Luminous Intensity Luminous Intensity

Planar symmetrical
Luminaire distribution is Asymmetrical
confined to two vertical
planes separately Asymmetry present in one of
the Planes of measurement.
Typical distribution for
Fluorescent Lamp
luminaires and Road
Lighting

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Distance Distance
Distance between a surface and the source affects the illuminance Light Source
(luminous flux per unit of area) striking that surface
Surface of a given area that is closer to the source captures a larger
D
portion of the flux in the cone than a surface of the same given area
i
that is further away E = I/ d2 s
Considering the luminous intensity as the luminous flux (lumens) t
Solid Angle w
leaving a source in a cone traveling in a specific direction, as the a
area increases the iluminance decreases while the luminous flux n
remains the same c
I e
Inverse Square Law states that the cross-sectional area of the cone
increases with the square of the distance from the source.
Therefore, the illuminance on this surface varies inversely with the
square of the distance from the source
Plane A P d

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Distance Orientation of the Surface

Inverse Square Law Surface orientation is included in the Inverse Square
Law by adding a cos θ term:
E = I/ d2

E = I/ d2 cos θ
Where:
E = Illuminance on the surface
θ is the angle between the light ray coming from the
I = Luminous intensity of the source in the direction
source to the point, and a line that is perpendicular
of the surface (normal) to the plane or surface on which the illuminance
is being measured or calculated
d = Distance from the source to the surface

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