Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Piperacillin + Antibiotics 4.5 mg/ 1 vial Inhibit bacterial cell Treatment Hypersensitivity Nausea & Obtain history of
Tazobactam IV wall synthesis for bacterial Kidney Failure Vomiting, hypersensitivity to
(Tazovex) Every 8 hours infection rash, antibiotics.
within the erthyma.
(08-30-2017) abdomen. Dyspepsia, Monitor patient carefully
Insomnia, during the 30 minutes after
headache, initiation of the infusion for
fever signs of hypersensitivity.
agitation,
pruritus. Instruct the patient to
report rash, itching, or
other signs of
hypersensitivity
immediately.

Advice the patient to

report loose stools or
diarrhea as these may
indicate
pseudomembranous colitis.
Name of drug Classification Dose/ Route Mechanism of action Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing Responsibilities
Metoclopramide Antiemetic 30mg, IV, every Suppress emesis by Prevention GI hemorrhage Restlessness, Obtain a history of present
(Plasil) 12 hours blocking the of nausea Hypersensitivity drowsiness, health problems. Patients
dopamine receptors and Epilepsy fatigue, with glaucoma should
(08-30-17) in the CTZ. vomiting Renal hypertension avoid taking of antiemetic
impairment , diarrhea, drugs.
Glaucoma increased
heart rate or Monitor BP before and
pulse rate after administer the drug.

Monitor vital signs for

pulse rate or heart rate.

Check bowel sounds and

date of last bowel
movement to identify
diarrhea.
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Flagyl Antibiotic and 500 mg/ 1vial Inhibits nucleic acid Treatment Hypersensitivity Stomach Perform action negative
(Metronidazole) antiprotozoal IV (intravenous) synthesis of anaerobic CNS disease pain, sensitivity test before
Every 6 hours infection Hepatic disease dizziness, administration of
(08-30-2017) loss of medication.
Prophylaxis balance, dry
of pre-op mouth or Watch carefully for edema
anaerobic unpleasant because it may cause
infection. metallic sodium retention.
taste, cough,
sneezing, Advice patient that
runny or metallic taste and dark red
stuffy nose, brown urine may occur.
sore tongue.
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Pantoprazole Proton Pump 40 mg/1 vial Inhibit gastric acid To prevent Hypersensitivity Nausea Obtain liver function test
(Axepron) Inhibitor (PPI) IV (intravenous) secretion or suppress acid Headaches and renal before
Every 12 hours gastric acid secretion secretions Bronchospasm Loss of administer it may reduce
(08-30-2017) by specific appetite dose.
inhabitation of the To relief Urticaria A metallic
hydrogen-potassium heartburn taste Report severe headache,
ATPase enzyme Hepatic Rarely a rash worsening of symptoms,
system at the Insufficiency Abdominal fever, chills, blurred vision
secretory surface of cramps and pre-orbital pain.
the gastric parietal Vomiting
cells, blocks the final Diarrhea Advise patient to avoid
step of acid Dry mouth fatty foods because it may
production. Dark-colored cause increase acid
urine secretion.
Metallic taste
in mouth
Weight loss
(anorexia)
Dizziness
Constipation
Furry tongue
Rash
Nasal
congestion
Flushing
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing Responsibilities

Lactulose Osmotic 300 cc / 50 cc Pull water into the Treatment Liver disorder Diarrhea Obtain a thorough history
(Lactugal) Laxatives Oral intestine, bringing of of elimination patterns.
Every 12 hours more water into the constipatio Ulcerative colitis Flatulence
(08-31-17) stool increases n and for Monitor frequency of
volume of stool and bowel Glaucoma Abdominal bowel movements and
make it softer. cleansing/ cramps bowel sounds.
preparatio Diabetes mellitus
n before Nausea & Monitor for possible drug
surgery. Hypermagnesemi Vomiting reaction: nausea,
a vomiting, abdominal
Abdominal cramps, belching, diarrhea
discomfort and distension.

