Hyperspectral Imagery

The way electromagnetic wave reflected on a material is depend on its atomic configuration (mineral composition), which
manifested by its color. This phenomenon can simply be described similarly with the reason why apple is red. Apple’s surface
is naturally consisting material that reflects more electromagnetic wave in red color frequency range than other light bands Commented [EK1]: Cited from Shaw and Bruke 2003
(Shaw & Burke, 2003). Same phenomenon applies similarly to non-visible lights, such as infrared and ultraviolet, in other
words different material reflects infrared lights differently (Figure 1). Shaw, G. A., & Burke, H. K. (2003). Spectral imaging for
remote sensing.
Spectral satellite imagery (i.e. Landsat-7) is an imaging technology that captured various intensity of lights from several
discontinuous frequency bands which commonly consist of visible lights, infrareds bands, and sometimes ultraviol et bands
(Irons, Taylor, & Rocchio, 2018). Hyperspectral imagery is a more extended type of spectral imagery, instead of have several
spectral bands, it consists of hundreds of narrow continuous bands ranging from visible light to in frared. Due to this high Commented [EK2]: Cited from
spectral resolution, this technology has been adopted in many discipline, mainly agriculture, geology, mineral exploration, and https://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/landsat-7/
biology.

Figure 1 General information of Hyperspectral imagery (Hyperion EO-1) in comparison with Spectral imagery (Landsat-7)

Application in Geology
Application of hyperspectral imagery in Geology has mainly focused in mineral identification in mineral exploration (Kruse, Commented [EK3]: Mentioned in Kruse 2003
Boardman, & Huntington, 2003) . It has been known that every mineral has its spectral characteristic, thus it is possible to
identify mineral distribution using hyperspectral imaging (Figure 2).

Figure 2 Utilization of Hyperspectral Imagery in Geology (Kruse et al., 2003) Commented [EK4]: Image from Kruse 2003

Other than its economic importance, geologist may use mineral distribution information to reveal geologist process occurred Kruse, F. A., Boardman, J. W., & Huntington, J. F. (2003).
in area of interest. Favorability of geologist using hyperspectral imagery are: Comparison of airborne hyperspectral data and EO-1
Hyperion for mineral mapping.
1. High spectral resolution, leads to possibility of mineral identification
2. Higher lateral resolution compared to point data sampling 1
3. Cover much bigger scale than point data sampling 1
4. Can be used as co-relate tools to distribute geological models
5. Much more safe and cheap operation
6. Faster and replicability of the operation
Irons, J. R., Taylor, M. P., & Rocchio, L. (2018). Landsat 7.

Kruse, F. A., Boardman, J. W., & Huntington, J. F. (2003). Comparison of airborne hyperspectral data and EO-1 Hyperion for
mineral mapping. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 41(6 PART I), 1388–1400.
https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2003.812908

Shaw, G., & Burke, H. (2003). Spectral Imaging for Remote sensing. Lincoln Laboratory Journal, 14(1), 3–28.
https://doi.org/10.1109/6.367967