHGDVVHVXSHUSRQHQODFDUJDWRWDOVHGHEHUiGLVWULEXLU
XQLIRUPHPHQWHHQHOiUHD3DUDODVDOFDQWDULOODVGHXQVRORWUDPRORVHIHFWRVGH
ODVREUHFDUJDVHSXHGHQGHVSUHFLDUVLODSURIXQGLGDGGHOUHOOHQRHVPD\RUTXH
P \ PD\RU TXH OD ORQJLWXG GHO WUDPR SDUD ODV DOFDQWDULOODV GH P~OWLSOHV
WUDPRV HVWRV HIHFWRV VH SXHGHQ GHVSUHFLDU VL OD SURIXQGLGDG GHO UHOOHQR HV
PD\RUTXHODGLVWDQFLDHQWUHODVFDUDVGHORVPXURVH[WUHPRV

(Q HVWH FDVR FRQ OD FRQVLGHUDFLyQ GHO IDFWRU GH SUHVHQFLD P~OWLSOH P 
7DEOD$$6+72/5)' VHWLHQH

3HMH P 7 
Z // = = =  NJ  P 
ÉUHD GH LQI OXHQFLD P[P

/DUHDFFLyQHQHOWHUUHQRVHUi
NJ  P [P
Z= =  NJ  P 
P













ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 8

 &DUJDGH7DQGHP XQDYtDFDUJDGD


&DUJDGH7DQGHP XQDYtDFDUJDGD 
7DQGHP XQDYtDFDUJDGD 

3HMH P 7 
Z // = = =NJ  P 
ÉUHD GH LQI OXHQFLD P[P



















 6REUHFDUJDGHYtD
6REUHFDUJDGHYtD
6REUHFDUJDGHYtD

(Q HVWH FDVR QR HV DSOLFDEOH /DV HVSHFLILFDFLRQHV $$6+72 VHxDODQ
  TXH SDUD ORVDV VXSHULRUHV GH DOFDQWDULOODV LQFOX\HQGR ORV SXHQWHV
WLSRORVDFRQWUDPRVSULQFLSDOHVHQODGLUHFFLyQORQJLWXGLQDOFXDQGRHOWUDPRQR
H[FHGHPVyORVHDSOLFDQODVFDUJDVGHHMHGHOFDPLyQRGHOWDQGHP

&RPR VH DSUHFLD OD FDUJD GH WDQGHP HV PD\RU TXH OD GHO FDPLyQ SRU OR TXH OD
XVDUHPRVDIHFWDGD GHOIDFWRUGHFDUJD GLQiPLFD ,0  SDUDHO GLVHxR SRU 5HVLVWHQFLD\
&DUJDGH6HUYLFLR



















ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 9

&20%,1$&,21(6'(&$5*$
&20%,1$&,21(6'(&$5*$

3DUD ORV HVWDGRV OtPLWHV GH 5HVLVWHQFLD \ 6HUYLFLR ORV FDVRV TXH VH PXHVWUDQ VRQ
FRQVLGHUDGRV(OFDVRGHIDWLJDQRQHFHVLWDVHULQYHVWLJDGRHQDOFDQWDULOODVWLSRFDMyQ
GHFRQFUHWRUHIRU]DGR  

/DVFRPELQDFLRQHVGHFDUJDSDUDHOHVWDGROtPLWHGH5HVLVWHQFLD,TXHVHKDQWRPDGR
HQFXHQWDVRQ FRQQ  

 8 >'&(9(+ //,0 /6 FDUJDVYHUWLFDOHV\
KRUL]RQWDOHVPi[LPDV 
 8 >'&(9(+/6@ FDUJDVYHUWLFDOHVPtQLPDVKRUL]RQWDOHV
Pi[LPDV 
D8 >'&(9(+ //,0 :$@   FDUJDVYHUWLFDOHV Pi[LPDV
KRUL]RQWDOHVPtQLPDVDOFDQWDULOODFRQDJXD 
E8 >'&(9(+ //,0 @ FDUJDVYHUWLFDOHVPi[LPDVKRUL]RQWDOHV
PtQLPDVDOFDQWDULOODVLQDJXD 

&RPELQDFLRQHVGHFDUJDSDUDHOHVWDGROtPLWHGH6HUYLFLR,

 8 '&(9(+ //,0 /6 FDUJDVYHUWLFDOHV\KRUL]RQWDOHVPi[LPDV 
 8 '&(9(+/6   FDUJDVYHUWLFDOHVPtQLPDVKRUL]RQWDOHVPi[LPDV 
D8 '&(9(+ //,0 :$ FDUJDVYHUWLFDOHVPi[LPDVKRUL]RQWDOHVPtQLPDVDOFDQWDULOOD
FRQDJXD 
E8 '&(9(+ //,0  FDUJDV YHUWLFDOHVPi[LPDVKRUL]RQWDOHV PtQLPDV DOFDQWDULOOD
VLQDJXD 