Belching Monitor blood glucose

level of the patient.
Distension
Name of drug Classification Route/dosage Mechanism of action Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing responsibilities
Anticholinergic 0.5 mg IM Inhibits acetylcholine Preoperati Paralytic ileus Dry mouth, Monitor pulse rate
Atropine Sulfate drug by occupying the ve Dizziness, because increase pulse
(Atropair) muscarinic receptor; medication Pyloric stenosis Nausea, rate may occur.
decrease salivation to reduce Blurred
(09-01-17 and respiratory salivation Hypersensitivity vision, Monitor I & O, especially
secretions and Tachycardia, in older adults and
respiratory Obstructive GI urinary patients who had surgery
secretion disorders retention, (drug may contribute to
dry skin, dry urinary retention). Patient
Tachycardia mouth, should be void first before
constipation giving atropine sulfate.
Myocardial
ischemia Instruct the patient to
urinate before taking the
Heart failure atropine sulfate. Urinary
retention can be a
Renal or hepatic problem.
disorder
Secure safety of the
patient.
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Diphenyhydramine Local 50 mg IM Blocks the effects of People Hypersensitivity Dryness of Warn patient to avoid
(Benadryl) anesthetic Parental histamine by allergic to mouth, nose performing other dangerous
agent competing for and common Stenosis peptic and throat activities if drowsiness
(09-01-17) occupying H1 receptor local ulcer occurs or until stabilized on
Sedative sites. anesthetics Sedation drug.
hypnotic such as Symptomatic
lidocaine, prostatic Sleepiness Monitor vital signs for sign
Antiemetic hypertrophy of hypotension.
Treatment Headache
of nausea & Bladder and neck Inform patient that he is
vomiting obstruction Hypotension more sensitive to effects of
and drugs. Nervousness and
reducing Severe liver Tachycardia irritability are more likely to
irritability or disease occur.
excitement. Sleepiness,
Lower Secure safety.
Sleep aid respiratory Poor
disease coordination

Upset
stomach.
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Zofran Antiemetic 8 mg Suppress nausea and Preventing Hypersensitivity headache Obtain a history of present
(Ondansentron) and selective IV vomiting by blocking nausea and constipation health problems. Patients
5-HT3 Every 12 hours the serotonin vomiting Hypotension weakness with glaucoma should avoid
(09-01-17) receptor receptors in the CTZ before and tiredness antiemetic dugs.
antagonist and the afferent vagal after Hepatic disorder chills
nerve terminals in the surgery. drowsiness, Monitor vital signs regularly
upper GI tract. Glaucoma hypotension, to identify hypotension.
anxiety, Zofran is risk of hypotension
urinary and tachycardia.
retention,
bradycardia, Monitor I& O because
dehydration Zofran it may cause urine
retention.

It may cause drowsiness and

dizziness. Advice patient do
not perform activities that
require mental alertness
until drug effects realized.

Encourage patient to
increase fluid intake to
prevent dehydration.

Secure safety.
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Tramadol HCl Analgesic 100 mg IV To act on the opioid To control Hypersensitivity agitation, Assess type, location, and
(Ultram) Every 8 hours receptors to produce pain and to nervousness, intensity of pain before and
opioid pain relief. relieve the Intoxicated with anxiety, 2-3 hr (peak) after
(09-01-17) pain. hypnotics seizures administration.
It acts on the opioid (convulsions)
receptors, blocking Liver and kidney , Assess BP & RR before and
the neuron from failure skin rash, periodically during
communicating pain dizziness, administration.
to the brain. spinning
sensation, Assess bowel function
Acts to block the hallucination routinely because tramadol
painful sensation from s, it may cause constipation.
reaching the brain. fever, Prevention of constipation
fast heart should be instituted with
rate, increased intake of fluids
overactive and bulk and with laxatives
reflexes, to minimize constipating
nausea, effects.
vomiting,
upset Monitor patient at risk for
stomach, seizures.
diarrhea,
constipation,
loss of
coordination,
headache,
drowsiness,
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Paracetamol Anti-pyretic 300 mg IV Inhibition of Relief of Hypersensitivity Nausea, Obtain a medical history of
(Acetaminophen) and Analgesic PRN prostaglandin mild to Vomiting, liver dysfunction.
synthesis, which moderate Alcoholism Constipation, Overdosing or extremely
(09-01-17) decrease pain pain and hypokalemia, high doses of
sensation. treatment Severe hepatic or agitation, acetaminophen can cause
of fever. renal disease anxious, hepatotoxicity.
allergic
Liver dysfunction reaction Reassess patient’s level of
including pain at least 15 and 30
rash, itching minutes.

