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Abstracts
5 PORTUGUESE FOOTBALL PLAYERS – WHY SO MUCH
TALENT?
1,2
H Sarmento, 3A Pereira, 4MT Anguera, 2D Araújo. 1CIDAF, Faculty of Sport Sciences and
Physical Education (CIDAF), University of Coimbra; 2CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade
Humana, Laboratory of expertise in Sports, Universidade de Lisboa; 3Politecnhic Institute of
Viseu (CIandDETS); 4Department of Methodology of Behavioural Sciences, University of
Barcelona
10.1136/bjsports-2017-098966.9
Predicting performance potential at an early age is a difficult
process, since the determinants for success in top level football
are non-linear and multidimensional. However, frequently some
of the most world talented football players were born in specific
countries like Brazil, Argentina, Spain or Portugal (e.g., Eusébio,
Figo, Cristiano Ronaldo). One of the most talented generations
of players in Portugal (so called Gold Generation) won two
under-20 world championships: 1989 (Riyadh) and 1991 (Lis-
bon). Under the leadership of coach Carlos Queiroz, players like
Figo, Rui Costa, Paulo Sousa and Fernando Couto became world
champions. The purpose of this study was to compare training
and practice, and psychosocial constraints of biographical histor-
ies of these two groups of athletes that had similar success dur-
ing youth, but contrasting levels of success in adulthood. The
participants were 31 (of 34) football world champions and 2
coaches (Carlos Queiroz and Nelo Vingada). Semi-structured
interviews (Creswell, 2006) were carried out and data were ana-
lysed through the technique of content analysis. The software
QSR NVivo 10 was used in coding the transcripts of the inter-
views. Mann-Whitney U tests and Friedman test were used to
compare elite (players that represent the main national team at
adult age) and sub-elite (players that never represent the main
national team at adult age) groups. Similar pattern were found
concerning the: 1) psychosocial influences: parental support and
pressure, sibling influence, coach support, sport and school peers
influence) and training/competition patterns (number of interna-
tionalizations, minutes played in international competitions,
goals scored, yellow and red card, number of hours of specific
practice) between the two groups (elite vs Sub-elite) until the age
of under-20. Qualitative analysis reveals some important differ-
ences between the two groups at the adult age, concerning the:
1. transition from junior to senior;
2. relationship with coaches;
3. opportunities (or lack of);
4. career decisions; and
5. injuries.
These differences discriminate the level of performance
achieved by each of these athletes.
6 THE COGNITIVE AND PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF
PRE-COMPETITION RAPID WEIGHT LOSS AND GAIN IN
MIXED MARTIAL ARTS ATHLETES
J Soolaman, M Gaetz, J Brandenburg. Kinesiology Department, University of the Fraser
Valley, Chilliwack, Canada
10.1136/bjsports-2017-098966.10
This study examined the acute physiological and cognitive effects
of pre-competition rapid weight loss and gain (weight cutting) on
mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes. 60 (8 female; 52 male)
licensed amateur and professional MMA athletes participated in
A4
the study. Measurements were collected at three time points prior
to a competition: 10–14 days (Time-1; n=50), 24 hours (Time-2;
n=40) and 1–3 hours (Time-3; n=26). Measurements included
body mass (kg), King-Devick Test (KD), Sit-to-Stand Heart Rate
Test (SSHR), Vertical Jump Test (VJ), grip strength (kg) and urine
specific gravity (USG) (mmol). Also, relative change [((Time-1 –
Time-2)/Time-1) × 100] in both body mass and USG were com-
pared to other dependent variables. The following variables [mean
(SD)] at Time-2 were different from Time-1 before returning to
near baseline at Time-3: body mass [74.44 (13.11) vs 70.77
(12.26) vs 74.07 (13.33) kg; F (1,1.24)=50.72, p=0.00], left grip
strength [111 (27) vs 98 (25) vs 108 (27) kg; F (1,2)=23.38,
p=0.00], right grip strength [112 (25) vs 100 (23) vs 110 (24) kg;
F (1,2)=17.91, p=0.00], USG [1.008 (0.003) vs 1.032 (0.004) vs
1.007 (1.003) mmol; F (1,2)=299, p=0.00] and KD sum time
(KDst) adjusted for errors [41.39 (4.78) vs 42.44 (5.92) vs 38.58
(4.58) s; F (1,1.41)=8, p=0.00]. Relative change in USG was sig-
nificantly correlated with relative change in body mass [rs (30)
= 0.405; p=0.03]; and left leg VJ force at Time-2 [rs (18)
= 0.71; p=0.00] and Time-3 [rs (11)= 0.64; p=0.04]. Relative
change in body mass was significantly correlated with KDst at
Time-2 [rs (30)= 0.57; p=0.00] and Time-3 [rs (21)= 0.49;
p=0.00]; and SSHR maximum at Time-2 [rs (30)=0.41; p=0.03]
and Time-3 [rs (21)=0.49; p=0.03]. Findings indicate that a sig-
nificant amount of weight loss while weight cutting was due to
fluid loss that was sufficient at Time-2 to impair upper body
strength, lower body power, SSHR response and cognitive func-
tion (higher KDst and errors). In athletes who experienced the
most Time-2 fluid loss, the return of body mass and USG to near
baseline levels at Time-3 did not fully reverse the effects on SSHR,
lower body power and some cognitive functions (KDst). It was
concluded that weight cutting causes a substantial disruption to
physiology that may impact health and performance.
Day 2 Poster presentations
7 EFFECT OF PRE-EXERCISE SUCRALOSE INGESTION ON
EXOGENOUS GLUCOSE OXIDATION DURING EXERCISE
1
GH Evans, 2E Hughes, 2S Paulson, 2E Sheader, 2T Pocock. 1School of Healthcare Science,
Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester; 2School of Medical Sciences, University of
Manchester, Manchester
10.1136/bjsports-2017-098966.11
The rate-limiting step to the oxidation of ingested carbohy-
drate is the rate at which it is absorbed from the intestine.
Glucose is absorbed via SGLT-1 transporters with the rate of
absorption determined by the number of transporters present.
Animal studies have indicated that the number of transporters
can be increased when dietary carbohydrate intake is increased
and when the intestine is exposed to artificial sweeteners.
Human studies have not observed any effect of this strategy
on carbohydrate oxidation during relatively low intensity exer-
cise. In this study, 10 healthy male and female participants
(22±1 y; 69±12 kg; 176±10 cm) undertook two experimental
trials involving 90 min of cycle exercise at an intensity of
70% heart rate reserve. In the two hours prior to exercise,
participants ingested 400 mL of water (W) or 400 mL of
water containing 159 mg of sucralose (S) in equal aliquots
every 15 min. 500 mL of a commercially available sports
drink, containing 75 mg of 13C glucose, was ingested before
Br J Sports Med 2017;51(Suppl 2):A1–A9
 Downloaded from http://bjsm.bmj.com/ on January 2, 2018 - Published by group.bmj.com

6 The cognitive and physical effects of

pre-competition rapid weight loss and gain in
mixed martial arts athletes
J Soolaman, M Gaetz and J Brandenburg

Br J Sports Med 2017 51: A4

doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098966.10

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