$1É/,6,6(6758&785$/'($/&$17$5,//$
$1É/,6,6(6758&785$/'($/&$17$5,//$
3DUDHODQiOLVLVHVWUXFWXUDOVHKDFRQVLGHUDGRTXHODORVDGHIRQGRGHODDOFDQWDULOODHV
UtJLGD FRQ UHVSHFWR DO VXHOR 'HEHUi VHJ~Q VHD HO FDVR DGRSWDUVH HVWD X RWUD
FRQVLGHUDFLyQDOUHVSHFWR
6H KD KHFKR XVR GHO SURJUDPD 6$3 \ FRQVLGHUDQGR ORV DFDUWHODPLHQWRV /RV
HVWDGRV GH FDUJD \ ORV UHVXOWDGRV H[SUHVDGRV HQ HQYROYHQWHV VH PXHVWUDQ D
FRQWLQXDFLyQ

(VWDGRVGHFDUJD

















ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 10





















































ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 11

5HVXOWDGRV'LDJUDPDVGH(QYROYHQWHV



















































ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 12





















































ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 13

&É/&8/2'(/$&(52
&É/&8/2'(/$&(52
&8/2'(/$&(52

/RVDVXSHULRUDFHURSRVLWLYR
/RVDVXSHULRUDFHURSRVLWLYR
DFHURSRVLWLYR
8WLOL]DQGR OD HQYROYHQWH GH PRPHQWRV SDUD HO HVWDGR OtPLWH GH 5HVLVWHQFLD , VH
WLHQHTXH  0X 7P

&RQ$V∅µ\UHFXEULPLHQWRU FP 7DEOD 


] =+ =  FP  G
P

G FP²FP FP ]

0X [
$V = FP
D D
I\ G [ -
 
$V[
D= = FP 
[[


/DVHSDUDFLyQVHUtD V = =  P HVGHFLUµ#P


$KRUDFRPRF Dβ FP FP

§G ·
‘ =  + ¨ W −¸ ≤    \)LJ& 
© F ¹
§FP ·
‘ =  + ¨ −¸ =  >  
© FP ¹
/XHJR‘ FRPRORVXSXHVWR

$VPi[LPR      $UW 
 /DVDFWXDOHVGLVSRVLFLRQHV$$6+72/5)'HOLPLQDQHVWHOtPLWH

$VPtQLPR       $UW 
6LHQGR XQD DOFDQWDULOOD YDFHDGD HQ HO OXJDU OD FDQWLGDG GH DFHUR SURSRUFLRQDGR
GHEHVHUFDSD]GHUHVLVWLUHOPHQRUYDORUGH0FU\0X

D 0FU IU6  NJFP FP  7P
6LHQGR
IU =  IF
NJ  FP =   =  NJ  FP 
6 EK    FP

E 0X  7P  7P

(O PHQRU YDORU HV  7P \ OD FDQWLGDG GH DFHUR FDOFXODGD FP 
UHVLVWH0X 7P!7P2.

3RU IOH[LyQ HV VDWLVIDFWRULD OD VHSDUDFLyQ GH FP VLQ HPEDUJR FRPR VH
GHPXHVWUDHQODUHYLVLyQGHILVXUDFLyQHVWDVHSDUDFLyQQRHVDGHFXDGD


ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 14

5HYLVLyQGHILVXUDFLyQSRUGLVWULEXFLyQGHDUPDGXUD $UW
5HYLVLyQGHILVXUDFLyQSRUGLVWULEXFLyQGHDUPDGXUD $UW 
VXUDFLyQSRUGLVWULEXFLyQGHDUPDGXUD $UW 