Encourage patient to report

side effects. Overdosing can
cause severe liver damage
and death.

Monitor patient
temperature every 15 to 30
minutes.
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Butamirate citrate Antitussive; 1 tbsp TID Act on the cough- Symptomatic Hypersensitivity Rarely Administer the drugs with
(Sinecod Forte) cough control center in the treatment of dizziness, food to prevent GI upset.
suppressant medulla to suppress cough. nausea,
(09-02-17) the cough reflex. diarrhea& Assess cough type and
skin rash, frequency.
insomnia
Instruct patient to cough
effectively, sit upright and
take several deep breaths
before attempting.

Since the drug may cause

dizziness or drowsiness,
caution patient to avoid
activities requiring alertness
until response to medication
is known.

Monitor the vital sign’s.,

especially RR.

Assess the sleep pattern

because it may cause
insomnia.
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

K-lyte (Potassium Electrolytes 1 tab/TID x 9 Transmits and Prevention of Hyperchloraemia Upset Tablets and capsules should
Chloride) doses conducts nerve hypokalemia, stomach, be taken with a meal and
impulses; contracts nausea and Severe renal nausea, full glass of water. Do not
(09-05-17) skeletal, smooth, and vomiting insufficiency vomiting, chew or crush enteric-
cardiac muscles confusion, coated or extended-release
Hypersensitivity restlessness, tablets or capsules.
weakness
Concomitant use Administer with meals to
with Potassium decrease GI irritation.
sparing diuretics
(eg. Advise patient regarding
Spironolactone, sources of dietary
triamterene) potassium. Encourage
compliance with
Acidosis recommended diet.

Addison’s Assess serum potassium

Disease level to identify if
hyperkalemia or
Severe hypokalemia occur.
dehydration
Name of drug Classification Route/ dosage Mechanism of action Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing responsibilities
Nalbuphine Anaesthetics/ 10mg IM Inhibition of pain For the relief Hypersensitivity Dizziness, Monitor vital sign’s because
(Nubain) opioid impulses transmitted of moderate nausea, hypotension can occur.
agonist- in the CNS by binding to severe Severe bronchial vomiting,
(08-31-2017) antagonists with opiate receptor pain and asthma headache, Reassess patient’s level of
analgesic and increasing pain preoperative dry mouth pain at least 15 to 30
(09-01-2017) threshold. analgesia and Head injury drowsiness, minutes after
sedation. sedation, administration.
Renal or hepatic bitter taste,
To balance syndrome dry mouth, Monitor respiratory status
anesthesia respiratory because it may cause
Myocardial depression, respiratory depression.
infarction constipation
Check bowel sound and date
Cancer pain of last bowel movement to
identify constipation.

Secure safety.
 Name of Drug Classification Route/ Dosage Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Pantoprazole Antacids, Anti- 40 mg/ 1 tab Inhibit gastric acid That Hypersensitivity Diarrhea Instruct patient to take
(Pantoloc) reflux Agent Orally secretion or suppress decreases Dizziness exactly as prescribed and at
BID gastric acid secretion. the amount Renal Headache about the same time every
(09-05-17) Proton pump of acid Impairment Itching day.
inhibitor (PPI) produced in Nausea
the stomach Hepatic failure Advise patient that drug can
and to be taken without regards to
prevent acid meals
secretion.
Advice patient to swallow
tablet whole and not to
crush, split or chew it.
 HOME MEDS
Name of Drug Classification Dosage/ Route Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing Responsibilities

Metformin Anti-diabetic 500 mg/ 1 tab. Acts by decreasing To control Hepatic or renal Dizziness, Monitor blood glucose
(I-MAX) agent OD hepatic production of hyperglycemi dysfunction fatigue, levels.
Orally glucose from stored a in type 2 headache,
glycogen and reduce diabetes Hypersensitivity agitation, Administer drug with food
glucose absorption mellitus bitter or to minimize gastric upset.
from intestine Alcoholism metallic
taste, Obtain history of
Cardiopulmonary anorexia, hypersensitivity to
insufficiency nausea, metformin.
vomiting,
diarrhea, Monitor vital signs of the
weight loss patient. Metformin it may
increase pulse rate.

