Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
CYBERNETICS LEARNING
Arranged by
Firdawati Thalib
NIM 411416009
Praise and thanksgiving to the presence of God Almighty, for the blessing and inclusion
of Him so that the Making of this paper can be completed properly and just in time, with the title
Cybernetics Learning. This paper was written to fulfill the task of the course of Development of
Learners that diampu by Mr. Prof. Dr. Hamzah B. Uno, M.Pd.
This paper consists of three chapters. Chapter I is the introduction, the sub-section
consists of the background of the problem, the formulation of the problem and the purpose of
writing, then the second chapter of the discussion, sub-section consists of literature review, and
discussion, last chapter III cover, sub-part consists of conclusions.
Author
CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY
1.1 Background
Cybernetic learning theory is a relatively new learning theory compared to the existing
learning theories, such as behavioristic learning theory, constructivist, humanistic, and
cognitive learning theory. It is as if this theory has in common with cognitive theory that is
concerned with the learning process rather than the learning outcomes. Learning process is
important in the theory of cybernetics, but more importantly is the processed information
system that will be studied students. How the learning process will take place, is largely
determined by the information system being studied.
Cybernetics is a form of the word absorption of the word 'Cybernetic' ie the control and
communication system that allows feedback or feedback. The word 'cybernetic' which we
then write with the word sibernetik comes from the Greek word meaning controller or pilot.
This field becomes a communication discipline that deals with controlling computer
machines. The term was first used by Louis Couffignal in 1958. Today the term cybernetics
evolves into everything related to the internet, artificial intelligence and computer networks.
The term 'cybernetics' was first popularized by Nobert Wiener, a scientist from the
Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT), to describe artificial intelligence. The term
cybernetics is used to describe the way in which feedback (feedback) allows the ongoing
process of communication. 20 In line with this understanding, M.R. Abror defines:
"Cybernetics is a science that questions the principle of control and communication
applied in the functioning of multiple organisms or machines, in this case often synonymous
with feedback".
This theory develops in line with the development of technology and information science.
According to the theory of cybernetics, learning is the processing of information. Another
assumption of cybernetic theory is that there is no single learning process ideal for any
situation, and that is suitable for all students. Because the way of learning is determined by
the information system (delivery of material). An information may be learned by a student
with a single learning process, and the same information may be learned by other students
through different learning processes.
Implementation of cybernetic theory in learning activities has been developed by several
figures, among them are information-oriented approaches developed by Robert Gagne, Gage
and Berliner, Biehler, Snowman, Baine, and Tennyson. Landa's conception in his approach
model called algorithmic and heuristic, Pask and Scott with wholesome or wholist type
distributions and serial or serialist types, or other information-oriented approaches also
includes the theory of cybernetics. Each will be briefly described in the next discussion.
1.3 Purpose
Objectives to be achieved in making this paper are:
1. Explains The Definition of Sibernetic Learning Theory?
2. Knowing Suggests of Sibernetic Learning Theory?
3. Explains Description of Sibernetic Learning Theory?
4. Explains The Impact And Implementation Of Sibernetic Learning Theory In Education In
Class?
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
3.1 The Impact And Implementation Of Sibernetic Learning Theory In Education In Class
(Hamzah Uno google scholar https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jptk/article/view/7718 :
akses, 20 Oktober 2017 : 23 45 ).Given the feedback from students, the teacher will know
whether the material presented has been understood and what the student's difficulties in
understanding, if any further remedial actions that need to be done. Conversely, feedback
from teachers for example in the form of value on the work of students will remind students
to the extent to which their mastery of the material being studied. Based on the feedback
students can decide the action what to do to improve learning outcomes if less satisfying.
Funsi teachers in this regard are: plan, prepare and complementing an important stimulus
for symbolic input (verbal information, words, numbers and so on) and referential inputs
(objects andevents) that will lead to the concept of matching information to guide students
manipulate the concept process and prepare feedback (feedback) of an exercise / learning. In
terms of learning in the classroom, Gagne suggests there are nine steps of teaching that need
to be considered by the teacher. These steps are:
1) Take action to attract students' attention
2) Provide information to students about the purpose teaching and topics to be discussed
3) Stimulate students to start learning activities
4) Convey the contents of the lessons discussed in accordance with the topics that have been
set.
5) Provide guidance for student activities in learning.
6) Provide affirmation to students' learning behaviors.
7) Provide feedback on student behaviors
8) Implement assessment process and learning outcomes
9) Provide an opportunity for students to remember and use learning outcomes.
In essence, the implementation of cybernetic theory to the learning process should attract
attention, inform the learning objectives to the students, stimulate the activities on the
learning prerequisites, present stimulants, provide study guidance, encourage for work and
assess for work.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Hamzah, Uno. 2006. Orientasi Baru dalam Psikologi Pembelajaran. Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksara.
https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jptk/article/download/7718/6642. google scholer. Hamzah
Uno, akses, 20 Oktober 2017 : 23:45
https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/edukasi/article/viewFile/961/898 google scholer.
Hamzah Uno, akses, 20 Oktober 2017 : 23:30