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Normally three methods are used for the manufacturing of formaldehyde from natural
gas
1) Oxidation in gaseous phase by passing mixture of gas and air over catalyst.
types of catalyst e.g. copper, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, gold and silver are
The silver catalyst processes for converting methanol to formaldehyde are generally
carried out at an atmospheric pressure and at 600 – 720°C .The reaction temperature
mixture must lie outside the explosive limits. The amount of air used is also determined
by the catalytic quality of the silver surface. The following reactions take place:
CH3OH → HCHO + H2
Metal Oxide Process
are:
The reactions occur over a mixed oxide catalyst containing molybdenum oxide
and iron oxide in a ratio 1.5 to 3.The reaction is carried out at 250 –350°C and
have been effected by the use of special catalysts and better methods of control.