Advice patient to swallow

tablet whole and not to
crush, split or chew it.

Advice patient taking oral

antidiabetic to eat
prescribed diet on schedule.
Delaying or missing a meal
can cause hypoglycaemia
 Name of Drug Classification Dosage/ Route Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing Responsibilities

Lanzoprazole Proton Pump 30 mg./ 1 Inhibit gastric acid To prevent Hypersensitivity dizziness, Administer the drug 30
(HIZA) Inhibitors capsule secretion or suppress acid fast or minutes before meals.
(PPI’s) OD gastric acid secretion. secretions Vitamin B12 irregular
Orally and gastric deficiency heart rate, Advise patient to avoid fatty
irritation diarrhea, foods because it may cause
Hepatic disease muscle increase acid secretion.
cramps,
Diarrhea muscle Teach patient to observe for
weakness, sign and symptoms of GI
Gastric cancer Abdominal or bleeding; black tarry stools,
stomach pain coffee-ground vomitus.
Hypomagnesemi increased or
a decreased
appetite
joint pain,
nausea,
vomiting, GI
bleeding
 Name of Drug Classification Dosage/ Route Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing Responsibilities

Cefuroxime Antibiotic 500 mg/ 1 tab It inhibits synthesis of Treatment Hypersensitivity Diarrhea,mus Administer drugs with meal
(Ceftin) Orally bacterial cell wall. for bacterial cle cramps, to decrease GI upset and
infection Hepatic or Renal nausea, enhance of absorption.
within the impairment vomiting,
abdomen. GI upset, Obtain history of
Headache, hypersensitivity to
drowsiness, cefuroxime.
abdominal
pain Obtain specimen for culture
and sensitivity tests before
giving first dose.

Instruct the patient to

report rash, itching, or other
signs of hypersensitivity
immediately. Discontinue if
hypersensitivity reaction
occur.
 Name of Drug Classification Dosage/ Route Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindication Side effects Nursing Responsibilities

Etoricoxib Non-steroidal 90 mg/ 1 tab Inhibits COX-2 to Relief of mild Peptic ulcer Insomnia or Obtain history of
(Arcoxia) Inflammatory BID reduce pain and to moderate increasedanx hypersensitivity to Arcoxia.
drugs Orally suppress pain Bronchospasm iety
(NSAID’s) inflammation Monitor blood
Acute rhinitis Severe pressureregularly while
increase in taking this medication.
Urticaria blood
pressure Take medication with aglass
Hepatic of water to
dysfunction Confusion, avoiddehydration.
Hallucination
Hypertension s Administer drugs with meal
to decrease GI upset and
Decreased enhance of absorption.
Platelets
Inform the patient to avoid
Atrial alcohol when taking Arcoxia
Fibrillation or GI upset or gastric ulcer may
abnormal result.
rhythm of
the heart