3DUDHODFHURSULQFLSDOSRVLWLYR

0RPHQWRDFWXDQWH
8VDQGRODVHFFLyQDJULHWDGDXQDIUDQMDGHPGHDQFKR\ODHQYROYHQWHSDUDHO
GLVHxRSRUHVWDGROtPLWHGH6HUYLFLR,VLHQGRQ 

0V =  NJ − P  P =  7 − P  P 
 FP
3DUDXQDQFKRWULEXWDULRGHP
‘#
 GF
0V  7PP  P  7P
 FP
8ELFDFLyQGHOHMHQHXWUR

(V ;NJFP      

( F =   IF
=   =  NJ  FP   

( ; NJ  FP
Q= V = = 
(F  NJ  FP
‘
G F UHFXE  


GF =  FP + FP 

GF FP
 FP
IF
 \  &
\


G  MG G\

\ FP
 
 7
 IVQ


‘#
$VW [FPò
 FPò


ÉUHDGHDFHURWUDQVIRUPDGD
$VW UHODFLyQPRGXODU[iUHDGHDFHUR  FP  FP

0RPHQWRVUHVSHFWRGHOHMHQHXWURSDUDGHWHUPLQDU\

\ \   \ 

\ FP



ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 15

(VIXHU]RGHODFHUREDMRFDUJDVGHVHUYLFLR

(OEUD]RMGHQWUHODVFDUJDVHV

\ FP
MG = G − = FP − =  FP 
 

/XHJRHOHVIXHU]RGHODFHURHV

0V ;
IVV = = =  NJ  FP ≤ )\ =  NJ  FP 
MG $ V  

6HSDUDFLyQPi[LPDGHODDUPDGXUD

  Ȗ H
V Pi[ G F  
ȕ V IVV
 
GF 
β V = + = + =  
 K − GF   − 
 
&RQ NH  FRQGLFLyQGHH[SRVLFLyQ&ODVH HQWDQWRODVDOFDQWDULOODVVRQVXE
HVWUXFWXUDVH[SXHVWDVDODJXD

  γ H  
VPi[ = − GF = −   = FP < FP  16
β V IVV  

/XHJR   86$5µ#P
µ#P


&+(48(2325&257( $UW 
&+(48(2325&257(

(Q/RVDVXSHULRU
(Q/RVDVXSHULRU

&RUWDQWHDFWXDQWH
&iOFXORGHOSHUDOWHHIHFWLYRSRUFRUWHGY
FP
+ $ V = ‘   D P = = FP  P 
P

$ V I\  
&RQ D = = = FP 
IF
E   

D
GY = G − ≤ K      $UW 

 ≤ G 


GY = − = FP ≤  FP = FP 

 ≤  FP = FP 
/XHJR GY = FP 
ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 16

$XQDGLVWDQFLDGYGHVGHODLQWHUVHFFLyQGHODORVDFRQODFDUWHOD
PPP PGHVGHHOHMHGHOPXUR HOFRUWDQWHFUtWLFRHV
&RPELQDFLyQD 
9X NJDVRFLDGRDXQPRPHQWRGH
0X NJP

&RUWDQWHUHVLVWHQWH
3DUD ORVDV GH DOFDQWDULOOD WLSR FDMyQ GHEDMR GH P D PiV GH UHOOHQR OD
UHVLVWHQFLDGHFRUWHVHSXHGHFDOFXODUFRPR

§ $ 9G ·
9F = ¨¨  IF
+  V X H ¸¸ EGH ≤  IF
EGH    
© EGH 0X ¹

3DUDDOFDQWDULOODVWLSRFDMyQGHXQDVRODFHOGD

9F ≥  IF
EGH       $UW 

9XGH
'RQGH ≤  
0X

/XHJRFRPR

9XGH [
= =  <  
0X 

§  ·
9F = ¨   + [ [ ¸ [ [ ≤   [[
©  [ ¹
9F = NJ < NJ        

7DPELpQFRPR

9F ≥     =  NJ 

9F =  NJ 

/XHJR9X ‘9F  NJ  NJ!NJ2.

5HYLVDUWDPELpQSRUFRUWHODORVDLQIHULRU\ODVSDUHGHVGHODDOFDQWDULOOD











ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE ALCANTARILLAS DE CONCRETO MSc.Ing. Arturo Rodríguez Serquén 17

&+(48(2325&$5*$$;,$/
&+(48(2325&$5*$$;,$/ $UW 
$5*$$;,$/

(QODVSDUHGHVGHODDOFDQWDULOOD

&DUJDD[LDODFWXDQWH
(QODVSDUHGHVGHODDOFDQWDULOODODFDUJDD[LDODFWXDQWHHV HQYROYHQWHGHFDUJDD[LDO 

3X NJ

&DUJDD[LDOUHVLVWHQWH
&XDQGRODFDUJDD[LDOPD\RUDGDHVPHQRUTXHHOGHODFDSDFLGDGHQFRPSUHVLyQ
QRPLQDOGHODVHFFLyQHOGLVHxRSRUIOH[LyQVHSXHGHUHDOL]DULJQRUDQGRORVHIHFWRV
GHFDUJDD[LDO

(Q QXHVWUR FDVR FRQ XQ IDFWRU GH UHVLVWHQFLD SRU FRPSUHVLyQ GH  $UW
$$6+72/5)' 

φIF
$ J =   NJ  FP FP[FP   

 =  NJ 

/XHJR 3X = NJ < φIF
$ J \VHSXHGHLJQRUDUORVHIHFWRVGHFDUJDD[LDO










Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen