Cases cognizable by Supreme Court

the Supreme Court shall exercise original and concurrent jurisdiction with Court of First Instance:

1. In petitions for the issuance of writs of certiorari, prohibition, mandamus, quo warranto, and
habeas corpus;
2. In actions between the Roman Catholic Church and the municipalities or towns, or the Filipino
Independent Church for controversy as to title to, or ownership, administration or possession of
hospitals, convents, cemeteries or other properties used in connection therewith;
3. In actions brought by the Government of the Philippines against the Roman Catholic Church or
vice versa for the title to, or ownership of, hospitals, asylums, charitable institutions, or any other
kind of property; and
4. In actions brought to prevent and restrain violations of law concerning monopolies and
combinations in restraint of trade.
The Supreme Court shall have exclusive jurisdiction to review, revise, reverse, modify or affirm on
appeal, certiorari or writ of error, as the law or rules of court may provide, final judgment and decrees
of inferior courts as herein provided, in -

(1) All cases in which the constitutionality or validity of any treaty, law, ordinance, or executive order
or regulation is in question;
(2) All cases involving the legality of any tax, impost, assessment or toll, or any penalty imposed in
relation thereto;
(3) All cases in which the jurisdiction of any inferior court is in issue;
(4) All criminal cases involving offenses for which the penalty imposed is death or life imprisonment;
and those involving other offenses which, although not so punished, arose out of the same
occurrence or which may have been committed by the accused on the same occasion, as that giving
rise to the more serious offense, regardless of whether the accused are charged as principals,
accomplices, or accessories, or whether they have been tried jointly or separately;
(5) All civil cases in which the value in controversy exceeds fifty thousand pesos, exclusive of
interests and costs, or in which the title or possession of real estate exceeding in value the sum of
fifty thousand pesos to be ascertained by the oath of a party to the cause or by other competent
evidence, is involved or brought in question. The Supreme Court shall likewise have exclusive
jurisdiction over all appeals in civil cases, even though the value in controversy, exclusive of
interests and costs, is fifty thousand pesos or less, when the evidence involved in said cases is the
same as the evidence submitted in an appealed civil case within the exclusive jurisdiction of the
Supreme Court as provided herein;
(6) All other cases in which only errors or questions of law are involved.

Cases cognizable by Sandiganbayan

any public officer or employee including those in the government-owned or controlled corporations,
with an act or omission alleged to be illegal, unjust, improper or inefficient is an Ombudsman case. Such
a complaint may be the subject of criminal or administrative proceedings, or both. For purposes of
investigation and prosecution, Ombudsman cases involving criminal offenses may be subdivided into
two classes, to wit, (1) those cognizable by the Sandiganbayan, and (2) those failing under the
jurisdiction of the regular courts. The difference between the two, aside from the category of the courts
wherein they are filed, is on the authority to investigate, as distinguished from the authority to
prosecute, such cases. The power to investigate or conduct a preliminary investigation in any
Ombudsman case may be exercised by any investigator or prosecutor of the Office of the Ombudsman,
or by any Provincial or City Prosecutor or their assistants, either in their regular capacities or as
deputized Ombudsman prosecutors. The prosecution of cases cognizable by the Sandiganbayan shall be
under the direct exclusive control and supervision of the Office of the Ombudsman. In cases cognizable
by the regular Courts, the control and supervision by the Office of Ombudsman is only in Ombudsman
cases in the sense defined above. The law recognizes a concurrence of jurisdiction between the Office of
the Ombudsman and other investigative agencies of the government in the prosecution of cases
cognizable by regular courts

Cases cognizable by RTC

Regional Trial Courts shall exercise exclusive original jurisdiction.

"(1) In all civil actions in which the subject of the litigation is incapable of pecuniary
estimation;

"(2) In all civil actions which involve the title to, or possession of, real property, or any interest
therein, where the assessed value of the property involved exceeds Twenty thousand pesos
(P20,000,00) or, for civil actions in Metro Manila, where such value exceeds Fifty thousand
pesos (P50,000.00) except actions for forcible entry into and unlawful detainer of lands or
buildings, original jurisdiction over which is conferred upon the Metropolitan Trial Courts,
Municipal Trial Courts, and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts;

"(3) In all actions in admiralty and maritime jurisdiction where the demand or claim exceeds
One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) or, in Metro Manila, where such demand or
claim exceeds Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00);

"(4) In all matters of probate, both testate and intestate, where the gross value of the estate
exceeds One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) or, in probate matters in Metro Manila,
where such gross value exceeds Two Hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00);

"(5) In all actions involving the contract of marriage and marital relations;

"(6) In all cases not within the exclusive jurisdiction of any court, tribunal, person or body
exercising jurisdiction of any court, tribunal, person or body exercising judicial or quasi-
judicial functions;

"(7) In all civil actions and special proceedings falling within the exclusive original jurisdiction
of a Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court and of the Court of Agrarian Relations as now
provided by law; and

"(8) In all other cases in which the demand, exclusive of interest, damages of whatever kind,
attorney's fees, litigation expenses, and costs or the value of the property in controversy
exceeds One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) or, in such other cases in Metro
 Manila, where the demand exclusive of the abovementioned items exceeds Two Hundred
thousand pesos (P200,000.00)."

Cases cognizable by MTC

2. matters consider in pre trial conference

The following are:

(a) plea bargaining;

(b) stipulation of facts;

(c) marking for identification of evidence of the parties;

(d) waiver of objections to admissibility of evidence;

(e) modification of the order of trial if the accused admits the charge but
interposes a lawful defense; and

(f) such matters as will promote a fair and expeditious trial of the criminal and civil
aspects of the case.

3. Criminal cases

4.

5. Contents of judicial Affidavit. - A judicial affidavit shall be prepared in the language known to the
witness and, if not in English or Filipino, accompanied by a translation in English or Filipino, and
shall contain the following:

(a) The name, age, residence or business address, and occupation of the witness;

(b) The name and address of the lawyer who conducts or supervises the examination of the
witness and the place where the examination is being held;

(c) A statement that the witness is answering the questions asked of him, fully conscious that
he does so under oath, and that he may face criminal liability for false testimony or perjury;

(d) Questions asked of the witness and his corresponding answers, consecutively numbered,
that:

(1) Show the circumstances under which the witness acquired the facts upon which
he testifies;

(2) Elicit from him those facts which are relevant to the issues that the case presents;
and
 (3) Identify the attached documentary and object evidence and establish their
authenticity in accordance with the Rules of Court;

(e) The signature of the witness over his printed name; and

(f) A jurat with the signature of the notary public who administers the oath or an officer who is
authorized by law to administer the same.