Heart failure

Stomach pain
warning

Peripheral
Edema
 Assessment Nursing Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis
Subjective: Acute pain After 3 hours of Independent: A. Assessment of pain After 3 hours of
“Masakit po yung related to nursing a. Assess pain characteristics: experience is the first nursing intervention, the
tahi ko” as surgical intervention, the • Quality (e.g., burning, step in planning pain patient felt comfortable and
verbalized by the incision pt. will be sharp, shooting) management strategies. the pain was reduced into 4
patient. evidenced relieved or The most reliable source out of 10.
• Severity (scale of 0 or no
Objectives: by controlled of information about the (-) facial grimace
pain to 10 or most severe
- Pain scale of discomfort evidence by pain is the patient. (-) guarding behavior
6 out of 10. with a decrease pain pain) Descriptive scales such as
- Facial pain scale from 6 to 4. • Location (anatomical a visual analogue can be
grimace of 6/10. description) utilized to distinguish the
- Guarding • Onset (gradual or sudden) degree of pain.
behavior to • Duration (how long; B. Low fowler’s position
avoid pain. intermittent or reduces intra abdominal
- Discomfort continuous) pressure.
C. Promotes rest, redirects
b. Positioning of the patient into attention, may enhance
coping and to reduce
low fowler.
tension.
c. Encouraged use of relaxation
D. Cool surrounding said in
technique such as deep breathing minimizing dermal is
exercise. comfort.
d. Control environmental e. To distract attention and
temperature. to relax and provide
e. Encourage diversional activities comfort to the pt.
such as watching TV, socialization Dependent:
with others. a. To control pain and to relieve
Dependent: the pain.
a. Administered Tramadol 100 mg
IV every 8 hours as ordered.
 Assessment Nursing Planning Intervention Rationale evaluation
diagnosis
S: Impaired After 4 hours a. Established rapport. a. To gain trust and After 4 hours of nursing
O: the patient may physical of nursing b. Check for functional level of confidence of the patient interventions, the patient
manifest mobility interventions mobility. b. Understanding the demonstrated activities
- Limited range of related to , the patient c. Monitor and record vital signs particular level, guides such as sitting, walking and
motion (Motor: pain as will d. Assess degree of pain by the design of best performing hygiene with the
5/6) evidenced demonstrate listening to patient description possible management pain scale of 4.
- Inability to by activities of pain during movement plan. (-) facial grimace
perform simple discomfor such as e. Determine degree of c. Provide a baseline data (-) discomfort
activities such as t sitting, immobility of the patient. (-) guarding behavior
changing of walking and f. Encourage verbalization of d. To determine patient's
gown, hygiene performing feelings and thoughts description of pain felt.
- Uncoordinated hygiene. g. Assist patient to reposition e. To identify individual
movements And the self on a more comfortable therapeutic treatment.
resulting from patient’s pain position. appropriate to the client
slow activities scale h. Provide rest periods in based on his level of
performed decreases between while performing immobility.
- Verbalization of from 6 to 4 therapeutic treatment f. To assess patients
difficulty in regimen. understanding of disease
moving and i. Discuss discrepancies in condition.
performing movement when patient is g. Assist patient to
simple activities aware and aware of reposition self on a more
- PS: 6/10 being observation and methods in comfortable position.
perceived by the dealing with immobility due to h. To prevent fatigue and
patient during pain felt. conservation of energy.
movement j. Encouraged patient to do i. To motivate patient in
- Discomfort deep breathing exercise. practicing the provided
- Facial grimace treatment regimen.
- Guarding To distract attention and
behavior reduced tension.
 Assessment Nursing Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation
diagnosis
S:O Risk for After 2 hours a. Establish rapport. a. To gain patient’s trust and After 2 hours of nursing
Patient may infection of nursing b. Monitor and record vital signs. cooperation. intervention, the patient
manifest: related to interventions, Note any sign of symptoms of b. To have baseline data on remains free of infection, as
- (+) incision invasive the patient will infections. the treatment process. evidenced by and absence
c. An increasing WBC count
- (+) stomata procedure be able to c. Monitor white blood cell (WBC) of signs and symptoms of
indicates the body’s efforts
- Redness verbalize count to combat pathogens.
infection.
- Swelling understanding d. Check the appearance of urine. d. Cloudy, turbid, foul-smelling
- (+) IV sites of different e. Maintain or teach asepsis for urine with visible sediment
- (+) Urinary intervention to dressing changes and wound is indicative of urinary tract
catheter reduce the risk care, peripheral IV and central or bladder infection.
- WBC: 17 for infection venous management, and e. Aseptic technique
- Segment: 85 and patient will catheter care and handling. decreases the changes of
remains free of f. Encourage fluid intake of 2,000 transmitting or spreading
infection, as to 3,000 mL of water per day, pathogens to the patient.
Interrupting the
evidenced by unless contraindicated.
transmission of infection
absence of g. Teach the patient, family, the along the chain of infection
signs and purpose and proper technique is an effective way to
symptoms of for maintaining isolation. prevent infection.
infection. h. Administered antibiotic as f. Fluids promote diluted
prescribed. urine and frequent
emptying of bladder –
reducing the stasis of urine,
in turn, reduces risk for
bladder infection or urinary
tract infection.
g. Knowledge about isolation
can help patients and family
members cooperate with
specific precautions.